骨髓造血细胞移植在大鼠炎性反应肠道和正常脏器定植对照

目的 探讨骨髓造血细胞(HC)移植在大鼠实验性结肠炎(EC)模型的炎性反应肠管和正常脏器的定植情况.方法 健康雌性SD大鼠54只,完全随机分为移植组(A组)、模型对照组(B组)和非模型对照组(C组),每组均为18只.A组和B组采用三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)法建立EC模型,C组用生理盐水灌肠.用悬浮培养法在体外培养获得雄性SD大鼠的HC,移植前24 h用5-溴-2-脱氧尿嘧啶(BrdU)标记HC.A组造模后24 h将含HC的细胞悬液经尾静脉注入大鼠体内;B、C组则同法注射生理盐水作对照.每组于移植后第7天、第14天及第2l天处死大鼠各6只,取全段结肠及肝脏、胃、胰腺组织送检,用免疫组化方法检测HC的定植情况.结果 BrdU阳性细胞在A组结肠组织各时间段均有定植(100%),移植后第14天和第2l天的病变区阳性细胞比例显著高于同时间段非病变区(P<0.05).A组的18例肝组织中有3例亦可检测到BrdU阳性细胞(16.7%).而胃、胰腺组织未检测到阳性细胞,两对照组均阴性.结论 同种异体HC移植能在EC大鼠模型的肠道及肝脏中定植,HC的定植与EC病变的严重程度和局部血供丰富情况均有关系.     

心肌及冠状动脉内移植骨髓单个核细胞对猪缺血心肌侧支血管的生成

背景：目前有研究表明,心肌内直接注射骨髓单个核细胞可以使心肌梗死瘢痕区血管新生,改善缺血心肌血供。 目的：观察心肌内及冠状动脉内移植自体骨髓单个核细胞对猪急性心肌梗死后缺血心肌侧支血管生成的作用。 方法：22只小型猪制备急性心肌梗死模型后分为4组：心肌内移植组造模后即刻在缺血心肌内注射自体骨髓单个核细胞悬液;心肌内对照组同样方法即刻心肌内注射Hank’s平衡盐溶液;冠状动脉内移植组在造模后1周,左冠状动脉内注射自体骨髓单个核细胞悬液;冠状动脉对照组在造模后1周,同样方法左冠状动脉内注射Hank’s平衡盐溶液。 结果与结论：心肌内及冠状动脉内移植骨髓单个核细胞后1周,血清碱性成纤维细胞生长因子及血管内皮细胞生长因子水平差异无显著性意义,但明显高于各自对照组(P < 0.01);移植后4周,心肌内移植组与冠状动脉内移植组小血管密度差异无显著性意义,但明显高于各自对照组(P < 0.01);左室舒张末压差异无显著性意义,但明显低于各组对照组(P < 0.01)。提示心肌内及冠状动脉内移植骨髓单个核细胞均有助于促进猪缺血心肌血管新生及侧支循环形成。     

骨髓干细胞动员与移植治疗心肌梗死的比较

目的：比较骨髓干细胞动员与骨髓单个核细胞移植对兔心肌梗死的治疗作用，探讨更有效、更适用的干细胞治疗心肌梗死的方法。 方法： 将30只新西兰兔采用结扎前降支的方法复制心肌梗死模型，随机分为动员组、移植组和对照组，动员组（n=10）心梗后3 h开始皮下注射粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）30 μg·kg-1·d-1，连续使用5 d，第5 d抽取静脉血约10 mL，分离单个核细胞(BMCs)用5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷（BrdU）标记后，经静脉注入动物体内。移植组（n=10）心梗后7-10 d，抽取骨髓3-5 mL,分离MNCs用BrdU标记，然后开胸将细胞移植至梗死区，对照组（n=10）不采取任何治疗措施。心梗后1周及5周采用超声心动图（UCG）检查心脏功能变化，5周时作血液动力学测定，取心脏作免疫组织化学鉴定。 结果： 心梗后5周，动员组左室射血分数（EF）明显高于1周时，移植组无变化，对照组显著下降。5周时动员组及移植组左室舒张末压（LVEDP）、+dp/dtmax和-dp/dtmax与对照组相比均有显著差异。动员组及移植组在心肌梗死区均发现有BrdU标记的阳性细胞，两组梗塞区血管密度明显高于对照组，但均未发现有新生的平滑肌细胞及心肌细胞。 结论： 骨髓干细胞动员及BMCs移植治疗心肌梗死，均能通过促进梗死区血管新生，明显改善心脏功能，骨髓干细胞动员可能为心肌梗死的治疗提供一种新的无创性手段。     

