时间-空间相关成像技术评估宫内生长受限胎儿心功能的研究

目的 :探讨时间-空间相关成像技术评估孕晚期宫内生长受限(IUGR)胎儿的心功能变化。方法 :选择孕晚期30例IUGR胎儿和50例正常胎儿,分别作为研究组和对照组。在孕29~36周,通过时间-空间相关成像技术分别采集2组胎儿左心室收缩末期容积(ESV)和舒张末期容积(EDV),计算2组胎儿左心室每搏输出量(SV)、心输出量(CO)和射血分数(EF),并行统计学分析。结果:2组胎儿随着生长发育,SV和CO逐渐增加组间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),且均与孕龄呈正相关(均P0.05);EF则相对恒定(均P0.05)。结论 :时间-空间相关成像技术可较简便、准确地测量胎儿的心室ESV和EDV,IUGR组SV和CO明显低于正常组,EF评估胎儿心功能不够完善。     

Tei指数评价正常胎儿和心力衰竭胎儿心功能的应用价值

目的:探讨Tei指数在评价正常胎儿和心力衰竭胎儿心脏功能中的应用价值。方法:测量400例正常胎儿(20~25周、26~30周、31~35周、36~40周各100例)左、右心室Tei指数,分析孕周、心率对此指数的影响。测量8例心力衰竭胎儿和与其孕龄匹配的30例正常胎儿左、右心室Tei指数,分析两者之间有无显著性差异。结果:400例正常胎儿左心室Tei指数为0.319±0.0104,右心室Tei指数为0.328±0.105,两者之间具有相关性(r=0.766,P<0.001);不同孕龄胎儿之间的Tei指数差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05)。胎儿左、右心室Tei指数与心率无明显相关(P>0.05)。8例心力衰竭胎儿左室Tei指数为0.556±0.141,右室Tei指数为0.819±0.280,比正常胎儿左、右心室Tei指数显著升高,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论:Tei指数是一种简单可靠的定量综合评价心脏收缩和舒张功能的指标。     

时间-空间相关成像技术测量妊娠期糖尿病胎儿心脏结构

目的探讨时间-空间相关成像技术对妊娠期糖尿病胎儿心脏结构的测量价值。资料与方法选取血糖控制良好的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇胎儿33例,以正常妊娠孕妇胎儿119例作为对照组。运用时间-空间相关成像技术后处理获得M型图像,比较两组胎儿心室收缩末期和舒张末期内径、心室缩短分数、心室壁和室间隔收缩和舒张末期厚度。结果血糖控制良好的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇胎儿与正常妊娠胎儿左、右心室收缩末期和舒张末期内径差异无统计学意义(W=2392、2278、2344、2218,P>0.05);左、右心室壁收缩和舒张末期厚度差异无统计学意义(W=2103、2142.5、2041.5、2113.5,P>0.05);室间隔收缩末期和舒张末期厚度差异无统计学意义(W=2183、2336,P>0.05);左、右心室缩短分数差异亦无统计学意义(W=2218.5、2071,P>0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的血糖控制良好,胎儿的心脏结构和收缩功能影响不明显。     

超声心动图对妊娠期糖尿病胎儿心脏功能的评价

目的:探讨超声心动图在评价妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)胎儿心脏构型和功能变化中的价值。方法:对31例GDM胎儿(观察组)和35例健康孕妇胎儿(对照组)进行心脏结构和功能相关指标测定,并行组间比较。结果:观察组胎儿左心室厚度、右心室舒张末期内径、右室收缩末期内径、右心室壁的厚度、室间隔收缩末期厚度、左室射血分数、左室及右室短轴缩短率测定值均大于对照组,二尖瓣、三尖瓣E峰和A峰的速度比值均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);2组胎儿左室舒张、收缩末期内径及室间隔舒张末期厚度测定值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组胎儿左右心室Tei指数均明显大于对照组(P0.05)。结论:GDM胎儿心脏构型和功能多发生变化,多普勒超声是评价这种变化的有效方法。     

