非强化脑病变立体定向活检诊断影响因素分析

目的分析MRI检查非强化脑内病变立体定向活检诊断率的影响因素。方法对92例非强化脑内病变的患者行MRI引导的立体定向活检手术,总结其临床表现、病变特点、病理诊断及术后并发症,分析影响活检诊断率的因素。结果 77例获得明确的病理诊断,活检诊断率为83.7%,并发症发生率为2.2%,多因素Logistic回归分析提示浅部(皮层)病灶活检诊断率显著低于深部(非皮层)病灶(优势比(OR)为3.937;95%可信区间为1.224~12.662;P0.05),其他因素与活检诊断率无明显相关性。结论立体定向活检术有助于明确脑内非强化病变的病理性质。病灶深度对活检诊断率有显著影响,皮层病灶诊断率较低。     

颅内特殊部位病变的立体定向活检术

目的 探讨颅内特殊部位病变立体定向活检的手术技巧及影响因素.方法 总结1994年12月～2005年12月间对颅内特殊部位病变行MR导向立体定向活检的106例病例.患者年龄6～76岁,平均42.5岁,其中男62例,女44例,病灶位于鞍区13例,基底节区35例,松果体区51例,脑干7例.使用1.0T MR机定位和Leksell-G型定向仪,ASA-602立体定向手术计划系统行定位影像三维重建并选择最佳靶点、入颅点和活检轨迹.所有靶点均使用Sedan活检针活检,活检组织标本行术中快速冰冻病检,术后行常规病理检查,必要时行免疫组化检查.结果 本组106例,获得明确病理诊断103例,其中生殖细胞瘤37例,松果体母细胞瘤5例,淋巴瘤11例,转移瘤14例,感染性病灶7例,胶质瘤26例,脑变性疾病3例;阴性(轻度胶质增生)3例.病理诊断阳性率97.17%.活检后少量出血2例,全组病例无死亡.结论 立体定向活检术是一种安全、定位精确、高诊断率的脑部疑难病变定性诊断方法,对颅内特殊部位病变的病理学诊断具有重要价值.     

805例立体定向脑活检报告

目的　探讨立体定向脑活检方法的可靠性和安全性 ,研究手术方法及技术要点。方法　回顾性分析80 5例立体定向手术对脑深部病灶活检病理学检查。其中用CT引导活检 6 0 5例 ,MR引导活检 2 0 0例 ;幕上脑深部活检 6 4 5例 ,幕下病灶活检 16 0例 ;单道入路活检取材 5 30例 ,多道入路活检取材 2 0 5例 ,多发病灶活检取材 70例。结果　 710例 (88 2 0 % )获取各类脑肿瘤的病理学诊断 ,5 0例 (6 2 1% )为炎性病理 ,2 5例 (3 11% )为寄生虫或囊肿类病理 ,其余 2 0例 (2 4 8% )所取得的病理组织未能提供正确的病理定性诊断。病理阳性诊断率为 97 5 2 % ,肿瘤发现率为 88 2 0 % ,死亡 3例 ,死亡率 0 37% ,并发症发生 19例 (2 36 % )。结论　现代立体定向脑深部病灶活检技术安全、可靠。     

颅脑深部病灶CT辅助立体定向活检治疗

目的总结CT辅助下脑立体定向活检的临床应用价值.方法对16例颅内深部小病灶,临床神经影象学难以确诊病例,经辅助立体定向活检后得以明确病理诊断.结果此种活检病检阳性率高.结论对于颅内深部病灶,应用CT辅助立体定向活检方法,可以取得创伤小,并发症少,提高病理诊断阳性率,对于小脓肿可达到治愈.     

