最小努力(惰性)原则与慢性病预防行为选择

目的:探讨长链非编码RNA MEG3在胃癌组织及细胞系中的表达水平,以及过表达MEG3对胃癌细胞增殖能力的影响,并探索其可能的作用机制?方法:用定量反转录PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测胃癌组织及细胞系中MEG3的表达水平;通过转染pcDNA-MEG3上调MEG3的表达水平,并通过qRT-PCR检测转染效率?用MTT和克隆形成试验检测上调MEG3的水平对BGC-823细胞和MGC-803细胞的增殖能力的影响,Western blot检测这两种细胞中上调MEG3的水平对p53蛋白的表达水平的影响?结果:相比正常胃组织及细胞,在胃癌组织和细胞中MEG3的表达出现显著下调,SGC7901?MGC-803和BGC-823细胞中MEG3的表达水平分别是正常胃上皮细胞GES-1中的73.6%?42.0%和27.1%(P < 0.05)?BGC-823细胞和MGC-803细胞中转染pcDNA-MEG3能显著上调MEG3的表达,MEG3的表达水平分别为对照组的252倍和311倍(P < 0.05);MTT和克隆形成试验显示,上调MEG3的表达能降低BGC-823细胞和MGC-803细胞的增殖能力?Western blot实验显示,转染了pcDNA-MEG3的MGC-803和BGC-823细胞中p53的表达相较对照组中显著增加?结论:胃癌组织及细胞中MEG3的表达下调,且这可能通过抑制p53蛋白的激活从而促进胃癌细胞增殖,影响胃癌的发生和发展?     

黄酮类化合物GL-V9对人胃低分化黏液腺癌细胞株的凋亡作用及其机制

探讨黄酮类化合物GL-V9对人体低分化胃黏液腺癌细胞系MGC-803和BGC-823的凋亡作用及其机制。采用MTT法观察不同浓度的GL-V9作用于两种胃癌细胞后对其细胞活力的影响。采用Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法、DAPI染色法观察GL-V9对MGC-803细胞株凋亡率和细胞核形态的影响。采用免疫印迹法观察GL-V9对MGC-803细胞株中主要凋亡蛋白caspase-9,caspase-3的影响。应用钙离子荧光探针Fluo-3 AM检测GL-V9对MGC-803细胞株内钙离子浓度变化的影响。实验结果表明,GL-V9可以抑制胃癌细胞株MGC-803,BGC-823细胞活性,改变MGC-803细胞核形态,激活caspase-9,caspase-3蛋白,诱导细胞凋亡。同时,GL-V9可以显著上调MGC-803细胞中钙离子水平,这可能与GL-V9作用下的胃癌细胞株中线粒体凋亡通路的激活相关。     

MicroRNA-152在胃癌细胞中表达及对细胞增殖的影响

目的探讨microRNA-152(miR-152)在胃癌细胞中的表达情况以及对胃癌细胞增殖的影响及其可能的机制。方法采用实时荧光定量PCR(real-timePCR)方法检测胃癌细胞系MGC-803、SGC-7901、BGC-823和胃上皮细胞GES-1(作为对照)中miR-152的表达情况。采用脂质体法,转染miR-152模拟物(miR-152mimics)构建miR-152过表达体系,四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法检测miR-152对MGC-803胃癌细胞系增殖能力的影响,Westernblot检测转染miR-152mimics后E2F3蛋白的表达情况。结果 MGC-803、SGC-7901、BGC-823胃癌细胞系中miR-152的相对表达量分别为(0.05±0.01)、(0.19±0.03)、(0.48±0.09),表明在胃癌细胞中miR-152的表达明显下调(P<0.05)。MTT法检测结果显示,转染miR-152mimics后可明显抑制MGC-803胃癌细胞的增殖(P<0.05)。Westernblot结果表明,转染miR-152后,E2F3蛋白水平显著下降。结论 miR-152在胃癌细胞中明显低表达,并可能通过下调癌基因E2F3的表达,抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖,从而发挥抑癌基因的功能。     