产前超声对胎儿先天性心脏病的诊断价值

目的:探讨胎儿先天性心脏病(简称先心病)的超声诊断价值。方法:采用彩色多普勒超声对41875例孕20周以上的胎儿常规进行心脏普查,并与尸解及生后心脏手术结果及随访结果对照。结果:发现20例胎儿有先天性心脏缺陷,其中完全性心内膜垫缺损2例,原发孔性房间隔缺损3例,单心房、单心室、右室双出口、三尖瓣下移畸形各2例,室间隔缺损5例,法乐四联症2例。产前超声确诊16例,漏诊4例。结论:21孕周以上常规采用顺序显示法(四腔切面-五腔切面-左室长轴切面-大动脉短轴切面)进行胎儿心脏超声检测对先心病的诊断具有重要价值。     

Tel指数评价儿童三尖瓣下移畸形手术前后心功能的变化

目的:评价Tei指数估测儿童三尖瓣下移畸形手术前后心功能变化的价值.方法:38例接受三尖瓣下移畸形手术治疗的患儿,分别于手术前后应用超声心动图测量左、右心室Tei指数.另选取80名正常儿童作为对照组.结果:正常组左、右心室Tei指数分别为0.30±0.08、0.26±0.08,三尖瓣下移畸形患儿术前左、右心室Tei指数分别为0.464±0.09、0.50±0.11,均高于正常组(P＜0.05),术后患者左、右心室Tel指数分别为0.36±0.06、0.334±0.06,明显降低,但尚未恢复至正常组水平(P＜0.05),结论:三尖瓣下移畸形患者术前存在心功能不全,手术可以得到改善;Tei指数可以较准确评价三尖瓣下移畸形患者的心功能变化.     

Tei指数评价儿童三尖瓣下移畸形手术前后心功能的变化

目的:评价Tei指数估测儿童三尖瓣下移畸形手术前后心功能变化的价值。方法:38例接受三尖瓣下移畸形手术治疗的患儿,分别于手术前后应用超声心动图测量左、右心室Tei指数。另选取80名正常儿童作为对照组。结果:正常组左、右心室Tei指数分别为0.30±0.08、0.26±0.08,三尖瓣下移畸形患儿术前左、右心室Tei指数分别为0.46±0.09、0.50±0.11,均高于正常组(P<0.05),术后患者左、右心室Tei指数分别为0.36±0.06、0.33±0.06,明显降低,但尚未恢复至正常组水平(P<0.05)。结论:三尖瓣下移畸形患者术前存在心功能不全,手术可以得到改善;Tei指数可以较准确评价三尖瓣下移畸形患者的心功能变化。     

Tei指数评价水肿胎儿心室功能的定量研究

目的探讨Tei指数评价水肿胎儿心室功能的可行性。方法应用多普勒超声心动图测量17名孕龄在20～39周的水肿胎儿及55名孕龄在28～40周正常对照胎儿左、右心室多普勒时间间期,获得左、右心室Tei指数,比较水肿胎儿组与正常对照组Tei指数有无差异性。结果水肿胎儿组左、右心室Tei指数与正常对照组有差异性（P〈0．01）。结论Tei指数能简便、敏感地评估胎儿心脏整体收缩、舒张功能。     

组织多普勒与脉冲多普勒法Tei指数评价冠心病左心功能的对比研究

目的：比较组织多普勒成像（ TDI）与脉冲多普勒（ PD） 两种方法所获得的Tei指数对冠心病患者左心功能的应用价值.材料和方法：冠心病患者41例,正常对照组28例,采用M型超声检测左心射血分数（EF）和缩短分数（FS）.将两种方法测得的Tei 指数（TDI-Tei、PD-Tei）、EF及FS进行组间比较,并对冠心病组PD-Tei、TDI-Tei与EF以及PD-Tei和TDI-Tei之间进行相关性分析.结果：比较正常组与冠心病组的左心Tei指数： PD-Tei、TDI-Tei,EF及FS值,P值均〈0.05,差异有统计学意义.两种方法测得的Tei指数与EF间均呈线性相关,P〈0.01,且TDI-Tei与PD-Tei亦呈线性相关（r=0.731）.结论：Tei指数能有效地评价冠心病患者的左心功能,两种方法测值相关性良好.     

