鼻康喷雾剂对小鼠体内外抗菌作用的实验研究

目的：观察鼻康喷雾剂对小鼠体内外抗菌的作用。方法：测定对七株标准菌株的MIC和MBC,观察对腹腔注射铜绿假单孢菌和乙型溶血性链球菌小鼠死亡的保护作用。结果：鼻康喷雾剂对乙型溶血性链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌有较强的抑制作用;对铜绿假单孢菌、白色念珠菌有一定的抑菌作用。对腹腔注射铜绿假单孢菌和乙型溶血性链球菌引起小鼠死亡有一定的保护作用。结论：鼻康喷雾剂对小鼠体内外有较强的抗菌作用。     

抗EB病毒口服液对EB病毒抗原表达的抑制作用及其细胞毒作用

目的 观察抗EB(Epstein-Barr)病毒口服液对EB病毒抗原表达的影响及对鼻咽癌CNE2细胞的细胞毒作用。方法 用间接荧光法测定抗EB病毒口服液对Raji细胞早期抗原(early antigen，EA)表达及B95-8细胞病毒壳抗原(virus capsid antigen，VCA)表达的影响；用MTT法测定其对鼻咽癌CNE2细胞的细胞毒作用。结果 抗EB病毒口服液在无毒的浓度下，对Raji细胞EB病毒EA抗原表达有较强的抑制作用，其IC50值为0．667mg／mL：对B95-8细胞EB病毒VCA抗原表达有较强的抑制作用。其IC50值为0．89mg／mL；对正丁酸钠激发的B95-8细胞EB病毒VCA抗原表达亦有较强的抑制作用，其IC50为1．1mg/mL。抗EB病毒口服液对人鼻咽癌细胞CNE2的IC50为7．57mg／mL。结论 抗EB病毒口服液能抑制EB病毒抗原的表达,在较高的浓度下对鼻咽癌细胞CNE2具细胞毒作用。     

热毒宁注射液对禽流感病毒的抑制作用

目的 观察热毒宁注射液对H5N1亚型禽流感病毒的抑制作用.方法 采用Klein-Defors悬浮方法 进行热毒宁注射液对H5N1亚型禽流感病毒的抑制作用试验,作用后以灭菌生理盐水对混合液进行10倍系列稀释,接种并检测感染鸡胚情况.结果 热毒宁注射液原液,1:5、1:10、1:20稀释液与10~(8.25) EID_(50) H5N1亚型禽流感病毒液作用10 min.病毒抑制率分别为99.82%、43.76%、0、0;与10~(8.25) EID_(50) H5N1亚型禽流感病毒液作用30min,病毒抑制率分别为100%、99.94%、32.39%、0.结论 热毒宁注射液原液对H5N1亚型禽流感病毒较好的抑制作用.     

黄芪对水痘──带状疱疹病毒抑制作用的研究

黄芪对水痘──带状疱疹病毒抑制作用的研究张美芳，徐汉卿，董晓慧西安医科大学第二临床医学院皮肤科（西安７１０００４）本实验采用细胞培养技术，对中草药黄芪在实验室内的抗水痘──带状疱疹病毒（ＶＺＶ）作用进行了研究，现报道如下。１实验材料１．１人胚肺纤维母...     

桑叶乙醇提取物体外对呼吸道合胞病毒的抑制作用

目的:研究桑叶体外对呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)的作用。方法:采用细胞培养技术,将51.2 g·L-1桑叶液(70%乙醇提取物)倍比稀释后与密度为1.0×104/m L Hep-2细胞作用72 h,观察细胞病变效应(CPE),通过MTT法测定半数中毒浓度(TC50)。不同浓度桑叶液、Hep-2细胞与0.01 m L 100 TCID50RSV作用1,2 h后,测定其半数抑制浓度(IC50)和抗病毒指数(TI),以利巴韦林为阳性对照,评判桑叶抗RSV效果。结果:桑叶质量浓度在0.01~12.8 g·L-1,对RSV的抑制率表现出量效关系,TC506.56 g·L-1,IC501.015 g·L-1,TI 6.46。桑叶体外有抗RSV作用,比利巴韦林毒性小,抗病毒指数大,安全范围大(P<0.05)。结论:桑叶对RSV有明显的抑制作用,既能抑制RSV的吸附和生物合成,又能直接杀死病毒。     

清肺口服液对呼吸道合胞病毒抑制作用的血清药理学实验研究

目的:评价清肺口服液抗呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)的抑制作用及其量效作用。方法:以利巴韦林为对照组,采用MTT法,观察清肺口服液不同给药剂量对RSV的拮抗作用。结果:清肺口服液具有明显抗RSV的作用,与利巴韦林无显著性差异。结论:清肺口服液可以拮抗RSV病毒,是治疗RSV感染的有效复方制剂。     

054藏药对病毒聚合酶的抑制作用

为了从民族药中筛选新的抗病毒药，探讨了76种藏药对HIV逆转录酶(RTase)和HCV的RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶(RdRp)的抑制作用。     

截哮口服液对呼吸道合胞病毒的抑制作用研究

目的：观察截哮口服液对呼吸道合胞病毒复制的抑制作用.方法：将呼吸道合胞病毒接种于Hela细胞单层增殖,测定截哮口服液对细胞最低无毒浓度.取不同浓度的药液加入病毒,观察在细胞单层上的空斑形成以判定病毒产量.结果：截哮口服液使呼吸道合胞病毒产量减少,药物浓度的高低与病毒产量的高低呈明显的负相关（rs=-1,P＜0.05）;其对RSV有直接灭活作用,且能影响病毒的吸附与吸附后的复制过程.结论：截哮口服液在Hela细胞中对呼吸道合胞病毒的复制有抑制作用.     