长链非编码RNA LINC01133基因表达与胃癌发展的相关性研究

目的:探讨LINC01133在胃癌组织中的表达情况和对体外培养的胃癌细胞表型的影响。方法:采用qPCR检测各组织细胞的LINC01133的表达水平。比较30例胃癌组织及其相应癌旁组织LINC01133的表达。比较正常胃黏膜上皮细胞(GES-1细胞)、人胃癌细胞(MGC-803、BGC-823)中LINC01133的表达水平。选择LINC01133低表达的表达MGC-803细胞设置NC组(MGC-803细胞转染过表达空质粒组)与LINC01133组(MGC-803细胞转染LINCO1133-pcDNA3.1质粒组),比较两组LINC01133的表达水平。采用CCK-8、流式细胞术、划痕实验检测比较两组细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移。结果:胃癌组织中LINC01133的表达水平明显低于癌旁组织(P0.05)。MGC-803细胞的LINC01133表达水平低于GES-1和BGC-823细胞(P0.05)。LINC01133组LINC01133表达水平高于NC组(P0.05)。LINC01133组细胞存活与迁移速率均低于NC组,而细胞凋亡率高于NC组(P0.05)。结论:LINC01133在胃癌组织中表达下调,LINC01133表达可抑制胃癌细胞增殖、迁移,促进细胞凋亡,在胃癌发展中发挥抑癌基因的作用,LINC01133低表达可能是胃癌患者的一个不良因素,有望成为胃癌诊断和治疗中新的研究靶点。     

LncRNA LINC00342通过靶向miR-596促进胃癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭

目的 研究LINC00342在胃癌组织、细胞中的表达水平及影响胃癌细胞生物学功能的具体通路。方法 运用生物信息学技术,通过GEO数据库及相关预测软件,进行相关筛选及文献查询后,确定所研究的LncRNA及其下游所调控的miRNA;采用qRT-PCR检测LINC00342、miR-596在胃癌细胞系及人胃黏膜细胞中、胃癌组织及相应癌旁组织中的表达差异;细胞生物学功能上,过表达胃癌BGC-823细胞系中的LINC00342,将其分为pcDNA-LINC00342组和pcDNA组;过表达胃癌MGC-803细胞系中的miR-596,将其分为miR-596-mimic组及mimic-NC组;敲低胃癌MGC-803细胞系中LINC00342的表达,将其分为siLINC00342组及si-NC组、敲低胃癌BGC-823细胞系中miR-596的表达,将其分为miR-596-inhibitor组及inhibitor-NC组;分别进行CCK-8、Edu细胞增殖实验、划痕实验、Transwell细胞侵袭实验、细胞周期实验以验证LINC00342及miR-596对胃癌细胞功能的影响;双荧光素酶标记实验验证LIN...     

沉默PHLDA1基因表达抑制胃癌细胞增殖

目的: 明确普列克底物蛋白同源样结构域家族A成员1蛋白(PHLDA1)在各胃癌细胞系中的表达,探讨其对胃癌细胞生物学特性的影响。方法: 先采用蛋白质印迹和qRT-PCR法检测MGC-803、BGC-823、MKN45、SGC-7901和HGC-27共5种胃癌细胞系中PHLDA1蛋白和mRNA的表达;再将MGC-803细胞分为对照组(转染乱序RNA)和干扰组(转染靶向干扰PHLDA1的siRNA),蛋白质印迹法检测2组细胞中PHLDA1蛋白的表达;CCK8实验检测细胞增殖率;平板克隆形成实验检测细胞克隆形成能力;蛋白质印迹检测各组细胞中Bax、Caspase-8、Cleaved-caspase-8、Caspase-3、Cleaved-caspase-3、Caspase-9和Cleaved-caspase-9凋亡相关蛋白的表达。结果： PHLDA1在5种胃癌细胞中呈不同程度高表达,在MGC-803细胞中表达量最高;与对照组比较,干扰组PHLDA1表达量显著降低(P＜0.01),细胞增殖率明显减慢,克隆形成数显著减少、单个克隆的细胞数明显减少(P均＜0.05),Cleaved-caspase-8、Cleaved-caspase-3、Caspase-9和Cleaved-caspase-9蛋白表达明显升高(P均＜0.05）。 结论： PHLDA1在胃癌细胞系中呈高表达,沉默其表达可抑制胃癌细胞增殖。     

miR-885-3p抑制胃癌细胞的增殖和迁移

目的 探讨微小RNA miRNA-885-3p对胃癌细胞增殖和迁移的影响.方法 采用qRT-PCR检测miR-NA-885-3p在4种胃癌细胞株(SGC-7901、MGC-803、BGC-823、AGS)以及人胃正常黏膜GES-1细胞中的表达.将mimic(miRNA-885-3p模拟物)或miRNA-NC转染SGC-...     