定量组织速度成像技术及组织追踪成像技术评价妊娠期高血压疾病患者心功能

目的:采用定量组织速度成像技术(quantitative tissue velocity imaging,QTVI)及组织追踪成像技术(tissue tracking imaging,TTI)超声心动图评价妊娠期高血压疾病(hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy,HDCP)患者心功能。方法:测量30例HDCP患者(HDCP组)和50例健康孕妇(对照组),在心尖四腔心切面,用QTVI及TTI测量左右心室心肌运动的收缩期峰值速度、Tei指数、收缩期峰值位移。结果:HDCP组与对照组的EF值分别为(61.00±2.35)%、(62.00±3.82)%,差异无统计学意义。HDCP组与对照组左心室心肌运动的收缩期峰值速度分别为(7.37±1.82)cm/s、(8.13±1.64)cm/s,右心室收缩期心肌运动峰值速度分别为(6.90±0.52)cm/s、(7.80±0.38)cm/s,左心室收缩期峰值位移分别为(10.43±1.35)mm、(11.95±1.95)mm,右心室收缩期峰值位移分别为(7.20+1.18)mm、(8.60±1.89)mm,左心室Tei指数分别为0.59±0.06、0.46±0.07,右心室Tei指数分别为0.62±0.09、0.47±0.08,2组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:QTVI及TTI超声心动图可定量评价HDCP患者心功能改变。     

回顾性心电门控多层螺旋CT对急性肺栓塞右心室功能障碍及溶栓前后右心室功能变化的评价

目的 应用ECG门控MSCT前瞻性对中心型急性肺动脉栓塞(APE)患者右心功能障碍及静脉溶栓前后右心功能变化进行评价.方法 96名可疑APE患者进行了ECG门控MSCT胸痛三联检查,25例确诊为中心型肺栓塞.行胸痛三联检查无心肺疾患且性别、年龄匹配的25例作为对照组.APE患者于静脉溶栓后复查MSCT,评价右心功能恢复情况.测量参数包括横断面舒张期的右心室(RV)及左心室(LV)短轴最大内径,RV及LV舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)、射血分数(EF)、主肺动脉/主动脉直径比.应用单因素方差分析,如果有统计学意义,则采用两两组间q检验.结果 对照组的右心室EDV、ESV、EF值、收缩末期RV/LV容积比、横断面RV/LV内径比及主肺动脉/主动脉直径比分别为(15O.5±24.1)ml、(71.5±18.5)ml、(53.5±4.2)%、1.08±0.04、1.01±0.04及0.99±0.02,中心型APE患者溶栓前以上各值分别为(190.3±16.2)ml、(128.1±13.2)ml、(32.7±3.6)%、2.00±0.26、1.30±0.09及1.34±0.11,溶栓后分别为(159.2±21.5)ml、(80.7±9.4)ml、(49.2±5.9)%、1.22±0.25、1.02±0.02及1.02±0.11.中心型APE患者与对照组比较,右心室ESV(q=6.28,P<0.01)及EDV均增大(q=7.59,P<0.01),EF减小(q=4.82,P<0.01),收缩末期RV/LV容积比增大(q=6.04,P<0.01),横断面RV/LV内径比(q=4.43,P<0.01)及主肺动脉/主动脉直径比增大(q=4.36,P<0.01),左心室EDV减小.中心型APE患者静脉溶栓后,与溶栓前比较,右心室ESV(q=5.03,P<0.01)及EDV减小(q=6.11,P<0.01),EF增加(q=6.29,P<0.01),收缩末期RV/LV容积比减小(q=4.74,P<0.01),横断面RV/LV内径比(q=3.83,P<0.01)及主肺动脉/主动脉直径比减小(q=3.46,P<0.01),左心室EDV增大(q=4.01,P<0.01).结论 回顾性ECG门控MSCT胸痛三联检查可同时检测APE和测量左右心功能,排除其他胸痛疾病,评价溶栓疗效.     