CT立体定向术脑组织活检32例分析

本文报告CT立体定向术脑组织活检32例,确诊率达96.89％。其中8例由CT立体定向引导纤维导管脑内窥镜直观下活检,全部均获组织学诊断。提示适当病例加用脑内窥镜还可提高脑活检的成功率。CT对颅内病变的定性诊断率为70～80％。因此,放射影像技术,仍不能完全代替病理学诊断,但本组病例表明CT立体定向脑组织活检术有力补充了其不足。     

立体定向活检术在颅内无强化效应病变中的诊断价值

目的 探讨立体定向活检术在颅内无强化效应病变中的定性诊断价值.方法 对47例在MRI增强扫描中未见明显强化的颅内病变行立体定向活检,其中MRI引导有框架立体定向活检38例,无框架神经导航定向活检9例.结果 获得明确病理诊断42例,未获得阳性病理结果5例,活检病理诊断阳性率89.4％.对颅内非肿瘤性病变,MRI诊断与病理诊断相符合9例;对肿瘤性病变,MRI诊断与病理诊断相符合14例;MRI诊断与病理诊断的符合率为48.9％.活检术后穿刺道少量出血1例,无颅内感染和死亡病例.结论 对颅内无强化效应的病变,立体定向活检是获得定性诊断安全、可靠的方法.     

立体定向脑病变活检术28例临床分析

目的分析研究MRI引导下的立体定向技术对脑部病灶行立体定向活检术病理诊断结果,探讨手术方法与技巧。方法使用Leksell立体定向定位头架,在MRI引导下行立体定向穿刺活检。结果活检术后病理胶质瘤13例,淋巴瘤5例,脑转移癌3例,炎性病变4例,寄生虫2例,胶质增生1例。活检总阳性率96.43%。并发颅内出血1例(3.57%),癫痫发作1例(3.57%),无死亡病例。结论脑立体定向活检术安全、高效为下一步治疗提供可靠的病理学证据。     

脑内病变MRI定位立体定向活检术33例

目的 总结脑内病变MRI定位立体定向活检术的经验。方法 2005年1月至2014年9月收治33例临床诊断困难的脑内病变患者,其中幕上病变31例,幕下病变2例,颅内多发性病灶19例;均在MRI引导下行立体定向活检术。结果 病理学诊断结果示胶质瘤13例,非何杰金氏淋巴瘤4例,转移瘤1例,炎性病变6例,结核性肉芽肿3例,真菌感染2例,神经变性2例;不能明确诊断2例,考虑胶质细胞增生。本组阳性诊断率为94.1%（31/33）。术后发生取材区非症状性出血2例,症状性出血1例;死亡1例。结论 MRI定位立体定向活检术是脑内病变诊断的重要方法,有效提高疑难病例的病理诊断成功率。     

立体定向脑活检术58例经验总结

目的总结立体定向脑活检术的经验,探讨降低手术并发症的方法.方法对58例病人行立体定向脑活检术74次,统计活检组织诊断阳性率和手术并发症.结果组织病理类型包括星形细胞瘤24例,胶质母细胞瘤2例,少枝胶质细胞瘤1例,转移瘤7例,淋巴瘤4例,炎性病变11例,寄生虫病2例,脑变性病变5例,不能明确诊断2例;阳性诊断率为96.6%.发生取材区少量出血3例(5.7%).结论立体定向脑活检术安全,准确性高,并发症少,对明确脑深部病变的病理性质从而选择正确治疗方法有临床指导意义.     

术中冰冻病理在立体定向脑深部病变活检中的应用

目的 探讨术中冰冻病理检查在立体定向脑病变活检的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析2015年6月—2021年10月收治的44例接受神经外科机器人辅助立体定向活检的脑深部病变患者临床资料。所有患者行术中冰冻病理,必要时行术中冰冻免疫组化检查。常规病理结果作为诊断金标准,判断冰冻结果的确诊率、延迟诊断率和误诊率,分析术中冰冻病理的诊断阳性率、诊断符合率及其影响因素。结果 44例患者接受46次活检手术,有9例患者首次术中冰冻结果为阴性,其中7例调整穿刺深度再次活检后取得冰冻阳性结果。23例患者通过术中免疫组化及时判断肿瘤类别。最终44例患者(96.65%)术中冰冻结果阳性,诊断符合率91.3%(35例确诊+7例延迟诊断)。穿刺活检结果为胶质瘤27例(WHOⅠ-Ⅱ级6例,WHOⅢ-Ⅳ级21例),淋巴瘤12例,生殖细胞瘤4例,淀粉样变性1例。结论 虽然术中冰冻病理会导致手术耗时增多,但能快速判断立体定向活检标本的性质,避免了过度取材,提高手术效率,减少活检损伤,可应用在神经外科机器人引导下脑病变活检手术中。     

Spectroscopy-supported frame-based image-guided stereotactic biopsy of parenchymal brain lesions: Comparative evaluation of diagnostic yield and diagnostic accuracy

Objective

Comparative evaluation of diagnostic efficacy of stereotactic brain biopsy performed with and without additional use of spectroscopic imaging (¹H-MRS) for target selection was done.

