三七皂苷R1保护四氯化碳诱导肝纤维化模型大鼠的作用

背景：前期研究发现,三七总皂苷对小鼠免疫性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。 目的：探究三七皂苷R1对四氯化碳诱导的肝纤维化模型大鼠的治疗作用。 方法：用四氯化碳诱导SD雄性大鼠制备肝纤维化模型,给药组按照60 mg/kg的剂量给予30 g/L三七皂苷R1溶液, 1次/d,连续4周和6周。对照组及模型组给予同体积的生理盐水,采用苏木精-伊红染色及Masson染色观察肝脏组织结构和纤维化程度分期;反转录-定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)检测法检测Ⅰ型胶原、α-平滑肌激动蛋白和转化生长因子β1表达水平。实验方案经昆明医科大学动物实验伦理委员会批准(批准号为approval No. KMMU2018018)。 结果与结论：①肝组织病理学显示,与模型组相比,三七皂苷R1能显著减轻纤维增生程度;②与模型组相比,三七皂苷R1组Ⅰ型胶原、α-平滑肌激动蛋白和转化生长因子β1表达水平显著降低(P < 0.05),三七皂苷R1给药4周与6周组比较差异无显著性意义;③结果提示,三七皂苷R1对四氯化碳诱导的肝纤维化模型大鼠具有一定的治疗作用。 ORCID: 0000-0002-0755-1476(吴朕) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

肝纤维化启动期大鼠血清对肝星形细胞TGF-β1表达的影响

目的　研究大鼠血清与肝星形细胞表达 TGF- β1的关系 ,为临床的早期诊断和中医药治疗肝纤维化提供新的思路。　方法　制备正常大鼠血清、免疫性肝纤维化大鼠血清和益气活血复方药物血清 ,培养肝星形细胞(HSC) ,激光共聚焦显微镜定量分析其 TGF- β1的表达。　结果　 (1)造模 3周时大鼠血清使培养的 HSC中 TGF- β1表达显著增强 ,正常鼠血清、造模 5周和 7周 (即纤维化形成后 )血清没有此作用 ;(2 )添加益气活血药物血清可使造模 3周鼠血清刺激 HSC高水平表达的 TGF- β1作用消失。　结论　 (1)造模 3周鼠血清中含有强烈的刺激 HSC激活的物质 ;(2 )活血化淤方剂的作用靶点是血液中的活性物质 ,通过拮抗血液中 HSC活化物质达到抗纤维化的作用     

肝毒清颗粒对大鼠实验性肝纤维化的防治作用

目的 :观察肝毒清颗粒的抗纤维化作用。方法 :将Wistar雄性大鼠随机分成 6组 ,即正常对照组、模型组、肝毒清大、中、小剂量组和乙肝宁阳性组 ,采用四氯化碳诱导肝纤维化模型。于造模第 2个月始给予治疗药物。实验持续 3月后将大鼠处死取血作肝功检查及取肝组织做病理检查。结果 :肝毒清能降低AST ,升高TP、ALB ,与模型组比较 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;减轻肝脂肪变性、减少纤维组织增生、促进肝细胞再生。结论 :肝毒清对大鼠肝纤维化有明显防治作用     

转化生长因子-β在肝纤维化形成中的作用及意义

转化生长因子 β(TGF β)是一类多肽生长因子 ,通过与其受体结合发挥生物学作用。Mφ、内皮细胞、胆管上皮细胞、淋巴细胞、血小板、肝细胞及活化的肝星状细胞可能是肝脏TGF β的来源细胞。TGF β在肝纤维化形成过程中的主要作用是促进细胞外基质的合成 ,其机制可能与其通过不同途径增加胶原基因表达和增加肝星状细胞增殖有关。TGF β可能成为反映肝纤维化的血清学指标 ,TGF β反义基因治疗可能成为肝纤维化的血清学指标 ,TGF β反义基因治疗可能成为肝纤维防治的一种有效措施。     