Assessment of global left ventricular function: comparison of cardiac multidetector-row computed tomography with angiocardiography

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of left ventricular function using electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated multidetector row CT (MDCT) by using 3 different volumetric assessment methods in comparison to assessment of the left ventricular function by invasive ventriculography. METHODS: Thirty patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease underwent MDCT coronary angiography with retrospective ECG cardiac gating. Raw data were reconstructed at the end-diastolic and end-systolic periods of the heart cycle. To calculate the volumes of the left ventricle, 3 methods were applied: The 3-dimensional data set (3D), the geometric hemisphere cylinder (HC), and the geometric biplane ellipsoid (BE) methods. End-diastolic volumes (EDV), end-systolic volumes (ESV), the stroke volumes (SV), and ejection fractions (EF) were calculated. The left ventricular volumetric data from the 3 methods were compared with measurements from left ventriculography (LVG). RESULTS: The best results were obtained using the 3D method; EDV (r = 0.73), ESV (r = 0.88), and EF (r = 0.76) correlated well with the LVG data. The EDV volumes did not differ significantly between LVG and the 3D method (P = 0.24); however, ESV, SV, and EF differed significantly. The ESV were significantly overestimated (P < 0.01), leading to an underestimation of the SV (P < 0.01) and the EF (P < 0.01). The HC method resulted in the greatest overestimation of the volumes. The EDV and the ESV were 31.8 +/- 37.6% and 136.4 +/- 92.9% higher than the EDV and ESV volumes obtained by LVG. Bland-Altman analysis showed systematic overestimation of the ESV using the HC method. CONCLUSION: MDCT with retrospective cardiac ECG gating allows the calculation of left ventricular volumes to estimate systolic function. The 3D method had the highest correlation with LVG. However, the overestimation of the ESV is significant, which led to an underestimation of the SV and the EF.     

Influence of cardiac hemodynamic parameters on coronary artery opacification with 64-slice computed tomography

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV), heart rate, and cardiac output (CO) on coronary artery opacification with 64-slice computed tomography (CT). Sixty patients underwent, retrospectively, electrocardiography-gated 64-slice CT coronary angiography. Left ventricular EF, SV, and CO were calculated with semi-automated software. Attenuation values were measured and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) were calculated in the proximal right coronary artery (RCA) and left main artery (LMA). Mean EF during scanning was 61.5±12.4%, SV was 63.2±15.6 ml, heart rate was 62.5±11.8 beats per minute (bpm), and CO was 3.88±1.06 l/min. There was no significant correlation between the EF and heart rate and the attenuation and CNR in either coronary artery. A significant negative correlation was found in both arteries between SV and attenuation (RCA r=−0.26, P<0.05; LMA r=−0.34, P<0.01) and between SV and CNR (RCA r=−0.26, P<0.05; LMA r=−0.26, P<0.05). Similarly, a significant negative correlation was found between the CO and attenuation (RCA r=−0.42, P<0.05; LMA r=−0.56, P<0.001) and between the CO and CNR (RCA r=−0.39, P<0.05; LMA r=−0.44, P<0.001). The actual hemodynamic status of the patient influences the coronary artery opacification with 64-slice CT, in that vessel opacification decreases as SV and CO increase.     

Assessment of global left and right ventricular function using dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) in comparison to MRI: an experimental study in a porcine model

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the ability of retrospectively ECG-gated dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) to assess left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) functional parameters in comparison to 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten domestic pigs (60 kg) underwent both contrast-enhanced cardiac DSCT and cardiac MRI using standardized examination protocols under general anesthesia. From manually drawn endocardial and epicardial contours, LV and RV end-systolic (ESV) and end-diastolic volume (EDV), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), myocardial mass (MM), peak filling rate (PFR), peak ejection rate (PER), time to peak ejection (TPE), and time to peak filling (TPF) were calculated by means of dedicated analysis software. LV and RV functional parameters were analyzed using Bland-Altman plots, Student t test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Both left and right ESV and EDV, SV and EF determined with DSCT correlated well with MR imaging results (left, r = 0.98/0.92/0.82/0.98; right, r = 0.90/0.94/0.96/0.94). PER, PFR, TPE, TPF, and MM showed only a moderate to low correlation (left, r = 0.67/0.37/0.23/0.35/0.57; right, r = 0.78/0.69/0.12/0.11/0.44). PER and PFR were significantly underestimated by DSCT when compared with MRI. CONCLUSIONS: Retrospectively ECG-gated DSCT correctly depicts end-systole and can accurately determine LV and RV volumes, SV, and EF in comparison to MRI. DSCT showed a significant underestimation of PER and PFR in comparison to MRI.     