Methods

From 2002 to 2006, 30 patients with parenchymal brain lesions underwent ¹H-MRS-supported frame-based stereotactic biopsy, whereas in 39 others MRI-guided technique was used. Comparison of diagnostic yield of the procedure in these two groups was performed. Additionally, the diagnostic accuracy was evaluated in 37 lesions, which were surgically resected within 1 month thereafter.

Results

Stereotactic biopsy permitted establishment of a definitive histopathological diagnosis in 57 cases and diagnosis of low-grade glioma without specific tumor typing in 8 cases. In 4 cases tissue sampling was non-diagnostic. In 5 out of 8 cases with incomplete diagnosis and in all non-diagnostic cases target selection was performed without the use of ¹H-MRS (P = 0.2073). The diagnostic yields of ¹H-MRS-supported and MRI-guided procedures were 100% and 90%, respectively (P = 0.1268). Comparison of the histopathological diagnoses after stereotactic biopsy and surgical resection revealed complete diagnostic agreement in 13 cases, minor disagreement in 14 cases, and major disagreement in 10 cases. Among these last 10 cases, initial undergrading of non-enhancing WHO grade III gliomas was the most common (7 cases). The diagnostic accuracy of ¹H-MRS-supported and MRI-guided procedures was 67% and 79%, respectively (P = 0.4756).

Conclusion

While in the present study the diagnostic yield of ¹H-MRS-supported frame-based stereotactic brain biopsy was 100%, its statistically significant diagnostic advantages over MRI-guided technique were not proved. Optimal selection of the spectroscopic target for tissue sampling remains unclear.     

Frameless stereotactic brain biopsy procedures using the Stealth Station: indications, accuracy and results

This study presents the results of 57 stereotactic brain biopsies using a frameless neuronavigation system, the Stealth Station. The supratentorial lesions had a mean diameter of 33 mm and a mean distance of 32 mm from the entry point at brain surface. In all cases the stereotactic procedure was planned in the preoperative 3-D magnetic resonance data set. In seven cases additional data for identification of eloquent brain areas was integrated from magnetoencephalography or functional magnetic resonance imaging. During surgery the samples were sent to neuropathological examination and the operation completed after the confirmation of pathological tissue. Using this method, in 56 cases a pathological tissue was obtained and a diagnostic yield of 98% was achieved. In two cases (3.5%) a new neurological deficit remained (hemiparesis and visual field deficit). The mean operation time was 92 minutes including examination of frozen sections. The results of our series demonstrate, that frameless stereotactic systems can also be reliably applied for biopsy of supratentorial lesions larger than 15 mm. Frameless stereotaxy in combination with intraoperative pathological confirmation is a safe and reliable method for stereotactic brain biopsy with a diagnostic yield comparable to frame-based stereotaxy.     

MRI 导向立体定向活检术在颅内病变诊断中的应用简

目的探讨MR／引导下立体定向活检手术在颅内病灶诊断的准确性、安全性及其临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析52例病变性质不明的颅内病变病人的临床资料,在MRI导向下行立体定向活检术。结果52例病人均取得病理诊断．活检成功率100％。星形细胞瘤20例（38．5％）,脑转移瘤13例（25．0％）,脑非化脓性感染10例（19．2％）,非霍奇金淋巴瘤4例（7．7％）,胶质细胞增生2例（3．8％）,脑真菌病、脑囊尾蚴病及结核性病变各1例（1．9％）。术后无一例出现严重并发症。除l例放弃治疗,其余病人转相应专科治疗。结论对于难以行开颅手术的颅内疑难病变,MRI导向立体定向活检手术可提供一种可靠的诊断手段,为临床进一步诊疗提供理论依据。     

