瘦素、脂联素与TNF-α在子痫前期患者血清中的表达及相关性研究

目的检测子痫前期患者血清瘦素、脂联素及TNF-α的表达并探讨TNF-α与瘦素、脂联素的相关性。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测44例子痫前期患者及24例正常孕妇血清中瘦素、脂联素及TNF-α的表达水平。结果(1)轻、重度子痫前期患者血清瘦素水平分别为4308.60±378.83pg/ml、4476.39±115.18pg/ml,明显高于对照组4041.97±455.39pg/ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);(2)轻度、重度子痫前期患者血清TNF-α水平分别为73.33±57.91pg/ml及538.50±551.25pg/ml,明显高于对照组62.89±82.85pg/ml,而血清脂联素水平分别为8.06±5.06pg/ml、5.28±1.47pg/ml,明显低于对照组12.73±2.90pg/ml,重度组与对照组之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)重度组瘦素与TNF-α成正相关(r=0.478),脂联素与TNF-α成负相关(r=-0.536),轻度组及对照组中TNF-α与瘦素、脂联素均无相关性。结论瘦素、脂联素及TNF-α参与子痫前期的发病,且TNF-α可以调节瘦素及脂联素的水平。     

超声心动图评价高血压患者血清脂联素水平与左心室心肌质量和舒张功能的关系

目的探讨高血压患者血清脂联素水平对左心室心肌质量(LVM)及舒张功能的影响。方法入选单纯高血压患者65例(其中男性36例,女性29例;年龄34～78岁,平均年龄53.78岁)和正常对照组33例(其中男性17例,女性16例;年龄32～65岁,平均年龄52岁)。采用酶联免疫吸附分析法测定血清脂联素水平。采用超声心动图测定LVM、左心室射血分数和代表左心室舒张功能的指标E/e比值、舒张早期左心室内血流传播速度(Vp)和左心室Tei指数。结果高血压组左心室心肌质量指数显著高于正常对照组[(123.58±45.40)g/m2 vs(87.29±17.40)g/m2;P<0.05]。高血压组Vp显著低于正常对照组[(41.25±9.86)cm/s vs(56.31±8.79)cm/s,P<0.01],而E/e比值和Tei指数显著高于正常对照组(8.28±1.96 vs 7.26±1.56,0.46±0.15 vs 0.39±0.12;P<0.05)。在高血压组中血清脂联素水平与左心室心肌质量指数、E/e比值和Tei指数均呈显著负相关(r分别为-0.36、-0.56、-0.58,P<0.05),而与Vp呈显著正相关(r为0.67,P=0.023)。多元逐步回归分析表明血清脂联素水平能分别进入以Vp和Tei指数为因变量的回归方程中。结论血清脂联素水平与左心室心肌质量指数呈显著负相关,血清脂联素水平降低是导致左心室舒张功能降低的危险因素之一。     

冠心病人群血清NO、ET、hs-CRP、TNF-α和脂联素水平的相互关系

为探讨冠心病人群中血清一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素(ET)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、脂联素和胆固醇(TC)水平并分析其相互之间的关系,本文选定对照组(A组)20名、单纯冠心病组(B组)32例和冠心病伴高胆固醇血症组(C组)36例,对上述指标进行检测。结果表明:ET:B组(66.5±48.3pg/mL)、C组(73.2±53.8pg/mL)与A组(50.1±20.7pg/mL)比,分别P<0.01和P<0.001;hs-CRP:B组(2.18±2.02mg/dL)、C组(3.08±2.73mg/dL)与A组(1.46±1.26mg/dL)比,P均小于0.001;TNF-:αB组(19.0±7.0pg/mL)、C组(25.0±9.0pg/mL)与A组(15.0±5.0pg/mL)比,P均小于0.001;NO:B组(43.5±22.7μmol/L)、C组(40.1±20.3μmol/L)与A组(75.4±40.6μmol/L)比,P均小于0.001;脂联素:B组(8.58±2.72mg/L)、C组(7.08±2.03mg/L)与A组(12.46±3.26mg/L)比,P均小于0.001。血清脂联素水平和冠状动脉狭窄程度呈负相关(P<0.01)。在以TC为应变量的多元回归分析中,hs-CRP、脂联素进入方程(P<0.001)。冠心病人群的血清ET、hs-CRP、TNF-α水平显著高于非冠心病人群,血清NO、脂联素水平则与之相反。脂联素和TC、hs-CRP同样是一个很好的评价冠心病冠状动脉粥样硬化严重程度的指标。     