中国人心脏房室腔内径及左右心室功能正常参数的MRI研究

目的 使用MRI测量中国正常成人心脏各房室腔内径及心功能参数.方法 共269名正常志愿者,无线矢量心电门控下,采用单次激发半傅立叶快速自旋回波与真实稳态自由进动序列,分别获得标准心脏各长轴及短轴切面二维体层及电影图像.由2名医师独立分析MRI,分别测量心脏各房室腔径线及心功能后处理分析,获得包括射血分数(EF)、舒张末容积(EDV)、收缩末容积( ESV)及心肌质量(CM)等心功能参数.男性与女性相对应参数做非配对的t检验.结果 所有志愿者均完成MR扫描,平均扫描时间(15 ±3) min.心脏各房室腔主要参数为:左心房前后径(2.87±0.77) cm,右心房径(垂直于房间隔,3.61 ±0.57)cm,左心室舒张末横径(4.97±0.52) cm,右心室舒张末横径(2.65±0.48) cm,心功能主要参数为:左心室EF (60.62±7.08)％、EDV( 128.27±32.16) ml、ESV(46.02±15.72) ml、CM( 82.97±24.03)g;右心室EF (47.73±6.50)％、EDV(115.37±26.71) ml、ESV(67.7±21.07) ml、CM(48.24±13.42)g.除左心室ESV(P =0.144)、EDV指数(P=0.714)、ESV指数(P =0.113)、心脏指数(P=0.199)及右心室EF值(P=0.296)和ESV指数(P =0.093)男女差异无统计学意义外,其余各指标性别间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 MRI以其高度的可重复性可获得正常中国人心脏形态与功能信息.     

体重指数对中国成年男性左心结构和功能影响的心血管MRI研究

目的应用心血管磁共振(cardiovascular magnetic resonance,CMR)评价体重指数(body mass index,BMI)对中国成年男性左心结构和功能的影响。方法选取2010年10月~2018年3月行CMR检查的男性体检者共420例,年龄30~50岁,按体重指数(BMI)分为三组,正常体重组(<24 kg/m²)164例、超重组(24.0~27.9 kg/m²)190例和肥胖组(≥28.0 kg/m²)66例。应用1.5T Siemens Magnetom Essenza和GE磁共振扫描仪进行CMR检查,应用CVI⁴²(v5.6.2,Canada)软件包进行心脏结构及功能参数的测量,将乳头肌纳入心肌质量,不计入心室容积;心室容积包含心室流出道,逐层勾画出左室心内膜、心外膜轮廓后计算得出以下参数:左心室舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)、射血分数(EF)、每搏输出量(SV)、心输出量(CO)、心肌质量(LVM)及经体表面积(BSA)校正的值:EDVI=EDV/BSA、ESVI=ESV/BSA、LVMI=LVM/BSA,左心室心肌质量容积比LVM/EDV。结果CO、LVM、LVM/EDV与BMI呈正相关(P<0.05)。与正常体重组比较,超重组及肥胖组EDV、SV显著增加,超重组EF较正常体重组增大(P<0.05)。经BSA校正,超重组ESVI、LVMI及肥胖组EDVI、ESVI、LVMI均与正常体重组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而超重与肥胖组两组间及ESV各组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.42)。结论BMI增加可使EDV、CO、SV、EF及LVM改变,且超重未达肥胖时,即可引起左心室重构、影响左心收缩功能;BSA可校正部分由BMI增加导致的左心结构功能参数改变的差异。     

Comparison of electron beam computed tomography with magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of right ventricular volumes and function