Transposition of autologous cultivated bone marrow cells promotes prevention and treatment of immunodependent complications in cardiosurgical patients

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been made in two groups of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with further estimation of the rate of postoperative organic dysfunctions and pyoseptic complications. In group 1 (n = 50) CABG was combined with intracoronary or intramyocardial injection of autologous precultivated for 7-8 days mononuclear cells of the bone marrow (1 x 10(9) cells). In group 2 (n = 479) the intraoperative injection of the above cells was not made. It was found that autologous cultivated mononuclear bone marrow cells prevent organic dysfunction and reduce frequency of infectious-septic complications especially in patients with preoperative focuses of chronic infections.     

The effect of bone marrow‐ and adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on myocardial remodelling in the rat model of ischaemic heart failure

This study aimed to investigate the effect of bone marrow‐ and adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM‐MSC and AD‐MSC respectively) transplantation on left ventricular function and infarct area (IA) in the rat model of ischaemic heart failure. In anaesthetized Wistar rats, the left coronary artery (LCA) was occluded for 40 min with subsequent reperfusion for 7 days. Seven days following surgery, the animals with LCA occlusion/reperfusion were randomized into three groups: (i) Controls received intramyocardial injection of vehicle at three different locations within the peri‐infarct zone, (ii) BM‐MSC: cells were injected in the same way as in previous group (10⁶), (iii) AD‐MSC: using the same protocol as used in the BM‐MSC group. In addition there was also a sham‐treated group that had no injection. Two weeks following MSC transplantation, the hearts were isolated and perfused according to the Langendorff method followed by 30‐min global ischaemia and 90‐min reperfusion. After this IA was determined histologically. During Langendorff perfusion initial and postischaemic LV functions were the same in all groups although LV pressure at the 10th minute of reperfusion was higher in the AD‐MSC group compared to controls. However, LV pressure during 30‐min global ischaemia was significantly higher in BM‐MSC as compared to controls and AD‐MSC. The sham treated animals showed the same results as those seen with BM‐MSC. Thus, BM‐MSC transplantation, in contrast to transplantation of AD‐MSC, resulted in better preservation of the LV ability to contract during ischaemia. Furthermore, IA was significantly smaller in BM‐MSC group as compared to the controls and the AD‐MSC groups. Thus this study has demonstrated that treatment with BM‐MSC both ameliorates LV function and reduces histological scar size.     

The role of lymphocyte production and migration in the lymphopenia caused by 2-acetyl-4-tetrahydroxybutyl imidazole.

2-Acetyl-4-tetrahydroxybutyl imidazole (THI), a component of the food colouring ammonia caramel, has been shown to produce a profound and rapid lymphopenia in peripheral blood in the rat. In order to investigate whether the cause of the lymphopenia was due to the reduced production and influx in the circulation, redistribution of lymphocytes into other lymphoid compartments or an increased cell death, THI (1 mg/kg/day) was given in the drinking water for up to 14 days to F344 rats. A profound depletion of lymphocytes after already 1 day was only found in the blood compartment, whereas no such marked and rapid changes were found in the cellularity of other lymphoid compartments. The proportion and absolute number of DNA-synthesizing cells in each lymphoid organ was quantified using an antibody directed against incorporated 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), 1 h after a single BrdU injection. Additionally, enumeration and localization of BrdU+ cells was determined at later time points after a single BrdU injection by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry, in order to examine the distribution and localization of recently formed (BrdU+) lymphocytes. THI treatment had no effect on the proliferation rate and the distribution of newly formed (BrdU+) cells in the lymphoid organs. However, migration studies revealed that THI treatment resulted in an increased percentage of fluorescein-labelled peripheral blood lymphocytes found in the spleen and bone marrow and a decreased percentage in the cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes, 24 h after injection. Collectively these results indicate that the lymphopenia in the peripheral blood compartment after THI treatment, is caused by a rapid sequestration of lymphocytes into the spleen and bone marrow rather than by a reduced lymphocyte production and release into the periphery. The fact that THI also caused lymphopenia in splenectomized rats, indicates that the spleen does not play an active part in the change in migrational behaviour of lymphocytes after THI treatment. Finally, as there was no increase in the absolute number of lymphocytes found in the spleen or bone marrow it seems they are rapidly degraded.     

