经动脉持续灌注化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的临床分析

 目的 比较经动脉持续灌注化疗和全身静脉化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的临床疗效，探讨选择性动脉持续灌注化疗的临床应用价值。方法 51例中晚期胰腺癌，其中25例采用经动脉持续灌注吉西他滨和5-Fu方案，26例采用经外周静脉灌注吉西他滨和5-Fu方案。应用世界卫生组织实体瘤疗效评定标准评价疗效，肿瘤体积测量采用MRI或CT。使用临床受益反应（CBR）对疼痛、体力状况及体重改变情况作出综合评价。采用WH0抗肿瘤药物急性与亚急性毒性分级标准对不良反应进行评价。结果 动脉灌注化疗组的有效率（32．0％）高于外周静脉化疗组（23．1％），但差异无显著性。动脉灌注化疗组的临床受益率（80．0%）高于外周静脉化疗组（50．0％），差异有显著性。6个月、9个月、1年的累积生存率和中位生存时间，动脉灌注化疗组高于外周静脉化疗组，差异有显著性。按WHO分级标准，两组患者不良反应之间无显著性的差异。结论 经动脉持续灌注吉西他滨和5-Fu较外周静脉灌注吉西他滨和5-Fu能提高中晚期胰腺癌的临床受益率和生存期，其方法安全可靠，且不良反应少。     

吉西他滨联合氟尿嘧啶动静脉给药治疗晚期胰腺癌的临床观察

目的采用吉西他滨联合氟尿嘧啶动静脉给药治疗晚期胰腺癌，观察疗效，生存时间及不良反应。方法11例晚期胰腺癌患者第1天经肝动脉及肠系膜上动脉灌注吉西他滨1000mg／m^25-FU600mg／m^2，CF100mg；第2～5天外周静脉给药CF100mg(2小时)5-FU600mg／m^2(4小时)，第8天外周静脉给药吉西他滨1000mg／m^2(30分钟)3周一次，3个疗程。结果客观有效率27．3％，临床获益率81．8％；疼痛缓解率达81．8％。中位生存期11个月，其中12个月以上45．5％，24个月以上18．2％。主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制，脱发及消化道反应。结论吉西他滨联合氟尿嘧啶动静脉给药治疗晚期胰腺癌，在改善症状，延长生存期方面效果肯定，不良反应能耐受。     

经动脉药盒输注吉西他滨治疗37例晚期胰腺癌

目的：评价经动脉药盒输注吉西他滨对未经其他治疗的晚期胰腺癌的疗效。方法：57例均经手术探查未能切除并经病理证实为胰腺癌患者，采用介入的方法植入德国贝朗公司的Implantofix药盒，9例经左锁骨下动脉将药盒植入于左胸壁皮下，48例经右股动脉将药盒植入于右下腹股沟部。治疗组首次疗程总量分3次注入吉西他滨3.0g，氟尿嘧啶3.0g，白细胞介素－2600万U。对照组仅不输注吉西他滨。结果：57例介入药盒均植入成功，留置管通畅率达100％，留置管滑脱率为0％，2例老年肥胖女性患者右腹股沟部切口愈合不良而于术后2个月拔除药盒。57例按照胰腺癌患者临床受益反应的评价标准，分为治疗组（37例）、对照组（20例）。本研究主要疗效评估指标（临床受益反应）治疗组比对照组有效。27．2％的治疗组患者获疼痛程度、止痛剂用量的显著而持久的改善，而对照组为4.8%(P=0.0022)。临床受益反应持续时间治疗组18周，对照组13周。治疗组的中位生存期6.25个月，对照组为4.41个月，具有统计学意义（P＝0．0025）。治疗组6个月、9个月及12个月的生存率分别为46％、24％和18％，高于对照组的31％、6％和2％。结论：经动脉药盒输注吉西他滨对晚期胰腺癌有明显的缓解疼痛、延长生存期的作用，并为晚期患者提供了长期动脉内化疗灌注的良好、有效的途径。     