环状RNA hsa_circ_0079557在胃癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的: 探讨hsa_circ_0079557在胃癌中的表达水平和临床价值。方法： 收集5对胃癌组织及癌旁组织,高通量测序技术检测后结合circbase等数据库中胃癌数据分析,锁定差异表达的部分环状RNA。用qRT-PCR检测62对胃癌标本中hsa_circ_0079557表达,分析其与临床病理特征的关系;检测并分析hsa_circ_0079557在胃癌细胞（SGC-7901、BGC-823、HGC-27和MGC-803）和胃黏膜上皮GES-1细胞、胃癌患者和健康体检者血清中表达差异。siRNA敲减hsa_circ_0079557后,用细胞克隆形成实验、平板划痕实验、细胞周期流式实验分别检测胃癌细胞（HGC-27和MGC-803）增殖和迁移能力及细胞周期改变,蛋白印迹测定细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶3（cyclin dependent kinase 3,CDK3）表达水平。结果： qRT-PCR结果显示,hsa_circ_0079557在胃癌组织中表达水平明显高于癌旁组织,且其表达水平与肿瘤TMN分期相关（P均<0.05）;hsa_circ_0079557在胃癌细胞中表达水平明显高于胃黏膜上皮细胞（P＜0.05）;hsa_circ_0079557在胃癌患者血清中水平明显高于健康体检者（P＜0.05）且术前明显高于术后（P＜0.01）;hsa_circ_0079557敲减后HGC-27和MGC-803细胞增殖、MGC-803细胞迁移能力下降,HGC-27和MGC-803细胞CDK3表达水平下降（P＜0.05）。胃癌细胞株中hsa_circ_0079557敲减使细胞多阻滞于G₀-G₁期。结论： hsa_circ_0079557在胃癌组织中呈高表达,其可作为胃癌潜在的早期诊断及预后生物标志物。     

miR-1915-3p在胃癌细胞中的表达水平及其对胃癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 检测miR-1915-3p在胃癌细胞中的表达水平,探讨其对胃癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法 实时定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）检测胃癌细胞MGC-803、SGC-7901、MKN-45和永生化胃上皮细胞GES-1中miR-1915-3p的相对表达水平;转染实验将miR-1915-3p质粒和对照质粒（miR-NC）转染至MGC-803和SGC-7901中,分别设置MGC-803细胞miR-1915-3p组和miR-NC组及SGC-7901细胞miR-1915-3p组和miR-NC组;细胞增殖实验和凋亡实验分别检测miR-1915-3p组和miR-NC组细胞的光密度（OD）值和凋亡率;蛋白免疫印迹（Western blot）实验检测miR-1915-3p组和miR-NC组细胞的Bcl-2蛋白表达情况。结果 MGC-803、SGC-7901、MKN-45细胞中miR-1915-3p的相对表达水平分别为（0.46±0.06）、（0.42±0.05）、（0.33±0.04）,均低于GES-1细胞中miR-1915-3p的相对表达水平（P<0.05）。MGC-803细胞中,miR-1915-3p组与miR-NC组相比,OD值降低、细胞凋亡率增加、Bcl-2蛋白表达减弱（P均<0.05）;SGC-7901细胞中,miR-1915-3p组与miR-NC组相比,OD值降低、细胞凋亡率增加、Bcl-2蛋白表达减弱（P均<0.05）。结论 miR-1915-3p在胃癌细胞系中表达降低,上调miR-1915-3p的表达可抑制胃癌细胞增殖,减弱Bcl-2蛋白表达以促进细胞凋亡。     

miR-449a/b负反馈调节E2F1抑制胃癌细胞增殖

摘要：目的 探讨miR-449a/b在胃癌发生中的可能作用机制。方法 采用qRT-PCR方法检测了miR-449a/b和E2F1基因在胃癌细胞BGC-823和胃粘膜细胞GES-1表达情况;采用瞬时转染技术将miR-449a/b模拟物(mimic)以及mimic阴性对照分别转入胃癌细胞BGC-823中,qRT-PCR验证转染成功后,通过CCK-8法检测胃癌细胞的增殖能力,流式细胞术检测胃癌细胞凋亡的变化,细胞划痕实验检测胃癌细胞的迁移能力,Western blot方法检测miR-449a/b上调后其靶基因蛋白的表达水平;并通过转染E2F1过表达质粒和空质粒对照入胃癌细胞BGC-823,Western blot确定转染效率后,分别用qRT-PCR和数字PCR检测miR-449a/b的表达水平。结果 相比于正常胃粘膜细胞株GES-1,miR-449a/b在胃癌细胞株BGC-823中表达均下调（P<0.01）;过表达miR-449a/b可抑制胃癌细胞BGC-823增殖和迁移,并促进其凋亡（P<0.05）;过表达的E2F1可上调miR-449a/b的表达（P<0.001）,而上调miR-449a/b的表达,其直接靶基因CDK4、CDK6表达下调,并可通过CDKs-pRb-E2F1信号通路,间接下调E2F1蛋白的表达（P<0.01）。结论 miR-449a/b的低表达和E2F1的高表达均参与了胃癌的发生、发展,并且miR-449a/b能负反馈调节E2F1抑制胃癌细胞增殖。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.