Spontaneous regression of a large sequestered lumbar disc herniation: a case report and literature review

Lumbar disc herniation is a common disorder in adults that is accompanied by lower back and radicular pain. A 32-year-old man visited our clinic with 1-week history of persistent lower back pain and weakness in his right big toe. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of his lumbar spine revealed herniated discs at L3/L4, L5/S1 and L4/L5, where a right-sided intraspinal mass lesion deep to the L4 vertebral body was causing compression of the nerve root. The patient underwent conservative treatment and reported no symptoms referrable to his back or leg 4 months later. Follow-up MRI showed no herniation of the nucleus pulposus at the L4/L5 level or lesion deep to the vertebral body of L4, whereas no changes had occurred to the status of the herniated L3/L4 and L5/S1 discs. The present case and a literature review show that a sequestered lumbar disc herniation can regress within a relatively short timeframe without surgery. The authors emphasise the utility of conservative therapy for patients who do not have a definitive surgical indication.     

L4～5后路椎体间融合治疗后早期腰椎前凸角度的变化

背景:统计后路椎体间融合治疗后早期腰椎前凸角度变化、分析其变化的特点对腰椎间盘突出的治疗具有重要的临床意义.目的:分析L4~5后路椎体间融合后早期腰椎前凸角度变化及其临床意义.方法:对L4~5腰椎间盘突出并椎管狭窄症和L4滑脱经后路椎体间融合治疗的116例患者,测量患者治疗前后的腰椎前凸角度.随访资料完整患者40例,L4~5椎间盘突出并椎管狭窄28例,L4腰椎滑脱12例,随访12~24个月,分析治疗前后骶骨倾斜角变化.结果与结论:治疗后腰椎前凸角度均较治疗前增大(P < 0.05).腰椎管狭窄与腰椎滑脱患者腰椎前凸角度因手术变化的趋势是相同的(P > 0.05).治疗前后MacNab评分优和良中的患者腰椎前凸角度比较,差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05).说明后路椎体间融合是治疗腰椎间盘突出并椎管狭窄症及腰椎滑脱症的有效手段之一.     

L_（4～5）后路椎体间融合治疗后早期腰椎前凸角度的变化

背景：统计后路椎体间融合治疗后早期腰椎前凸角度变化、分析其变化的特点对腰椎间盘突出的治疗具有重要的临床意义。目的：分析L4～5后路椎体间融合后早期腰椎前凸角度变化及其临床意义。方法：对L4～5腰椎间盘突出并椎管狭窄症和L4滑脱经后路椎体间融合治疗的116例患者,测量患者治疗前后的腰椎前凸角度。随访资料完整患者40例,L4～5椎间盘突出并椎管狭窄28例,L4腰椎滑脱12例,随访12～24个月,分析治疗前后骶骨倾斜角变化。结果与结论：治疗后腰椎前凸角度均较治疗前增大（P〈0.05）。腰椎管狭窄与腰椎滑脱患者腰椎前凸角度因手术变化的趋势是相同的（P〉0.05）。治疗前后MacNab评分优和良中的患者腰椎前凸角度比较,差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）。说明后路椎体间融合是治疗腰椎间盘突出并椎管狭窄症及腰椎滑脱症的有效手段之一。     

Incidental Diagnosis of Intradural Lumbar Disc Herniation During Discography: A Case Report

▪ Abstract:   We describe an incidental finding of intradural lumbar disc herniation diagnosed radiographically during discography. A patient was referred to our center for discography with symptoms of worsening, intractable low back pain radiating to both hips and the left leg which was exacerbated when standing and walking. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine revealed multiple disc bulges and lumbar facet arthroses with ligamentum flavum hypertrophy producing moderate central canal and lateral recess stenosis. Discography was performed at three levels (L3-4, L4-5, L5-S1). During fluoroscopically guided injection into L4-5 it was noted that contrast was not contained within the disc and spread intrathecally with a myelographic appearance. Computerized tomography confirmed accurate needle placement and a spread of contrast into the intrathecal space. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing a finding of intradural disc herniation while performing discography. Physicians should be aware of this potential finding while performing this technique. ▪     