普济煎液对EB病毒抗原表达的抑制作用

目的:观察普济煎液对EB病毒早期抗原及壳抗原表达的抑制作用。方法:用间接萤光法测定普济煎液对Raji细胞EB病毒早期抗原及B95-8细胞EB病毒壳抗原表达的抑制作用。计算抑制率(IR)=(对照组阳性细胞百分率-药物处理组阳性细胞百分率)/对照组阳性细胞百分率×100%。结果:普济煎液对Raji细胞EB病毒早期抗原及B95-8细胞EB病毒壳抗原表达均有抑制作用,且抑制作用随浓度的增加而增强。结论:普济煎液对EB病毒早期抗原及壳抗原表达有一定抑制作用。     

截哮口服液对呼吸道合胞病毒的抑制作用研究

目的:观察截哮口服液对呼吸道合胞病毒复制的抑制作用。方法:将呼吸道合胞病毒接种于Hela细胞单层增殖,测定截哮口服液对细胞最低无毒浓度。取不同浓度的药液加入病毒,观察在细胞单层上的空斑形成以判定病毒产量。结果:截哮口服液使呼吸道合胞病毒产量减少,药物浓度的高低与病毒产量的高低呈明显的负相关(rs=-1,P<0.05);其对RSV有直接灭活作用,且能影响病毒的吸附与吸附后的复制过程。结论:截哮口服液在Hela细胞中对呼吸道合胞病毒的复制有抑制作用。     

In vivo and in vitro effect of latex of Calotropis procera on gastrointestinal smooth muscles

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dry latex (DL) of Calotropis procera on smooth muscles of gastrointestinal tract. Oral administration of DL to rats (50-1000 mg/kg) produced a dose-dependent decrease in intestinal transit along with a decrease in intestinal content as compared to control group. At lower doses DL produced dose-dependent contractions of gastrointestinal smooth muscles in vitro (rabbit ileum and fundus of rat stomach) that was followed by desensitization at higher doses.     

In vitro and in vivo activity of eugenol on human herpesvirus

Eugenol (4-allyl-1-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzene) was tested for antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 viruses. In vitro, it was found that the replication of these viruses was inhibited in the presence of this compound. Inhibitory concentration 50% values for the anti-HSV effects of eugenol were 25.6 microg/mL and 16.2 microg/mL for HSV-1 and HSV-2 respectively, 250 microg/mL being the maximum dose at which cytotoxicity was tested. Eugenol was virucidal and showed no cytotoxicity at the concentrations tested. Eugenol-acyclovir combinations synergistically inhibited herpesvirus replication in vitro. Topical application of eugenol delayed the development of herpesvirus induced keratitis in the mouse model.     

土槿皮等5种中药及其不同组合抗糠秕马拉色菌的体外药敏试验研究

目的测定土槿皮、侧柏叶、苦参、丁香、肉桂及其不同组合对糠秕马拉色菌的最小抑菌浓度,观察其体外抑菌效果。方法参照美国国家临床实验室标准化委员会制订的M27-A方案中酵母菌微量稀释法,在此基础上进行改良,采用含油的培养基作为药敏试验的液基,制备微量药敏板,对糠秕马拉色菌进行体外药敏试验。结果最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)依次为:5种中药混合液(槿柏洗剂):5.5 mg/m L,土槿皮+侧柏叶+苦参+丁香:16 mg/m L,土槿皮+侧柏叶+苦参:8.5 mg/m L,丁香+肉桂:9 mg/m L,土槿皮:10 mg/m L。结论相比于各单味药及不同组合,槿柏洗剂全方MIC为最小,5种中药及其不同组合混合液均有抑制糠秕马拉色菌生长的作用。     

In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of neoandrographolide

Neoandrographolide, one of the principal diterpene lactones, isolated from a medicinal herb Andrographis paniculata Nees, was tested in vivo and in vitro for its anti-inflammatory activities and mechanism. Oral administration of neoandrographolide (150 mg/kg) significantly suppressed ear edema induced by dimethyl benzene in mice. Oral administration of neoandrographolide (100-150 mg/kg) also reduced the increase in vascular permeability induced by acetic acid in mice. In vitro studies were performed using the macrophage cell line RAW264.7 to study the effect of neoandrographolide on suppressing phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated respiratory bursts and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Respiratory bursts were quantified by chemiluminescence (CL) measurements.Results showed that neoandrographolide suppressed PMA-stimulated respiratory bursts dose-dependently from 30 muM to 150 muM. Neoandrographolide also inhibited NO and TNF-alpha production in LPS-induced macrophages, contributing to the anti-inflammatory activity of A. paniculata. These results indicate that neoandrographolide possesses significant anti-inflammatory effects, which implies that it would be one of the major contributing components to participate in the anti-inflammatory effect of A. paniculata. and a potential candidate for further clinical trial.     

