搔刮术对子宫内膜形态不良患者体外受精-胚胎移植临床结局的影响

目的探讨搔刮术对子宫内膜形态不良患者IVF-ET周期临床结局的影响。方法 IVF-ET前自然周期阴式超声监测子宫内膜,卵泡晚期子宫内膜非三线征者共77例,随机分组：观察组（47例）在垂体降调节超促排卵周期月经第1～2天行子宫内膜搔刮术;对照组（30例）不做处理。比较两组患者的一般临床资料及治疗结局。结果两组的年龄、不孕因素及年限、用药量、移植胚胎数等比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,观察组的种植率（30.30%）及临床妊娠率（53.19%）显著高于对照组（分别为15.15%和30%）。观察组85.11%的患者搔刮术后卵泡晚期超声下子宫内膜形态得到改善。结论子宫内膜搔刮术能改善子宫内膜形态,提高周期临床妊娠率。     

近排卵期高回声子宫内膜及干预对子宫内膜异位症患者体外受精结局的影响

目的:评价近排卵期高回声子宫内膜及干预对子宫内膜异位症(内异症)患者体外受精(IVF)结局的影响。方法:内异症性不孕患者142例(147个周期),IVF前阴道B超监测自然周期子宫内膜,以近排卵期出现高回声子宫内膜患者为研究组,根据是否干预内膜再分成干预组(39例,42个周期)和未干预组(19例,19个周期);以内膜形态正常患者为对照组(84例,86个周期)。分析3组IVF结局。结果:干预组种植率及临床妊娠率高于未干预组及对照组(P<0.05);未干预组种植率低于对照组(P<0.05),临床妊娠率低于对照组(分别为15.8%及36.0%),但差异无统计学意义;干预组与未干预相比,HCG日内膜异常形态比率显著降低(P<0.05);干预组与对照组相比,HCG日内膜异常比率高,A型内膜比率低,B型内膜比率显著升高(P<0.05);未干预组与对照组相比,HCG日异常内膜比率高,A型及B型内膜比率低(P<0.05)。结论:内异症患者自然周期近排卵期出现高回声子宫内膜可降低IVF种植率及临床妊娠率,干预后可改善内膜形态及IVF结局。     

冷冻胚胎移植前应用宫腔镜检查联合子宫内膜轻创术的意义

目的:探讨宫腔镜检查联合子宫内膜轻创术对冷冻胚胎移植(FET)后的临床妊娠结局的影响。方法:选择2013年3月至2014年3月行FET治疗的不孕患者165例为研究对象,其中在FET前行宫腔镜检查联合子宫内膜轻创术95例为宫腔镜组,直接行FET治疗的70例为对照组。比较两组的临床妊娠率、胚胎种植率和不良妊娠率(包括早期流产、胚胎停育、异位妊娠);并对宫腔镜组中宫腔镜检查结果正常与异常(子宫内膜炎、子宫内膜息肉及增生、宫腔粘连)患者的临床妊娠结局进行比较。结果:宫腔镜组的临床妊娠率(57.89%)、胚胎种植率(38.51%)明显高于对照组(42.86%、26.15%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组不良妊娠率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。宫腔镜组中宫腔异常的发生率为50.53%,宫腔异常组中各种类型患者经治疗后的临床妊娠率、胚胎种植率分别与宫腔正常组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:宫腔镜检查联合子宫内膜轻创术可以提高FET周期的临床妊娠率、胚胎种植率。宫腔异常的患者经宫腔镜治疗后可改善子宫内膜的容受性。     

