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1.
腰椎侧位片判断椎弓根螺钉进钉深度的放射解剖学研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
目的 :探讨用腰椎侧位片判断椎弓根螺钉进钉深度的可行性。材料和方法 :在 31套腰椎骨标本上 (310个椎弓根 )用 1mm软钢丝在椎弓根最狭窄处缠绕 ,按人字嵴顶点进针方法打入椎弓根直钢丝 ,拍正侧位片及横断面片 ,观测直钢丝在椎弓根及椎体内的位置 ,并推算进钉深度比率。结果 :腰椎侧位片上椎弓根螺钉进钉深度比率为L1(88.1±5 ) % ,L2 (86 .2± 4.4) % ,L3(87.7± 4.4) % ,L4 (87.2± 5 .1) % ,L5(88.1± 5 .1) %。结论 :在腰椎侧位片上可判定椎弓根螺钉进钉深度 ,其最佳比率L1~L5为 85 %~ 90 %。 相似文献
2.
目的探讨临床应用胸腰椎椎弓根螺钉位置不良的原因,并提出预防措施,提高手术疗效,以减少并发症的发生。方法1998-2005年行后路切开短节段椎弓根螺钉系统内固定加植骨术治疗胸腰椎疾患180例,通过X线片及CT检查,并结合临床检查和回顾术中情况,对置钉位置进行分析。结果本组椎弓根螺钉位置不良共21例,进钉过深3例,其中1例损伤血管至死亡;螺钉置入椎体外2例;进入椎间隙3例;置入椎管内6例,其中2例出现一过性肢体麻木;进钉过浅3例;角度欠佳4例。结论手术医生术前仔细阅片,熟悉椎弓根的局部解剖及损伤情况,术中规范操作,选择合适的进钉点,掌握正确的进钉技术,结合术中X线片,才能提高置钉的准确性,减少并发症的发生。 相似文献
3.
导航辅助腰椎椎弓根螺钉置入的误差分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
目的:探讨导航辅助腰椎椎弓根螺钉置入的准确性和误差产生的原因。方法:16例腰椎疾病的患者,在导航辅助下置人76枚椎弓根螺钉,手术后行X线和CT检查,在矢状位测量螺钉与椎弓根上缘的相对位置、与椎体上缘的角度;横断位测量螺钉与椎弓根内壁的相对位置、与椎体中线的角度。并与手术导航图像的对应数值进行统计学比较。结果:有2枚螺钉偏头侧出椎弓根,术中纠正,1枚螺钉造成椎弓根外壁缺损而被取出,2枚螺钉偏外侧出椎弓根。其余螺钉手术后CT与手术中导航图像显示的位置角度比较没有显著性差异。导航可能产生两种偏差,一种是因为椎体之间的距离缩短,常见于腰椎骨折和腰椎不稳定的患者,手术过程中腰椎前凸加大,螺钉出椎弓根上缘或下缘;另一种是扩椎弓根时图像晃动,或者开路锥在椎弓根内调整位置时产生的虚假图像误导手术者判断错误。结论:在使用导航过程中要采取措施避免腰椎的前凸加大,根据静止的图像做出判断,以减小误差。 相似文献
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椎弓根螺钉把持椎弓根皮质骨对其固定强度的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
目的:了解椎弓根螺钉把持椎弓根皮质骨对椎弓根螺钉固定强度的影响。方法:将成年羊腰椎椎弓根48个依据椎弓根皮质骨内径和椎弓根螺钉直径(6.25mm)的相对关系分为三组:A组,螺钉直径小于椎弓根皮质骨内径:B组.螺钉直径超出椎弓根皮质骨内径0.01~0.50mm;C组,螺钉直径超出椎弓根皮质骨内径0.51~1.00mm。每组再根据进钉深度与椎弓根长度(平均约8mm)的相对关系分为Ⅰ(进钉深度为16mm)、Ⅱ(进钉深度为8mm)两组。将椎弓根螺钉置入椎弓根中,观察钉道结构、膨胀情况,测量椎弓根螺钉最大轴向拔出力。结果:椎弓根螺钉置入后,椎弓根发生不同程度膨胀;椎弓根螺纹能够切入皮质骨中;C Ⅰ组最大轴向拔出力比A Ⅰ组和B Ⅰ组大(P〈0.05),C Ⅱ组最大轴向拔出力比A Ⅱ组和B Ⅱ组大(P〈0.05),B Ⅱ组比A Ⅱ组大(P〈0.05)。结论:椎弓根螺钉把持椎弓根皮质骨能够增加椎弓根螺钉的固定强度;且椎弓根螺钉把持椎弓根皮质骨量越大,固定强度越大。 相似文献
5.