人脂肪干细胞来源外泌体对四氯化碳诱导肝纤维化模型大鼠的治疗作用

文题释义： 脂肪干细胞：是指从脂肪组织中分离得到的一种间充质干细胞,不但具有跨胚层多向分化潜能,在不同培养条件下可以分化成肌肉、软骨、脂肪组织、神经组织或肝脏组织,而且具备取材方便、来源广阔、增殖能力强、免疫原性低等优点,近年来成为干细胞治疗的热点。 外泌体：是一种细胞主动分泌的大小均一、直径为50-150 nm的脂质双分子层结构囊泡,可由树突细胞、淋巴细胞、成纤维细胞、间充质干细胞和肿瘤细胞等多种不同细胞类型释放。 背景：肝纤维化具有较高的发病率和死亡率,肝星状细胞的活化和增殖是肝纤维化进程中的关键环节。目前还没有针对单一环节或靶点的有效抗纤维化药物。 目的：分析人脂肪干细胞来源外泌体对四氯化碳诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的影响。 方法：①通过酶溶解法获取健康人群来源脂肪中干细胞,体外培养获取一定数量细胞后通过多重超滤法获取外泌体。体外培养的肝星状细胞经转化生长因子β1活化后利用不同浓度外泌体进行处理,通过定量PCR检测细胞内α-平滑肌动蛋白的表达明确其活化程度,以及分别使用CCK-8及流式细胞术检测各组外泌体处理后活化肝星状细胞的生长率及凋亡率。②通过腹腔注射四氯化碳构建肝纤维化大鼠动物模型,尾静脉注射外泌体进行治疗。检测各组动物的肝功能及血清Ⅲ型前胶原、Ⅳ型胶原,肝组织Ishak评分及肝纤维化半定量,以及通过免疫荧光法检测肝组织内基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1、基质金属蛋白酶9及α-平滑肌动蛋白的表达。实验方案于2017年1月经同济大学动物实验伦理委员会以及医学伦理学委员会批准。 结果与结论：人脂肪干细胞来源外泌体可抑制活化的肝星状细胞增殖,其可能的机制为抑制活化巨噬细胞的增殖,减少胶原纤维、α-平滑肌动蛋白及基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1的表达,并促进基质金属蛋白酶9的表达。提示外泌体可治疗四氯化碳诱导肝纤维化。 orcid: 0000-0002-7141-8135 (Li Hongchao) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

槲皮素对四氯化碳诱导的大鼠肝纤维化抑制作用和肝保护作用

目的:探讨槲皮素对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导大鼠肝纤维化的保护作用,并阐明槲皮素的抗肝纤维化机制.方法:Wistar大鼠随机分为5组:对照组、模型组、低剂量组(EXP-L)、中剂量组(EXP-M)、高剂量组(EXP-H).HE染色检测肝组织病理损伤情况;试剂盒检测谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活力;羟脯氨酸(...     

七项肝纤维化血清标志物的诊断意义

目的检测肝病患者血清基质金属蛋白酶1(MMP-1)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂1(TIMP-1)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PⅢP)、Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ)和层粘连蛋白(LN)含量,评价其对肝纤维化的诊断价值。方法酶标法检测血清MMP-1、TIMP-1、TGF-β1含量。放射免疫法检测血清HA、PⅢP、CⅣ、LN含量。结果肝病患者血清TGF-β1、HA、PⅢP、CⅣ、LN水平与健康对照组比较均有升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。慢性肝病患者血清TIMP-1水平明显高于健康对照组(P<0.01),而肝病患者血清MMP-1水平与健康对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论慢性肝病患者存在MMP-1和TIMP-1的严重失衡,是慢性肝病患者肝脏细胞外基质沉积的重要原因。血清TIMP-1、TGF-β1、HA、PⅢP、CⅣ和LN对肝纤维化具有较好的临床诊断价值,而MMP-1的临床诊断价值欠佳。     

七项肝纤维化血清标志物的诊断意义

目的 检测肝病患者血清基质金属蛋白酶1(MMP-1)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂1(TIMP-1)、转化生长因子B1(TGF-β1)、透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PⅢP)、Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ)和层粘连蛋白(LN)含量,评价其对肝纤维化的诊断价值.方法 酶标法检测血清MMP-1、TIMP-1、TGF-β1含量.放射免疫法检测血清HA、PⅢP、CⅣ、LN含量.结果 肝病患者血清TGF-β1、HA、PⅢP、CⅣ、LN水平与健康对照组比较均有升高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).慢性肝病患者血清TIMP-1水平明显高于健康对照组(P＜0.01),而肝病患者血清MMP-1水平与健康对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 慢性肝病患者存在MMP-1和TIMP-1的严重失衡,是慢性肝病患者肝脏细胞外基质沉积的重要原因.血清TIMP-1、TGF-β1、HA、PⅢP、CⅣ和LN对肝纤维化具有较好的临床诊断价值,而MMP-1的临床诊断价值欠佳.     