冷冻胚胎-解冻移植术周期中子宫内膜微刺激效果评价

目的探讨在冷冻胚胎-解冻移植(冻融胚胎移植,FET)周期中,子宫内膜微刺激术对自然周期患者子宫内膜评价指标及临床妊娠率的影响。方法 2013年1-7月于兰州大学第一医院生殖医学研究中心,前瞻性观察自然周期法实施冷冻胚胎-解冻移植术的不孕症患者591例,采用随机数字表法,将同期符合纳入标准行FET术的患者随机分为两组,分别为内膜刺激组与对照组,其中211例行内膜微刺激术(内膜刺激组),380例为对照组,对比不同时间和次数内膜微刺激对内膜形态特征的改善,分析微刺激术对FET周期治疗结局的影响。结果内膜微刺激术后超声监测HCG日两组子宫内膜厚度差异无统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,内膜刺激组临床妊娠率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。月经期和黄体期行内膜微刺激术两组临床妊娠率分别为60.00%和64.29%(P0.05);治疗前周期和第二周期移植妊娠率差异均无统计学意义(56.67%vs.60.00%,P0.05);第1次和第2次行内膜微刺激术后妊娠率为56.67%vs.54.17%(P0.05)。结论自然周期阴道超声监测子宫内膜提示形态较差的患者经内膜微刺激后可显著改善子宫内膜条件。内膜形态为C型的患者经微刺激后转为A型,可获得与对照组相同的妊娠率。     

生长激素在IVF-ET周期子宫内膜发育不良患者中的应用

目的:探讨生长激素(growth hormone,GH)在体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization-em-bryo transfer,IVF-ET)治疗中对子宫内膜发育不良者子宫内膜及临床结局的影响。方法:IVF-ET患者共67例,均由于子宫内膜发育不良而致IVF-ET种植失败,再次行IVF-ET治疗时随机分为研究组(加用GH治疗,32例)和对照组(未使用GH治疗,35例),统计分析患者的临床结局。结果:患者Gn用量、平均获卵数、受精率、优质胚胎率组间无统计学差异(P>0.05);研究组子宫内膜厚度、形态及子宫内膜和内膜下血流均较对照组有明显改善(P<0.01);研究组的胚胎种植率(31.4%)及临床妊娠率(39.5%)明显高于对照组(15.7%和19.8%)(P<0.01),早期流产率明显减低(14.6%vs 21.4%)(P<0.01)。结论:对内膜发育不良的患者进行IVF-ET治疗时加用GH可能是通过改善子宫内膜对胚胎的容受性,从而提高胚胎种植率及临床妊娠率,降低早期流产率。     

机械刺激子宫内膜对内膜形态不良者IVF-ET临床结局的影响

目的:探讨机械刺激子宫内膜对临床结局的影响及机制。方法:选取行体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)且其自然月经周期卵泡晚期超声提示子宫内膜形态不良的不育患者63例,随机分为研究组(n=30)和对照组(n=33)。研究组在胚胎移植前1～2周对子宫内膜行机械刺激,对照组未行机械刺激为,统计分析IVF-ET的临床结局。结果:Gn用量、hCG注射日P/E2值、平均获卵数、受精率及移植优质胚胎数组间无统计学差异(P>0.05);研究组子宫内膜形态及子宫内膜和内膜下血流均较对照组有明显改善(P<0.01);研究组的胚胎种植率及临床妊娠率明显高于对照组(P<0.01),早期流产率明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:机械刺激子宫内膜可能是通过改善子宫内膜形态及子宫内膜和内膜下血流,从而提高胚胎种植率及临床妊娠率,降低早期流产率。     

冷冻胚胎-解冻移植术周期中子宫内膜微刺激效果评价北大核心CSCD

目的探讨在冷冻胚胎-解冻移植(冻融胚胎移植,FET)周期中,子宫内膜微刺激术对自然周期患者子宫内膜评价指标及临床妊娠率的影响。方法 2013年1-7月于兰州大学第一医院生殖医学研究中心,前瞻性观察自然周期法实施冷冻胚胎-解冻移植术的不孕症患者591例,采用随机数字表法,将同期符合纳入标准行FET术的患者随机分为两组,分别为内膜刺激组与对照组,其中211例行内膜微刺激术(内膜刺激组),380例为对照组,对比不同时间和次数内膜微刺激对内膜形态特征的改善,分析微刺激术对FET周期治疗结局的影响。结果内膜微刺激术后超声监测HCG日两组子宫内膜厚度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与对照组相比,内膜刺激组临床妊娠率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。月经期和黄体期行内膜微刺激术两组临床妊娠率分别为60.00%和64.29%(P>0.05);治疗前周期和第二周期移植妊娠率差异均无统计学意义(56.67%vs.60.00%,P>0.05);第1次和第2次行内膜微刺激术后妊娠率为56.67%vs.54.17%(P>0.05)。结论自然周期阴道超声监测子宫内膜提示形态较差的患者经内膜微刺激后可显著改善子宫内膜条件。内膜形态为C型的患者经微刺激后转为A型,可获得与对照组相同的妊娠率。     