有限椎板切除术对腰椎管狭窄及中央型腰椎间盘突出的治疗作用

目的：评价有限椎板切除术对腰椎管狭窄症以及中央型腰椎间盘突出症的治疗效果。方法：对我科2000年1月至2003年12月期间随访的采用有限椎板切除术治疗的137例腰椎管狭窄症和(或)中央型腰椎间盘突出症患者的术后症状改善情况进行调查评价。结果：本组病例总数137例,其中男78例,女59例,平均年龄45．6岁,随访时间最长15个月,最短1个月,平均6个月。术后腰痛改善总有效率83％,腿痛改善总有效率96％,仅1例病人由于椎间盘复发行再手术椎间融合治疗。结论：有限椎板切除术能够有效地治疗腰椎管狭窄症以及中央型腰椎间盘突出症,而且能够更好地保存脊椎稳定结构而大大降低并发症的发病率。     

Degeneration of the extensor muscle group in a surgical low back and leg pain population

The spinal muscles have received great attention in low back pain (LBP) with suggestions of a de-conditioning syndrome. It is not known whether it is a long or short term consequence of LBP. This study explored the cross section area (CSA) and muscle quality of the spinal extensor group in LBP patients referred to a spinal clinic. MRI scans of 100 annoymised patients were retrospectively reviewed; sagittal and transverse (from levels L3-5) images were archived and analysed to determine CSA and levels of fat infiltration of the extensor muscle groups. Forty six patients had spinal stenosis (28 males, 18 females, mean age 66 ± 14.2 years) and 54 had a disc prolapse (28 males, 26 females, mean age 50 ± 12.9 years). CSA was significantly smaller in the stenotics at both L3/4 and L4/5. Patients presenting with leg pain and a disc herniation had a significantly smaller CSA (p < 0.01) at L3/4 and L4/5 levels. Fat infiltration was present in both groups but was significantly greater in the stenotic group (p < 0.01) and was present at a similar degree at all spinal levels. Multiple regression analysis confirmed that reduced CSA was linked to leg pain (p < 0.01) and age was linked with fat infiltration (p < 0.01). Future work should explore the extent of such changes in an age and sex matched control population with no current back pain or sciatica.     

Clinical evaluation and treatment options for herniated lumbar disc

Degeneration of the intervertebral disc from a combination of factors can result in herniation, particularly at the L4-5 and L5-S1 levels. The presence of pain, radiculopathy and other symptoms depends on the site and degree of herniation. A detailed history and careful physical examination, supplemented if necessary by magnetic resonance imaging, can differentiate a herniated lumbar disc from low back strain and other possible causes of similar symptoms. Most patients recover within four weeks of symptom onset. Many treatment modalities have been suggested for lumbar disc herniation, but studies often provide conflicting results. Initial screening for serious pathology and monitoring for the development of significant complications (such as neurologic defects, cauda equina syndrome or refractory pain) are essential in the management of lumbar disc herniation.     

Nonsurgical treatment for radicular of pain of zygoapophyseal joint cyst origin: therapeutic selective nerve root block

We report the first case of zygoapophyseal joint cyst-induced radicular pain successfully treated with therapeutic selective nerve root block. A 56-year-old dentist presented with pain involving the lateral thigh, lateral calf, and foot dorsum that worsened with standing and walking. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine showed a cyst emanating from the right L4-L5 zygoapophyseal joint, resulting in central canal and lateral recess stenosis. The patient was treated with two fluorscopically guided therapeutic L5 selective nerve root blocks. The patient remained pain free at 18-month follow-up.     

