深圳市南山区中小学生伤害发生情况及其影响因素分析

目的 了解深圳市南山区中小学生伤害发生情况及其影响因素,为预防中小学生伤害提供依据。 方法 采用随机整群抽样方法,以深圳市南山区8所小学、8所初中和4所高中的所有学生为研究对象,调查过去12个月内伤害的发生情况,共收回合格问卷为3 169份,采用 SPSS 22.0 进行统计分析。 结果 深圳市南山区中小学生伤害发生率为7.79%,男生伤害发生率(8.54%)高于女生(6.95%),但差异无统计学意义(χ²=2.795,P=0.054)。初中生伤害发生率14.50%,高于高中(5.29%)及小学生(5.37%)(χ²=72.554,P＜0.01)。伤害发生地点主要为学校(36.44%),其次是学校及家里以外的其他地方占33.60%,发生在家里的伤害占29.96%。伤害发生的前三位原因为跌倒/坠落(58.30%),刀/锐器伤(11.34%),钝器伤(10.53%)。多因素 logistic 回归分析结果显示,“高年级”(OR=1.499,95%CI:1.195～1.881)、“走读”(OR=3.206,95%CI:1.975～5.203)、外地户籍(OR=1.416,95%CI:1.074～1.992)是伤害发生的危险因素,“母亲为照料者”(OR=0.702,95%CI:0.541～0.912)是伤害发生的保护因素。 结论 南山区中小学生伤害发生率呈现不同特点,应针对不同学龄段的学生采取不同干预措施,减少伤害的发生。     

曲靖市中小学生伤害发生现状和危险因素分析

目的 了解曲靖市中小学生伤害发生现状和危险因素,为制定相应的干预措施预防和控制学生伤害事件的发生提供科学依据.方法 于2010年4月采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取曲靖市2所小学、2所中学共10 561名中小学生为调查对象,进行问卷调查,回顾性调查过去1年的伤害情况.采用非条件logistic回归分析影响伤害发生的危险因素.结果 曲靖市中小学生伤害发生率为23.97％.男生伤害发生率（27.31％）高于女生（20.39％）,差异有统计学意义（x2=69.26,P＜0.01）.小学、初中和高中学生伤害发生率差异有统计学意义（X^2=126.434,P＜0.01）,初中生为伤害高发人群（31.06％）.居于前5位的伤害类型依次为跌落伤（22.59％）、碰撞伤（11.44％）、刀割伤（9.84％）、动物咬伤（4.52％）和烧烫伤（4.38％）.多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,初中生（OR=1.44,95％CI：1.26～1.64）、与母亲生活的学生（OR=1.47,95％CI：1.15～1.87）、母亲的民族为苗族的学生（OR=2.78,95％CI：1.20～6.43）更容易发生伤害事件;而女生（OR=0.67,95％CI：0.60～0.74）、父亲职业为工人（OR =0.83,95％CI：0.70～0.99）或农民（OR =0.82,95％CI：0.71～0.94）的学生、在家排行较小的学生（OR=0.84,95％CI：0.73～0.96）、年龄小的学生（OR=1.05,95％CI：1.03～1.07）相对不容易发生伤害事件.结论 中小学生伤害发生率较高,伤害由多因素作用导致,与个人、家庭及学校环境危险因素有关.     

The incidence rates and risk factor of mild injury for two weeks: using Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 2001