移植异体血管内皮祖细胞向大鼠损伤皮肤的趋化

背景：目前关于移植异体内皮祖细胞参与机体缺血组织血管改建的研究正成为热点。 目的：观察移植的同种异体内皮祖细胞向大鼠皮肤损伤区趋化的情况。 方法：以BrdU标记体外培养的大鼠外周血内皮祖细胞,通过尾静脉回输于背部皮肤有切割伤的大鼠(实验组)体内,以正常大鼠为对照,采用免疫荧光染色观察细胞移植后1,3,7,14 d时受体大鼠皮肤损伤区BrdU阳性内皮祖细胞的数量变化情况,苏木精-伊红染色观察受体大鼠脾脏淋巴滤泡数量和体积变化情况。 结果与结论：移植的内皮祖细胞可以向大鼠皮肤损伤区趋化,3,7 d时内皮祖细胞数量最多(P < 0.05),14 d时在损伤区血管内壁中仍可见BrdU阳性细胞。实验组大鼠脾脏淋巴滤泡的数量和体积与对照组相比没有明显差异,证实移植同种异体内皮祖细胞没有引起明显的免疫排斥反应。     

Ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction enhances the therapeutic effect of intracoronary transplantation of bone marrow stem cells on myocardial infarction

Objective: The combination of intracoronary transplantation and ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction may promote effective and accurate delivery of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) into the infarct zone. To test this hypothesis in this study we examined the effectiveness of ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction in combination with intracoronary transplantation of BMSCs for the treatment of myocardial infarction in canine model of acute myocardial infarction. Method: The dogs were randomly assigned to four groups: PBS, ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction, BMSCs, BMSCs together with ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction. At 28 days post-surgery, cardiac function and the percentage of perfusion defect area to total left ventricular perfusion area (DA%) were determined by myocardial contrast echocardiography. Nitro blue tetrazolium staining was performed to determine myocardial infarct size, hematoxylin and eosin staining for assessing microvascular injury, Masson’s staining for analyzing myocardial tissue collagen, immunohistochemical analysis of α-actin to measure cardiac contractile function and of BrdU-labeled myocardial cells to measure the number of the BMSCs homing to the infarcted region. Results: The transplantation of BMSCs significantly improved heart function and DA% (P < 0.05). The group that received ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction with BMSCs transplantation showed the most improvement in heart function and DA% (P < 0.05). This group also showed a denser deposition of BMSCs in the coronary artery and more BrdU positive cells in the infarcted region, had the maximum number of α-actin positive cells, showed the smallest myocardial infarct area compared to other groups (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction increases the homing of BMSCs in the target area following intracoronary transplantation, which allows more BMSCs to differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes, thereby reducing myocardial infarct size and improving cardiac function.     