感冒方体内外抗菌作用的研究

目的探讨感冒方治疗上呼吸道感染的作用机制。方法通过体内外抗菌实验,观察感冒方的抗菌作用。结果感冒方体外对标准菌株金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和临床分离菌株金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、表皮葡萄球菌、中葡萄球菌、溶葡萄球菌、乙型链球菌具有一定的抑菌作用,MIC 0.075~0.2 g/mL,体内可延长金黄色葡萄球菌感染小鼠的存活时间和减少感染小鼠的病死率,对肺炎双球菌感染小鼠可提高感染小鼠的存活率。结论感冒方具有较好抗菌作用。     

粗毛豚草素的抗肿瘤活性研究

目的:研究艾蒿提取物粗毛豚草素(hispidulin,HPDL)的抗肿瘤作用。方法:采用MTT法检测HPDL对体外培养的3种人肿瘤细胞增殖的抑制作用;体内试验采用小鼠实体瘤S180、肝癌H22细胞株接种小鼠,然后连续给药10d,计算抑瘤率。结果:HPDL在30～100μg/ml剂量范围内对3种肿瘤细胞均有抑制作用,且呈剂量依赖关系(r=0.985,P<0.01);体内试验小鼠分别灌胃给予2.5、5、10mg/kg3个剂量的HPDL,对接种的实体瘤S180、肝癌H22细胞株的抑瘤率分别为25.7%～67.7%和33.8%～75.6%。结论:HPDL对体外培养的人肿瘤细胞和接种的小鼠肿瘤具有明显抑制作用。     

In vivo and in vitro antimalarial activity of 4-nerolidylcatechol

4‐Nerolidylcatechol (4‐NC) isolated from Piper peltatum L. (Piperaceae) was evaluated for in vitro antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (cultures of both standard CQR (K1) and CQS (3D7) strains and two Amazonian field isolates) and for in vivo antimalarial activity using the Plasmodium berghei‐murine model. 4‐NC exhibits significant in vitro and moderate in vivo antiplasmodial activity. 4‐NC administered orally and subcutaneously at doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg/day suppressed the growth of P. berghei by up to 63% after four daily treatments (days 1–4). Also, 4‐NC exhibited important in vitro antiplasmodial activity against both standard and field P. falciparum strains in which 50% inhibition of parasite growth (IC₅₀) was produced at concentrations of 0.05–2.11 μg/mL and depended upon the parasite strain. Interestingly, healthy (non‐infected) mice that received 4‐NC orally presented (denatured) blood plasma which exhibited significant in vitro activity against P. falciparum. This is evidence that mouse metabolism allows 4‐NC or active metabolites to enter the blood. Further chemical and pharmacological studies are necessary to confirm the potential of 4‐NC as a new antimalarial prototype. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

藤茶复方体内外抗肿瘤实验研究

目的 :观察藤茶复方在体内外对肿瘤的影响作用。方法:采用U14实体瘤、H22腹水瘤模型观察藤茶复方体内抗肿瘤作用。应用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法研究藤茶复方对肿瘤细胞体外增殖的影响。结果:藤茶复方对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7有较强的体外增殖抑制作用,且剂量依赖性明显,抑制率随着药物浓度增大而增大,72h半数抑制浓度IC50为37.34μg/ml;藤茶复方能抑制U14实体瘤小鼠的肿瘤生长,抑制率为36.08%;能延长H22腹水瘤小鼠生存时间,生命延长率为51.2%,与模型对照组相比均有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:藤茶复方在体外对人乳腺癌MCF-7有明显的抑制作用;在体内对U14肿瘤、H22腹水瘤的生长均有一定的抑制作用。     

In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory potential of Cryptolepis buchanani

Cryptolepis buchanani Roem. & Schult. (Asclepiadaceae), a climbing tree, is used as folk medicine in southeast Asia. In Thailand, the stem of this plant is traditionally used for the treatment of inflammation, including arthritis, and muscle and joint pain. In the current study, the potential anti-inflammatory activity of a 50% ethanol extract of this plant was evaluated in a number of experimental models. For anti-acute inflammatory activity, results showed that the extract caused reduction of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema in addition to significant reduction of eicosanoid production from calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated rat peritoneal leukocytes. In a test for anti-chronic inflammatory potential utilizing the cotton thread-induced granuloma, the extract caused significant lowering of granulation tissue formation. The reduction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release from LPS-stimulated human monocytic cell line (THP-1) was also demonstrated in cells that were pre-incubated with the extract. An additional important feature of Cryptolepis buchanani is its low toxicity, especially by oral treatment, which significantly encourages clinical trials of this extract in the human. In conclusion, the results give scientific support to the traditional use of this plant for combating inflammation. Further investigations are required to identify the active constituents responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of Cryptolepis buchanani. Subacute and chronic toxicological studies in animals are also needed before clinical trials.