瘦素对肝纤维化作用机制的研究

瘦素和肝纤维化的关系越来越引起人们的关注,瘦素和它的功能性受体在肝纤维化的形成中起着重要的作用。然而,其具体作用机制不明,目前存在两种不同观点。免疫系统和有关的细胞因子也参与了瘦素的作用。探求瘦素的作用机制以期为肝纤维化的治疗提供新的途径。     

Effect of cholinergic denervation on hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats

Various factors involved in the development of liver fibrosis, including hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), cholinergic nervous activity and fibrogenetic cytokines. The present study aims to investigate the role of cholinergic regulation in the promoting of liver fibrogenesis relating to bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) and/or transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta1). We treated carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) into rats for eight weeks to induce liver fibrosis and arranged these rats for cholinergic denervation, hepatic branch vagotomy or atropine administration. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) staining showed the distribution of cholinergic nerve around fibrosis scaring septa. The immunohistochemical staining for alpha smooth muscle actin (alphaSMA) indicated the less HSCs in CCl(4) treated rat liver with cholinergic denervation as compared to the sham-operated CCl(4) treated rats. It seems that cholinergic nerve not only innervates around the fibrosis area but also promotes HSCs. We also detected TGFbeta1 and BMP-6 expressions using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The obtained results show that cholinergic denerveration decreases BMP-6 and TGF-beta1 expressions in CCl(4) induced liver fibrosis of rats. In conclusion, cholinergic nerve may influence HSCs in addition to the lowering of BMP-6 and TGF-beta1 gene expressions to modify liver fibrosis.     

Dasatinib prevent hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanism

Objectives: Dasatinib, a potent and broad-spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of imatinib-resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of this agent against CCl₄-induced hepatic fibrosis and oxidative status.

Materials and methods: Experimental fibrosis was induced in Wistar male rats by 12 weeks of CCl₄ administration (i.p.). During the last 8 weeks of injection, rats were gavaged daily with Dasatinib (10?mg/kg). To evaluate anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of Dasatinib, histopathological examination of liver tissue was performed and serum ALT and AST activities, oxidant, antioxidant parameters and hepatic tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were examined. Moreover, transforming growth factor (TGF-β₁), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and TNF-α mRNA expressions were also evaluated by real time polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Dasatinib administration induced a significant reduction of ALT and AST activities (p?4 injected rats (p?1 and PDGF were increased due to CCl₄ intoxication (p?p?p?4 administration which was significantly attenuated by Dasatinib (p?Discussion and conclusion: Our findings indicate that Dasatinib can be cautiously an anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative agent in clinical setting.     

血清VEGF及TGF—β1在肝纤维化患者中的表达及其意义

目的：探讨血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）及转化生长因子13。（TGF．13．）在肝纤维化患者中的表达及其意义。方法：选择66例肝纤维化患者为观察组,另选择100名体检健康者为正常对照组,采用免疫组织化学方法检测两组血清VEGF及TGF．B,浓度。结果：观察组血清VEGF及TGF-13,浓度为（110．87±22．64）ng／L和（15．08±3．27）μg／L,显著高于对照组（15．98±4．75）ng／L和（7．17±1．86）μg／L（t值分别为20．166、11．066、P均〈0．001）;观察组s1、s2、s3、及S4期患者血清VEGF分别为（84．25±16．86）、（101．87±26．70）、（118．04±20．75）、（134．65±25．73）ng／L（F=15．689,P〈0．05）,TGF-β1分别为（10．87±2,64）、（13．06±2．74）、（17．87±3．28）、（22．76±4．75）μg／L（F=12．438,P〈0．05）;肝纤维化患者血清VEGF与TGF－β1水平呈正相关（r=0．532,P〈0．05）。结论：血清VEGF与TGF-13,水平与肝纤维化的发生发展密切相关,二者联检可作为诊断及判断病情的血清学指标。     

Danshensu-mediated protective effect against hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats

The culprit of hepatic fibrosis (HF) is linked to suprathreshold deposition of collagen. Thus, collagen reduction by improved metabolism contributes to HF management. In this study, we aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of Danshensu (DSS) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced HF rats. The results showed that DSS-administrated rats resulted in decreasing in hepatosomatic indexes, and lowering serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Meanwhile, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were increased, while the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) was lessened in liver tissue of DSS administration group. In addition, the pro-fibrotic markers of hydroxyproline (Hyp), type III procollagen (PCIII) and hyaluronic acid (HA) contents were decreased. Histopathological examination confirmed that the hepatotoxicity in CCl₄-injured rats was alleviated following the DSS administration. Furthermore, intrahepatic protein expressions of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), phosphorylated JAK2 (p-JAK2) and phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) were effectively down-regulated, respectively. Overall, this work demonstrates that DSS played the protective effect against CCl₄-induced cytotoxicity in liver tissue, which the probable mechanism is associated with attenuation of lipid peroxidation, collagen accumulation and enhancement of anti-oxidative defense capability, as well as regulation of intrahepatic JAK/STAT pathway for maintaining collagenic homoeostasis.     