三维CT重建模拟三种腰椎椎弓根螺钉置入方法的安全性分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的:通过计算机三维CT重建,测量三种腰椎椎弓根螺钉置入方法的置钉参数,探讨其安全适用节段。方法:在40例腰椎CT三维重建图像上应用人字嵴顶点法、Magerl法及Roy-Camille法模拟置钉.测量进钉点至椎弓根轴线的距离及置钉水平面角的安全范围.比较三种方法在腰椎各节段安全性的差异。结果:在L1~L4。“人字嵴顶点法”的进钉点到椎弓根轴线距离小于它其两种方法(P〈0.05);在L5,Magerl法的距离最短(P〈0.05)。在L1、L2.三种方法置钉水平面角(TSA)的安全范围无显著性差异(P〉0.05);在L3、L4,“人字嵴顶点法”与Magerl法的置钉TSA的安全范围大于Roy-Camille法(P〈0.01).但两者之间无显著性差异(P〉0.05);在L5.Magerl法的安全范围最大(P〈0.05)。结论:在L1~L4,“人字嵴顶点法”是理想置钉方法:在L5,Magerl法是理想置钉方法:Roy-Camille法仅适合于L1、L2.不推荐在L3~L5应用。 相似文献
6.
经椎弓根内固定的形态与生物力学研究 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
目的:提高临床医师对椎弓根内固定技术的理论认识。方法:应用直径4.5mm,5.5mm,6.25mm和7.0mm4种不同直径的椎弓根螺钉16具T6~S1节段的新鲜尸体脊柱标本上观察:(1)穿钉失败率;(2)椎弓根膨胀变形率;(3)椎弓根螺钉把持力;(4)椎弓根椎体损伤分类。结果:穿钉失败率与操作技术和椎弓根横径相关,在下胸椎失败率高主要与椎弓根横径密切相关,没有发生穿钉失败的椎弓根膨胀率28.6%~ 相似文献
7.
目的:分析胸腰椎经皮椎弓根螺钉固定术的置钉准确性.方法:回顾分析2010年7月~2012年12月我院53例胸腰椎经皮椎弓根螺钉固定术患者,男31例,女22例;年龄18~73岁,平均51.2岁.腰椎退变性疾病24例,胸腰椎骨折29例.置钉节段为T8~S1.根据术后CT轴位扫描图像以及患者是否出现椎弓根螺钉相关并发症,将椎弓根螺钉位置分级:0级,螺钉位于椎弓根皮质内;1级,螺钉突破椎弓根骨壁但≤2mm;2级,螺钉突破椎弓根骨壁>2mm,但无神经受压等症状;3级,出现螺钉相关并发症.结果:共置入椎弓根螺钉212枚,平均4.0枚/例.212枚螺钉中,0级175枚(82.5%);1级32枚(15.1%);2级4枚(1.9%);3级1枚(0.5%),患者出现神经受压症状,行翻修术.37枚位置不佳的螺钉中,24枚向内侧切出椎弓根,13枚向外侧切出.结论:胸腰椎经皮椎弓根螺钉固定技术虽置钉位置欠佳率较高,但很少发生2级以上置钉位置不佳者. 相似文献
8.