2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素水平与糖尿病肾病的关系

目的:研究2型糖尿病肾病患者血清脂联素水平与糖尿病肾病的关系.方法:用放射免疫分析测定163例2型糖尿病患者及50例正常人的血清脂联素水平.结果:在糖尿病各亚组中,大量蛋白尿组患者的血清脂联素水平高于微量蛋白尿组(P＜0.01)及正常蛋白尿组和对照组(P＜0.001).微量蛋白尿组患者的血清脂联素水平高于正常蛋白尿组(P＜0.05).脂联素水平与血肌酐、HbA1c、TC、SBP、DBP、TG及UAER呈正相关(P＜0.05),而与年龄、HDL-C、BMI无明显相关性(P＞0.05).女性血清脂联素水平(15.82±7.21)mg/L高于男性(13.98±7.86)mg/L,但无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:2型糖尿病肾病患者血清脂联素水平随着肾病进展而升高,说明肾脏参与了脂联素的代谢与排泄.脂联素在糖尿病肾病发生发展过程中可能起到重要作用.     

高脂血症者血清 TG 与 leptin 及相关因子含量的相关性

目的:探讨高三酰甘油血症者血清中三酰甘油(TG)、瘦素(leptin)、白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、神经肽Y(NPY)、脂联素(ADP)的含量变化及其相关性.方法:选54例TG含量高者作为实验组,55例TG正常者为对照组.应用放射免疫分析测定两组血清中的TG、瘦素、NPY、IL-1、脂联素含量.结果:HTG组中TG、瘦素、IL-1、NPY含量[(3.46±1.14)mmol/L,(10.56±3.79)μg/L,(0.40±0.18)μg/L,(115.89±24.56)μg/L]均高于正常组的含量[(1.26±0.30)mmol/L,(5.66±2.01)μg/L,(0.22±0.09)μg/L,(95.21±6.85)μg/L,P均＜0.01];HTG组中脂联素含量(8.98±3.51μg/L)低于正常组的含量[(13.21±9.46)μg/L,P＜0.01].其中TG与瘦素含量呈正相关(r=0.576;P＜0.05);瘦素分别与IL-1及与NPY含量亦呈正相关(r=0.582;r=0.479,P均＜0.05).结论:(1)HTG者TG含量的增高与瘦素、NPY、IL-1、脂联素含量变化相关;(2)TG与瘦素、NPY、IL-1之间存在着相互的调节作用;(3)神经-内分泌-免疫系统影响脂代谢造成的HTG.     

结肠癌患者血清脂联素和胃饥饿素水平的临床分析

目的 检测结肠癌患者血清脂联素和胃饥饿素水平,并探讨二者的关系.方法 收集2010年1月至2013年12月的82例结肠癌患者和30例同期健康体检者血液.分别使用酶联免疫吸附分析(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)方法和放射免疫法检测结肠癌患者和对照组血清脂联素和胃饥饿素水平.比较结肠癌患者与对照组和未转移组和淋巴结转移组脂联素和胃饥饿素水平,并对结肠癌患者血清脂联素和胃饥饿素水平进行相关性分析.结果 结肠癌患者血清脂联素水平显著低于健康对照组(5.51 ±2.33ng/L vs.13.96±2.95ng/L,P＜0.0001);淋巴结转移组明显低于未转移组患者(3.62 ±2.03ng/L vs.6.91 ±5.12ng/L,P＜0.001).结肠癌患者血清胃饥饿素水平显著高于对照组(156.0±55.1pmol/L vs.58.5土25.9pmol/L,P＜0.001);淋巴结转移组明显高于未转移组患者(164.8±15.1pmol/L vs.93.2±20.9pmoL/L,P＜0.001).结肠癌患者血清脂联素与饥饿素水平无相关性(r=0.083,P=0.729).结论 血清脂联素水平降低和胃饥饿素水平升高与结肠癌发病和转移显著相关,提示血清脂联素和胃饥饿素检测对于结肠癌的早期诊断和病程有一定的临床意义.     