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to provide the basic data for establishing countermeasures for preventing injury by analyzing the incidence rates, the risk factors, the characteristics of the injury and the utilization of medical care for mild injury that lasted for two weeks. METHODS: We examined the injury survey data among the National Health and Nutrition Survey data. The definition of mild injury that lasted for two weeks was that the injury that caused pain at least once a day for two weeks or the injury for which the usual daily activity of the injured person was severely affected. We used statistical analysis methods such as chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The incidence rate of injury that lasted for two weeks was 4.7 per 1,000 persons. On the multiple logistic regression, the children and adolescents (OR=3.80, 95%CI=1.63-8.84) had higher rates of injuries than the adults, and the middle and high school (OR=0.51, 95%CI=0.31-0.85) and college(OR=0.34, 95%CI=0.17-0.68) students had lower rates of injuries than the elementary school students. The unemployed (OR=0.39, 95%CI=0.20-0.73) and others (OR=0.38, 95%CI=0.21-0.70) had lower rates of injuries than the blue collar workers. The major causes of injuries were found to be falling and slipping, and the most prevalent place of occurrence was near or at home. CONCLUSIONS: A prevention program needs to be developed and continuous education must be offered to the children, adolescents and blue collar workers.     

珠海市大学生预防艾滋病健康教育意愿及需求调查

目的 了解珠海市大学生接受预防AIDS健康教育的意愿及需求,为进一步开展AIDS教育提供依据。 方法 采用现况研究的方法,于2019年10月至12月在珠海市6所高校招募学生参加调查,收集AIDS教育意愿和需求及相关因素等信息。采用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析大学生接受AIDS教育意愿的影响因素。结果 94.06%（11508/12235）的学生愿意接受AIDS教育;其中女生（aOR=3.40,95%CI:2.81~4.12）、住宿生（aOR=2.23,95%CI:1.46~3.42）、每月可支配收入为0~（aOR=1.94,95%CI:1.45~2.61）和2000~（aOR=1.95,95%CI:1.47~2.60）的学生更倾向于愿意接受该教育;大二（aOR=0.80,95%CI:0.65~0.98）、大三（aOR=0.62,95%CI:0.50~0.77）、大四/大五（aOR=0.63,95%CI:0.48~0.83）的学生接受意愿低于大一新生;理工类（aOR=0.42,95%CI:0.18~0.96）、艺体类（aOR=0.31,95%CI:0.13~0.72）的学生接受意愿低于医学生;性取向为同性恋（aOR=0.35,95%CI:0.21~0.60）、双性恋（aOR=0.70,95%CI:0.50~0.97）或不确定者（aOR=0.45,95%CI:0.35~0.57）相对于异性恋者更不愿意接受该教育。91.40%（11184/12235）的学生报告接受过AIDS相关知识,部分知识希望接受率高于实际接受率;传授及宣传材料是其获取AIDS相关知识的主要途径和青睐的接受途径,媒体和同伴教育等当前比较受学生欢迎的宣教方式则存在开展不足的问题。结论 珠海市大学生接受AIDS教育的意愿较高,但教育的内容及途径与实际需求尚有差距。建议高校紧跟AIDS教育趋势,针对学生接受AIDS教育意愿和需求的薄弱环节,提升学生风险防范意识和培养正确预防AIDS的行为方式。     

广州市中小学生运动伤害危险因素的配对病例对照分析

目的 探讨中小学生运动伤害的危险因素.方法 按性别、年龄、班级1:1配对原则,通过样本量计算选择349对运动伤害病例和对照,采用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归分析.结果中小学生发生运动伤害的危险因素是:鞋底磨损大(OR=7.20,95%CI:2.37～21.84)、疲倦(OR=14.34,95%CI:2.29～89.66)、带病时参加运动的频率高(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.29～3.06)和既往伤害史(OR=2.11,95%CI:1.41～3.96).运动伤害的保护因素:体育训练时有老师指导动作(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.26～0.79)、运动时做防护措施(OR=0.36,95%CI:0.20～0.64)和运动前热身运动的频率高(OR=0.31,95%CI:0.14～0.67).结论 中小学生运动伤害与个人因素、家庭因素和社会因素有关;应提高学生和老师的安全运动意识,减少运动伤害危险行为的发生.     