Verlauf nicht operierter lumbaler Bandscheibenvorfälle

In Western industrial countries, low back pain is one of the most frequent causes of illness. Between the 4th and 5th decades of life approximately 80% of adults complain of low back pain, lasting for fairly long periods. About 10% of this population must undergo disc surgery once during life. Several authors have discribed good results for lumbar disc surgery in 55%-86% of their cases. Few control data are available, however, on patients with radiologically proven herniation of the disc regression, who were treated conservatively. Their observations indicate that regression of herniation of a lumbar disc is possible using conservative therapy exclusively. A study was therefore carried out on 43 patients with lumbar disc abnormalities, as demonstrated by spinal computed tomography (CT). Initially, 38 of them showed a herniation and 5 protrusion of the disc plus further neurological deficits and radicular pain syndromes. The subjects were followed up for over 20 months (mean) and monitored by CT in order to check the possibility that the CT findings, neurological deficits, and pain would regress a lengthy period of therapy. The results were the following: Initially, all patients complained of severe low back pain and sciatica, leading to subsequent treatment. At the time of follow-up, 15 of them still reported remittent or chronic low back pain, 9 remittent, and 16 chronic sciatic pain but of much less intensity. Before treatment, 40 patients had neurological deficits, whereas at the time of follow-up, only 24 patients still had deficits. In 2 patients the symptoms had not changed and in 2 others slight deterioration was observed. CT control examinations showed clear regression in the extent of disc herniation in 15 patients, in 18 a moderate decrease, and in 9 cases the CT findings had not changed. A favorable tendency towards regression was observed in disc herniations at the level of L5-S1 and in cases showing sequestration of the disc. Herniations of the disc at higher levels between L4-5 and L3-4 or a lateral herniation, reaching the intervertebral foramen, showed on unfavorable prognosis.     

Lumbar disc sequestration mimicking a tumor: Report of four cases and a literature review

BACKGROUNDDisc herniation refers to the displacement of disc material beyond its anatomical space. Disc sequestration is defined as migration of the herniated disc fragment into the epidural space, completely separating it from the parent disc. The fragment can move in upward, inferior, and lateral directions, which often causes low back pain and discomfort, abnormal sensation, and movement of lower limbs. The free disc fragments detached from the parent disc often mimic spinal tumors. Tumor like lumbar disc herniation can cause clinical symptoms similar to spinal tumors, such as lumbar soreness, pain, numbness and weakness of lower limbs, radiation pain of lower limbs, etc. It is usually necessary to diagnose the disease according to the doctor''s clinical experience, and make preliminary diagnosis and differential diagnosis with the help of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and contrast-enhanced MRI. However, pathological examination is the gold standard that distinguishes tumoral from non-tumoral status. We report four cases of disc herniation mimicking a tumor, and all the pathological results were intervertebral disc tissue.CASE SUMMARYThe first case was a 71-year-old man with low back pain accompanied by left lower extremity radiating pain for 1 year, with exacerbation over the last 2 wk. After admission, MRI revealed a circular T2-hypointense lesion in the spinal canal of the L4 vertebral segment, with enhancement on contrast-enhanced MRI suggesting neurilemmoma. The second case was a 74-year-old man with pain in both knees associated with movement limitation for 3 years, with exacerbation over the last 3 mo. MRI revealed an oval T2-hyperintense lesion in the spinal canal at the L4–5 level, with obvious peripheral enhancement on contrast-enhanced MRI. Thus, neurilemmoma was suspected. The third case was a 53-year-old man who presented with numbness and weakness of the lumbar spine and right lower extremity for 2 wk. MRI revealed a round T2-hyperintense lesion in the spinal canal at the L4–5 level, with obvious rim enhancement on contrast-enhanced MRI. Thus, a spinal tumor was suspected. The fourth case was a 75-year-old man with right lower extremity pain for 2 wk, with exacerbation over the last week. MRI revealed a round T1-isointense lesion in the spinal canal of the L3 vertebral segment and a T2-hyperintense signal from the lesion. There was no obvious enhancement on contrast-enhanced MRI, so a spinal tumor was suspected. All four patients underwent surgery and recovered to ASIA grade E on postoperative days 5, 8, 8, and 6, respectively. All patients had an uneventful postoperative course and fully recovered within 3 mo.CONCLUSIONDisc herniation mimicking a tumor is a relatively rare clinical entity and can be easily misdiagnosed as a spinal tumor. Examinations and tests should be improved preoperatively. Patients should undergo comprehensive preoperative evaluations, and the lesions should be removed surgically and confirmed by pathological diagnosis.     

