牡蛎肉提取物对类固醇性骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢的影响

目的探讨牡蛎肉提取物对类固醇性骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢的影响。方法40只3月龄SD大鼠,随机分成年龄对照组(A组)、泼尼松组(B组)、低剂量牡蛎组(C组)、高剂量牡蛎组(D组)。A组灌生理盐水4mg·kg-1.d-1,B组予4mg·kg-1.d-1泼尼松灌胃,C组灌胃给予牡蛎肉提取物5g·kg-1.d-1+醋酸泼尼松4mg·kg-1.d-1,D组给予牡蛎肉提取物10g·kg-1.d-1+醋酸泼尼松4mg·kg-1.d-1,共90d。实验结束后,处死全部大鼠,取尺骨和血清做生化指标测定。结果泼尼松可致大鼠尺骨羟脯氨酸的含量减少,骨钙、骨磷、骨锌、骨铁的含量显著降低;血钙显著升高,碱性磷酸酶含量降低。牡蛎提取物可提高大鼠骨钙、骨磷、骨锌、骨铁含量;使血钙降低恢复正常,碱性磷酸酶浓度升高,各项指标均接近正常对照组水平,且高剂量组比低剂量组效果更明显。结论牡蛎肉提取物可以有效防治泼尼松引起的骨代谢紊乱。     

纤体降脂Ⅰ号雌激素样作用部位筛选

目的:研究纤体降脂Ⅰ号不同提取部位对去卵巢大鼠血清雌二醇及子宫的影响,筛选其雌激素样作用部位。方法:采用系统溶剂提取法提取纤体降脂Ⅰ号,制备石油醚A、乙酸乙酯A、无水乙醇A、水提A、无水乙醇B、水提B,共6个提取部位。以去卵巢大鼠模型为研究对象,造模成功后灌胃相应药物(纤体降脂Ⅰ号组13.2 g·kg-1·d-1、石油醚A组0.12 g·kg-1·d-1、乙酸乙酯A组0.17 g·kg-1·d-1、无水乙醇A组0.12 g·kg-1·d-1、水提A组0.25 g·kg-1·d-1、无水乙醇B组0.33 g·kg-1·d-1、水提B组0.46 g·kg-1·d-1),连续13周。实验结束后测定大鼠血清雌二醇、子宫湿质量及子宫系数。结果:纤体降脂Ⅰ号组、石油醚A组及乙酸乙酯A组模型鼠血清雌二醇含量明显增加,与模型组比有显著性差异(P0.05);纤体降脂Ⅰ号组和石油醚A组模型鼠子宫湿质量明显增加,子宫系数显著提高,与模型组比有显著性差异(P0.05,P0.01);无水乙醇A、水提A、无水乙醇B、水提B组模型鼠血清雌二醇水平有升高的趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:石油醚A能够显著提高模型鼠血清雌激素水平和子宫系数,可能是纤体降脂Ⅰ号主要的雌激素样作用部位;乙酸乙酯A能够提高模型鼠血清雌激素水平,但对子宫系数无影响,可能是纤体降脂Ⅰ号重要的雌激素样作用部位。     

麦胚提取物对去卵巢大鼠骨密度和矿物质的作用

目的　探讨麦胚提取物对去卵巢引起骨质疏松大鼠的骨密度及矿物质的影响。方法　 2 1只雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、去卵巢模型组、去卵巢加麦胚提取物组 (麦胚提取物 10 0mg·kg-1·d-1) ,10周后测骨密度和骨矿物含量及血清、尿液和骨骼钙、锌、铜含量。结果　去卵巢组大鼠试验 10周后骨密度和骨矿物含量显著下降 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;血清钙、铜和尿钙、锌、铜显著增高 ,而血清锌降低 ,骨骼钙、锌、铜显著下降 (P <0 .0 5 )。去卵巢加麦胚后大鼠的骨密度和骨矿物含量显著升高 ,骨骼钙、锌、铜显著升高 ,尿钙、锌、铜降低 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　麦胚提取物可预防去卵巢大鼠骨钙、锌、铜丢失和骨密度下降     

椇葛方对大鼠急性酒精性肝损伤保护作用研究

目的:建立大鼠急性酒精性肝损伤模型,探讨椇葛方对大鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:将60只SD大鼠随机分为6组,分别是空白组、模型组、易善复组(136.8 mg·kg-1·d-1)、椇葛方高剂量组(99.9mg·kg-1·d-1)、椇葛方中剂量组(33.3 mg·kg-1·d-1)、椇葛方低剂量组(11.1 mg·kg-1·d-1)。空白组灌胃蒸馏水,剂量为10 m L·kg-1,各给药组每日上午灌胃相应药物,每天给药1次,第4天开始除空白组外,其余各组每日上午正常给药,下午灌胃60%酒精10 m L·kg-1,连续酒精灌胃4 d。第4天酒精灌胃1 h后,颈总动脉取血,测定血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)以及甘油三酯(TG)含量。结果:与空白组相比,模型组大鼠血清ALT、TG含量显著升高(P0.05),血清AST含量有升高趋势(P0.05)。与模型组相比,椇葛方高剂量组血清ALT含量明显降低(P0.01);椇葛方低剂量组血清TG含量明显降低(P0.05),椇葛方高剂量组血清TG含量有降低趋势(P0.05);椇葛方中剂量组血清AST含量明显降低(P0.05),椇葛方高、低剂量组血清AST含量有降低趋势(P0.05)。结论:椇葛方对急性酒精性肝损伤大鼠具有一定的肝脏保护作用。     