湖北省某市农村中学生性侵犯防范能力调查

了解农村中学生性侵犯的防范能力现状及其影响因素,为预防农村中学生性侵犯教育提供科学依据.方法 随机整群抽取湖北省某市农村2所初中学校的初一、初二年级和1所高中学校高一、高二年级共1 658名在校学生,采用不记名自填式问卷调查中学生性侵犯防范能力的现状,并对影响因素进行非条件Logistic回归分析.结果 有关中学生性侵犯防范能力的7个问题中,男生回答“有时”或者“经常”的频率更高,其中5个条目性别间差异均有统计学意义.中学生性侵犯防范能力得分合格(性侵犯防范能力得分≥12)的危险因素为男生(OR=1.509,95% CI=1.230~1.852)和亲密度得分低(OR=1.259,95%CI=1.138~1.393);保护因素为非留守(OR=0.774,95% CI=0.627~0.956)、非住校(OR=0.558,95%CI=0.455~0.686)、≤12岁(OR=0.363,95%CI=0.268~0.493)和13~16岁(OR=0.160,95% CI=0.101~0.254).结论 农村中学生预防性侵犯的能力相对不足,需要开展加强农村中学生性侵犯防范能力的学校教育和家庭教育.     

广东省清远市农村留守儿童伤害流行特征调查研究

  目的  探讨农村留守儿童伤害的流行情况及危险因素，为制订预防伤害措施提供相应的证据支持。  方法  采用分层整群抽样，于广东省清远市清新区经济发展程度不同的2个层中各随机抽取一个镇，再从当地随机抽取3所小学、3所中学的3~9年级的留守青少年儿童为研究对象，以学生自填问卷方式调查近一年内的伤害发生情况、个人情况、家庭环境和学校情况。运用χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归模型分析伤害的影响因素。  结果  一年内当地的留守儿童伤害发生率为17.50%（440人）。单因素检验提示学段、独生情况、健康状况、焦虑状况、伤害知识水平、伤害行为水平、与同学的关系、老师对学生态度、老师强调安全问题的组间伤害发生率的差异有统计学意义（均有P<0.05），多因素Logistic回归模型结果提示中学、身体健康、行为水平合格、与同学关系融洽是保护因素（均有P<0.05），焦虑是危险因素（OR=1.262，95%CI:1.009~1.577，P=0.041）。  结论  农村留守儿童伤害情况受多因素影响，因此应采取综合干预措施，在营造安全健康的成长环境的同时，积极做好伤害教育工作，减少伤害的发生。     

鄞县中小学生意外伤害研究

[目的]了解我县中小学生意外伤害现况及常见的意外伤害种类和原因，为干预措施提供依据。[方法]采用随机整群抽样方法。调查11所学校10568名中小学生在过去1年中的意外伤害情况。[结果]1年内有1207名学生发生意外伤害1757次，总发生率为16.63%，发生率以跌伤（5.95%)，碰撞伤（2.55%)，刀割伤（2.40%)为高；初中生发生率最高，男生高于女生；意外伤害主要在运动和玩耍时发生，有39.04%的病例去医院门诊，1.35%病例住院治疗，平均每例需休息3.24天，活动受限4.53天，缺课0.91天。直接医疗经费约149元。其父母文化程度与职业对子女伤害发生率有一定关系。[结论]伤害在中小学生中常见，多发，应引起全社会的重视并积极预防。     

中小学生非自杀性自伤行为家庭环境因素分析

目的 了解中小学生非自杀性自伤行为的现况;探讨中小学生非自杀性自伤行为的家庭环境影响因素。方法 采用整群抽样的方法抽取4所学校6 252名中小学生,使用蓄意自伤量表和中国家庭评估测量工具进行问卷调查,采用两分类logistic回归分析中小学生NSSI行为的家庭环境因素。结果 中小学生非自杀性自伤行为检出率为30.74%,在中小学生中,家庭相互交流（小学生:OR = 1.041,95%CI:1.028～1.055;中学生:OR = 1.036,95%CI:1.011～1.060）、家庭冲突（小学生 :OR = 1.060,95%CI:1.044～1.077;中学生 :OR = 1.045,95%CI:1.013～1.079）和父母控制（小学生:OR = 1.033,95%CI:1.012～1.055;中学生 :OR = 1.057,95%CI:1.014～1.103）均是非自杀性自伤行为的危险因素。结论 改善和提高家庭环境功能水平,有助于预防中小学生非自杀性自伤行为的发生。     