Accuracy and diagnostic yield of stereotactic biopsy in the diagnosis of brain masses: Comparison of results of biopsy and resected surgical specimens

The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the diagnostic yield and accuracy of stereotactic biopsy in patients harboring brain mass. Stereotactic biopsy was performed in 130 patients between 1995 and 2000 in an educational and research hospital in Turkey. The results of histological analysis were compared to the resected specimens in 23 patients. The lesions were lobar in 62% of cases and deep‐seated in 38% of cases. During the biopsy procedures, the pathologist was in the operating theatre and a very small fragment was used for cytological examination. No frozen section was used in any of the cases. Samples were diagnostic in 122 cases. The overall diagnostic yield of the procedure was 94%. A definitive histological diagnosis was not made in eight patients. The histological diagnoses of the two procedures were identical (complete agreement) in 16 cases. In three cases, the histological diagnoses between the two procedures were slightly different without impact on patient care (minor disagreement). The diagnosis of the stereotactic biopsy was completely changed after craniotomy in four cases (major disagreement). The accuracy of the histological diagnosis was 83%. There was only one major complication, which involved intracerebral hemorrhage. Despite the limited number of patients who underwent resection, our data suggest that stereotactic biopsy of brain masses is a safe and accurate technique that can obtain adequate tissue for histological diagnosis, thus providing the best avaible treatment for patients. Cytological evaluation of the streotactic biopsy also is a highly effective tool for obtaining sufficient material during the procedure in many cases.     

Peripheral compressing artifacts in brain tissue from stereotactic biopsy with sidecutting biopsy needle: a pitfall for adequate glioma grading

Aims: The stereotactic brain biopsy is an essential diagnostic procedure in modern neurologic patient management. A side-cutting biopsy needle is one of the most widely used needle types. Recently we found a characteristic tissue artifact named "peripheral compressing artifact" in the brain tissues biopsied using a side-cutting needle of Leksell's system. We investigate prevalence, possible cause and its clinical implication of this type of artifact. Materials and methods: We examined the biopsies from 80 patients (44 cases of gliomas, 13 lymphomas, 7 germ cell tumors, 2 other tumors, 1 metastatic carcinoma, 4 non-tumorous conditions such as demyelinating disease and 8 non-diagnostic) in the stereotactic biopsy group with a suspected brain tumor, who underwent a stereotactic brain biopsy using side-cutting needle of Leksell's system. We also evaluated 16 cases of open brain biopsies without Leksell's system as a control group. Results: The artifact is a semi-circular or band-like tissue compression in the periphery of the biopsied tissue. This artifact was found in 30 (37.5%) out of 80 cases and 57 (11.9%) out of 477 biopsied pieces. It might be produced during rotating of the inner cannula of the biopsy needle. Histologically, it might be misinterpreted as "hypercellular", "spindle", "well circumscribed", or rarely as "pseudopalisading" especially in glioma. Conclusions: Awareness of this artifact would help making the appropriate pathological diagnosis for glioma.     

Accuracy of frameless and frame-based image-guided stereotactic brain biopsy in the diagnosis of glioma: comparison of biopsy and open resection specimen