应防范椎弓根螺钉置入错误 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
胡有谷 《中国脊柱脊髓杂志》2007,17(8):565-566
1970年Roy-Camille及其同事首先报告了椎弓根螺钉系统(RRC系统)应用的临床实践,此开拓性的手术为脊柱内固定做出了巨大贡献。此后,在此基础上发展了VSP、TSRH、Moss Miami和CD等椎弓根内固定系统,对原有的椎弓根内固定系统进行了不同程度的改进。20世纪80年代初,苏州医学院 相似文献
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10.
《中国矫形外科杂志》2019,(14):1306-1310
[目的]探讨不同置钉条件、不同骨水泥注射剂量对骨质疏松椎体椎弓根螺钉固定强度的影响。[方法]从6具老年尸体中选取30个腰椎标本(L_1~L_5),排除先天畸形、骨折及肿瘤,测量骨密度确诊骨质疏松后,将60侧椎弓根随机分为2大组,分别行初次置钉与二次置钉,并分别经钉道注入1.0 ml、1.5 ml、2.0 ml、2.5 ml、3.0 ml骨水泥。观察骨水泥分布情况,测量并分析最大轴向拔出力(the maximum axial pullout strength, F_(max))。[结果]影像显示骨水泥主要分布于螺钉尾部,未出现骨水泥渗漏。各相应骨水泥剂量条件下,初次置钉组的Fmax均大于二次置钉组,但差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。随着骨水泥剂量增加,两组标本的Fmax均显著增加,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。初次与二次两种置钉方式间Fmax的差异有统计学意义(F_(置钉)=16.462,P0.001),不同骨水泥剂量间Fmax的差异有统计学意义(F_(水泥)=114.450,P0.001),置钉方式与骨水泥剂量之间不存在交互作用(F_(交互)=1.996,P=0.114)。初次置钉组的F_(max)与骨水泥剂量呈正相关(r=0.885,P0.001),二次置钉组的Fmax与骨水泥剂量呈正相关(r=0.942,P0.001)。[结论]初次置钉的强度优于二次置钉,骨水泥能增加椎弓根螺钉固定强度,且骨水泥剂量与强度呈正相关,但是建议骨水泥注入剂量为2.0~2.5 ml。 相似文献
11.
Background:
Biomechanical studies have shown C2 pedicle screw to be the most robust in insertional torque and pullout strength. However, C2 pedicle screw placement is still technically challenging. Smaller C2 pedicles or medial localization of the vertebral artery may preclude safe C2 pedicle screw placement in some patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the pullout strength of spinous process screws with pedicle screws in the C2.Materials and Methods:
Eight fresh human cadaveric cervical spine specimens (C2) were harvested and subsequently frozen to −20°C. After being thawed to room temperature, each specimen was debrided of remaining soft tissue and labeled. A customs jig as used to clamp each specimen for screw insertion firmly. Screws were inserted into the vertebral body pairs on each side using one of two methods. The pedicle screws were inserted in usual manner as in previous biomechanical studies. The starting point for spinous process screw insertion was located at the junction of the lamina and the spinous process and the direction of the screw was about 0° caudally in the sagittal plane and about 0° medially in the axial plane. Each vertebrae was held in a customs jig, which was attached to material testing machine (Material Testing System Inc., Changchun, China). A coupling device that fit around the head of the screw was used to pull out each screw at a loading rate of 2 mm/min. The uniaxial load to failure was recorded in Newton''st dependent test (for paired samples) was used to test for significance.Results:
The mean load to failure was 387 N for the special protection scheme and 465 N for the protection scheme without significant difference (t = −0.862, P = 0.403). In all but three instances (38%), the spinous process pullout values exceeded the values for the pedicle screws. The working distances for the spinous process screws was little shorter than pedicle screws in each C2 specimen.Conclusion:
Spinous process screws provide comparable pullout strength to pedicle screws of the C2. Spinous process screws may provide an alternative to pedicle screws fixation, especially with unusual anatomy or stripped screws. 相似文献12.