人脐血间充质干细胞移植联合神经节苷脂注射治疗脑性瘫痪

BACKGROUND:In recent years, some studies have demonstrated that ganglioside can promote survival and differentiation of umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of injection of human umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells and ganglioside into rat lateral ventricles on neurological functional recovery from cerebral palsy. METHODS:Totally 60 cerebral palsy neonatal rats were delivered from pregnant rats which were modes were given intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide for 2 successive days on day 17 of gestation. Then those neonatal rats were randomly divided into five groups, including model group (n=10), sham transplantation group (n=10), stem cell transplantation group (n=18), ganglioside group (n=10) and combination group (n=12). Under stereotaxic instrument, umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells or ganglioside were injected into left lateral ventricles of the rat brain, respectively, and the sham transplantation group was given the same volume of phosphate buffered saline. Two rats from the stem cell transplantation group were put to death for immunofluorescence staining at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after transplantation, respectively, and two rats in the combination group were killed for immunofluorescence staining at 14 days. Besides, all rats were underwent neurologic evaluation at 28 days after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells could survive, migrate and differentiate, which mainly distributed in the lateral ventricle, hippocampus and cortex. At 14 days after transplantation, positive expressions of BrdU and glial fibrillary acidic protein in the combination group were significantly higher than those in the stem cell transplantation group (P < 0.05). In addition, compared with the model group, the holding time significantly prolonged and foot error times significantly decreased in the latter three groups (P < 0.05), as well as in the combination group compared with the stem cell transplantation and ganglioside groups (P < 0.05). These results indicate that umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells and ganglioside can both improve neurological function of rats with cerebral palsy. Given that ganglioside can promote survival and differentiation of umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells in vivo, the combined transplantation is preferred.     

Cell transplantation into ischemic myocardium using mesenchymal stem cells transfected by vascular endothelial growth factor

Aims: To investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation combining with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene therapy on myocardium rebuilding, angiogenesis, and heart function improvement in rats with myocardial infarction. Methods: SD rat MSCs were isolated, cultured in vitro, labeled with BrdU and transfected by Ad.VEGF gene. Four weeks after left anterior descending artery was ligated to create rat myocardial infarction, cardiac function was examined with echocardiography. Rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 in each group): Group I: MSCs/Ad.VEGF implantation; Group II: MSCs implantation; Group III: Ad.VEGF injection; Group IV: Control. MSCs differentiation was observed 4 weeks after transplantation. Immunohistochemistry and angiogenesis were observed. Echocardiography was performed to detect the effects on heart function. Results: MSCs labeled with BrdU could be identified in host hearts in group I and II, most of them positively stained with cTnT antibody. Echocardiography indicated that the improvement of the LVEF value in group I was more significant than that in the other three groups (P < 0.01, respectively). Some cells were incorporated into the coronary capillaries in the infarcted region. The capillary density in group I was higher than that in the other three groups (P < 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: MSCs implantation combining with VEGF gene therapy can obviously repair damaged myocardium and enhance the angiogenesis in ischemic heart tissue.     

用抗溴脱氧尿苷单克隆抗体检测小鼠各种器官内S期细胞分布的研究

用溴脱氧尿苷（ＢｒｄＵ）腹腔注入正常小鼠（０．１５ｍｇ／ｇ体重），１ｈ后处死，取出多种器官的组织用Ｃａｒｎｏｙ液固定，石蜡包埋切片。用免疫组织化学技术，以抗－ＢｒｄＵ的单克隆抗体检测不同器官内被ＢｒｄＵ标记的Ｓ期细胞。结果证明，ＢｒｄＵ阳性细胞主要分布在细胞增殖活跃的组织，如舌与食管的基底层细胞、胃小凹处的颈粘液细胞，小、大肠的肠腺细胞和睾丸曲细精管内的精原细胞等。ＢｒｄＵ阳性细胞在淋巴器官内主要分布于胸腺皮质、脾脏的动脉周围淋巴鞘和脾小结的生发中心以及淋巴结的生发中心等。高度分化的细胞如舌与食管上皮的角化层或肝、肾等处的细胞呈阴性。     

p53基因转移至移植心脏的安全性

背景：课题组前期实验表明野生型p53基因具有抑制移植心脏冠状动脉内膜增厚的作用。 目的：研究腺病毒介导的野生型p53基因转移至移植心脏的安全性。 方法：以Wistar大鼠为供体,SD大鼠为受体建立大鼠腹腔异位心脏移植模型,在取出供心后,经供心冠状动脉分别注射携带野生型p53基因的重组腺病毒液、携带β-半乳糖酐酶基因的重组腺病毒液和生理盐水800 µL,4 ℃静置30 min后进行心脏移植。 结果与结论：移植后 5 d,重组腺病毒液组的供心冠状动脉组织可见野生型P53蛋白的表达。移植后28 d,未见受体大鼠血液生化学指标异常和重要脏器的病理性改变,RT-PCR扩增未见腺病毒E1A区产物。说明在心脏移植中,将腺病毒介导的野生型p53基因转移至移植心脏是安全的。     