Inter-examiner reliability in identifying lumbar paraspinal muscle atrophy by lumbar paraspinal muscle atrophy index,a novel parameter

[Purpose] To evaluate the inter-examiner reliability of our novel parameter, the lumbar paraspinal muscle atrophy index, in identifying the lumbar paravertebral muscle atrophy. [Participants and Methods] The study group consisted of 225 adults, with a mean age of 64.7 (range, 21–89) years, who underwent posterior lumbar spinal surgery for degenerative spinal disease at our hospital between July 2013 and June 2017. Preoperative axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance images were used to evaluate the lumbar paraspinal muscle atrophy index and observe the presence or absence of severe lumbar paraspinal muscle atrophy. The lumbar paraspinal muscle atrophy index was calculated at each intervertebral level, from L1-2 through L4-5, once by two examiners, and the Cohen’s kappa statistic was used to calculate the inter-examiner agreement of the classification of the presence or absence of atrophy at each level. [Results] The agreement was high (kappa, 0.79–0.88) for the lumbar paraspinal muscle atrophy index at all levels, except at the L3-4 level (kappa, 0.49). The lower kappa statistic at L3-4 likely reflects the unique morphological characteristics at this level. [Conclusion] The lumbar paraspinal muscle atrophy index is a new, simple, easy-to-use, and sufficiently reliable parameter to identify lumbar paraspinal atrophy.     

单双侧椎弓根螺钉椎体问融合术治疗腰椎退行性疾病的疗效比较

目的 比较单、双侧椎弓根螺钉椎体间融合术治疗腰椎退行性疾病的临床疗效.方法 2006年10月至2010年10月采用后路椎体间融合椎弓根螺钉固定治疗资料完整的60例腰椎退行性疾病患者,根据固定方式分为A、B两组.A组应用单侧椎弓根螺钉椎体间融合术治疗28例,男16例,女12例;年龄40～56岁,平均48岁.术前诊断:腰椎椎间盘脱出4例,腰椎椎间盘术后复发6例,腰椎管狭窄症6例,腰椎退行性不稳8例,退行性腰椎滑脱症4例.B组应用双侧椎弓根螺钉椎体间融合术治疗32例,男18例,女14例;年龄42～67岁,平均52岁.术前诊断:腰椎椎间盘脱出5例,腰椎椎间盘术后复发6例,腰椎管狭窄症7例,腰椎退行性不稳6例,退行性腰椎滑脱症8例.使用ODI评分、VSA视觉模拟评分对两组患者术前评分及术后评分,并比较两组的手术时间、失血量、融合率、医疗费用、手术优良率、并发症发生率等情况.结果 两组患者ODI评分、VSA视觉模拟评分术前与术后3个月、6个月比较差异有统计学意义(PO 05),两组融合率分别为92%、94%.结论 单、双侧椎弓根螺钉椎体间融合术治疗腰椎退行性疾病临床疗效均满意,单侧椎弓根螺钉椎体间融合术创伤小,经济简便,是治疗腰椎退行性疾病的较好选择;但应严格掌握手术适应证,长期疗效尚需进一步临床研究.     

腰椎小关节方向性与腰椎间盘突出症

背景：腰椎小关节及其对称性与腰椎间盘突出之间是否存在关系,文献报道争议很大。目的：测量分析腰椎小关节方向性与腰椎间盘突出的关系。方法：收集因腰腿痛行CT检查的169例患者,L4/5腰椎间盘突出35例,L5/S1腰椎间盘突出67例,无间盘突出对照组67例。在CT终端机上选取L3～S1椎间隙的远侧椎体上终板层面,测量3个节段的腰椎小关节角。结果与结论：①L4/5和L5/S1腰椎间盘突出组L3/4、L4/5、L5/S1每个节段腰椎小关节角左侧均大于右侧（P〈0.05）;各组小关节前内侧角和后外侧角两侧相比差异均无显著性意义（P〉0.05）。②各节段腰椎小关节角、前内侧角、后外侧角3组之间比较没有显著性差异（P〉0.05）。③各组腰椎小关节角、后外侧角自L3/4至L5/S1节段均逐渐增大（P〈0.05）;而前内侧角L4/5节段最大,L3/4节段最小（P〈0.05）。提示腰椎间盘突出与腰椎小关节角左右侧不相等有关;腰椎小关节角和后外侧角自L3/4至L5/S1逐渐更偏向冠状位,而内侧角在L4/5节段更偏冠状位,可能与腰椎管狭窄的发病有关。     