目的探讨后路椎弓根螺钉治疗腰椎爆裂骨折的临床价值。方法采用后路椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗36例腰椎爆裂骨折患者(38个椎体),通过X线片测量术前、术后1周和术后8个月时椎体前缘相对高度、Cobb角情况。结果患者均获随访,时间8~15个月。伤椎前缘相对高度:术前为42.2%±7.3%,术后1周为98.3%±1.5%,术后8个月为97.5%±1.6%,术后1周及术后8个月较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后8个月与术后1周比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Cobb角:术前为19.2°±6.1°,术后1周为2.6°±1.3°,术后8个月为3.3°±1.4°,术后1周及术后8个月与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后8个月与术后1周比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者均未发生内固定失效情况及后凸畸形再发等并发症。结论后路椎弓根螺钉是治疗腰椎爆裂骨折较理想的方法。 相似文献
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目的探讨经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定手术治疗胸腰椎骨折的效果。方法将42例胸腰椎骨折患者随机分为开放椎弓根螺钉内固定组(开放组,21例)和经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定组(经皮组,21例)。对术中、术后反映手术创伤的指标进行监测,观察术前、术后1年椎体前缘高度和伤椎Cobb角,并进行比较分析。结果经皮组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、切口长度、住院时间及带支具离床时间均少于开放组(P<0.05),经皮组内固定破坏、腰背部疼痛的程度和发生率均低于开放组(P<0.05);两组术后伤椎椎体前缘高度、Cobb角与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),经皮组伤椎椎体恢复较开放组好。结论微创经皮置入椎弓根钉固定技术治疗胸腰椎骨折并发症少,功能恢复较开放椎弓根螺钉内固定好。 相似文献
14.
Da Liu Jun Sheng Yang Luo Chen Huang Hong-Hua Wu Jiang-Jun Zhou Xiao-Jun Zhang Wei Zheng 《The spine journal》2018,18(9):1637-1644
Background Context
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is widely used for pedicle screw augmentation in osteoporosis. Until now, there had been no studies of the relationship between screw stability and the distribution and volume of PMMA.Purpose
The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between screw stability and the distribution pattern and injected volume of PMMA.Study Design
This is a biomechanical comparison of injectable pedicle screws with different lateral holes augmented with different volumes of PMMA in cadaveric osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae.Methods
Forty-eight osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae were randomly divided into Groups A, B, and C with different pedicle screws (16 vertebrae in each group), and then each group was randomly divided into Subgroups 0, 1, 2, and 3 with different volumes of PMMA (four vertebra with eight pedicles in each subgroup). A pilot hole was prepared in advance using the same method in all samples. Type A and type B pedicle screws were directly inserted into vertebrae in Groups A and B, respectively, and then different volumes of PMMA (0, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0?mL) were injected through the screws and into vertebrae in Subgroups 0, 1, 2, and 3. The pilot holes were filled with different volumes of PMMA (0, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0?mL), and then the screws were inserted in Groups C0, C1, C2, and C3. Screw position and distribution of PMMA were evaluated radiographically, and axial pullout tests were performed to measure maximum axial pullout strength (Fmax).Results
Polymethylmethacrylate surrounded the anterior one-third of screws in the vertebral body in Groups A1, A2, and A3; the middle one-third of screws in the junction area of the vertebral body and the pedicle in Groups B1, B2, and B3; and the full length of screws evenly in both the vertebral body and the pedicle in Groups C1, C2, and C3. There was no malpositioning of screws or leakage of PMMA in any sample. Two-way analysis of variance revealed that two factors—distribution and volume of PMMA—significantly influenced Fmax (p<.05) but that they were not significantly correlated (p=.088). Fmax values in groups using augmentation with PMMA values significantly improved compared with those in groups without PMMA (p<.05).Conclusions
Polymethylmethacrylate can significantly enhance the stability of different injectable pedicle screws in osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae, and screw stability is significantly correlated with the distribution pattern and the injected volume of PMMA. The closer the PMMA to the pedicle and the greater the quantity of injected PMMA, the greater is the pedicle screw stability. Injection of 2.0?mL of PMMA through screws with four lateral 180° holes or of 1.0?mL of PMMA through screws with six lateral 180° holes increases the stability of pedicle screws. 相似文献15.