子宫内膜轻微吸刮术改善反复着床失败妇女妊娠结局的应用

目的:探讨子宫内膜微吸刮术对反复着床失败妇女再次体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)临床妊娠结局的影响。方法:选择2011年8月至2012年5月北京大学第三医院生殖医学中心的164例反复着床失败妇女进行前瞻性对照研究,研究组82例于再次IVF-ET术前行子宫内膜轻微吸刮术,对照组82例IVF-ET术前未行子宫内膜轻微吸刮术。观察两组患者妊娠结局。结果:两组患者年龄、不孕年限、不孕原因、基础FSH值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组间促性腺激素使用天数、HCG注射日子宫内膜厚度、获卵数、移植胚胎数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组和对照组胚胎着床率(22.12% vs 10.55%)、临床妊娠率(41.46% vs 20.73%)及继续妊娠率(36.58% vs 15.85%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:子宫内膜轻微吸刮术能提高反复着床失败妇女再次IVF-ET术后的临床妊娠率,改善临床妊娠结局。     

宫腔粘连分离术后冻融胚胎移植周期轻刮子宫内膜对改善妊娠结局的影响研究

目的探讨宫腔粘连分离术后子宫内膜轻刮术对冻融胚胎移植结局的影响。方法选择2011年1月至2014年12月在郑州大学附属洛阳中心医院行冻融胚胎移植(FET)的不孕症患者,在进入FET周期前宫腔镜检查确诊宫腔粘连(IUA),行宫腔镜下IUA分离术,术后复查宫腔镜显示宫腔形态正常行FET共277例。其中129例在FET前行子宫内膜轻刮术(治疗组),余148例未行子宫内膜轻刮术(对照组)。比较两组周期取消率及周期妊娠结局;将两组患者再分别分为轻度IUA组和中度IUA组,先比较治疗组和对照组内轻度和中度IUA患者的妊娠结局,再分别比较治疗组和对照组间轻度、中度IUA患者的妊娠结局。结果治疗组和对照组周期取消率差异无统计学意义[3.1%(4/129)vs.6.1%(9/148),P0.05]。治疗组临床妊娠率[48.0%(60/125)]高于对照组[33.1%(46/139)],差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组胚胎着床率[25.2%(64/254)],高于对照组[17.8%(51/286)],差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与轻度IUA患者比较,两组中度IUA患者胚胎着床率及临床妊娠率均降低(P0.05)。与治疗组中度IUA患者比较,对照组中度IUA患者临床妊娠率降低(P0.05)。流产率和宫外孕率两组间以及两组内比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论子宫内膜轻刮术显著提高IUA术后患者子宫内膜容受性,尤其对中度IUA术后患者子宫内膜轻刮术可显著提高FET助孕周期妊娠率。     

手术剥除子宫内膜异位囊肿对IVF-ET结局的影响

目的:探讨子宫内膜异位囊肿手术剥除与否对IVF-ET结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析接受IVF-ET第1周期治疗的305例患者,分成子宫内膜异位囊肿手术组(A组)、子宫内膜异位囊肿未手术组(B组)和管性不孕对照组(C组),采用长、短方案进行超促排卵,比较3组的IVF结局。结果:无论刺激方案如何,A组平均获卵数低于B组与C组(P≤0.001),而FSH用量高于C组(P<0.001),A组妊娠率低于B组,B组妊娠率低于C组(P<0.05)。B组与C组相比,除FSH用量较高(P<0.001)外,获卵数、总胚胎数、优质胚胎率、可利用胚胎数3组间比较无统计学差异。此外,在A组中,手术侧卵巢平均获卵数低于健侧卵巢(P<0.01),且术侧卵巢未获卵的比例达24%。结论:子宫内膜异位囊肿患者IVF结局不良;手术剥除子宫内膜异位囊肿并不能改善IVF结局,反而降低了卵巢反应性。     

miRNAs小鼠哮喘模型中的作用初探

目的 探讨小鼠哮喘模型中miRNAs的差异表达情况.方法 将24只BALB/c小鼠随机分为正常对照组、卵清蛋白处理组、地塞米松治疗组各8只,使用血细胞分析仪检测每组肺泡灌洗液中嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)、嗜中性粒细胞(NEU)、巨噬细胞(MAC)和淋巴细胞(LYM)的表达情况,通过ELISA的方法 检测每组肺泡灌洗液中白细...     