玉米黄质对D-半乳糖致衰老大鼠骨质的影响

目的研究玉米黄质对D-半乳糖致衰老大鼠骨质的影响。方法将45只6周龄Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为青年对照组、衰老模型组、玉米黄质组,每组15只,使用D-半乳糖对衰老模型组、玉米黄质组大鼠进行腹腔连续注射5个月,青年对照组腹腔注射等量生理盐水。另设16月龄正常雄性老年大鼠为正常老龄组。实验结束后称重麻醉,暴露腹部,下腔静脉取血,测量血清丙二醛(MDA)含量、血清钙、血清磷、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)及血中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性;分离各组大鼠的双侧股骨,测定骨长度、骨质量、骨密度、骨结构与生物力学指标以及骨钙、磷、锰、镁、羟脯氨酸含量、骨ALP活性,并比较组间差异。结果衰老模型组SOD活性、骨密度、骨结构力学参数(除张应力、韧性系数外)、生物力学参数、骨钙、镁、锰及羟脯氨酸含量均比青年对照组有显著降低(P<0.01),而血清MDA含量、骨磷含量、血钙、骨质量及血清ALP均比青年对照组显著升高(P<0.01)。与衰老模型组相比,玉米黄质组SOD活性、骨密度、骨结构力学参数、生物力学参数(除张应力、韧性系数外)、骨钙、镁、锰及羟脯氨酸含量升高(P<0.01),血清MDA含量、骨磷含量、血钙、骨质量及血清ALP活性降低(P<0.01)。结论长期大量摄入D-半乳糖导致大鼠衰老的同时可能诱发其发生骨质衰老变化,而玉米黄质可以延缓此类致老性骨质变化的发生。     

增龄和去睾丸大鼠不同结构骨组织的变化及雄激素的干预作用

目的 探讨增龄和去睾丸对成年大鼠不同结构骨组织骨代谢的影响,并观察雄激素的干预作用效果.方法 40只4个月龄SD雄性大鼠,随机分成基础对照组(A组)、年龄对照组(B组)、去睾丸组(C组)和去睾丸加睾丸酮组(D组),基础对照组在实验开始时处死,其余同等条件下饲养90 d后,处死全部大鼠,取腰椎、胫骨上段和中段进行不脱钙骨包埋切片,应用计算机自动图像分析系统进行骨组织形态计量学分析.结果 年龄对照组大鼠胫骨上段骨形成和骨吸收均下降,出现明显的骨质丢失.而去睾丸组大鼠胫骨上段骨量下降,骨形成和骨吸收参数都增加;胫骨中段皮质骨静态参数截面总面积、髓腔面积等无明显变化,动态参数骨外膜骨形成降低,骨内膜的骨形成和骨吸收均有增加趋势.去睾丸加睾丸酮组大鼠胫骨上段的骨量比去睾丸组增加,骨高转换率降低;胫骨中段皮质骨骨外膜的骨形成增加,骨内膜的骨吸收降低(P＜0.05).结论 增龄使大鼠会出现明显的骨质丢失,而去睾丸后骨质在增龄的基础上进一部丢失,以松质骨较为显著,皮质骨变化较慢.补充睾丸酮后可以阻止由于增龄和去睾丸所引起的骨质丢失,并能维持正常的骨质结构.     

不同剂量尼古丁对成年大鼠阴茎海绵体内源性CO含量及NOS活性影响的研究

目的探讨不同剂量尼古丁对成年雄性大鼠阴茎勃起功能及阴茎海绵体内源性一氧化碳(CO)含量及一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性的影响。方法将32只12周龄雄性大鼠随机分为4组,对照组、尼古丁(0.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组、尼古丁(1.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组、尼古丁(2.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组。给药方式采用皮下注射。8周后,阿朴吗啡试验观察大鼠阴茎勃起情况。取阴茎海绵体,用改良双波长分光光度法测量其CO浓度。应用改良的Griess法测量其NOS活性。结果与对照组比较,尼古丁各组阴茎勃起次数、CO含量及NOS活性明显减少(P<0.01)。阴茎勃起次数,尼古丁(2.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组较尼古丁(0.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组明显减少(P<0.01),尼古丁(1.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组较尼古丁(0.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组、尼古丁(2.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组较尼古丁(1.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组减少(P>0.05)。尼古丁给药剂量越大,CO含量及NOS活性越低,尼古丁注射各组间两两比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论尼古丁可导致成年雄性大鼠阴茎勃起功能减弱,阴茎海绵体内源性CO含量及NOS活性下降;其影响呈给药剂量依赖性;表明内源性CO是尼古丁致阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)的重要信使分子,尼古丁可能通过降低内源性CO含量及NOS活性致ED。     