脂联素基因SNP+45 T/G单核苷酸多态性与冠心病的相关性研究

目的:研究中国华南地区汉族人脂联素基因SNP+45T/G单核苷酸多态性与冠心病的相关性。方法:以153例冠脉造影证实为冠心病的非糖尿病患者为冠心病组,以73例健康者为对照组,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法分析脂联素基因SNP+45T/G单核苷酸多态性与冠心病的相关性,ELISA法测定血浆脂联素水平。结果:冠心病组T/G+G/G型频率、G等位基因频率均高于对照组(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析发现脂联素基因SNP+45 T/G+G/G型与冠心病正相关(OR:2.132,95.0%C I:1.034-4.397,P0.05),血浆脂联素水平与冠心病的发病呈负相关(OR:0.868,95.0%C I:0.785-0.959,P0.05)。结论:脂联素基因SNP+45 T/G+G/G型可能是华南地区汉族人冠心病的易感基因型。     

妊娠期糖尿病患者血清脂联素与TNF-α浓度的关系

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者血清脂联素与肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)浓度及其临床意义。方法用放射免疫法测定50例GDM孕妇和36例正常孕妇(NGT)的血清脂联素浓度,ELISA法检测血清TNF-α浓度,电化学发光法测胰岛素浓度,葡萄糖氧化酶法测血糖浓度。结果①GDM孕妇血清TNF-α(4.6±1.5)μg/L水平明显高于NGT(3.3±1.6)μg/L,且GDM组TNF-α与血糖、胰岛素浓度呈正相关关系(P<0.01)。②GDM孕妇血清脂联素浓度(10.3±2.4)mg/L明显低于NGT孕妇(15.6±3.2)mg/L,GDM组脂联素浓度与血糖、胰岛素浓度呈负相关关系(P<0.01)。结论GDM患者血清低脂联素浓度与高TNF-α浓度不仅反映了母体体脂状况和胰岛素的抵抗状态,更反映了糖代谢受损的严重程度,是代谢综合征的重要预测因子。     

脂联素与2型糖尿病的关系

测定2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素的水平,并分析它与血糖、胰岛素、血脂的相关性,从而探讨2型糖尿病患者循环血中脂联素的作用.对照组32例;2型糖尿病患者105例,其中糖尿病非肥胖组53例(BMI＜25kg/m2);肥胖组52例(BMI≥25kg/m2).用RIA检测空腹血清脂联素和胰岛素,血糖和血脂.结果表明对照组脂联素水平为9.46±0.89mg/L,非肥胖组为5.83±1.06mg/L,肥胖组为3.17±0.56mg/L,糖尿病患者脂联素明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),以肥胖组低下更甚.血清脂联素与血糖、甘油三脂呈负相关,r值分别为-0.59,-0.76.脂联素可能参与了2型糖尿病的发病.脂联素测定可作为早期诊断、预防和治疗2型糖尿病的一种有效手段.     

冠心病患者血清TBIL与OX-LDL水平的变化及其临床意义

目的:探讨冠心病(CHD)患者血清总胆红素(TBIL)与氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白(OX-LDL)水平的变化及其临床意义。方法:采用日立7600-20型全自动生化分析仪氧化酶法检测血清TBIL含量;采用酶联免疫吸附试验双抗体夹心法检测OX-LDL水平。结果:冠心病组血清TBIL明显低于健康对照组(7.93±2.68μmol/L vs 15.51±3.92μmol/L,P<0.01),而血浆OX-LDL明显高于健康对照组(97.25±37.44mmol/L vs29.21±11.36mmol/L,P<0.01);冠心病患者血清TBIL与血浆OX-LDL的变化呈显著负相关(r=-0.64,P<0.01),而健康对照组中血清TBIL与血浆OX-LDL间的相关性则不明显(r=-0.15,P>0.05)。结论:冠心病时血清TBIL显著降低而OX-LDL显著升高;冠心病患者血清TBIL抗LDL氧化能力的减弱可能是导致OX-LDL升高的重要原因之一。     

