凝聚态Aβ1-40海马内注射致AD大鼠在体神经毒性作用

目的:建立凝聚态β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ1-40)诱导的模拟阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's Disease,AD)的动物模型,观察其学习记忆及病理性改变.方法:将凝聚态Aβ1-40注射入大鼠双侧海马,大鼠跳台和Morris水迷宫试验检测大鼠的学习记忆能力,HE和银染检测病理变化.结果:海马内注射凝聚态Aβ1-40可引起大鼠学习记忆能力下降,海马注射区可见神经元丢失、胶质细胞增生及神经原纤维缠结.结论:凝聚态Aβ1-40海马内注射具有明确的在体神经毒性作用,可以模拟AD的学习记忆障碍、神经元损伤等行为学和病理学方面的特征.     

β-淀粉样蛋白致大鼠Alzheimer病模型的研究

目的模拟人类Alzheimer病的大鼠模型,观察其学习记忆及病理性改变。方法大鼠双侧海马微量注射聚合态Aβ1-40制备AD动物模型,Y-型迷宫测定大鼠学习记忆能力,HE染色、刚果红染色检测病理变化。结果海马内注射Aβ1-40可引起大鼠学习记忆能力下降,注射区Aβ积,神经元丢失及胶质细胞浸润。结论Aβ1-40海马内注射能较好地模拟AD的学习记忆障碍、神经元损伤等行为学和病理学方面的改变,可作为AD研究较好的动物模型。     

β-淀粉样蛋白致大鼠Alzheimer病模型的研究

目的 :模拟人类Alzheimer病 (AD)的大鼠病理模型 ,观察其学习记忆及病理性改变。方法 :大鼠双侧海马微量注射聚合态Aβ1 40 制备AD动物模型 ,Y 型迷宫测定大鼠学习记忆能力 ,HE染色、刚果红染色和银染检测病理变化。结果 :海马内注射Aβ1 40 可引起大鼠学习记忆能力下降 ,注射区Aβ沉积 ,神经元丢失及胶质细胞增生 ,神经原纤维缠结。结论 :Aβ1 40 海马内注射能较好的模拟AD的学习记忆障碍、神经元损伤等行为学和病理学等方面的特征 ,作为AD研究较好的动物模型。     

C17.2神经干细胞移植Aβ1-40损伤大鼠海马后的分化及对学习记忆的改善

目的 探讨永生化神经干细胞株C17.2移植Aβ1-40损伤大鼠海马后的存活、分化以及细胞移植对AD大鼠的治疗作用.方法 单侧海马齿回注射凝聚态Aβ1-40复制AD大鼠模型;C17.2神经干细胞移植到海马Aβ1-40注射处,免疫荧光观察移植细胞的存活、分化,Morris水迷宫检测干细胞移植对AD大鼠空间学习记忆障碍的改善情况.结果 C17.2神经干细胞移植到AD大鼠海马后存活良好,DAPI核染显示移植细胞广泛迁移,Cy3荧光显示大部分移植细胞分化为GFAP阳性细胞,并可见一定数量的移植细胞分化为NF200阳性细胞,其中部分发出类似神经元的长突起.行为学检测表明干细胞移植对AD大鼠空间学习记忆能力有明显改善.结论 永生化神经干细胞移植AD大鼠海马后能有效存活,移植细胞可分化为胶质细胞、神经元并能改善AD大鼠学习记忆功能障碍.     

银杏内酯对拟AD模型大鼠海马CA1区Aβ1-40表达的影响

目的: 研究银杏内酯对拟阿尔茨海默病(AD)模型大鼠海马CA1区Aβ1-40表达的影响.方法:采用冈田酸(OA)海马CA1区微量注射建立拟AD大鼠模型,3周后银杏内酯腹腔注射,水迷宫行为学试验检测学习记忆能力,免疫组织化学方法观察海马CA1区Aβ1-40的表达.结果:与拟AD模型组比较,银杏内酯组平均逃避潜伏期明显缩短(P＜0.01),银杏内酯组海马CA1区Aβ1-40表达明显减少或消失(P＜0.01).结论:银杏内酯显著改善拟AD模型大鼠学习记忆能力,其机理可能是抑制海马Aβ1-40的表达及tau蛋白磷酸化,减轻OA对大鼠海马神经元的病理损害.     

β2肾上腺素受体对Aβ1-40诱导阿尔茨海默病大鼠脑内胆碱能水平的影响

目的:研究β2肾上腺素受体激动剂和抑制剂对阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠学习记忆能力和脑内乙酰胆碱含量的影响?方法:40只健康雄性SD大鼠随机平均分为4组:对照组?AD组?克伦特罗组和ICI118,551组?AD组给予海马内注射Aβ1-40 1 μl(10 μg),克伦特罗组和ICI118,551组同样注射Aβ1-40 后分别腹腔注射克伦特罗0.5 mg/kg和ICI118,551 1 mg/kg?对照组注射生理盐水?Y迷宫检测各组大鼠的学习记忆能力后检测海马内胆碱酯酶(AChE)和乙酰转移酶(ChAT)的含量,Nissle染色观察海马CA1区神经元的形态学改变?结果:与AD组相比,克伦特罗组的学习记忆能力明显下降(P < 0.01),海马ChAT?AChE活力下降,CA1区神经元凋亡明显(P < 0.01);而ICI118,551组学习记忆能力?海马ChAT?AChE活力均较AD组提高,海马神经元的损伤情况较AD组有所改善(P < 0.05)?结论:β2肾上腺素受体激动剂?抑制剂分别能加重和减轻AD病变,其机制可能与改变脑内胆碱能水平有关?     