银杏达莫注射液联合骨髓间充质干细胞移植改善脑梗死后的神经功能

背景：通过细胞移植重建损伤脑组织成为治疗脑梗死的新途径,骨髓间充质干细胞成为近年来细胞移植治疗领域的研究热点。 目的：探讨银杏达莫注射液联合骨髓间充质干细胞移植对脑梗死大鼠神经功能的改善作用及相关机制。 方法：利用线栓法制作大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞模型,建模成功后60只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、细胞移植组及联合组。对照组尾静脉注射PBS、细胞移植组尾静脉注射2.5×109 L-1的骨髓间充质干细胞悬液、联合组尾静脉注射2.5×109 L-1的骨髓间充质干细胞悬液和银杏达莫2 mL/kg,1次/d,连续注射5 d。于移植后的1,3 d及1,2 周进行mNSS行为学评分,以观察大鼠神经功能缺损状况。移植后2周RT-PCR检测脑组织中脑源性神经生长因子、生长相关蛋白43基因表达变化,TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡情况,免疫组化法检测BrdU阳性细胞数。 结果与结论：移植后的1,3 d各组大鼠神经功能缺损评分差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),在移植后1,2周,联合组神经功能缺损评分低于细胞移植组及对照组(P < 0.05);移植后2周,联合组脑源性神经生长因子、生长相关蛋白43 mRNA表达明显高于细胞移植组及对照组(P < 0.05),联合组凋亡细胞数目明显少于细胞移植组及对照组(P < 0.05),联合组BrdU阳性细胞数量明显多于细胞移植组及对照组(P < 0.05)。结果表明骨髓间充质干细胞联合银杏达莫干预能促进脑梗死组织脑源性神经生长因子、生长相关蛋白43 mRNA的表达,抑制细胞凋亡,改善大鼠神经功能。  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程      

肝脾细胞输注在异种移植中的耐受诱导

目的 :观察肝脾细胞输注诱导异种胰岛移植的免疫耐受性。方法 :采用STZ制备BALB C小鼠糖尿病模型 ,经尾静脉注射供体猪肝细胞和 或脾细胞 3次后 ,腹腔内注射法进行猪胰腺细胞移植。测定血糖浓度变化 ,观察小鼠移植物有功能存活时间。选择常规方法测定小鼠移植后NK细胞活性变化 ,T细胞亚群和B细胞体外抗体形成实验。结果 :肝脾细胞联合胰岛移植组血糖在移植后 2 0d内均处于较低水平 ,并与同期其他各实验组的血糖有明显差异 (P <0 0 5 )。于 35～ 4 5d内出现移植物功能丧失。NK细胞杀伤活性移植后肝脾细胞联合胰岛移植组没有明显变化 (P >0 0 5 )。其他各实验组的NK细胞杀伤活性均明显升高 (P<0 0 5 ) ,T细胞亚群亦与NK细胞杀伤活性一样出现同样变化。脾脏B细胞体外溶血功能均增强 (P<0 0 5 )。结论 :少量多次供体肝细胞和脾细胞提前输注可以诱导异种胰岛细胞移植的免疫耐受性     

Retention and biodistribution of microspheres injected into ischemic myocardium

Intramyocardial injection of therapeutic agents may enhance heart repair after infarction. Incomplete retention of intramyocardial injections has been reported, but modes of loss are undefined. We determined the fate of neutron-activated microspheres injected into acutely ischemic rat myocardium using saline, Pluronic F127, or Matrigel as vehicle. Twenty minutes after injection in saline, 63% +/- 12% of 10-mum microspheres was retained in the heart. Similar retention was observed after 6 days. Injection site leakage accounted for 14% +/- 5% of the microspheres, whereas exit via coronary veins resulted in 11.2% +/- 9.5% collecting in the lungs. Microspheres distribution to other organs was minimal. Retention of 40-mum microspheres was similar to that observed with the 10-mum microspheres. Pluronic F127 and Matrigel reduced immediate leakage to 4% +/- 1% and 2% +/- 1%, respectively. Surprisingly, microsphere retention in the heart was not improved at 20 min using either gelling vehicle, suggesting that leakage occurs over a prolonged period. Thus, most injected particles are retained in the ischemic rat heart following direct injection, but significant fractions are lost from the injection site and through coronary veins. Gelling agents reduced short-term leakage, but failed to enhance longer-term retention. Hydrogels with stiffer mechanical properties might enhance retention and reduce variability.     