Arterial pulse wave velocity and risk factors for peripheral vascular disease

Non-invasive measurement of arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) is used to diagnose peripheral vascular disease. We examined the relationship between PWV and risk factors related to peripheral vascular disease [body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), atherogenic index (AI) and blood glucose (GLU)] in 45 healthy male volunteers, aged 25–85 years. The correlation coefficient of PWV with age was r=0.46, and the correlation coefficients of PWV with DBP, AI and GLU were r=0.71, 0.56, and 0.22, respectively (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that 67% of the variance in PWV could be accounted for by these three variables. The relative contributions of DBP, AI and GLU to PWV were 66%, 26% and 8%, respectively. To test the applicability of PWV for clinical use, a multiple regression equation of PWV derived from these three variables was then applied to male patients with hypertension (n=53), hyperlipidaemia (n=35) or hyperglycaemia (n=39). The results suggest that the multiple regression equation of PWV is an indicator that discriminates between these patient categories and healthy men. Accepted: 8 December 1999     

Estrogen deprivation,rather than age,is responsible for the poor lipid profile and carbohydrate metabolism in women

The protective effect of estrogen against cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in women disappears after menopause. However, it is not clear whether the change in risk factors after menopause is related to aging or estrogen deprivation. Objective: To assess the risks for CVD and the contribution of aging in estrogen-deprived women. Methods: Forty-one patients with premature ovarian failure (POF) (group 1) and 30 patients with natural menopause (group 2) were investigated with respect to well-known risk factors for CVD. Fifteen young women at reproductive age (group 3) were taken as controls. The median ages (ranges) of the groups were 31 (19–40), 52 (46–67) and 26 (24–29) years, respectively. Family and personal history for CVD, smoking, oral contraceptive usage, physical examination, blood pressure measurement, body mass index (BMI), blood level of fasting insulin, diabetes mellitus, and the levels of lipoprotein proteins were the examined parameters regarding the risks for CVD. Results: The levels of triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol were not different in the 3 groups. The levels of fasting insulin (11.3 ± 6.6 vs. 10.2 ± 5.8 IU/ml), the ratio of fasting insulin to fasting blood glucose (12.2 ± 6.3% vs. 10.5 ± 5.4%), high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (51.9 ± 12.9 vs. 51.6 ± 9.7 mg/d), low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (113 ± 47 vs. 127 ± 37 mg/dl) and the ratio of HDL to total cholesterol (27.2 ± 9.8% vs. 24.1 ± 6.9%) were not different in women with POF and natural menopause. These parameters were all better in controls with respect to risk for CVD (respectively, 6.5 ± 2.0 IU/ml, 7.4 ± 2.2%, 37.9 ± 5.3 mg/dl, 80 ± 40 mg/dl, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Risk factors for CVD are related to estrogen deprivation. Aging does not have an important impact on CVD within the age range of this study group.     

Deriving respiration from photoplethysmographic pulse width

A method for deriving respiration from the pulse photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal is presented. This method is based on the pulse width variability (PWV), and it exploits the respiratory information present in the pulse wave velocity and dispersion. It allows to estimate respiration signal from only a pulse oximeter which is a cheap and comfortable sensor. Evaluation is performed over a database containing electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressure (BP), PPG, and respiratory signals simultaneously recorded in 17 subjects during a tilt table test. Respiratory rate estimation error is computed obtaining of 1.27 ± 7.81 % (0.14 ± 14.78 mHz). For comparison purposes, we have also obtained a respiratory rate estimation from other known methods which involve ECG, BP, or also PPG signals. In addition, we have also combined respiratory information derived from different methods which involve only PPG signal, obtaining a respiratory rate error of ?0.17 ± 6.67 % (?2.16 ± 12.69 mHz). The presented methods, PWV and combination of PPG derived respiration methods, avoid the need of ECG to derive respiration without degradation of the obtained estimates, so it is possible to have reliable respiration rate estimates from just the PPG signal.     

