Morphofunctional characteristics of connective tissue in emotionally stressed august and wistar rats

August rats, which are predisposed to emotional stress, are shown to differ from Wistar rats, which are not so predisposed, in the morphofunctional organization of lymphoid and connective tissues. In August as compared to Wistar rats, the lymphoid tissue of the spleen, trachea, bronchi, intestine, and lymph nodes is less abundant, the pancreatic insular apparatus is developed much better, and loose connective tissue contains more mast cells without signs of degranulation. Emotional stress leads, in both strains, to strong connective tissue congestion, massive hemorrhages, edema of loose connective tissue in the renal medullary substance and in the liver, focal or focal/confluent connective tissue metachromasia, and progressive mast cell degranulation. These changes are all more pronounced in August rats. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 571–573, June, 1995     

The role of the composition and gas-transporting function of the blood in the fluctuations of the electrical properties of the epidermis and subepidermal tissues

Changes in the composition and gas-transporting function of the blood contribute to the formation of the total electrical impedance of the epidermis, subepidermal connective tissue, and muscles. It is concluded that time fluctuations of the impedance result from the summated influence of the factors characterizing the modulations of the tissue oxygen consumption. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 1, pp. 100–102, January, 1996 Presented by V. P. Kaznacheev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Heterophilic antibodies to connective tissue antigens in the blood sera of rheumatic patients do not cross-react with group AStreptococcus antigens

Heterophilic antibodies reacting with antigens of interstitial connective tissue of bovine myocardium were found in the sera of patients with rheumatic fever. These antibodies were referred to class IgG. Immunologic specificity of the reaction with these antigens was confirmed in experiments with F(ab′)₂ fragments from IgG isolated from the sera of rheumatic patients. Heterophilic antibodies were not adsorbed by various antigens of group AStreptococcus, nor were they isolated in a column with immunosorbent prepared on the basis of nontype-specific streptococcal antigens. The reaction of patients' sera was not inhibited by monoclonal antibodies to nontype-specific antigens cross-reacting with antigens of myocardial interstitial connective tisSue. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 6, pp. 642–644, June, 1994 Presented by S. V. Prozorovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Role of mast cells in reparative processes in inflammation

Using the model of acute infectious peritonitis in rats, it is shown that inflammation induced in the absence of mast cells is characterized by marked inhibition of reparative processes. The most significant accumulation of functionally active fibroblasts and the development of granulations and young connective tissue in the mesentery occur 5–10 days after flogogen injection in the natural development of inflammation and after 10–20 days in the absence of mast cells. The data suggest that under natural conditions mast cells directly or indirectly stimulate reparative processes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 3, pp. 262–265, March, 1995 Presented by E. D. Gol'dberg, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Engineering methods for monitoring the proper localization of muscle and cardial electrodes during cardiomyoplasty operation

Methods are elaborated for monitoring the localisation of muscle and cardiac electrodes during cardiomyoplasty operation. The necessary operation testing system is devised. The paper presents the results of the monitoring of 42 cardiomyoplasty operations with implantation of Stiminak-805 and EKS-445 electrostimulators. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o , 3, pp. 325–328, March, 1994 Presented by V. I. Burakovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

The effect of extract fromRhodiola rosea on the level of inducible HSP-70 in the myocardium during stress

It is demonstrated that the cardioprotective activity of extract fromRhodiola rosea in stress reaches the maximum 5 days after the first dose. Heat shock proteins appear in the myocardium 3 days after an 8-day administration of the extract. It is believed that these proteins are not an important factor in the cardioprotective effect of the extract. Translated fromByullteen' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 3, pp. 256–258, March, 1996 Presented by R. S. Karpov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Use of osteogenic bone-marrow precursor cells for reparative osteogenesis in the mandible of experimental animals

Using a model of “bony tissue tunnel defect” produced by the removal of a mandibular incisor in rats, it was found that closing the defect with a bioprosthesis prevented the washing out of osteogenic bone marrow precursor cells, which serve as a substrate for reparative osteogenesis, from the mandibular spongy bone. The reparative process was strongly stimulated if the bioprosthesis contained estrone; in this case, the time required for the tooth socket to be filled with osteogenic tissue was shortened by half. When no bone marrow elements were present in the socket, it was filled with fibrotic connective tissue, the number of bone marrow elements in spongy bone cavities was small, and the mandibular osteogenic tissue underwent atrophy. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 1, pp. 72–75, January, 1995     

The role of the lymphatic system in the changes of electrolyte balance in the febrile reaction

The shifts of the electrolyte level in the lymph and blood are of the same direction, namely, increased. The content of potassium, sodium, and calcium changes only after prolonged fever, while that of magnesium changes after just a single administration of pyrogenal. The lymph level of calcium and magnesium rises more significantly as compared to the blood. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 2, pp. 174–176, February, 1994     

Correction of hyperlipidemia in patients with cholelithiasis as a means of improving the results of extracorporeal lithotripsy

The results of treatment of patients with uncomplicated cholelithiasis by extracorporeal lithotripsy are analyzed. Clinical evidence confirming the relationship between hyperlipidemia and cholelithiasis is presented. The number of recurrences is foudn to decrease considerably after extracorporeal lithotripsy for judicious correction of hyperlipoproteinemia. Presented by V. S. Savel'ev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 11, pp. 555–558, November, 1994     

Informational capacity of the rat sensorimotor cortex in the postresuscitation period (morphometric analysis of a neuronal population)

