西酞普兰结合心理疏导治疗脑卒中后抑郁临床研究

目的探讨西酞普兰结合心理疏导对脑卒中后抑郁的临床疗效。方法选择80例脑卒中后抑郁患者随机分为对照组(40例)和观察组(40例)。在常规治疗基础上,对照组给予口服西酞普兰治疗,治疗组给予西酞普兰结合心理疏导治疗。分别于治疗前及治疗后第6周末,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评定抑郁症状,简明精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评定认知功能,Barthel指数(MBI)评定日常生活活动能力。结果两组患者治疗后HAMD、MMSE、MBI差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗组患者治疗前后HAMD评分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论西酞普兰结合心理疏导治疗脑卒中后抑郁,能减轻抑郁程度,改善患者的认知功能,提高患者日常生活能力,改善预后。     

西酞普兰合并奋乃静对精神分裂症患者认知功能的影响

目的观察西酞普兰合并奋乃静对精神分裂症患者认知功能的影响。方法采用入院顺序分层随机法,将120例慢性精神分裂症患者平均分为研究组(西酞普兰+奋乃静)和对照组(奋乃静+安慰剂)。在治疗前、治疗后4,8,12周末分别以阳性症状、阴性症状量表和副反应量表评定疗效和副作用,用韦氏成人智力量表、韦氏记忆量表和威斯康星卡片分类测验评定治疗前后患者认知功能的改变。结果治疗12周后,研究组的言语量表、操作量表、全量表和记忆量表分分别为(84.97±3.73)分、(80.41±5.93)分、(83.37±5.81)分、(77.26±13.31)分;对照组分别为(75.41±3.95)分、(72.43±5.56)分、(75.87±5.34)分、(72.15±13.19)分,两组差异有显著性(P<0.01)。PANSS总分、阴性因子分比治疗前明显降低,治疗后4,8,12周末TESS评分,研究组均低于对照组,且治疗后低于治疗前,均差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论西酞普兰合并奋乃静治疗对精神分裂症患者认知功能有明显改善。     

西酞普兰结合心理疏导治疗脑卒中后抑郁临床研究

目的探讨西酞普兰结合心理疏导对脑卒中后抑郁的临床疗效。方法选择80例脑卒中后抑郁患者随机分为对照组（40例）和观察组（40例）。在常规治疗基础上,对照组给予口服西酞普兰治疗,治疗组给予西酞普兰结合心理疏导治疗。分别于治疗前及治疗后第6周末,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评定抑郁症状,简明精神状态检查量表（MMSE）评定认知功能,Barthel指数（MBI）评定日常生活活动能力。结果两组患者治疗后HAMD、MMSE、MBI差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,治疗组患者治疗前后HAMD评分差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论西酞普兰结合心理疏导治疗脑卒中后抑郁,能减轻抑郁程度,改善患者的认知功能,提高患者日常生活能力,改善预后。     

尼莫地平联合西酞普兰治疗脑卒中后抑郁的临床研究

目的探讨尼莫地平联合西酞普兰对脑卒中后抑郁的疗效及安全性。方法将我院65例脑卒中后抑郁患者随机分为观察组34例和对照组31例,观察组患者给予尼莫地平及西酞普兰,对照组患者单纯给予西酞普兰,在治疗前和治疗后8周分别用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、简易精神状态检查量表（MMSE）、临床神经功能缺损量表（CSS）、Barthel指数（MBI）评价两组患者的疗效。结果治疗组的总有效率为85.3％。对照组为58．1％,两组患者疗效间差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）,观察组患者治疗前、后及两组患者治疗后HAMD、MMSE、CSS、MBI评分间差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）;对照组患者治疗前、后HAMD、MMSE评分间差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论尼莫地平联合西酞普兰对脑卒中后抑郁有较好疗效,而且能够明显改善患者认知能力和神经功能缺失症状、提高日常生活活动能力。     

艾司西酞普兰联合左旋多巴对帕金森病患者神经功能及炎症因子的影响

目的探究艾司西酞普兰联合左旋多巴对帕金森病患者神经功能及炎症因子的影响。方法依据给药方式不同将94例帕金森病患者分为对照组和观察组,各47例。对照组使用左旋多巴治疗,观察组使用艾司西酞普兰联合左旋多巴治疗。观察两组治疗前后的神经功能及血清炎症因子水平变化;比较两组效果、帕金森病统一评分量表(UPDRS)、简易精神状态评价量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、自主神经量表(SCOPA-AUT)、汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)情况。结果治疗后,两组神经功能、血清炎症因子水平均下降,且对照组高于观察组(均P<0.05)。两组UPDRS、SCOPA-AUT、HAMD评分都降低,对照组高于观察组(均P<0.05)。两组MoCA、MMSE评分均升高,对照组低于观察组(均P<0.05)。对照组有效率低于观察组(P<0.05)。两组总不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论艾司西酞普兰联合左旋多巴治疗帕金森病患者效果显著,可减轻炎症反应,改善神经功能和认知功能,缓解患者抑郁情绪、睡眠障碍,提高生活能力,且安全性较好。     