Elevation of small,dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol—a possible antecedent of atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype in type 2 diabetes patients in Jos,North-Central Nigeria

Background

The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing. Dyslipidaemia is a known complication of diabetes mellitus manifesting frequently as cardiovascular diseases and stoke. Elevation of small, dense low density lipoprotein has been recognised as a component of the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype associated with cardiovascular complications. We speculate that the elevation of this lipoprotein particle may be the antecedent of the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype. This study therefore aims to determine the pattern of dyslipidaemia among diabetes mellitus patients in Jos, North-Central Nigeria.

Methods

One hundred and seventy-six patients with type 2 diabetes and 154 age-matched controls were studied. The patients with diabetes were regular clinic attenders and had stable glycaemic control. None were on lipid-lowering therapy. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, and lipids (including total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride) were measured by chemical methods using the Hitachi 902 analyzer. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol was calculated using the Friedewald’s equation. Small, dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol, ?sdLDL-C was measured using the precipitation method by Hirano et al. Means of the different groups were compared using EPI Info and a P-value of <0.05 was accepted as significant difference.

Results

Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and small, dense lipoprotein cholesterol were all significantly higher in diabetes patients than controls except high density lipoprotein cholesterol. The percentage of LDL-C as sdLDL-C among the diabetes versus control group was 45%?±?17.79 v 32.0%?±?15.93. Serum sdLDL-C concentration was determined to be 1.45?±?0.64 among diabetes patients and 0.8?±?0.54 among control subjects. 75% of diabetes patients had hypertension and were taking blood pressure lowering medications.

Conclusion

The classical atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype was not demonstrated among subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus in this study, but the elevation of serum small dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with sustained hypertension suggests the establishment of atherogenic complications among our diabetes patients.

     

Hormone replacement therapy improves arterial stiffness in normotensive postmenopausal women

Objectives: Aortic stiffness, determined by the pulse wave velocity (PWV), is an independent marker of cardiovascular risk. PWV is mainly influenced by age-associated alterations of arterial wall structure and blood pressure (BP). To determine the impact of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on arterial compliance in normotensive, postmenopausal women, we examined the effects of HRT on PWV. Methods: Fifty-six postmenopausal women aged 50–70 years were recruited into the present retrospective study from the patients visiting our menopause clinic. Twenty-seven women who were prescribed HRT (14 on estrogen alone and 13 on estrogen plus progestogen) for several months to 6 years and an age-matched group of 29 women not on HRT were studied (Study 1). Nine postmenopausal women were also studied before and at 4 weeks of the treatment of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) (Study 2). Brachial to ankle PWV (baPWV), which is correlated with aortic PWV, was determined using an automatic device, BP-203PRE. Results: In Study 1, PWV was significantly correlated with age in both groups (controls: r=0.392, P=0.035; HRT group: r=0.471, P=0.013), and HRT significantly lowered the PWV value at all ages examined (Mean±S.D. of baPWV in controls: 1382.2±114.1; HRT: 1245.3±124.8, P=0.0001). In Study 2, baPWV decreased significantly after ERT (P<0.05), without a significant change in systolic BP (P=0.851). Conclusions: Estrogen appears to improve arterial compliance independently of BP within 4 weeks.     

Continuous and noninvasive measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure by one mathematical model with the same model parameters and two separate pulse wave velocities