Role of ultrasound in the management of diabetes in pregnancy

The purpose of this review is to discuss the established role of ultrasound (US) in the management of pregnancy complicated by diabetes mellitus (DM), as well as new developments with regard to the use of US in this situation. We choose to explore the role of US in pregnancy complicated by DM in three areas:

(1) Role of US in estimation of fetal weight.

(2) Role of US in diagnosis of congenital malformation.

(3) Role of US in monitoring diabetic pregnant patients.     

Increase in incidence of gastroschisis in the South West of England in 1995

Objective To describe the incidence of gastroschisis and to identify possible aetiological factors.
Design A retrospective case review study.
Setting The South West Region of England.
Population All known cases of gastroschisis were identified from the regional fetal medicine, ultrasound, pathology and neonatal surgery databases. Datasets to be collected were agreed prospectively and included demographic, past medical, family and obstetric information for all pregnancies conceived between January 1987 and December 1995.
Results In the first eight years the incidence was 1.61 10,000 but in 1995 a highly statistically significant rise to 4.4/ 10,000 was found (   P = 0.0009  ). The increased incidence was not associated with changes in maternal age, proportion of primigravidae, use of tobacco or illicit drugs, conception while taking the oral contraceptive pill, or an increase in the number of teenage pregnancies. The median maternal age at last menstrual period for pregnancies with gastroschisis was 20.4 years which was much younger than the national average of 28 years. Thirty-seven percent of these conceptions occurred during the first quarter of the year compared with the expected 25%.
Conclusions The incidence of gastroschisis has risen to a higher level than previously reported which, despite a marked association with young maternal age at conception, is not due to an increase in the teenage pregnancy rate. As the average length of inpatient stay in the neonatal intensive care unit for cases with this malformation is approximately four weeks, the rise has considerable cost implications. The increasing incidence may also offer opportunities to determine the cause of gastroschisis.     

Challenges in the Practice of Sexual Medicine in the Time of COVID-19 in China

BackgroundIn March 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a pandemic. Currently, data on changes in sexual behavior during the COVID-19 outbreak are limited.AimThe present study aimed to obtain a preliminary understanding of the changes in people's sexual behavior, as a result of the pandemic, and explore the context in which they manifest.MethodsA convenience sample of 270 men and 189 women who completed an online survey consisting of 12 items plus an additional question were included in the study.OutcomesThe study outcomes were obtained using a study-specific questionnaire to assess the changes in people's sexual behavior.ResultsWhile there was a wide range of individual responses, our results showed that 44% of participants reported a decrease in the number of sexual partners and about 37% of participants reported a decrease in sexual frequency. Multiple regression analysis showed that age, partner relationship, and sexual desire were closely related to sexual frequency. In addition, we found that most individuals with risky sexual experiences had a rapid reduction in risky sexual behavior.Clinical ImplicationsThe current findings contribute to identifying another potential health implication associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and report preliminary evidence of the need to provide potential interventions for the population.Strength & LimitationsThis study is the first to perform a preliminary exploration of sexual behavior during the COVID-19 outbreak. The generalizability of the results is limited, given that only a small convenience sample was used.ConclusionDuring the height of the COVID-19 outbreak, overall sexual activity, frequency, and risky behaviors declined significantly among young men and women in China.Li W, Li G, Xin C, et al. Challenges in the Practice of Sexual Medicine in the Time of COVID-19 in China. J Sex Med 2020;17:1225–1228.     

Effectiveness of Antihypertensive Drugs in the Treatment of Hypertension in Pregnancy

The purpose of this open, prospective, randomized, comparative study was to examine the effectiveness of atenolol, a cardioselective beta₁ blocker, alphamethyldopa, an alpha-adrenergic antagonist, and ketanserin, a serotonin receptor antagonist, in the treatment of 90 patients (N–30 each) with severe chronic hypertension (ChH) during pregnancy or severe pregnancy-induced hypertension, with or without proteinuria in either case.