内皮祖细胞移植对血管内膜修复的影响

目的： 从脾源性单个核细胞中分离并扩增血管内皮祖细胞（EPCs）,研究EPCs移植对血管损伤后内膜修复的影响。 方法: 大鼠脾源性单个核细胞贴壁培养法定向扩增EPCs，检测其内皮细胞特性。荧光标记EPCs从尾静脉移植到颈动脉内皮损伤的大鼠体内。 结果: 脾源性单个核细胞体外可诱导出内皮祖细胞，表现为表达内皮细胞特异性标志。移植后，EPCs可归巢至血管损伤部位。EPCs移植组在球囊损伤2周后血管新生内膜明显减少，血管腔狭窄程度显著减轻。EPCs移植组新生内膜/中膜比值显著低于单纯球囊损伤组及M199组(0.82±0.09 vs 1.52±0.21, 1.48±0.19,P＜0.01)。EPCs移植组PCNA 阳性表达细胞明显少于单纯球囊损伤组及M199组（19.25±3.96 vs 31.42±5.23, 29.37±3.16, P＜0.05）。 结论: EPCs能有效移植到内皮损伤血管段，参与损伤血管的内膜修复过程。     

人脐血单个核细胞多次静脉移植家兔急性心肌梗死后的胶原重构

背景：以往干细胞移植治疗心肌梗死的研究,均为单次经静脉或冠脉注射移植。 目的：进一步验证人脐血单个核细胞多次静脉移植对家兔急性心肌梗死胶原重构及心功能影响。 方法：取家兔45只结扎冠脉左前降支制备急性心肌梗死模型,随机分为3组,①多次移植组：造模后7,9,11,13 d经耳缘静脉注入BrdU标记人脐血单个核细胞生理盐水。②单次移植组：造模后7 d注入BrdU标记人脐血单个核细胞生理盐水,9,11,13 d注入生理盐水。③心梗对照组：仅注入生理盐水。另取家兔5只为假手术组。 结果与结论：与对照组相比,两移植组心功能左室短轴缩短率、左室射血分数明显升高(P < 0.05);且多次移植组改善效果优于单次移植组(P < 0.05);免疫组织化学显示两移植组造模后2,4周心梗周边区均存在BrdU阳性细胞,但多次移植组BrdU阳性细胞计数多于单次移植组;改良Masson’s染色显示与假手术组比较,对照组梗死区及非梗死区胶原密度显著增加,梗死区域胶原纤维部分融合,排列较紊乱,心肌基本组织结构破坏;与对照组比较,两移植组造模后2,4周梗死周边区域心肌细胞间胶原含量、胶原纤维明显减少,胶原纤维排列较为有序;与单次细胞移植组比较,多次细胞移植组进一步改善。提示多次静脉移植脐血单个核细胞改善急性心肌梗死心功能、阻抑心肌胶原纤维重构疗效优于单次静脉移植。     

移植间充质干细胞治疗帕金森病大鼠

目的移植骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)治疗大鼠帕金森病(PD)。方法将BrdU标记的MSCs移植到单侧注射6-OHDA制备的PD大鼠模型损毁侧纹状体内,由阿朴吗啡诱导大鼠的旋转行为,用免疫组化和免疫荧光法检测大鼠黑质TH的表达和移植细胞的存活、迁移和分化,用1H-MRS检测大鼠双侧纹状体N-乙酰门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱类化合物(Cho)、肌酸(Cr)的信号强度。结果骨髓MSCs定向移植术后8周,PD大鼠的旋转行为较术前明显改善,损毁侧黑质TH阳性细胞数较术前增加;BrdU阳性细胞散在分布于移植侧脑组织内,可表达神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和微管相关蛋白2(MAP-2);PD大鼠损毁侧纹状体NAA/Cr较术前升高(P<0.05),Cho/Cr下降(P<0.05)。结论植入纹状体内骨髓MSCs能够存活并对PD模型大鼠有治疗作用。     