There is keen interest in continuous and noninvasive blood pressure (BP) measurement. However, many technologies have a shortcoming of complex mechanical structure. In our study, two arterial pulses are acquired by photoplethysmography (PPG) at ear and toe in order to explore a new method of measuring BP by pulse wave velocity (PWV). We previously validated and reported a BP-PWV mathematical model with measurements from humans with no evidence of cardiovascular disease, but were only able to determine PWV related to diastolic blood pressure (DBP). In this paper, we propose methods of identifying pulse transmit time (PTT) in low, normal and high systolic blood pressure (SBP) conditions. By averaging the PTT’s of incident wave and reflected wave for non-systematic error reduction, we obtain a PWV that is suitable for estimating SBP. SBP and DBP are estimated by two separate PWV’s based on the previously calibrated models. Experimental measurements are conducted on 26 subjects (age 19 ± 1 and 60 ± 1) with no evidence of cardiovascular disease. The measurement errors (Mean Deviation = 2.16 mmHg (SBP) and 1.49 mmHg (DBP); Standard Deviation = 6.23 mmHg (SBP) and 6.51 mmHg (DBP)) satisfy the accuracy criteria of Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. The results verify that SBP and DBP can be estimated by one mathematical model with the same model parameters and two separate PWV’s.     

Is arterial stiffness in HIV-infected individuals associated with HIV-related factors?

We investigated the association between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and HIV infection, antiretroviral treatment-related characteristics, viral load, immune status, and metabolic changes in a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort of HIV/AIDS patients who have been followed for metabolic and cardiovascular changes since 2007. The study included patients recruited from the cohort (N = 261) and a comparison group (N = 82) of uninfected individuals, all enrolled from April to November 2009. Aortic stiffness was estimated using the carotid-femoral PWV (Complior-Artech, Paris, France). The groups were similar with respect to age, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, Framingham score, and use of antihypertensive and hypolipidemic medications. Hypertension was more frequent among the controls. Individuals with HIV had higher triglyceride, glucose and HDL cholesterol levels. Among individuals with HIV/AIDS, those with a nadir CD4⁺ T-cell count <200 cells/mm³ had a higher PWV (P = 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference when subjects were stratified by gender. Heart rate, age, male gender, and blood pressure were independently correlated with PWV. Nadir CD4⁺ T-cell count did not remain in the final model. There was no significance difference in PWV between HIV-infected individuals and uninfected controls. PWV was correlated with age, gender, and blood pressure across the entire population and among those infected with HIV. We recommend cohort studies to further explore the association between inflammation related to HIV infection and/or immune reconstitution and antiretroviral use and PWV.     

冠心病患者血液粘度与HDL-C和HDL-C/TC的变化及其关系

本文观察了79例CHD患者和125例中老年对照者血液粘度中的ηb低切、ηb高切和ηP以及血脂中的HDL－C和HDL－C／TC。结果表明CHD患者血液粘度呈高粘滞状态，血脂呈低HDL－C状态；对照组仅HDL－C与ηb低切有较好的负相关，而CHD组的HDL－C和HDL－C／TC与ηb低切和ηb高切均有良好的负相关。结果提示在临床上同时检测这些指标并观察其负相关关系，对协助诊断CHD和预测心血管危险因子具有更大价值。     

高血压患者外周血管壁腔比与脉搏传导速度的探讨

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The assessment of arteriolosclerosis by serum lipids data, and carotid ultrasonography and pulse wave velocity, and its evaluation as a tool for preventive medicine: II. Carotid ultrasonography and pulse wave velocity for hyperlipemia and diabetes mellitus

We studied the test results of carotid ultrasonography and pulse wave velocity against a sample of hyperlipemia and diabetes mellitus. Sixty four hyperlipemia samples (HL), 85 diabetes mellitus samples (DS), and 27 complicated samples (CS) were compared with 56 healthy samples (HS). Hyperlipemia samples were selected from cholesterol under 300 mg/dl, and neutral fat under 300 mg/dl. Diabetes mellitus samples were selected from fasting plasma glucose (FBS) under 200 mg/dl. Samples from severe conditions with various disease were excluded. Ratio over 1.1 mm intima-media thickness (IMT) was 0% in HS, 48% in HL, 40% in DS and 33% in CS. PWV value was max 1896cm/s in CS. There was no significant correlation within IMT, serum lipid(Total Cholesterol, Neutral Fat, HDL-Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol) and FBS. For early treatment or accurate diagnosis of arteriosclerosis in hyperlipemia or diabetes mellitus patients, who are at high risk of developing arteriosclerosis, to vital function tests (carotid ultrasonography and pulse wave velocity) should be performed, in addition to normal blood tests.