尼莫地平对脑卒中后血管性认知功能障碍的临床效果

目的:探讨尼莫地平对脑卒中后血管性认知功能障碍的临床效果。方法:选取56例脑卒中后血管性认知功能障碍患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组和对照组均根据缺血性脑卒中的常规处理措施进行治疗,观察组患者同时给予尼莫地平口服,服用40 mg/次,服用3次/d,连续应用12周。采用简易精神状态量表评分对患者的认知能力进行评定,采用Barthel指数对患者的日常生活活动能力进行评定。结果:观察组患者治疗前简易精神状态量表评分和日常生活活动能力评分分别与对照组治疗前简易精神状态量表评分和日常生活活动能力评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组治疗后简易精神状态量表评分和日常生活活动能力评分分别与对照组治疗后简易精神状态量表评分和日常生活活动能力评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:尼莫地平有助于改善脑卒中后血管性认知功能障碍,提高患者生活活动能力,值得借鉴。     

脑心通胶囊合用尼莫地平治疗卒中后认知功能障碍疗效观察

目的：观察脑心通胶囊联合尼莫地平治疗卒中后认知功能障碍的临床疗效。方法：临床确诊的2型糖尿病并卒中后有认知功能障碍的72例患者分成两组,脑心通胶囊联合尼莫地平为治疗组,单用尼莫地平为对照组,按简易精神状态量表（MMSE）和韦克斯勒记忆量表（WMS）行治疗前后疗效评定;观察治疗后认知功能改善情况并进行组间比较。结果：治疗组与对照组之间有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论：说明两药联合治疗在治疗糖尿病卒中后认知功能障碍方面疗效更显著。     

西酞普兰联合乌灵胶囊治疗卒中后抑郁的临床研究

目的观察西酞普兰联合乌灵胶囊治疗卒中后抑郁的临床疗效。方法 102例患者按数字法随机分为3组,每组34例。3组均接受常规药物治疗,联合组口服西酞普兰和乌灵胶囊,西酞普兰组和乌灵组分别口服西酞普兰乌和灵胶囊,于治疗前和治疗后4周、8周,采用汉密尔顿抑郁表(HAMD)评定抑郁情况;同时采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评定神经功能缺损,简易智能状态量表(MMSE)和Barthel指数(BI)进行评定患者的神经功能状况。结果治疗8周HAMD评分乌灵组明显改善(P<0.05),而西酞普兰组和联合组均极显著改善(P<0.01),且联合组较乌林组、西酞普兰组有显著差异(P<0.05)。三组NIHSS评分,治疗8周后较治疗前极显著下降(P<0.01);BI评分,治疗8周后较治疗前极显著上升(P<0.01),组间无明显差异;而MMSE评分治疗8周后3组均显著提高(P<0.05),组间无差异。结论西酞普兰对卒中后抑郁有良好的治疗作用,与乌灵胶囊合用效果更好。     

无抽搐电休克对抑郁症27例患者述情障碍的影响

目的:观察无抽搐电休克(以下简称MECT)联合西酞普兰对抑郁症患者述情障碍的疗效.方法:将54例女性抑郁症患者随机分成两组,研究组27人为MECT联合西酞普兰治疗;对照组27人为单用西酞普兰治疗. 治疗前及治疗2周末分别用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD),多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS),及治疗不良反应量表(TESS)评分比较.结果:治疗2周后研究组HAMD分值低于治疗前,TAS分高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01～0.05);研究组和对照组HAMD、TAS分值差异有显著性(P<0.01).TESS治疗后两组比较无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论:MECT联合西酞普兰对抑郁症述情障碍优于单纯西酞普兰治疗.     

认知疗法联合音乐疗法改善脑卒中后抑郁、焦虑的效果分析

目的:分析认知疗法联合音乐疗法改善脑卒中后抑郁、焦虑的效果。方法:采用随机平行对照法将我院2015年1月—2016年2月收治的117例脑卒中后焦虑、抑郁患者分为对照组和观察组,对照组58例给予西酞普兰口服,观察组59例在对照组的基础上应用认知疗法联合音乐疗法治疗,观察两组患者治疗后抑郁、焦虑、认知功能及日常生活能力改善效果。结果:观察组治疗后SAS评分及SDS评分低于对照组,MoCA评分及ADL评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:音乐、认知疗法联合西酞普兰,能够显著改善脑卒中后抑郁、焦虑患者的负面情绪及认知功能,提高日常生活能力,值得临床推广及应用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.