OBJECTIVES: Tissue heterogeneity and rapid tumor progression may decrease the accuracy a prognostic value of stereotactic brain biopsy in the diagnosis of gliomas. Correct tumor grading is therefore dependent on the accuracy of biopsy needle placement. There has been a dramatic increase in the utilization of frameless image-guided stereotactic brain biopsy; however, its accuracy in the diagnosis of glioma remains unstudied. METHODS: The diagnoses of 21 astrocytic brain tumors were derived using image-guided stereotactic biopsy (12 frame-based, nine frameless) and followed by open resection of the lesion 1.5 (0.5-4) months later. The histologic diagnoses yielded by the biopsy were compared with subsequent histologic diagnosis from open tumor resection. RESULTS: Histology of 21 stereotactic biopsies accurately represented the greater lesion at open resection a median of 45 days later in 16 (76%) cases and correctly guided therapy in 19 (91%) cases. Biopsy accuracy of frameless versus frame-based stereotaxis was similar (89 versus 66%, p=0.21). In three (14%) cases, biopsy specimens were adequate to diagnose glioma; however, histology was insufficient for definitive tumor grading. Anaplastic oligodendroglioma (ODG) was under-graded as low-grade ODG in one (5%) case. Biopsy of new onset glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) yielded necrosis/gliosis and was termed non-diagnostic in one patient. Tumors <50 cm(3) were 8-fold less likely to accurately represent the grade of the entire lesion at resection compared with lesions <50 cm(3) (OR, 8.8; 95% CI, 0.9-100, p=0.05). DISCUSSION: Both frameless and frame-based MRI-guided stereotactic brain biopsy are safe and accurately represent the larger glioma mass sufficiently to guide subsequent therapy. Large tumor volume had a higher incidence of non-concordance. Increasing the number of specimens taken through the long dimension of large tumors may improve diagnostic accuracy.     

Comparative analysis of diagnostic accuracy of different brain biopsy procedures

BACKGROUND: Image-guided procedures such as computed tomography (CT) guided, neuronavigator-guided and ultrasound-guided methods can assist neurosurgeons in localizing the intraparenchymal lesion of the brain. However, despite improvements in the imaging techniques, an accurate diagnosis of intrinsic lesion requires tissue sampling and histological verification. AIMS: The present study was carried out to examine the reliability of the diagnoses made on tumor sample obtained via different stereotactic and ultrasound-guided brain biopsy procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of all brain biopsies (frame-based and frameless stereotactic and ultrasound-guided) performed in a single tertiary care neurosciences center between 1995 and 2005. The overall diagnostic accuracy achieved on histopathology and correlation with type of biopsy technique was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 130 cases were included, which consisted of 82 males and 48 females. Age ranged from 4 to 75 years (mean age 39.5 years). Twenty per cent (27 patients) were in the pediatric age group, while 12% (16 patients) were >or= 60-years of age. A definitive histological diagnosis was established in 109 cases (diagnostic yield 80.2%), which encompassed 101 neoplastic and eight nonneoplastic lesions. Frame-based, frameless stereotactic and ultrasound-guided biopsies were done in 95, 15 and 20 patients respectively. Although the numbers of cases were small there was trend for better yield with frameless image-guided stereotactic biopsy and maximum diagnostic yield was obtained i.e, 87% (13/15) in comparison to conventional frame-based CT-guided stereotactic biopsy and ultrasound-guided biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, a trend of higher diagnostic yield was seen in cases with frameless image-guided stereotactic biopsy. Thus, this small series confirms that frameless neuronavigator-guided stereotactic procedures represent the lesion sufficiently in order to make histopathologic diagnosis.     

影响立体定向活检的相关因素分析

目的：探讨影响立体定向活检的相关因素。方法：回顾性总结1994年12月至2000年6月间我科收治并行MRI导向立体定向活检的156例病例。患者年龄6－72岁,平均45．5岁,其中男89例,女67例;病灶位于鞍区5例,基底节区33例,松果松区46例,中脑2例,侧脑室壁2例,三脑室底部2例,额叶深部28例,颞叶9例,顶枕叶6例,多发性病灶23例。手术采用Leksell-G型定向仪和1．0TMR机（Siemens)。所有靶点活检均采用Sedan侧方开口活检针,标本立即行快速冰冻病检。结果：病理诊断阳性97．4％（152例）,其中低级别星型胶质瘤24例,高级别星型胶质瘤28例,室管膜瘤2例,转移瘤33例,感染性病灶29例,生殖细胞瘤31例,松果体母细胞瘤2例,垂体腺瘤1例,淋巴瘤2例,阴性4例。活检出血2例。术中癫痫发作1例,并发症发生率1．9％。全组病例无死亡。结论：影像导向立体定向活检术是一种安全、定位精确、高诊断率的微侵袭性脑深部疑难病变定位诊断方法。其影响因素包括影像定位技术、 靶点及活检通道选择、活检器械选择、并发症防治等。