【摘要】 目的:比较骨质疏松绵羊腰椎膨胀式椎弓根螺钉(expansive pedicle screw,EPS)与骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉(polymethylmethacrylate-augmented pedicle screw,PMMA-PS)固定的动态稳定性。方法:8只健康成年雌性绵羊,体重55.7±5.6kg,年龄5.5±0.7岁。行双侧卵巢切除术(去势手术)后1个月开始连续肌肉注射甲基强的松龙(0.45mg/kg/d)10个月,在建模前、激素注射结束后1个月(建模后)测量绵羊腰椎的骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),BMD显著下降(>25%)时为骨质疏松动物模型成功建立。建模后将每只骨质疏松绵羊腰椎(L1~L6)随机分为3组,每组2个腰椎。普通椎弓根螺钉(conventional pedicle screw,CPS)组,直接拧入CPS;PMMA-PS组,向钉道内注入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA,1.0ml)后拧入CPS;EPS组,直接拧入EPS。螺钉置入术后6周和12周各处死4只绵羊,取出腰椎,剔除标本周围软组织,自各椎间盘处离断,游离成单个椎体。每个腰椎随机选择一侧的螺钉行轴向拔出实验,将椎体固定于MTS 858生物材料实验机上,沿椎弓根螺钉长轴方向以5mm/min的加载速度进行轴向拔出实验,测量螺钉的最大轴向拔出力(the maximum pullout strength,Fmax)和能量吸收值(energy absorbed value,EAV)。结果:建模前、后绵羊腰椎的BMD分别为1.14±0.10g/cm2和0.83±0.07g/cm2,建模后BMD显著下降(P<0.05),平均为27.2%(25.4%~28.9%),骨质疏松绵羊模型成功建立。置钉术后6周EPS组和PMMA-PS组的Fmax分别为1252.13±203.51N和1426.38±235.75N,EAV分别为2.48±0.45J和2.84±0.55J,均显著高于CPS组(827.88±139.22N和1.66±0.30J)(P<0.05);置钉术后12周EPS组和PMMA-PS组的Fmax分别为1518.88±256.81N和1472.75±248.65N,EAV分别为3.09±0.59J和2.95±0.60J,均显著高于CPS组(906.63±152.50N和1.80±0.35J)(P<0.05);置钉术后6周、12周EPS组的Fmax和EAV与PMMA-PS组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。置钉术后12周CPS组和PMMA-PS组的Fmax和EAV与同组置钉术后6周比较无显著性变化(P>0.05),置钉术后12周EPS组的Fmax和EAV较同组置钉术后6周均有显著性提高(P<0.05)。结论:与CPS相比,EPS可显著提高螺钉在骨质疏松绵羊腰椎中的稳定性,并达到了与临床常用的PMMA-PS近似的固定效果。 相似文献
16.
目的比较单侧与双侧椎弓根螺钉固定,单枚Cage椎间融合治疗极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法对36例极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分组为单侧椎弓根螺钉固定组19例,双侧椎弓根螺钉固定组17例,均行单枚Cage椎间融合固定。记录手术时间、出血量、住院花费、融合率及并发症,临床疗效评估采用腰痛和下肢VAS,JOA评分及ODI指数。所有患者均随访2年。结果两组患者术后腰痛和下肢疼痛VAS、JOA评分及ODI指数较术前明显改善,存在显著性差异。单侧组在术中出血、手术时间及住院花费方面明显少于双侧组。在腰痛VAS、JOA评分及ODI指数方面,单侧组于术后1周、3个月随访时优于双侧组。术后所有患者均骨性融合,2组均未出现钉棒松动及Cage移位。结论单侧椎弓根螺钉固定治疗极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症可取得与双侧椎弓根螺钉固定相同的临床效果,且有效减少手术时间、术中出血及促进早期术后康复,减少住院花费的优点。 相似文献
17.