Arterial blood pressure (BP) for each drug group was analyzed at the onset of treatment, weekly for three weeks, and at the end of pregnancy. After one week of treatment a significant drop in BP was observed in the three groups of patients. Thereafter BP remained stable until the end of gestation, when a slight increase in BP was observed, especially in the group of patients treated with ketanserin.

No significant difference was observed between the groups in mean birthweight and perinatal morbidity and mortality. No adverse effects from the drugs on the fetus or newborn were observed. No significant difference was observed among the three drugs in their antihypertensive effect. However, given the relatively small numbers of patients studied, definitive statements regarding the relative efficacy and safety of alphamethyldopa, ketanserin and atenolol cannot be made. Thus, additional, larger controlled trials of these agents are required.     

Seroprevalence of TORCH infections in women of childbearing age in Croatia

During 2005–2009, a seroepidemiological study was carried out in Croatia to define the population susceptible to common TORCH agents among pregnant and non-pregnant women of childbearing age. The IgG seroprevalence was 29.1% forT. gondii, 94.6% for rubella, 75.3% for cytomegalovirus (CMV), 78.7% for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and 6.8% for HSV-2. Acute toxoplasmosis and CMV infection (positive IgM antibodies with low IgG avidity) were documented in 0.25% and 0.09% women, respectively. IgM prevalence was 1.2% for both HSV-1 and HSV-2. None of the participants showed acute rubella infection. Seropositivity to T. gondii and HSV-2 varied significantly between age groups (p?=?0.001 and p?=?0.036, respectively). Women residing in rural regions showed a significantly higher seroprevalence rate for T. gondii, CMV, and HSV-1 than urban women (T. gondii: 44.0% vs. 25.4%, p?<?0.001; CMV: 85.0% vs. 73.1%, p?=?0.018; HSV-1: 86.0% vs. 76.4%, p?=?0.041).     

细胞自噬在子宫腺肌病发病机制中作用的研究进展

子宫腺肌病(adenomyosis)作为女性常见疾病之一,其常见症状如痛经、经量过多对患者生活质量造成严重影响,常并发贫血甚至休克,子宫腺肌病还可导致不良妊娠及不孕症。子宫腺肌病保守治疗效果较差、较易复发,部分患者需接受手术治疗。子宫腺肌病的发病机制目前尚不明确,近年也逐渐成为妇科领域的研究热点。细胞自噬(autophagy)作为调节细胞生长代谢的重要生理机制,其在包括肿瘤在内的众多疾病的发生、发展中发挥着重要作用。近年细胞自噬在子宫腺肌病发生、发展及转归方面的作用日益引起关注,针对两者之间关系的研究也越来越多。总结自噬在子宫腺肌病中作用的最新相关研究进展,并对自噬在子宫腺肌病治疗中的潜在作用进行探讨。     

广州地区6493例女性生殖道人乳头状瘤病毒检测结果分析

目的了解广州地区妇女生殖道人乳头状瘤病毒感染状况和基因亚型分布。方法 2006年10月至2010年2月,采用核酸分子快速导流杂交基因芯片分型技术(HybriMax)对广州地区6493例女性进行人乳头状瘤病毒检测,并对HPVDNA亚型、感染率和年龄分布进行分析。结果 6493例女性中检出HPV阳性1947例,阳性率为29.99%。阳性感染者中,单一型感染最多,为1436例,占73.75%,其中高危单一型感染者1143例,占58.71%,低危单一型感染者293例,占15.05%;混合型感染者511例,占26.25%,主要为双重感染,占19.41%。15个与宫颈癌密切相关的HPV高危亚型阳性率为25.24%,6个低危亚型HPV感染阳性率为7.98%。排在前十位的亚型分别是HPV52(25.22%)、HPV58(14.20%)、HPV16(13.56%)、HPV6(9.76%)、HPV11(8.32%)、HPV53(7.70%)、HPV33(6.73%)、CP8304(6.68)、HPV68(6.63)、HPV18(6.52%)。在各年龄组中,小于20岁女性感染率最高,为52.5%,各年龄组HPV感染差异有统计学意义...