Computed tomographic evaluation of lumbar spinal structures during traction

In the previous studies, it is reported that traction diminishes the compressive load on intervertebral discs, reduces herniation, stretches lumbar spinal muscle and ligaments, decreases muscle spasm, and widens intervertebral foramina. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of horizontal motorized static traction on spinal anatomic structures (herniated area, spinal canal area, intervertebral disc heights, neural foraminal diameter, and m.psoas diameter) by quantitative measures in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). At the same time the effect of traction in different localizations (median and posterolateral herniation) and at different levels (L4-L5 and L5-S1) was assessed. Thirty two patients with acute LDH participated in the study. A special traction system was used to apply horizontally-motorized static lumbar traction. Before and during traction a CT- scan was made to observe the changes in the area of spinal canal and herniated disc material, in the width of neural foramina, intervertebral disc heights, and in the thickness of psoas muscle. During traction, the area of protruded disc area, and the thickness of psoas muscle decreased 24.5% (p = 0.0001), and 5.7% (p = 0.0001), respectively. The area of the spinal canal and the width of the neural foramen increased 21.6% (p = 0.0001) and 26.7% (p = 0.0001), respectively. The anterior intervertebral disc height remained unchanged with traction however the posterior intervertebral disc height was significantly expanded. This study is the first to evaluated in detail and quantitatively the effect of motorized horizontal lumbar spinal traction on spinal structures and herniated area. According to detailed measures it was concluded that during traction of individuals with acute LDH there was a reduction of the size of the herniation, increased space within the spinal canal, widening of the neural foramina, and decreased thickness of the psoas muscle.     

钉棒置入与椎间融合修复极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症：远期腰椎稳定性随访

背景：极外侧腰椎间盘突出症是临床上比较少见的一种腰椎间盘突出类型,目前的治疗方法多样,但治疗效果和复发率报道不一。 目的：探讨应用腰椎椎弓根钉棒内固定联合椎间融合器置入椎间融合修复极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果。 方法：回顾性分析2006年3月至2009年1月行腰椎椎弓根钉棒系统联合椎间融合器置入椎间融合治疗的19例极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症患者的临床资料,根据目测类比评分标准及Macnab评价标准进行疗效判定,观察治疗后腰椎稳定性,通过数据库文献检索方法评估腰椎椎弓根钉棒内固定联合椎间融合器置入椎间融合修复极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症的效果。 结果与结论：19例患者均得到随访,随访时间13个月-3年。所有患者治疗后即有下肢及腰部疼痛不同程度的缓解,治疗前目测类比评分为（7.3±1.3）分,治疗后为（2.1±0.8）分,差异有显著性意义（P〈0.05）。根据Macnab评价标准,优15例,良3例,可1例,差0例,优良率为95%。所有患者均未发生断钉、断棒及松动现象,所有椎间融合器均达到融合,未发生继发性腰椎管狭窄。提示腰椎椎弓根钉棒系统内固定联合椎间融合器置入椎间融合修复极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症症状缓解快,内固定牢固,可获得良好的腰椎稳定性。     

椎间融合术联合椎弓根螺钉单、双边固定治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果

目的比较椎间融合术联合椎弓根螺钉单、双边固定治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果。方法根据内固定方式的不同将我院收治的88例腰椎间盘突出症患者分为单边组(44例,单侧固定)与双边组(44例,双侧固定),比较两组的治疗效果。结果单边组的术中出血量及透视次数少于双边组,住院费用低于双边组(P<0.05);两组术后并发症总发生率无显著差异(P>0.05)。术后,两组PGE2及5-HT水平均降低,且单边组低于双边组(P<0.05)。术后3个月,两组患者脊柱融合率均为100.00%;术后,两组Prolo评分均高于术前(P<0.05);术后1年,单边组关节退变率低于双边组(P<0.05)。结论单边固定术能够减轻腰椎间盘突出症患者术后疼痛程度,经济费用较少,相邻关节退变率较低,但要注意把握手术的适应证。     

Chiropractic management of a patient with lumbar spinal stenosis

OBJECTIVES: To discuss the case of a patient with severe, multilevel central canal stenosis who was managed conservatively with flexion-distraction manipulation; to introduce a cautious approach to the application of treatment, which can reduce the risk of adverse effects and might make an apprehensive doctor more comfortable treating this condition; and to propose a theoretic mechanism for relief of symptoms through use of chiropractic manipulation. Clinical Features: A 78-year-old man had low back pain and severe bilateral leg pains. Objective findings were minimal, yet magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated severe degenerative lumbar stenosis at L3-L4 and L4-L5 and to a lesser degree at L2-L3. Intervention and Outcome: Flexion-distraction manipulation of the lumbar spine was performed. Incremental increases in traction forces were applied as the patient responded positively to care. He experienced a decrease in the frequency and intensity of his leg symptoms and a resolution of his low back pain. These improvements were maintained at a 5-month follow-up visit. CONCLUSION: Successful management of symptoms either caused by or complicated by lumbar spinal stenosis is presented. Manipulation of the spine shows promise for relief of symptoms through improving spinal biomechanics. Further study in the form of a randomized clinical trial is warranted.     