目的 分析对模拟双节段腰椎后路椎体间融合术(PLIF)采用单侧椎弓根钉固定(单侧固定)的生物力学稳定性.方法 将6具新鲜成人尸体腰椎标本(L2~S2)分别制备成L4~S1的PLIF模型,应用MTS 858实验机模拟产生屈伸、侧弯、轴向旋转,并按初始状态、单侧不稳、单侧不稳-单侧固定、双侧不稳-单侧固定、双侧不稳-双侧固定、双侧不稳的顺序进行测试,动态摄取记录各个节段角位移运动范围(ROM)与中性区值(NZ).结果 单侧不稳-单侧固定屈伸、侧弯、轴向旋转方向ROM值依次为2.53±1.12、4.03±2.19、2.78±1.00,NZ值依次为1.14±0.70、1.96±1.13、1.28±0.71,均显著小于初始状态(P<0.05),相比双侧不稳-双侧固定,各方向ROM与NZ值分别增加60.13%与17.52%、315.46%与243.86%、8.17%与6.20%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).双侧不稳-单侧固定侧弯与旋转状态ROM与NZ值较双侧不稳-双侧固定显著增加(P<0.05).结论 单侧固定对人腰椎标本模拟双节段单侧PLIF可提供与双侧固定相似的生物力学稳定性,而对于模拟双节段双侧PLIF则单侧固定在大多数三维运动方向上不能提供足够的力学稳定性.Abstract: Objective To analyze the biomechanical efficacy of unilateral pedicle screw fixation on human cadaveric lumbar spine model simulated by two-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). Methods Six fresh-frozen adult human cadaveric lumbar spine motion segments (L2-S2) were simulated to unilateral/bilateral L4-S1 PLIF constructs augmented by unilateral/bilateral pedicle screw fixation sequentially and respectively. All configurations were tested by MTS 858 in the following sequential construct order: the intact, UI (unilateral instability), UIUF1C (unilateral instability via unilateral pedicle screw fixation plus one cage) , BIUF1C (bilateral instability via unilateral pedicle screw fixation plus one cage) , BIBF1C (bilateral instability via bilateral pedicle screw fixation plus one cage) and BI (bilateral instability without pedicle screw and cage). Each specimen was nondestructively tested in flexion/extension, lateral performed between different simulated constructs with One Way of ANOVA and Post hoc LSD tests. Results BIBF1C had the lowest ROM and NZ of L4-S1 fusion segments in all loading models, which were significantly lower than those of any uninstmmented construct (the intact, UI and BI) (P < 0. 05). In flexion/extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation, the ROM of UIUF1C was respectively 2.53 ± 1. 12, 4.03 ± 2. 19, 2. 78 ±1.00 and the NZ of UIUF1C was respectively 1.14 ±0.70, 1.96 ±1. 13, 1.28 ±0.71, which were significantly lower than those of the intact (P <0. 05). Compared to BIBF1C, the ROM and NZ were respectively increased 60.13% and 17.52% in flexion/extension, 315.46% and 243.86% in lateral bending, 8. 17% and 6. 20% in axial rotation, however, there were no significant differences between these two constructs (P > 0. 05). In lateral-bending and axial rotation, the ROM and NZ of BIUF1C were significantly higher than those of BIBF1C (P < 0. 05). In flexion/extension, the ROM and NZ of BIUF1C were higher than those of BIBF1C but there were no significant differences (P >0. 05). Compared to the intact, BIUF1C had lower ROM and NZ except for higher NZ in axial rotation, and there were significant differences only in flexion/extension (P < 0. 05). Conclusions All tested two-level unilateral fixation on simulated human cadaveric model with unilateral PLIF can achieve similar initial biomechanical stability in comparison with two-level bilateral pedicle screw fixation. However in most test modes, two-level unilateral pedicle screw fixation on simulated human cadaveric model with bilateral PLIF can not achieve enough biomechanical efficacy in comparison with two-level bilateral pedicle screw fixation. 相似文献
18.