OBJECTIVE: Intraindividual comparison of right ventricular volumes and function using electron beam computed tomography (EBT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with a known cardiac history were referred for evaluation of ventricular function parameters. The following standardized protocols were used: contrast-enhanced multislice mode EBT and gradient echo sequence MRI. Right ventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), and ejection fraction (EF) were calculated using a slice summation method. Interobserver variability was calculated. RESULTS: The correlation between the 2 methods was: r = 0.901 for EDV, r = 0.938 for ESV, r = 0.823 for SV, and r = 0.953 for EF. Electron beam computed tomography overestimated EDV and ESV slightly when compared with MRI (P < 0.05). No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found between SV and EF. Mean values determined by EBT and MRI were as follows: 168.6 +/- 62.3 mL and 153.7 +/- 59.1 mL for EDV, 104.7 +/- 60.4 mL and 95.1 +/- 54.8 mL for ESV, 63.2 +/- 19.3 mL and 58.7 +/- 19.8 mL for SV, and 40.2% +/- 14.1% and 40.2% +/- 13.6% for EF, respectively. Interobserver variability ranged between 1.0% and 3.2%. CONCLUSION: Electron beam computed tomography shows good agreement with a close correlation and an acceptable interobserver variability for right ventricular volumes and global function, with a small but significant overestimation of EDV and ESV when compared with MRI.     

Assessment of left ventricular function and mass in patients undergoing computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography using 64-detector-row CT: comparison to magnetic resonance imaging

PURPOSE: To quantify left ventricular function and mass derived from retrospectively ECG-gated 64-detector-row computed tomography coronary angiography data sets in comparison to cine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as the reference standard. We hypothesized that the administration of beta-blockers prior to multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) coronary angiography has a significant impact on left ventricular functional parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Multiplanar reformations in the short-axis orientation were calculated from axial contrast-enhanced CT images in 21 patients (16 male, five female; age range 41-75 years, mean 64.3+/-6.8 years) referred for CT coronary angiography. Patients whose heart rates exceeded 60 bpm received 5 mg bisoprolol orally 1 hour before the MDCT examination. In case of insufficient heart-rate reduction, up to four vials (20 mg) of metoprolol were injected intravenously. The end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), cardiac output (CO), and left ventricular mass (LVM) of the reformatted images were analyzed compared to volumetric measurements based on continuous short-axis steady-state free-precession cine MR sequences (TR 3 ms, TE 1.5 ms, FA 60 degrees ). RESULTS: On average, each patient received 15.5 mg metoprolol (range 0-20 mg) and 3.85 mg bisoprolol (range 0-5 mg). The mean heart rate was 56+/-5 bpm during CT and 73+/-9 bpm during MRI examination. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Mean EDV and ESV measured on MDCT were significantly higher compared to MR (MDCT vs. MR: EDV 164.2+/-52.5 vs. 144.2+/-46.7 ml, ESV 77.3+/-46.6 vs. 63.8+/-47.3 ml; P<0.05). Mean EF and CO derived from MDCT images were significantly lower compared to MR (MDCT vs. MR: EF 55.4+/-11.8 vs. 59.3+/-15.4%, CO 4822+/-779 vs. 5755+/-1267 ml; P<0.05). Mean SV and LVM were not significantly different between both methods (MDCT vs. MR: SV 86.8+/-18.1 vs. 80.3+/-15.6 ml, P = 0.44; LVM 132.4+/-42.5 vs. 138.7+/-39.1 g, P = 0.31). CONCLUSION: Left ventricular volumes assessed by the newest-generation MDCT scanners are significantly higher compared with MRI, whereas ejection fraction and cardiac output are significantly lower in MDCT. This appears to be a result of the frequent application of beta-blockers prior to MDCT examinations.     

急性高原反应高原肺水肿的心脏结构心功能及血气改变

本文采用自身对比实验,观察了急性高原反应(HAAR)、高原肺水肿(HAPE)患者治疗前及恢复后的心脏结构、功能及血气变化。发现HAAR及HAPE患者动脉血氧分压(PaO_2)动脉血氧饱和状(SaO_2)发病时明显降低,二者相比HAPE降低更明显,HAAP及HAPE患者的左心室舒张末期容量缩小,右心室舒张末期容量明显扩大,射血分数(EF)、心搏量(SV)及心输出量(CO)发病时明显下降,左心室射血时间(LVET)、喷血前期(PEP)及PEP/LVET也明显异常。HAPE的心脏结构和功能改变较HAAP明显。提示左右心功能不全也是HAPE发病的原因之一。