泰安市儿童青少年近视流行现状及影响因素

目的 分析泰安市儿童青少年近视流行现状及其可能的影响因素,为近视防控提供科学依据。方法 2019年10月采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,在泰安市25所学校(幼儿园)抽取4～19岁儿童青少年,进行远视力检查和非睫状肌麻痹条件下的屈光检测,并对四年级及以上的中小学生开展近视影响因素问卷调查。结果 泰安市7 524名儿童青少年总体近视患病率为60.2%,5岁组、6岁组、小学、初中、高中和职高学生近视患病率分别为11.7%、14.0%、38.3%、82.3%、91.4%和74.4%。多因素分析显示,性别为女(OR=1.583,95%CI:1.374～1.825,P＜0.001)、年级增加(OR=1.062,95%CI:1.052～1.072,P＜0.001)、每天作业时长达2～3小时(OR=1.320,95%CI:1.067～1.633,P=0.010)、经常躺着或趴着看书或电子屏幕(OR=1.354,95%CI:1.094～1.676,P=0.005)是本地学生近视患病的危险因素,而在校能够每天做2～3次眼保健操(OR=0.776,95%CI:0.663～0.909,P=0.002)、2周调换1次座位(OR=0.631,95%CI:0.467～0.853,P=0.003)、每周能上2次体育课(OR=0.639,95%CI:0.423～0.967,P=0.034)、课间休息到户外活动(OR=0.699,95%CI:0.584～0.837,P＜0.001)则是近视的保护因素。结论 泰安市儿童青少年近视患病率呈现低龄、高发、进展迅速的特点,期望通过切实减轻课业负担、改变不良用眼习惯、加强校内眼保护措施来实现近视控制。     

北京市知晓电子烟中小学生电子烟使用及影响因素分析

  目的  了解和掌握北京市中小学生电子烟使用的现状及其有关因素,为促进学校无烟环境建设提供实证依据。  方法  2019年4—6月采用与规模大小成比例的概率抽样(PPS)方法在北京市范围内分别抽取小学、初中、高中和职高监测点校,各点校随机抽取班级,直至满足样本量,共18 312名知晓电子烟的中小学生纳入统计分析,监测内容主要是电子烟使用的现状及影响因素等情况。  结果  在知晓电子烟的中小学生中,女生较男生使用电子烟的可能性低(OR=0.47,95%CI=0.42~0.54)。进入初二后,使用电子烟的可能性呈递增趋势。父母均不吸烟与孩子远离电子烟呈负相关(OR=0.78,95%CI=0.69~0.88)。平均每天零花钱30~ < 150元和≥150元的中小学生使用电子烟的可能性分别是0~ < 10元零花钱的1.43倍(95%CI=1.22~1.67)和2.24倍(95%CI=1.79~2.79)。没有尝试使用卷烟的中小学生使用电子烟的可能性低于已尝试卷烟的(OR=0.16,95%CI=0.14~0.19)。  结论  应遏制电子烟在中小学生中的流行趋势,填补或纠正儿童青少年对于电子烟认知的空白或错误,采取更具创新性的方法科学引导儿童青少年远离电子烟。     

Socio-economic determinants and self-reported depressive symptoms during postpartum period