目的:探讨经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定联合Quadrant微创撑开系统在治疗腰椎退行性疾病中的临床应用价值.方法:我院于2010年2月~2012年2月共治疗腰椎退行性疾病患者92例,随机对其中46例采用经皮椎弓根内固定联合Quadrant微创撑开系统行椎间盘摘除植骨融合术治疗(微创组),46例采用传统后路腰椎间融合术(PLIF)治疗(传统组),分别对两组手术时间、切口长度、失血量、末次随访时根据改良MacNab标准判定的优良率、术前及术后半年与术后1年腰背痛VAS评分、并发症等进行对比分析.结果:患者均获随访,随访时间4~24个月,平均16个月.微创组术后并发症出现切口延期愈合1例,脑脊液漏1例.微创组与传统组的手术时间分别为100.0±21.7min和91.0±18.1min,优良率分别为89.2%和86.9%,两组间比较差异无显著性(P>0.05).微创组与传统组术前VAS评分分别为6.0±3.3分和6.3±2.5分,术后6个月时分别为2.5±1.3分和2.6±1.4分,术后1年时分别为1.4±1.1分和1.3±1.1分,两组患者术后腰背痛较术前均得到缓解(P<0.05),两组间比较差异无显著性(P>0.05).手术切口微创组(2.5±0.2cm)小于传统组(5.1±0.6cm),出血量微创组(80.0±7.2ml)少于传统组(152.0±12.3ml),差异均有显著性(P<0.05).微创组24例在术后3个月,18例在术后6个月,其余4例患者在术后1年时影像学上获得植骨融合;传统组25例在术后3个月,18例在术后6个月,其余3例患者在术后1年时影像学上获得植骨融合.结论:经皮椎弓根内固定联合Quadrant微创撑开系统应用于腰椎后路治疗腰椎间盘突出症是一种安全、有效的方法,较之传统后路手术具有切口小,出血量少的优势. 相似文献
19.
目的探讨成人腰椎侧凸椎弓根螺钉误置模式并分析其危险因素。方法选取2010年8月至2011年6月行后路全椎弓根螺钉固定的成人腰椎侧凸患者49例,男14例,女35例;年龄30~65岁,平均39.2±13.8岁。术中根据解剖标志徒手置入椎弓根螺钉,术后行CT检查。破壁螺钉按测量螺钉穿破椎弓根内、外侧壁及椎体前缘的距离分为4级:1级≤2mm,2级2.1—4.0mm,3级4.1~6.0mm,4级≥6.1mm。不良置钉为穿透任一壁距离超过2mm者,高危置钉为穿破内侧壁超过4mm或穿破外侧壁顶尖使主动脉变形者。比较不同分组螺钉破壁率的差异。结果49例共置入353枚螺钉,平均每例7.2枚。螺钉完全在椎弓根内且无椎体前缘穿破316枚(占89.5%)。破壁螺钉37枚(占10.5%),根据破壁距离分级:1级25枚,2级8枚,3级1枚,4级3枚。不良置钉12枚(占3.4%),其中穿破内、外侧壁及椎体前缘超过2mm分别为3枚、6枚、3枚。无高危置钉。螺钉破壁率:年龄〉50岁组为9.9%与年龄≤50岁组为10.9%无显著性差异(P=0.860);顶椎(apicalvertebra,AV)高于AV上下各节段;凹侧为15.6%明显高于凸侧为5.9%(P=0.005);Cobb角〉60°组为20.2%显著高于Cobb角≤60。组为6.1%(P〈0.001)。椎体旋转3—4度组为16.5%明显高于椎体旋转0~2度组为6.5%(P=0.012)。患者术中及术后均未出现神经并发症。结论成人腰椎侧凸椎弓根螺钉置人具有较高的精确性,破壁螺钉及不良置钉主要位于AV及凹侧,危险因素包括较大Cobb角、严重椎体旋转以及凹侧置钉。 相似文献
20.
目的:探讨颈椎椎弓根皮质骨螺钉在临床使用可行性、钉道的参数和置钉后生物力学分析.方法:随机选取我院2014年1月~2018年6月住院行颈椎CT三维重建的住院患者CT资料30例,男性16例,女性14例,年龄30~60岁(48.0±5.6岁),采集患者颈椎(选取C4~C6)CT连续扫描数据,测量每个椎弓根的形态学数据:椎弓... 相似文献