Cyclic muscle twitch contraction inhibits immobilization-induced muscle contracture and fibrosis in rats

We investigated the effects of cyclic muscle twitch contraction caused by neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on immobilization-induced muscle contracture and fibrosis in rats. Twenty-nine rats were divided into control, immobilization, and immobilization with muscle contraction groups. The ankle joints of the immobilization and muscle contraction rats were fixed in full plantar flexion with a plaster cast for 4 weeks. In the muscle contraction group, cyclic muscle twitch contraction of the soleus muscle was induced using a commercial device (1 Hz, 4 ± 2 mA, 60 min/day, 5 times/week) with the ankle joint immobilized. The dorsiflexion range of ankle joint motion in the muscle contraction group was significantly greater than that in the immobilization group. The expressions of fibrosis-related genes (i.e., hypoxia inducible factor-1α, transforming growth factor-β1, α-smooth muscle actin, and types I and III collagen) were significantly decreased in the muscle contraction group compared to the immobilization group. The fluorescence intensities of type I and type III collagen in the perimysium and endomysium in the muscle contraction group were significantly decreased compared to the immobilization group. These results suggest that cyclic muscle twitch contraction induced by NMES might alleviate skeletal muscle fibrosis, reducing immobilization-induced muscle contracture.     

环黄芪醇对异丙肾上腺素诱导小鼠心肌纤维化的影响

目的:探讨环黄芪醇(cycloastragenol,CAG)对小鼠心肌纤维化的影响及其机制。方法:用异丙肾上腺素(isoproterenol,ISO)建立小鼠心肌纤维化模型,用低、高浓度CAG分别处理小鼠。超声心动法检测小鼠心功能;Masson三色染色法观察心脏纤维化情况;RT-qPCR、Western blot和免疫组织化学法检测与纤维化相关的信号分子表达。此外,分离培养乳大鼠心脏成纤维细胞,检测上述信号分子的表达。结果:CAG显著缓解了ISO刺激所致的心脏功能紊乱和心肌纤维化;抑制了氧化应激相关因子NADPH氧化酶4和诱导型一氧化氮合酶的转录;抑制了核因子κB信号通路中关键蛋白的磷酸化以及转化生长因子β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)的表达;并且在原代成纤维细胞中验证了CAG可以缓解ISO刺激引起的上述因子表达。结论:CAG通过抑制氧化应激、炎症反应和TGF-β的表达缓解心肌纤维化。     

Immunopathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis in chronic liver injury induced by repeatedly administered concanavalin A.

Liver fibrosis is commonly observed in chronic liver disease. However, the immunological mechanisms underlying hepatic fibrosis due to chronic inflammation are not well defined, mainly because suitable experimental models have not been established. We have found that weekly i.v. administration of concanavalin A (Con A) in BALB/c mice brought about a striking alanine aminotransferase increase, resulting in piecemeal necrosis with bridging fibrosis in the parenchyma. Using this fibrosis model, we demonstrated the kinetics of cytokine mRNA expression in liver. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, TGF-alpha, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and hepatocyte growth factor mRNAs were up-regulated after each Con A administration. Furthermore, either anti-IFN-gamma, anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha or anti-TGF-beta mAb given together with Con A markedly inhibited the development of hepatic fibrosis. Treatment with either anti-IFN-gamma or anti-TNF-alpha mAb also completely prevented hepatic injury; in contrast, treatment with anti-TGF-beta mAb did not. The treatment with anti-TGF-beta mAb did not affect the levels of hepatic mRNAs for either IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha after Con A injection. Treatment with either anti-IFN-gamma or anti-TNF-alpha did not affect the expression levels of TGF-beta in the liver. In conclusion, the continuous presence of both severe liver damage and up-regulation of TGF-beta synthesis is necessary to induce hepatic fibrosis in this model.