丹参酮对阿尔茨海黩病样大鼠海马内乙酰胆碱酯酶和一氧化氮合酶表达的影响

目的 探讨丹参酮治疗阿尔茨海黩病（Alzheimer‘s disease,AD)样大鼠的神经化学机制。方法 应用凝聚态β-淀粉样肽1-40片段（Aβ1-40）在大鼠海马齿状回背侧进行微量注射以建立AD样记忆障碍的动物模型；利用改良的乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE)组织化学方法观察大鼠海马内各亚区胆碱能纤维的变化；用免疫组织化学方法检测大鼠海马内神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS)的表达。结果 大鼠双侧海马内注射Aβ1-40（μg）14d后，海马内各亚区AChe阳性纤维面积百分比显著低于对照组；海马内iNOS的表达上调，而nNOS的表达则明显降低。此外，大鼠海马各亚区内AChE阳性纤维面积百分比与iNOS细胞数存在显著负相关，丹参酮50mg/kg连续灌胃14d后，分别对上述变化有不同程度的改善作用。结论 丹参酮治疗AD样大鼠的作用机制可能民保护脑内胆碱能系统和调节NOS的表达有关。     

银杏内酯对拟AD模型大鼠海马CA1区Aβ1-40表达的影响

目的：研究银杏内酯对拟阿尔茨海默病（AD）模型大鼠海马CA1区Aβ1-40表达的影响。方法：采用冈田酸（OA）海马CA1区微量注射建立拟AD大鼠模型，3周后银杏内酯腹腔注射，水迷宫行为学试验检测学习记忆能力，免疫组织化学方法观察海马CA1区Aβ1-40的表达。结果：与拟AD模型组比较，银杏内酯组平均逃避潜伏期明显缩短（P〈0．01），银杏内酯组海马CA1区Aβ1-40表达明显减少或消失（P〈0．01）。结论：银杏内酯显著改善拟AD模型大鼠学习记忆能力，其机理可能是抑制海马Aβ1-40的表达及tau蛋白磷酸化，减轻OA对大鼠海马神经元的病理损害。     

电针对阿尔茨海默病模型大鼠海马COX-2、iNOS表达的影响

目的观察电针对阿尔茨海默病(AD)模型大鼠学习记忆能力及大脑海马CA1区神经元炎性反应的影响,探讨针灸防治AD的具体作用机制。方法雄性Wistar大鼠50只,随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、电针组,每组10只,采用双侧海马注射凝聚态Aβ25-35制备AD大鼠模型。电针组选取双侧肾俞穴、双侧足三里穴和大椎穴,接韩氏电针仪治疗。采用Morris水迷宫检测各组大鼠学习记忆能力,免疫组化法检测脑组织中海马神经元环氧合酶-2(COX-2)、一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)的表达。结果大鼠海马注射Aβ25-35导致海马CA1区锥体神经元的损伤,同时伴有COX-2、iNOS表达增加。与模型组相比,电针能有效抑制COX-2、iNOS表达(均P0.05),显著提高AD大鼠的学习记忆能力(P0.05)。结论电针能有效抑制AD大鼠脑内神经元炎性反应,改善AD大鼠空间探索的能力,其作用机制可能与减轻COX-2过表达,抑制iNOS活性有关。     

益智健脑颗粒对AD模型大鼠学习记忆能力及海马神经元BDNF表达的影响

目的 探讨益智健脑颗粒对Aβ1-40诱导的AD模型大鼠学习记忆能力及海马CA1区神经元BDNF表达的影响.方法 右侧海马微量注射Aβ1-40建立AD动物模型,并用益智健脑颗粒对其进行干预,Y迷宫检测各组大鼠学习和记忆能力,免疫组织化学方法检测海马CA1区神经元BDNF表达.结果 Aβ1-40能够导致大鼠学会躲避电击所需的尝试次数明显增加[(25.36±3.48)次vs(15.41±2.89)次],海马CA1区BDNF灰度值较对照组明显增大[(139.13±7.55)次vs(128.36±8.45)次],差异有显著性.应用益智健脑颗粒后,尝试次数明显减少[(17.12±3.51)次vs(25.36±3.48)次]、海马CA1区BDNF灰度值明显减小[(129.98±7.86)次vs(139.13±7.55)次].结论 益智健脑颗粒可以改善AD模型鼠的学习记忆能力,可以作为临床治疗AD的试验用药.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.