Subdural hygroma in association with middle fossa arachnoid cyst: acetazolamide therapy

Intracranial arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid-filled collections between arachnoid layers. While many are silent, arachnoid cysts can become symptomatic if there is sudden expansion, haemorrhage or rupture with the development of subdural hygroma or subdural hematoma. Several studies have demonstrated the association of arachnoid cysts with subdural hygroma and subdural hematoma. We describe a 9-year-old girl with a moderate-sized middle-fossa arachnoid cyst and bilateral frontal subdural hygroma presenting with raised intracranial pressure. She was treated with acetazolamide which resulted in resolution of the subdural hygroma and relief of symptomatology.     

Arachnoid cysts of the middle cranial fossa presented as subdural hematomas

The aim of the study was to present the authors' own experience and discuss the treatment method of arachnoid cysts of the middle cranial fossa disclosed as subdural hematoma. Three cases of male patients operated on because of chronic subdural hematoma are presented. Control CT studies after evacuation of hematomas revealed arachnoid cysts of the middle cranial fossa and all patients were qualified for delayed cystocisternostomy by open craniotomy. Indirect signs of presence of arachnoid cysts in the form of bony abnormalities and expanded the middle cranial fossa in the first CT were seen in all patients. Cysts were asymptomatic until the injury in all cases. The volumes of cysts in MRI scans were: 17.8 ml, 52.9 ml and 92.4 ml, respectively. All cysts were type II according to Galassi classification. After control MRI described above made to evaluate cyst appearance, delayed cystocisternostomy to basal cisterns was undertaken in two cases with full success. No complications were observed. The third patient refused surgery. During surgery the thick and non-transparent medial cyst wall and arachnoidea of tentorial notch cisterns were observed impeding the exact identification of neurovascular structures. In our opinion arachnoid cysts of the middle cranial fossa revealed as subdural hematoma should be operated on in two stages: in the first step subdural hematoma should be evacuated and in the second step cystocisternostomy should be performed. With regard to observed morphological changes of arachnoidea and cyst walls we think that open cystocisternostomy is treatment of choice in these cases.     

椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法.方法 总结分析了72例经病理证实的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床表现、MRI影像学特点、术中表现及不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方法.结果 根据术前的MRI影像学特点及手术中所见可将椎管内蛛网膜囊肿分为:脊髓髓内型、硬脊膜下髓外型、骑跨硬脊膜型、椎管内硬脊膜外型、椎管内外型及椎管内多发型.不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方式.结论 MRI检查对椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.对不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的术式,对治疗结果有意义.     

椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法.方法 总结分析了72例经病理证实的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床表现、MRI影像学特点、术中表现及不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方法.结果 根据术前的MRI影像学特点及手术中所见可将椎管内蛛网膜囊肿分为:脊髓髓内型、硬脊膜下髓外型、骑跨硬脊膜型、椎管内硬脊膜外型、椎管内外型及椎管内多发型.不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方式.结论 MRI检查对椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.对不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的术式,对治疗结果有意义.     

椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法.方法 总结分析了72例经病理证实的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床表现、MRI影像学特点、术中表现及不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方法.结果 根据术前的MRI影像学特点及手术中所见可将椎管内蛛网膜囊肿分为:脊髓髓内型、硬脊膜下髓外型、骑跨硬脊膜型、椎管内硬脊膜外型、椎管内外型及椎管内多发型.不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方式.结论 MRI检查对椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.对不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的术式,对治疗结果有意义.     

椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法.方法 总结分析了72例经病理证实的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床表现、MRI影像学特点、术中表现及不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方法.结果 根据术前的MRI影像学特点及手术中所见可将椎管内蛛网膜囊肿分为:脊髓髓内型、硬脊膜下髓外型、骑跨硬脊膜型、椎管内硬脊膜外型、椎管内外型及椎管内多发型.不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方式.结论 MRI检查对椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.对不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的术式,对治疗结果有意义.     

椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法.方法 总结分析了72例经病理证实的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床表现、MRI影像学特点、术中表现及不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方法.结果 根据术前的MRI影像学特点及手术中所见可将椎管内蛛网膜囊肿分为:脊髓髓内型、硬脊膜下髓外型、骑跨硬脊膜型、椎管内硬脊膜外型、椎管内外型及椎管内多发型.不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方式.结论 MRI检查对椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.对不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的术式,对治疗结果有意义.     

椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法.方法 总结分析了72例经病理证实的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床表现、MRI影像学特点、术中表现及不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方法.结果 根据术前的MRI影像学特点及手术中所见可将椎管内蛛网膜囊肿分为:脊髓髓内型、硬脊膜下髓外型、骑跨硬脊膜型、椎管内硬脊膜外型、椎管内外型及椎管内多发型.不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方式.结论 MRI检查对椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.对不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的术式,对治疗结果有意义.     

椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法.方法 总结分析了72例经病理证实的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床表现、MRI影像学特点、术中表现及不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方法.结果 根据术前的MRI影像学特点及手术中所见可将椎管内蛛网膜囊肿分为:脊髓髓内型、硬脊膜下髓外型、骑跨硬脊膜型、椎管内硬脊膜外型、椎管内外型及椎管内多发型.不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方式.结论 MRI检查对椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.对不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的术式,对治疗结果有意义.     

椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法.方法 总结分析了72例经病理证实的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床表现、MRI影像学特点、术中表现及不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方法.结果 根据术前的MRI影像学特点及手术中所见可将椎管内蛛网膜囊肿分为:脊髓髓内型、硬脊膜下髓外型、骑跨硬脊膜型、椎管内硬脊膜外型、椎管内外型及椎管内多发型.不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方式.结论 MRI检查对椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.对不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的术式,对治疗结果有意义.     

椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法.方法 总结分析了72例经病理证实的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床表现、MRI影像学特点、术中表现及不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方法.结果 根据术前的MRI影像学特点及手术中所见可将椎管内蛛网膜囊肿分为:脊髓髓内型、硬脊膜下髓外型、骑跨硬脊膜型、椎管内硬脊膜外型、椎管内外型及椎管内多发型.不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方式.结论 MRI检查对椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.对不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的术式,对治疗结果有意义.     

椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法.方法 总结分析了72例经病理证实的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床表现、MRI影像学特点、术中表现及不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方法.结果 根据术前的MRI影像学特点及手术中所见可将椎管内蛛网膜囊肿分为:脊髓髓内型、硬脊膜下髓外型、骑跨硬脊膜型、椎管内硬脊膜外型、椎管内外型及椎管内多发型.不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方式.结论 MRI检查对椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.对不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的术式,对治疗结果有意义.     

椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床特点和手术方法.方法 总结分析了72例经病理证实的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的临床表现、MRI影像学特点、术中表现及不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方法.结果 根据术前的MRI影像学特点及手术中所见可将椎管内蛛网膜囊肿分为:脊髓髓内型、硬脊膜下髓外型、骑跨硬脊膜型、椎管内硬脊膜外型、椎管内外型及椎管内多发型.不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的手术方式.结论 MRI检查对椎管内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.对不同类型的椎管内蛛网膜囊肿采用不同的术式,对治疗结果有意义.     

应用神经内镜治疗中颅窝蛛网膜囊肿

目的:探讨神经内镜治疗中颅窝蛛网膜囊肿的有效性、安全性,为该类疾病的治疗提供新的方法和依据。方法:根据影像学的分型,采用神经内镜对16例中颅窝蛛网膜囊肿进行囊肿壁部分切除及造瘘术。结果:11例行囊肿壁大部切除及邻近脑池造瘘;5例行囊壁部分切除及邻近脑池造瘘。术后除1例出现动眼神经麻痹,1例出现硬膜下积液,2例发热外,大部分病例症状改善明显。结论:应用神经内镜治疗中颅窝蛛网膜囊肿手术创伤小,并发症少,疗效好。     

Intracranial arachnoid cyst with subdural hematoma

A case of a middle fossa arachnoid cyst associated with a post-traumatic subdural hematoma is reported, where the inner membrane of the hematoma did not entirely cover the cyst surface. At operation a third cavity was detected between the arachnoid cyst and the hematoma and it is postulated that the subdural hematoma was consequent to the developmental anomaly. We have reviewed 72 cases in the literature and discuss the management of subdural hematoma in the presence of arachnoid cysts.     