选择性动脉插管持续灌注化疗治疗晚期胰腺癌的疗效分析

背景与目的：晚期胰腺癌化学治疗效果差。本研究目的是探讨选择性动脉插管持续灌注化疗治疗晚期胰腺癌的临床疗效与应用价值。方法：20例晚期胰腺癌经选择性动脉插管持续灌注化疗。采用Seldinger技术经股动脉插管留置导管12例,经左锁骨下动脉插管植入药盒导管系统8例。导管选择至肿瘤供血动脉持续灌注化疗药物。9例采用THP-ADM HCPT 5-FU／CF方案,11例采用GEM CBP 5-FU／CF方案,4天为一疗程。4～6周重复1次疗程。治疗后观察客观缓解率、临床受益疗效(CBR)和病人的生存时间。结果：客观缓解率10％(CR、PR各1例),临床受益疗效70．0％,6个月及9个月生存率分别为58．8％和39．2％,中位生存期8．8个月。无出现插管合并症。结论：选择性动脉插管持续灌注化疗治疗晚期胰腺癌安全可靠。临床受益疗效良好,可提高患者的生存质量和生存期。值得临床进一步观察研究。     

动脉灌注结合全身静脉化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的临床观察

目的:观察动脉灌注结合全身静脉化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的疗效。方法:对12例中晚期胰腺癌患者选择性给予腹腔干动脉和/或肠系膜上动脉灌注吉西他滨和5-氟尿嘧啶,第8天再给予吉西他滨全身静脉化疗。3周为1个治疗周期,完成两个周期后复查CT评价疗效,观察临床受益反应、有效率、生存期及毒副反应。结果:全组患者临床受益率66.7%,有效率(CR PR)16.7%,中位生存时间6.7个月,6个月及9个月累积生存率分别为59.4%、29.6%。毒副反应多为Ⅰ°～Ⅱ°均能耐受。结论:动脉灌注结合全身静脉化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌可获得较好的疗效,提高生存质量,毒副反应较小,值得临床推广应用。     

晚期胰腺癌动脉灌注化疗结合三维适形放疗的疗效分析

目的：观察手术不能切除的晚期胰腺癌动脉灌注化疗结合三维适形放疗的疗效。方法：对47例晚期胰腺癌患者先给予动脉灌注健择1800mg、5-FU1000mg，1周后给予三维适形放疗DT30～50Gy／10～25F。结果：全组患者有效率(CR PR)为48％，，临床症状缓解率为82％，中位生存期10．2个月。结论：动脉灌注化疗结合三维适形放疗是治疗晚期胰腺癌的一个安全有效的方法。     

高能聚焦超声联合介入化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌临床观察

目的观察高能聚焦超声（HIFU）联合介入化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的近期疗效。方法31例晚期胰腺癌给予HIFU治疗,同步给予介入化疗。结果31例患者均可评价疗效,临床受益指数达到93．5％。肿瘤体积变化CR1例、PR9例、NC18例、PD3例。1、2年生存率分别为85．3％、51．5％,中位生存期16．8月。结论HIFU＋介入化疗方案治疗中晚期胰腺癌痛苦少,临床受益指数高,生存期延长,无明显的不良反应。     

双周超常规剂量吉西他滨治疗43例转移性胰腺癌的疗效观察

目的 探讨超常规剂量吉西他滨用于转移性胰腺癌的疗效.方法 43例转移性胰腺癌患者均接受了第1天和第15天1400 mg/m2吉西他滨的4周方案治疗,除疾病进展持续治疗6个月.疗效评价通过客观有效率、无进展生存、总生存以及临床受益反应等指标进行评价.结果 在43例接受客观评价的患者中,1例达完全缓解,8例达部分缓解,总有效率为21％;另外18例（42％）达到疾病稳定,16例（37％）出现疾病进展.中位进展期为5.3个月,中位生存期8.8个月.可通过临床受益反应评估的36例有症状的患者中,16例（44％）症状明显减轻.中位临床受益反应时间为6周,其中位持续时间为27周.化疗主要的不良反应为白细胞/中性粒细胞减少症.胃肠道反应及其他主观不良反应较少见且通常比较轻微.结论 双周超常规剂量吉西他滨治疗晚期胰腺癌是一种安全、可耐受、有效的治疗方案.     