雄激素对去睾丸大鼠不同结构骨组织的影响

目的应用骨形态计量学方法观察雄激素对去睾丸大鼠不同结构骨组织骨代谢的影响.方法30只4月龄SD雄性大鼠,随机分成年龄对照组(A组)、去睾丸组(B组)和去睾丸加睾丸酮组(C组).A组和B组每日给予生理盐水5ml·kg-1,C组每日给予甲基睾丸酮片1.8mg·kg-1,灌胃给药,持续90d.实验结束后,处死全部大鼠,取胫骨上段和中段进行不脱钙骨包埋切片,应用计算机自动图象分析系统进行骨组织形态计量学分析.结果与A组比较,B组大鼠胫骨上段骨量下降(%Tb.Ar-67.7%,P＜0.05),骨形成和骨吸收参数都增加;胫骨中段皮质骨静态参数截面总面积、髓腔面积等无明显变化,动态参数骨外膜骨形成降低,骨内膜的骨形成和骨吸收均有增加趋势.与B组比较,C组大鼠胫骨上段的骨量增加(%Tb.Ar 79.8%,P＜0.05),骨高转换率降低;胫骨中段皮质骨骨外膜的骨形成增加,骨内膜的骨吸收降低(P＜0.05).结论雄激素替代疗法可以防止大鼠由于雄激素水平下降造成的松质骨骨量丢失;并能正常的皮质骨结构,但作用相对缓慢.     

宁痫颗粒联合卡马西平对难治性癫痫大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α影响的实验研究

目的：观察宁痫颗粒联合卡马西平对海人酸难治性癫痫大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平的影响,探讨其作用机制.方法：Wistar雄性大鼠42只,按体质量随机分为假手术组、模型组、卡马西平＋宁痫颗粒高（0.03＋4.80/g·kg-1·d-1）、中（0.03＋2.40/g·kg-1·d-1）、低剂量组（0.03＋ 1.20/g·kg-1·d-1）、宁痫颗粒组（2.40/g· kg-1·d-1）和卡马西平组（0.03/g· kg-1·d-1）,每组6只.采用海马CA3局部注射海人酸制作大鼠癫痫模型,术后第二天予苯妥英钠药物筛选14d后成功制作难治性癫痫模型.各组分别灌胃2周后股动脉采血,收集各实验组大鼠血清,采用免疫酶联法（Elisa法）,测定各实验组大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平.结果：与卡马西平组比较,宁痫颗粒低剂量联合卡马西平组大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-6含量显著降低（P＜0.05）,宁痫颗粒中、高剂量组联合卡马西平大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-6含量极显著降低（P＜0.01）;宁痫颗粒低、中、高剂量联合卡马西平组大鼠血清TNF-α含量极显著降低（P＜0.01）.结论：IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α共同参与了免疫反应,其水平的变化间接反映了脑组织损伤程度.表明宁痫颗粒联合卡马西平具有一定的免疫抑制作用,比单用卡马西平疗效显著,说明两者联合具有协同作用,其机制可能是通过抑制炎症反应从而阻断癫痫发作,达到治疗癫痫目的.     

放射性肺损伤IL-6、TGF-β_1的改变及甲基氢化泼尼松预防作用的实验研究

目的探讨血清和肺组织TGF-β1、IL-6在放射性肺损伤中的改变及甲基氢化泼尼松对其预防作用。方法 40只Wistar种雌性大鼠,按随机分为照射组（A组）20只、照射加甲基氢化泼尼松组（B组）20只。A组于照射开始后第一天开始腹腔注射生理盐水1ml.kg-1.d-1,连用3周;B组于照射后第一天开始腹腔内注射甲基氢化泼尼松1mg.kg-1.d-1,连续3周。以直线加速器产生的6MV-X线对大鼠右肺进行分次照射（3Gy/次,2次/周,累积剂量最高为30Gy）,于照射后第4、6、8、12、26周处死,各时相点每组各处死4只。观察动物肺大体标本、行HE染色观察大鼠肺组织学变化、ELISA法检测血清TGF-β1、IL-6和SP法检测肺组织TGF-β1、IL-6的表达。结果照射加甲基氢化泼尼松组较单照组肺泡炎和纤维化出现晚且程度减轻;检测显示,照射加甲基氢化泼尼松组的血浆TGF-β1、IL-6含量还是肺组织TGF-β1、IL-6表达在各时相均低于单照组。结论甲基氢化泼尼松可以降低照射部位组织中TGF-β1和IL-6的含量,减轻了大鼠放射性肺损伤的发生率及严重程度。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.