腰椎间盘退变MRI:与Modic改变相关的影像学分析

背景:部分椎间盘源性下腰痛患者MRI可出现Modic改变,但Modic改变的相关因素及Modic改变与椎间盘退变之间因果关系目前尚不十分清楚。目的:分析存在腰椎间盘Modic改变的下腰痛患者性别、年龄分布特点及腰椎间盘发生Modic改变的相关因素。方法:回顾性分析634例(2536个椎间盘)存在腰椎间盘Modic改变患者的性别、年龄分布特点,并分析腰椎间盘Modic改变与椎间盘突出或膨出、Schmorl结节、椎体滑脱、椎间盘解剖水平及椎间盘退行性改变程度的相关性。结果与结论:634例患者中,女性患者ModicⅡ、Ⅲ型出现率均较男性高,而ModicⅠ型出现率小于男性患者(P<0.001);40岁以上患者较40岁以下患者Modic各型改变的出现率均高(P<0.001)。2536个腰椎间盘中,有椎体滑脱、出现Schmorl结节、有椎间盘突出或膨出者Modic各型改变的出现率均比无此类表现者高(P<0.001);L4/5、L5/S1水平(低位)Modic各型改变的出现率均比L2/3、L3/4水平(高位)高(P<0.001);椎间盘退行性改变越严重,Modic各型改变的出现率越高(P<0.001)。椎间盘退行性改变分级、Schmorl结节与Modic改变有显著相关性。结果说明,腰椎间盘Modic改变与患者性别、年龄、椎间盘有无突出或膨出、有无Schmorl结节、椎体有无滑脱、椎间盘解剖水平及椎间盘退行性改变分级均有相关性。其中,椎间盘退行性改变分级、Schmorl结节与腰椎间盘Modic改变间的相关性最高,且椎间盘退行性改变分级较Schmorl结节与之相关性更高。     

经皮椎间孔脊柱内窥镜下技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效观察

目的:评价应用经皮椎间孔脊柱内窥镜下技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效观察。方法:自2010年9月~2011年12月间,应用经皮椎间孔脊柱内窥镜下技术,治疗腰椎间盘突出症277例(340个椎间盘)。采用患者腰腿痛进行视觉模拟疼痛评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和Macnab标准评定手术疗效。结果:本组无术中硬脊膜撕裂和血管、神经损伤等并发症。3例患者术后下肢表现一过性痛觉过敏,经对症治疗2周后症状消失。平均手术时间45 min(30~70 min),平均下床时间6 h(3~12 h),平均住院时间7 d(5~15 d),随访时间4~13个月,平均6.8个月。下肢神经支配区域使用VAS评分,术前8.8±1.0分,术后5 d为2.5±1.4分,末次随访时1.3±1.2分;术前、术后对比,结果有统计学差异(P<0.01)。参照Macnab疗效评定标准,优211例,良54例,可12例,差0例,优良率95.8%。结论:经皮椎间孔脊柱内窥镜下技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症具有创伤小、出血少、恢复快、并发症少、疗效确切的优点。该技术是微创治疗腰椎间盘巨大突出、脱出、游离型椎间盘突出症的最佳方法之一。     

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (91)

Nonsurgical treatment for radicular pain of zygoapophyseal joint cyst origin: therapeutic selective nerve root block. (Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA) Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000;81;1119–1122.
This report discusses the first case of zygoapophyseal joint cyst-induced radicular pain successfully treated with therapeutic selective nerve root block. A 56-year-old dentist presented with pain involving the lateral thigh, lateral calf, and foot dorsum that worsened with standing and walking. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine showed a cyst emanating from the right L4-L5 zygoapophyseal joint, resulting in central canal and lateral recess stenosis. The patient was treated with 2 fluoroscopically guided therapeutic L5 selective nerve root blocks. The patient remained pain free at 18-month follow-up.