吉西他滨固定剂量率输注治疗胰腺癌的研究进展

目的：总结国内外吉西他滨固定剂量率（FDR）输注治疗胰腺癌的研究进展,探讨其临床应用前景。方法：检索数据库PubMed、CNKI、万方及中国生物医学文献数据库2000—01—2011—12文献,以“吉西他滨、固定剂量率、胰腺癌”等为关键词,不限定发表时间和语言;纳入研究FDR吉西他滨的基础研究、临床试验、综述和meta分析,共检索到文献253篇。符合纳入标准的文献26篇。纳入标准：1）：比较吉西他滨FDR输注与标准输注的临床研究和Meta分析;2）：吉西他滨FDR输注药理学的研究。结果：药理学研究已证明FDR吉西他滨可使细胞内有活性的吉西他滨三磷酸盐达到最佳的蓄积速度。随机对照试验发现,相较于标准输注,FDR可以改善胰腺癌患者的生存结果,但血液系统毒性反应发生率较高。近年来的一些I搭床试验中,FDR吉西他滨单药或者联合其他化疗药物均有较好的生存结果,而且使用较小剂量时血液系统毒性也相应减少。结论：FDR吉西他滨可以提高胰腺癌患者的生存期,同时血液系统毒性反应发生率较高。     

术中放疗联合区域动脉灌注治疗局部晚期胰腺癌

目的：评价术中放疗联合区域动脉灌注治疗局部晚期胰腺癌的效果。方法：17例局部晚期胰腺癌减黄手术时行术中放疗(IORT)，胃网膜右动脉插管行5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu) 表阿霉素(EPI) 丝裂霉素(MMC)方案的区域灌注化疗，其中6例术后行外照射放疗。结果：疼痛缓解率70．59％(12／17)，临床受益指数35．29％(6／17)，局部病灶部分缓解23．53％(4／17)。中位生存11个月，1年生存率35．29％(6／17)。结论：IORT结合区域动脉灌注化疗毒副作用轻微，可明显提高临床受益率，延长生存期。     

动脉持续灌注化疗与静脉全身化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的疗效分析

Objective: To compare the curative effectiveness of continuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy and systemic venous chemotherapy in treating patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, and to evaluate the value of selective continuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy in treating advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods: Of the 51 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer receiving chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil, 25 patients were treated with selective continuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy, 26 were treated with systemic venous chemotherapy, and curative effectiveness was analyzed retrospectively. Curative effectiveness included tumor volume, clinical benefit response (CBR), acute and subacute toxic reactions of antitumor drugs, survival rate and median survival time. Results: The objective effective rate in transarterial group was 32.0% versus 23.1% in systemic group without any significant difference (P = 0.475). Clinical benefit rates in transarterial group and systemic group were 80.0% and 50.0% respectively (P = 0.025). The 6-, 9- and 12-month accumulated survival rates and median survival time in transarterial group were higher than those of the systemic group (P = 0.002), the differences were statistically significant. However, the adverse reactions between the two groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Compared with systemic chemotherapy, continuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil could improve clinical benefit rate and survival time of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, it is safe and reliable, and the adverse reactions is less.     

动脉持续灌注化疗与静脉全身化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的疗效分析

Objective: To compare the curative effectiveness of continuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy and systemic venous chemotherapy in treating patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, and to evaluate the value of selective continu-ous transarterial infusion chemotherapy in treating advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods: Of the 51 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer receiving chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil, 25 patients were treated with selective con-tinuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy, 26 were treated with systemic venous chemotherapy, and curative effective-ness was analyzed retrospectively. Curative effectiveness included tumor volume, clinical benefit response (CBR), acute and subacute toxic reactions of antitumor drugs, survival rate and median survival time. Results: The objective effective rate in transarterial group was 32.0% versus 23.1% in systemic group without any significant difference (P = 0.475). Clinical benefit rates in transarterial group and systemic group were 80.0% and 50.0% respectively (P = 0.025). The 6-, 9-and 12-month accumulated survival rates and median survival time in transarterial group were higher than those of the systemic group (P = 0.002), the differences were statistically significant. However, the adverse reactions between the two groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Compared with systemic chemotherapy, continuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil could improve clinical benefit rate and survival time of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, it is safe and reliable, and the adverse reactions is less.     

Continuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-Fluorouracil for advanced pancreatic carcinoma

Purpose: Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the most malignant tumors of the alimentary system, with relativelyhigh incidence rates. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of two regimens for advancedpancreatic carcinoma: continuous transarterial infusion versus systemic venous chemotherapy with gemcitabineand 5-fluorouracil. Methods: Of the 48 patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma receiving chemotherapy withgemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil, 24 received the selective transarterial infusion, and 24 the systemic chemotherapy.For the continuous transarterial infusion group (experimental group), all patients received gemcitabine 1000mg/m2,given by 30-minute transarterial infusion, on day 1 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles, and a dose of 600 mg/m2 5-fluorouracil was infused on days 1~5 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles. For the systemic venous group (controlgroup), gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil were infused through a peripheral vein, a dose of 1000 mg/m2 gemcitabinebeing administrated over 30 min on days 1 and 8 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles, and a dose of 600 mg/m25-fluorouracil was infused on days 1~5 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles. The effectiveness and safety were evaluatedafter 2 cyclesaccording to WHO criteria. Results:The objective effective rate in transarterial group was 33.3%versus 25% in the systemic group, the difference not being significant (P=0.626). Clinical benefit rates(CBR) inthe transarterial and systemic groups were 83.3% and 58.3%, respectively (P=0.014). The means and mediansfor survival time in transarterial group were higher than those of the systemic group (P < 0.005). at the sametime, the adverse effects did not significantly differ between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Continuoustransarterial infusion chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil could improve clinical benefit rate andsurvival time of patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma, compared with systemic venous chemotherapy.Since adverse effects were limited in the transarterial group, the regimen of continuous transarterial infusionchemotherapy can be used more extensively in clinical practice. A CT and MRI conventional sequence can beused for efficacy evaluation after chemotherapy in pancreatic carcinoma.     

A Phase I trial of arterial infusion chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil for unresectable advanced pancreatic cancer after vascular supply distribution via superselective embolization

Background: We previously reported that arterial infusion chemotherapy improvedthe response rate and survival of the patients with pancreaticcancer at advanced stages in an open trial. We conducted a PhaseI trial of arterial infusion chemotherapy with gemcitabine and5-fluorouracil for advanced pancreatic cancer after vascularsupply distribution via superselective embolization. Methods: Patients were treated after arterial embolization for hemodynamicchange to restrict the blood flow into the pancreas (mainlyto the great pancreatic artery and the caudal pancreatic artery).Arterial infusion chemotherapy consisted of gemcitabine in dosesthat were increased from 600 to 1000 mg/m² in subsequent cohortson Day 1 plus continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil 300 mg/m²/dayon Days 1–5 every 2 weeks. Result: Twelve patients were enrolled. The maximum tolerated dose ofgemcitabine was determined to be Level 3 (1000 mg/m²). Onlyvery mild hematological and non-hematological toxicities werenoted. The overall response rate was 33.3%. The median survivaltime was 22.7 (95% CI; 9.5–24.5) months and the 1- and2-year overall survival rates were 83.3 and 25.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Arterial infusion chemotherapy using 1000 mg/m² gemcitabineon Day 1 and 300 mg/m²/day 5-fluorouracil on Days 1–5every 2 weeks warrants a Phase II study.     

5-FU加CF双周疗法联合腹腔化疗治疗晚期胃癌临床观察

目的:探讨5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU) 醛氢叶酸(CF)双周疗法联合顺铂(DDP)、依托泊苷(Vp-16)腹腔化疗治疗晚期胃癌的疗效及不良反应。方法:103例患者按数字随机法分两组。观察组54例:CF200mg/m2,静脉滴入,后经留置中心静脉导管48h持续灌注高浓度5-FU3g/m2,腹腔化疗DDP80mg/m2、Vp-16200mg/m2,每2周重复。对照组49例:CF200mg/d、5-FU500mg/(m2·d),静脉滴入,d1~d5,DDP20mg/(m2·d)、Vp-1670mg/(m2·d),静脉滴入,d1~d4,每3周重复。结果:观察组和对照组有效率分别为64·8%和44·9%,KPS评分增高率分别为74·1%和53·1%,中位生存期分别为13和8·5个月,1年生存率分别为48·1%、38·8%,有效率及KPS评分增高率差异有统计学意义,P<0·05。两组骨髓毒性及消化道反应相似,P>0·05,观察组静脉炎、口腔黏膜炎明显减轻。结论:5-FU CF双周疗法联合腹腔化疗对晚期胃癌有效率高,不良反应较轻,生存质量提高。     

Clinical benefit response of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with protracted 5-fluorouracil infusion in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer

Background Pancreatic cancer is a highly virulent disease with a poor prognosis. Although objective tumor response to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy is low, some patients show an improvement in their symptoms after treatments, without obvious tumor regression. Methods We assessed the clinical benefit of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with protracted 5-fluorouracil infusion in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Sixteen patients were enrolled in this study. The clinical benefit response to the chemoradiotherapy was evaluated by 2 indicators, including pain (intensity of pain and consumption of morphine) and performance status. A patient was defined to be a clinical benefit responder if 1 of these 2 variables was positive, and the other variable was positive or stable. Results Seven patients (44%) responded. Six patients (38%) were classified as stable, and 3 (19%) as nonresponders. The survival period in responders was significantly longer than that in nonresponders and stable patients. Conclusion Concurrent external-beam radiation therapy, with protracted 5-fluorouracil infusion, may be a meaningful treatment for locally advanced pancreatic cancer.     

Phase II study of gemcitabine combined with uracil-tegafur in metastatic pancreatic cancer

OBJECTIVE: The single agent gemcitabine is the standard first-line treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer. Recent studies of a combination of gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) revealed that survival data were superior to those with gemcitabine or 5-FU alone. The administration of oral uracil-tegafur (UFT) is more convenient and simulates the effect of a continuous or protracted infusion of 5-FU. Therefore, we conducted a phase II study of gemcitabine combined with UFT in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients and assessed the efficacy and the toxicity of the regimen. METHODS: Twenty-two pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients (18 males, 4 females) were enrolled from December 2000 to September 2002. The regimen consisted of gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m(2) once weekly for 3 consecutive weeks, and oral UFT 390 mg/m(2)/day (in 3 divided doses) on days 1-14. The cycle was repeated every 28 days. The objective tumor response was evaluated after 2 courses of chemotherapy. RESULTS: 82 cycles were administered in total, with a median of 3 cycles per patient (range 1-6 cycles). The median age was 52 years (range 28-69 years). Response to treatment could be assessed in all patients. The objective response rate was 22.7% (95% CI, 7.8-45.4) with no complete response and 5 partial responses. Four patients (18.2%) had stable disease and 13 patients (59.1%) had a progression. The median time to progression was 4.2 months (range 0.9-13.6). The median overall survival was 5.8 months (range 0.5-13.6). Of 10 patients eligible for the assessment of clinical benefit response, 4 (40%, 95% CI 12.2-73.8) showed clinical benefit. Among 21 patients with baseline CA 19-9 levels, CA 19-9 was reduced by 50% or more in 12 patients (57.1%). The chemotherapy was generally well tolerated and the most common grade 3-4 toxic side effects were neutropenia (18.2%), anemia (4.5%), and diarrhea (4.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine and UFT in metastatic pancreatic cancer was tolerable for most patients but showed modest response rates and clinical benefit. However, a randomized phase III study should be conducted in order to further test the efficacy of the regimen.     

药盒埋置持续性动脉灌注化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的临床研究

 目的　评价药盒埋置持续性动脉灌注化疗治疗中晚期胰腺癌的临床效果。方法　采用左锁骨下动脉药盒埋置持续性动脉灌注化疗治疗的 2 5例胰腺癌患者为介入治疗组 ,同期接受全身化疗的 2 8例胰腺癌患者为全身化疗组 ,两组均给予健择 +5 氟尿嘧啶方案 ,比较两组临床受益反应、肿瘤大小变化、患者生存情况以及毒副反应。结果　介入治疗组和全身化疗组临床受益率分别为 5 2 .0 %和 2 1.4 %(P <0 .0 5 ) ;总有效率 (CR +PR)分别为 16 .0 %和 10 .7% (P >0 .0 5 ) ;中位生存时间分别为 8.1个月和 6 .8个月 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,半年累积生存率分别为 79.4 %和 5 2 .3% (P <0 .0 5 ) ;1年累积生存率分别为 35 .7%和31.5 % (P >0 .0 5 )。毒副反应以胃肠道反应为主 ,无Ⅲ度以上的血液学、胃肠道及肝肾功能的毒副反应。结论　药盒埋置持续性动脉灌注化疗可以提高中晚期胰腺癌的临床受益率和短期生存率