The researchers' aims were to estimate the prevalence of postpartum depressive symptoms in Italy. Cross-sectional data from the survey, "Health and use of health care in Italy" were analyzed. The authors focused on 5,812 women, pregnant some time during five years before the survey. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate risk factors independently associated with postpartum depressive symptoms. Evaluation of seasonal trends was also performed.In the total sample, 23.5% (n = 1,365) reported having suffered postpartum depressive symptoms: 20.7% experienced baby blues, and 2.8% postpartum depression. Factors significantly associated with baby blues were, among others, living in northern or central areas (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.88; 95%CI 1.57-2.15 and 1.40; 95%CI 1.20-1.63, respectively), history of depression (aOR 1.34; 95%CI 1.15-1.56), and attendance at antenatal classes (aOR 1.13; 95%CI 1.04-1.22). Factors significantly associated with postpartum depression were: anamnesis of depression (aOR 3.32; 95%CI 2.69-4.09), gaining more than 16 kg of weight during pregnancy (aOR 1.48; 95%CI 1.03-2.12), and undergoing a cesarean section (planned: aOR 1.56; 95%CI 1.05-2.29; unplanned: aOR 1.78; 95%CI 1.16-2.73). Multiparity was a protective factor both for baby blues (aOR 0.80; 95%CI 0.70-0.91), and postpartum depression (aOR 0.71; 95%CI 0.51-0.98). No clear seasonality was observed for postpartum depression, while for baby blues a certain aggregation of events was registered during the central months of the year. The authors' study highlighted variables associated with baby blues and postpartum depression to target screening for women for postpartum depressive symptoms.     

The epidemiology of school-related injuries: new perspectives.

Among school-aged children, unintentional injuries are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. We began this prospective study in a sample of nine schools within the Boulder Valley School District (Colorado) during the 1988-1989 school year in an effort to explore the etiology of school-related injuries and to provide information relevant to their prevention. During the study period, 509 injuries were reported among a population of 5,518 students, yielding an incidence of 9.22 per 100 students. Boys were nearly one and one-half times more likely to have sustained a school-related injury than girls (risk ratio (RR) = 1.41; 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 1.18, 1.68). We found a significant difference among injury rates by school level (P less than .001). Middle/junior high students had the highest rate, followed closely by elementary students and distantly by high school students. Sports activities accounted for the largest percentage of school injuries (53%), and the percentage of sports-related injuries increased with increasing grade level. Analysis of injury rates by school location revealed that high school students were most frequently injured in the gym (1.52 per 100), middle/junior high students on the athletic field (4.26 per 100), and elementary students on the playground (6.12 per 100). Using injury location as the focal point, we examined relationships among the variables sport/activity, body site, and nature of injury. We found that a large percentage of injuries sustained on the athletic field or in the gym were similar and affected similar body sites, whereas playground injuries differed in their nature and in body site affected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

中国四地中学生校园氛围对流感疫苗接种的影响

  目的  探讨在校中学生流感疫苗接种影响因素,为提高中学生流感疫苗接种率提供理论基础。  方法  采用定性定量结合的研究方法。使用网络推送问卷星方法调查北京、安徽、陕西、广东4地9 145名在校中学生。多因素Logistic回归模型分析中学生接种流感疫苗的影响因素。采用立意调查方法,选取35名在校中学生进行半结构式访谈,使用NVivo plus软件进行资料分析。  结果  受调查中学生自报告流感疫苗接种率为38.2%。不曾与他人讨论过流感疫苗(OR=1.37,95%CI=1.17~1.60)、觉得与他人讨论流感疫苗是无价值的(OR=1.30,95%CI=1.08~1.57)与疫苗接种呈负相关(P值均 < 0.05);班主任建议(OR=0.39,95%CI=0.32~0.48)、周围同学接种(OR=0.29,95%CI=0.25~0.33)、很清楚疫苗是怎么回事并能清楚解释(OR=0.68,95%CI=0.61~0.75)、与他人讨论(OR=0.76,95%CI=0.67~0.86)、觉得讨论是有价值的(OR=0.66,95%CI=0.59~0.73)、可以正向带动他人(OR=0.61,95%CI=0.55~0.68)、受到他人积极影响(OR=0.62,95%CI=0.54~0.71)与疫苗接种呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。访谈结果显示,班主任对流感疫苗的认知和态度可直接或间接影响学生的接种决定,积极的班级整体氛围可提高学生接种率。  结论  学校可通过发挥班主任引导作用、组织学生开展流感话题讨论的方式提高学生流感疫苗接种率。     

深圳市宝安区公立和农民工子弟小学高年级学生伤害现况

了解深圳市宝安区公立和农民工子弟小学高年级学生伤害发生情况及其危险因素,为有效预防学生伤害的发生提供参考.方法 以2015年深圳市宝安区小学四至六年级在校学生为调查对象,采取二阶段分层整群抽样的方法,抽取该区14所公立小学和6所农民工子弟小学5 608名学生,对实施伤害及其危险因素进行调查,分析近1年来的伤害发生情况和危险因素,以及受伤害最严重或记忆最清楚的1次伤害的构成情况.结果 学生伤害发生率为18.4%,公立小学为18.9%,农民工子弟小学为17.3%,差异无统计学意义(x2=1.21,P-0.27).公立小学学生割/刺伤和烧/烫伤发生率较低,分别为6.3%和2.7%;在学校内和参加体育活动时受伤害比例较高,分别为37.6%和18.0%;农民工子弟小学学生在家中、从事家务、打架时受伤害比例较高,分别为41.6%,9.4%和2.2%;公立小学学生受伤部位为手指/脚趾和受伤后住院比例低于农民工子弟小学学生,因伤休息7d以内比例高于农民工子弟小学,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).结论 男性、四~五年级、经常玩网络游戏、经常在校外游荡、经常逃学、父母经常吵架和父母离异是学生伤害发生的危险因素,班级朋友较多、父母在一起居住和喜欢体育运动是保护因素.建议加强宣传教育,控制学生伤害的发生.     

Respiratory health symptoms among students exposed to different levels of air pollution in a Turkish city

In this study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of respiratory health symptoms among high school students attending schools at industrial, urban and rural areas in a Turkish city. Three schools located in different zones of the city having different pollution characteristics were chosen based on the pollutant distribution maps using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) software. A cross-sectional survey was performed among 667 high school students in the schools. Outdoor and indoor nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) and ozone (O(3)) concentrations were also measured by passive samplers in the same schools to investigate possible routes of exposure. Chronic pulmonary disease (OR = 1.49; 95%CI: 1.11-1.99; p = 0.008), tightness in the chest (OR = 1.57; 95%CI: 1.22-2.02; p = 0.001), morning cough (OR = 1.81 95%CI: 1.19-2.75; p = 0.006) were higher among students in the industrial zone where nitrogen dioxide and ozone levels were also highest. There were no indoor sources of nitrogen dioxide and ozone exists in the schools except for the dining hall. As a conclusion, this study has noticed that air pollution and respiratory health problems among high school students are high in industrial zones and the use of passive samplers combined with GIS is an effective tool that may be used by public health researchers to identify pollutant zones and persons at risk.     

高中生饮酒知信行与酒精使用障碍的关联

  目的  分析高中生饮酒知信行与酒精使用障碍之间的关联,为高中生饮酒干预提供参考依据。  方法  采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取上海市长宁区4所高中的811名高中生进行饮酒相关知信行以及酒精使用障碍情况的问卷调查,采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析。  结果  高中生轻度酒精使用障碍有279名(34.4%),重度酒精使用障碍有29名(3.6%)。高中生饮酒相关知识平均分为(9.56±3.55)分,态度(4.96±2.36)分,行为(2.81±1.29)分。高中生饮酒知识、态度和行为和酒精使用障碍得分之间均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.10,-0.39,-0.71,P值均 < 0.01)。多分类Logistic回归结果提示,饮酒知信行总分(OR=0.86,95%CI=0.83~0.89)和家庭经济水平(高经济水平:OR=2.05,95%CI=1.26~3.32)与轻度酒精使用障碍呈正相关,饮酒知信行总分(OR=0.76,95%CI=0.70~0.83)和学校类别(OR=3.72,95%CI=1.51~9.18)与重度酒精使用障碍均呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  高中生低饮酒知信行与酒精使用障碍存在相关性,应加强高中生饮酒相关健康教育,职业高中以及高家庭经济水平学生为重点干预对象。     

Circumstances of patient falls and injuries in 9 hospitals in a midwestern healthcare system.