The number of neurons was counted in different functional neuronal complexes of the sensorimotor cortex in albino rats in the control and at different times after clinical death caused by asphyxia. A decrease of the number of neurons from 2.5×10⁶ in the control to 1.56×10⁶ toward the 30th day of the postresuscitation period was found in the sensorimotor cortex. The complexes of small neurons in the upper floor (layers II–IV) suffer badly, while the neurons of layer VI are damaged to a somewhat lesser degree and the cells of layer V are minimally altered. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 3, pp. 331–333, March, 1995 Presented by L. V. Poluektov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Binding of3H-diazepam in rat brain eleven months after termination of corazole kindling

Binding of³H-diazepam in rat cerebellum decreases by 14% (p<0.05) 11 months after termination of kindling and one day after injection of a test dose of corazole (30 mg/kg), while it increases by 19.5% after a single injection of a convulsive dose of corazole (50–75 mg/kg). No changes are found in the cortex. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 2, pp. 135–137, February, 1994 Presented by G. N. Kryzhanovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Transplantation of fetal and xenogeneic nervous tissue in Parkinson's disease

A mixture of fetal human brain tissue and of neural primordia of NotchDrosophila melanogaster is transplanted to the ventrolateral thalamic nucleus of patients with Parkinson's disease in stage 3–4. Two kinds of operation are performed. In the first case cryodestruction of the zone of tissue implantation is performed before transplant, and in the second case this procedure is not performed. A stable effect manifested in the disappearance of tremor and rigidity is achieved for both kinds of operation. When a transplant is performed without cryodestruction, the effect does not manifest itself until 2 months postoperation. The patients are followed up for 7–12 months postoperation. No side effects or relapses of Parkinson's disease are observed in this period. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 4, pp. 369–372, April, 1994 Presented by N. K. Permyakov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of the organophosphorus compound anthio on the pulmonary and systemic circulation of non-narcotized cats

Experiments on cats demonstrate the capacity of alert animals to compensate for disorders in pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics caused by organophosphorus compounds. Heart rate, systemic arterial pressure, and total peripheral resistance completely normalize on day 3 after exposure. Pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary blood pressure remain negligibly increased. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 3, pp. 276–279, March, 1995 Presented by N. A. Agadzhanyan, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Morphological characteristics of lymphocyte-hepatocyte contacts in various periods of liver regeneration in mice

The histo-and ultrastructure of regenerating murine liver is studied after excision of 2/3 of its tissue. Counts of leukocytes and lymphocytes are found to be increased in the intertrabecular spaces after the operation. Lymphocytes come in close contact with hepatocytes and reticuloendotheliocytes forming microtunnels at the sites of contact. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 2, pp. 176–179, February, 1994     

Delayed damaging effects of anthracycline antibiotics on the reproductive system of rats

Destructive changes and disturbances of spermatogenesis are found to occur in the testes of Wistar rats 1 and 3 months after a single injection of the anthracycline antibiotic pharmorubicin in the maximum permissible dose. The morphological picture normalizes 6 months postinjection. Disturbances in reproductive function are observed as early as 3 months after treatment. The number of dominant lethal mutations rises one month postinjection. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 1, pp. 55–58, January, 1996     

The microcirculatory bed of hamster cheek pouches after occlusion of the common carotid arteries

The responses of hamster cheek pouch microvessels after occlusion of the common carotid artery on the ipsilateral side are compared. It is found that under conditions of limited inflow the microvessels preserve the inflow on the left side and the outflow on the right side, with venular constriction predominating in the left cheek and arteriolar in the right. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 2, pp. 144–147, February, 1996 Presented by V. V. Kupriyanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences)     

State of the hematopoietic system in rats subjected to emotional stress after low-dose chronic irradiation

Examination of processes occurring in the hematopoietic system of rats subjected to emotional stress shortly after 30-day exposure to low-dose γ-radiation revealed the inhibitory influence of radiation exposure on the development of adaptive reactions by this system in the stressed animals. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 4, pp. 349—353, April, 1995     

Effect of a peptide extract of fetal brain tissue on the intracellular pH of mouse peritoneal phagocytes

The intracellular pH (pH_i) of mouse peritoneal neutrophils, initially 0.2 U, drops after a 15-min incubation of these cells with a peptide extract of fetal brain tissue. Treatment with the preparation leads to appreciable changes in the distribution of neutrophils by the examined parameter. For macrophages, the acidifying effect of the agent and its effect on the pattern of cell distribution in terms of pH values are far less expressed. The effects of the agent in dilutions 1∶10² and 1∶10⁴ on the mean pH_i are virtually the same. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 12, pp. 626–630, December, 1995 Presented by V. I. Kulakov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Ion transport and its adrenergic regulation in erythrocyte membranes of the breamabramis brama injected with a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls

In the first 10 days after the injection of Sovol-54 (a mixture of chlorinated biphenyls) into the breamAbramis brama, considerable alterations in the hormonal regulation of cotranport were observed for erythrocytes of this fish, along with an increase in the passive permeability of their membranes. No significant changes were recorded in Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity or its adrenergic regulation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 10, pp. 379–381, October, 1995 Presented by I. P. Ashmarin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Metastasizing of human melanoma on immunodeficient mice. Tumor cells in the circulation

The subline Bro of human melanoma xenograft with a high metastasizing activity is studied. The data obtained by flow fluorometry after staining with tumor-specific monoclonal antibodies indicate that free melanoma cells are present in the peripheral blood of animals; the largest number of these cells is found in mice with combined immunodeficiencies (beige/nude). Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 8, pp. 188–189, August, 1994 Presented by Yu. A. Romanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences