白血病细胞钠,钾腺苷三磷酸酶活性的实验观察

应用“铷示踪法测定小鼠淋巴白血病细胞(P_3细胞)和人慢性粒细胞白血病细胞(K_(62)细胞)的钠钾转运活性,并同其各自相应正常组织细胞进行比较,发现此二种肿瘤细胞的钠,钾腺苷三磷酸酶(Na~+,K~+-ATP酶)转运活性(41.178±5.312和55.124±9.756nmol K~+/10~6 cells/h)远较正常细胞(5.615±2.879和15.911±3.913nmol K~+/10~6 cells/h)为高(P<0.001),而非Na~+,K~+-ATP酶转运活性(14.521±2.224和89.034±11.428nmol K~+/10~6 cells/h)与正常细胞(13.041±4.480和91.700±19.128nmol K~+/10~6 cells/h)无明显差异。证明此二种白血病细胞具有高Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活性的特征。     

白血病小鼠(L7811)红细胞膜Na~+、K~+、Mg~(++)-ATP酶活性的测定

我们对白血病小鼠(L_(7811))及其接种传代的正常615纯系小鼠红细胞膜Na~+、K~+、Mg~(++)-ATP酶催化ATP生成ADP产生的无机磷进行测定比较,发现L_(7811)小鼠红细胞膜Na~+、K~+、Mg~(++)-ATP酶活性明显低于正常     

大鼠烫伤后小肠氨基酸吸收的变化

烫伤体表面积37％Ⅲ°的大鼠组,于伤后第三天断头致死,其小肠外翻囊3~H-脯氨酸吸收比值(1.87±0.27),较对照组的吸收比值(2.35±0.49)显著降低(P<0.05),同时烫伤组小肠粘膜ATP酶活性5.61±2.27nmole/min/mg蛋白质,Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活性2.86±0.83nmole/min/mg蛋白质,对照组小肠粘膜ATP酶活性9.63±1.04nmole/min/mg蛋白质,Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活性5.36±0.95nmole/min/mg蛋白质,两组比较不论是ATP酶或Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活性降低都非常显著(P<0.001)。对照组氨基酸吸收比值与小肠粘膜Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活性呈正相关,相关系数r=0.744,P(1)<0.025,烫伤组氨基酸吸收比值与小肠粘膜Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活性也呈正相关关系,相关系数r=0.776,P(1)<0.025,表明烫伤组氨基酸吸收比值下降,可能由于Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活性降低所致。     

人参茎叶皂甙对离体兔脑钠、钾——三磷酸腺苷酶活力的影响

本文报道人参茎叶皂甙对离体兔脑Na~+、K~+—ATP酶的抑制作用,探讨了其作用的方式,并比较了人参茎叶皂甙与氯丙嗪对Na~+,K~+—ATP酶活力的影响。结果表明人参茎叶皂甙对脑内Na~+,K~+—ATP酶有明显的抑制作用,其抑制方式为反竞争性抑制,半抑制浓度(IC_(50))为8.0×10~(-4)克,并具有和氯丙嗪相似的抑制脑内Na~+,K~+-ATP酶的作用。但从分子水平解释人参茎叶皂甙抑制脑内Na~+,K~+-ATP酶的作用机制尚待进一步研究。     

促红细胞生成素对慢性肾衰腹透患者红细胞质量的影响

为了探讨重组促红细胞生成素(rHuEPO)治疗慢性肾功能衰竭贫血患者的红细胞质量改变,选择38例CRF腹透贫血患者,20例应用rHuEPO治疗,18例应用输血治疗,分别观察两组治疗前、后血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞压积(Hct)、脂质过氧化物(LPO)、超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)和Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活性变化以及分析Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活性与LPO、SOD之间相关性。结果显示,治疗后两组Hb、Hct均显著升高,rHuEPO组LPO显著下降(P<0.05),SOD和Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活性差异不显著,并且Na~+,K~+-ATP酶与LPO水平呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与SOD活性呈正相关(P<0.05)。提示rHuEPO、输血均能纠正CRF患者贫血,增加红细胞数量,前者并能改善红细胞质量,但后者不能。     

不同氧压高压氧对急性脑缺血组织Na~+、K~+、-ATP酶活力的影响

利用蒙古种沙土鼠(Mongolian Gerbil)制成急性脑缺血动物模型,观察了缺血后脑组织Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活力的改变。结果表明:脑缺血60min后重灌流80min的脑组织Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活力显著下降(Po.05)。从而提示,高压氧治疗脑水肿机制是通过恢复脑组织Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活力、恢复细胞内外离子分布而实现。     

流行性出血热患者红细胞膜Na~+、K~+-ATP酶活性及胞内Na~+、K~+含量变化

本文测定30例健康人和76例流行性出血热(EHF)患者红细胞膜Na~+·K~+-ATP酶活性及胞内Na~+、K~+含量。结果表明EHF患者各期红细胞膜Na~+·K~+-ATP酶活性均低于健康对照,低血压少尿期最为明显。同时还发现Na~+·K~+-ATP酶活性降低与病情程度有关,病情越重,其活性越低。与Na~+·K~+-ATP酶活性降低的同时,胞内Na~+含量增高,K~+浓度降低,Na~+·K~+-ATP酶活性与胞内Na~+呈负相关,与胞内K~+呈正相关。研究EHFNa~+·K~+-ATP酶有助于进一步阐明其发病机理并为临床治疗提供参考依据。     

红豆杉细胞提取物抑制肿瘤细胞增殖及诱导凋亡的实验研究

目的 研究红豆杉细胞提取物对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的生长抑制作用及其机制。方法 运用台盼蓝拒染法测定肿瘤细胞生长曲线，流式细胞仪和Giemsa染色分析肿瘤细胞周期和细胞凋亡。结果 红豆杉细胞二氯甲烷提取物对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的生长有明显的抑制作用，流式细胞仪分析发现G2／M期肿瘤细胞数量增多，经Giemsa染色发现肿瘤细胞有凋亡发生。结论 红豆杉细胞提取物可以通过诱导细胞发生凋亡而抑制肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的生长。     

大鼠心肌细胞Na~ -K~ -ATP酶的细胞化学定位及异丙基肾上腺素的影响

用Mayahara改良法检出质膜Na~ -K~ -ATP酶活性,以对-硝基苯酚磷酸盐(P-NPP)为底物,检出K~ 依赖、硅巴因敏感,参与Na~ -K~ -ATP酶系统中第二步脱磷酸作用的对-硝基苯酚磷酸酶(K~ -NPP酶),用以反映Na~ -K~ -ATP酶活性的存在部位。实验证实此方法特异性强,非特异沉淀干扰少,为研究Na~ -K~ -ATP酶亚细胞定位的一种好方法。应用此法观察到过量异丙基肾上腺素(ISO)能抑制心肌细胞质膜Na~ -K~ -ATP酶活性;钙拮抗剂异搏定与ISO同时应用能保护Na~ -K~ -ATP酶活性。文中分析了Na~ -K~ -ATP酶活性与Ca~(2 )浓度变化的关系。     

再生障碍性贫血红细胞膜(Na~+·K~+)-ATP酶活性变化

用酶学比色法测定10例再生障碍性贫血慢性期患者红细胞膜(Na~+·K~+)-ATP酶活性,结果为每小时2.577±0.86微克分子磷/毫克蛋白(均值±标准差),明显高于正常组。红细胞膜(Na~+·K~+)-ATP酶活性与糖酵解相偶联。再障慢性期(Na~+·K~+)-ATP酶活性升高,可作为病情变化的辅助指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.