OBJECTIVE: Preventing hospital falls and injuries requires knowledge of fall and injury circumstances. Our objectives were to determine whether reported fall circumstances differ among hospitals and to identify predictors of fall-related injury. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. Adverse event data on falls were compared according to hospital characteristics. Logistic regression was used to determine adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk factors for fall-related injury. SETTING: Nine hospitals in a Midwestern healthcare system. PATIENTS: Inpatients who fell during 2001-2003. RESULTS: The 9 hospitals reported 8,974 falls that occurred in patient care areas, involving 7,082 patients; 7,082 falls were included in our analysis. Assisted falls (which accounted for 13.3% of falls in the academic hospital and 9.8% of falls in the nonacademic hospitals; P<.001) and serious fall-related injuries (which accounted for 3.7% of fall-related injuries in the academic hospital and 2.2% of fall-related injuries in the nonacademic hospitals; P<.001) differed by hospital type. In multivariate analysis for the academic hospital, increased age (aOR, 1.006 [95% CI, 1.000-1.012]), falls in locations other than patient rooms (aOR, 1.53 [95% CI, 1.03-2.27]), and unassisted falls (aOR, 1.70 [95% CI, 1.23-2.36]) were associated with increased injury risk. Altered mental status was associated with a decreased injury risk (aOR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.58-0.89]). In multivariate analysis for the nonacademic hospitals, increased age (aOR, 1.007 [95% CI, 1.002-1.013]), falls in the bathroom (aOR, 1.46 [95% CI, 1.06-2.01]), and unassisted falls (aOR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.37-2.43]) were associated with injury. Female sex (aOR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.71-0.97]) was associated with a decreased risk of injury. CONCLUSION: Some fall characteristics differed by hospital type. Further research is necessary to determine whether differences reflect true differences or merely differences in reporting practices. Fall prevention programs should target falls involving older patients, unassisted falls, and falls that occur in the patient's bathroom and in patient care areas outside of the patient's room to reduce injuries.     

Drivers for human papillomavirus vaccination in Valencia (Spain)

Objective

To describe the drivers associated with HPV vaccination in adolescent girls and their parent's opinion on the vaccine.

太原市孕妇参加孕妇学校的影响因素分析

目的 了解太原市孕妇对孕妇学校的知晓与参加情况,探究参加孕妇学校的影响因素,为改善孕妇学校的利用提供参考。 方法 采用自行设计的问卷对2016年11月至2017年8月太原市的三家医疗机构妇产科门诊就诊的孕妇进行调查。二分类logistic回归分析孕妇参加孕妇学校的影响因素。 结果 孕妇对孕妇学校的知晓率为72.75%,参加率为41.30%。logistic回归分析显示首次妊娠（OR=1.591,95%CI:1.084~2.335）、孕中期（OR=2.022,95%CI:1.028~3.980）、孕晚期（OR=4.072,95%CI:2.082~7.968）、有获取健康信息的主动性（OR=3.129,95%CI:1.351~7.250）、知晓孕妇学校（OR=6.789,95%CI:4.135~11.146）、认为孕妇学校可靠（OR=2.075,95%CI:1.423~3.026）/方便（OR=2.058,95%CI:1.195~3.544）/有用（OR=4.215,95%CI:2.856~6.220）对参加孕妇学校有正向影响（P值均<0.05）,居住在县乡村（OR=0.625,95%CI:0.403~0.970）对参加孕妇学校有负向影响（P值均<0.05）。 结论 孕妇对孕妇学校的知晓率较高,但参加率低。提升孕妇学校的利用,可以从两方面入手:着重改善孕妇对孕妇学校的倾向性因素,提升孕妇学校的社会影响力和认可度;同时完善促成因素,如广泛宣传孕妇学校、科学管理孕妇学校、增加县乡村孕妇学校的可及性。