Hemodynamic contribution of stem cell scaffolding in acute injured myocardium

Tissue-engineered scaffolds may improve experimental outcomes in cardiac cell therapy by targeted delivery of stem cells and mechanically support an infarcted left ventricular (LV) wall. We transplanted cardiomyocyte-like cells (5×10(5)) with scaffolding via epicardial patching (cell patch, n=17) or a low-dose intramyocardial hydrogel (LD hydrogel, n=18), a high-dose (5×10(6)) intramyocardial hydrogel (HD hydrogel, n=18) or transplanting a serum-free medium control (control, n=13), a blank patch (n=14), and a blank gel (n=16) for targeted cardiomyoplasty in a myocardial infarcted rat model. LV real-time hemodynamics were assessed using a 1.9-F pressure-volume catheter 7 weeks after stem cell transplantation. All mode of scaffold transplantation protected diastolic function by preserving LV wall integrity that resulted in a lower end diastolic pressure-volume relationship (EDPVR) as compared to a control medium-injected group. Moreover, epicardial patching, but not hydrogel injection, reduced ventricular wall stress with a significantly better LV end diastolic pressure (EDP: 5.3±2.4?mmHg vs. 9.6±6.9?mmHg, p<0.05) as compared to control. Furthermore, epicardial patching additionally preserved systolic function by modulating negative remodeling through restricting dilatation of the LV chamber. In comparison to control, an improved ejection fraction in the cell patch group (80.1%±5.9% vs. 67.9%±3.2%, p<0.01) was corroborated by load-independent enhancement of the end systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR: 0.88±0.61?mmHg/uL vs. 0.29±0.19?mmHg/uL, p<0.05) and preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW: 68.7±26.4?mmHg vs. 15.6±16.2?mmHg, p<0.05) in systolic function. Moreover, the cell patch group (14.2±1.7 cells/high-power field vs. 7.4±1.6 cells/high power field, p<0.05) was significantly better in myocardial retention of transplanted stem cells as compared to the LD hydrogel group. Collectively, myocardial transplantation of compliant scaffolding materials alone may physically improve wall mechanics, largely independent of stem cells. However, epicardially grafted cell patch conferred added systolic contractility by improving stem cell retention and cellular alignment leading to improved LV remodeling and geometric preservation postinfarction.     

Long-Term (Postnatal Day 70) Outcome and Safety of Intratracheal Transplantation of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Neonatal Hyperoxic Lung Injury

Purpose

This study was performed to evaluate the long-term effects and safety of intratracheal (IT) transplantation of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) in neonatal hyperoxic lung injury at postnatal day (P)70 in a rat model.

Materials and Methods

Newborn Sprague Dawley rat pups were subjected to 14 days of hyperoxia (90% oxygen) within 10 hours after birth and allowed to recover at room air until sacrificed at P70. In the transplantation groups, hUCB-MSCs (5×10⁵) were administered intratracheally at P5. At P70, various organs including the heart, lung, liver, and spleen were histologically examined, and the harvested lungs were assessed for morphometric analyses of alveolarization. ED-1, von Willebrand factor, and human-specific nuclear mitotic apparatus protein (NuMA) staining in the lungs and the hematologic profile of blood were evaluated.

Results

Impaired alveolar and vascular growth, which evidenced by an increased mean linear intercept and decreased amount of von Willebrand factor, respectively, and the hyperoxia-induced inflammatory responses, as evidenced by inflammatory foci and ED-1 positive alveolar macrophages, were attenuated in the P70 rat lungs by IT transplantation of hUCB-MSCs. Although rare, donor cells with human specific NuMA staining were persistently present in the P70 rat lungs. There were no gross or microscopic abnormal findings in the heart, liver, or spleen, related to the MSCs transplantation.

Conclusion

The protective and beneficial effects of IT transplantation of hUCB-MSCs in neonatal hyperoxic lung injuries were sustained for a prolonged recovery period without any long-term adverse effects up to P70.