Arachnoid cyst with rupture into the subdural space.

Arachnoid cysts which develop in relation to the cerebral hemispheres are usually found in the middle cranial fossa. These cysts are usually asymptomatic but can produce symptoms if there is haemorrhage into the cyst or the development of an associated subdural hematoma. Recent publications have emphasised the association of arachnoid cysts of the middle fossa with subdural haematomas. This report describes a case of an asymptomatic arachnoid cyst which ruptured into the subdural space. This event was followed by the development of symptoms despite the lack of haemorrhage.     

A reappraisal of the relationship between arachnoid cysts of the middle fossa and chronic subdural haematoma.

It has been increasingly recognised that patients with arachnoid cysts of the middle fossa appear more susceptible to the development of subdural haematomas. Seven patients with arachnoid cysts of the middle fossa and associated subdural haematomas are presented. Intra-cystic haemorrhage, masking the presence of an arachnoid cyst on computed tomography (CT) is highlighted. Repeat of CT scanning in young patients with subdural haematomas in the absence of severe trauma is recommended. Two theories are proposed to account for the observed susceptibility to the development of subdural haematomas in these patients.     

Arachnoid cyst of the middle cranial fossa — aplasia of temporal lobe?

In 11 cases of intracranial, temporal arachnoid cysts the etiology, clinical and radiographic findings, surgical treatment, and outcome are reviewed in respect of post-traumatic subdural hematoma. Cysts of the middle cranial fossa are susceptible to trauma, which may cause bleeding either into the cyst or into the subdural space. Signs and symptoms of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP), local neurological deficits, and sometimes epileptic seizures may lead to hospitalization. CT or MRI scans are diagnostic in these cases. In cases of intracranial mass lesion with displacement of the midline structures and increasing ICP, osteoplastic craniotomy is performed and the lateral wall of the cyst is resected down to the tentorial notch by a microsurgical procedure, with opening into the basal cisterns. There were no operative or postoperative complications in 11 consecutive cases. However, one boy required a cystoperitoneal shunt 3 months later as a result of hydrocephalus following subdural hematoma. Asymptomatic arachnoid cysts are discussed with respect to brain function and social behavior.Paper presented at the 10th Annual Meeting of the European Society for Paediatric Neurosurgery, Aalborg 1986     

Morphology and origin of arachnoid cysts scanning and transmission electron microscopy of three cases

Summary Three surgically removed primary arachnoidal cysts were studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and two of the cases with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The cells lining the cyst cavity had microvilli at the surface, true cilia were absent. In the cytoplasm multivesicular bodies, many pinocytotic vesicles, some large vacuoles and strands of tonofilaments were prominent features. The cells were interconnected by desmosome-like junctions and were interconnected by desmosome-like junctions and were separated from the surrounding tissue by a distinct but sometimes incomplete basal membrane.Based on these findings it is concluded that arachnoid cysts are derived from the outer arachnoid cells (subdural neurothelium), the formation of the cysts being attributable to secretory capacity of the subdural neurothelium.     

Arachnoid Cyst with Spontaneous Intracystic Hemorrhage and Chronic Subdural Hematoma

We report a case of arachnoid cyst in which subdural hematoma and intracystic hemorrhage developed spontaneously. Usually, arachnoid cysts are asymptomatic, but can become symptomatic because of cyst enlargement or hemorrhage, often after mild head trauma. Although they are sometimes combined with subdural hematoma, intracystic hemorrhage has rarely been observed. Our patient had a simultaneous subdural hematoma and intracystic hemorrhage without evidence of head trauma.