掌侧T型钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端关节内骨折

内固定技术的发展使切开复位钢板内固定逐渐成为桡骨远端关节内骨折治疗的一种有效方法.我院2002年1月-2004年6月使用掌侧T型钢板内固定共治疗桡骨远端骨折24例,效果满意。     

有限内固定治疗胫腓骨下段骨折

2002年2月～2003年6月,我科收治胫腓下段骨折患者75例,分别采用有限内固定加石膏外固定及胫骨腓侧解剖型钢板内固定,均取得满意疗效。     

自身增强可吸收内固定物交锁治疗前臂骨折

1998年12月-2001年4月,根据交锁髓内针固定原理,采用芬兰产BIOFIX自身增强可吸收内固定物行交锁内固定手术治疗前臂骨折12例,疗效满意.     

外固定架与切开复位内固定治疗Ruedi-Allgower III型Pilon骨折疗效分析

【】目的 比较有限内固定结合外固定架与前正中联合后外侧入路切开复位内固定治疗Ruedi-Allgower III型Pilon骨折的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2008年3月至2015年6月采用有限内固定结合外固定架和前正中联合后外侧入路切开复位内固定两种方法治疗117例Ruedi-Allgower III型Pilon骨折患者资料。其中53例采用有限内固定结合外固定架治疗(A组),64例采用前正中联合后外侧入路切开复位内固定治疗(B组)。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后首次负重时间、早期并发症、远期并发症、Mazur功能评分。结果 术后均获随访10-32个月,平均22个月。两组术中出血量、术后首次负重时间、早期并发症无明显差异(P>0.05);手术时间、术后远期并发症及末次随访Mazur功能评分两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 与有限内固定结合外固定架治疗Ruedi-Allgower III型Pilon骨折比较,前正中联合后外侧入路切开复位内固定治疗Ruedi-Allgower III型Pilon骨折可以充分暴露骨折端,满意复位关节面,固定牢靠,患肢术后功能恢复远期疗效更好。     

空心加压螺钉与解剖钢板内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折

2004年6月～2007年12月，笔者采用闭合复位空心加压螺钉内固定及切开复位解剖钢板内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折30例，效果较好，报道如下。     

混合式支架联合有限内固定治疗高能量胫骨平台骨折

胫骨平台骨折常合并严重软组织损伤,常规内固定治疗易发生术后并发症。自2005年1月至2007年8月选择混合式外固定支架联合有限内固定方法,治疗高能量胫骨平台骨折取得满意疗效。     

舟状骨腰部骨折的治疗

自2005年1月至2008年1月,分别采用经皮克氏针内固定和切开复位Herbert螺钉内固定治疗舟状骨腰部骨折23例,现报告如下。     

胫骨Pilon Ⅲ型骨折的疗效观察

目的 :观察胫骨 Pilon 型骨折的手术疗效。方法 :回顾本院 1988年～ 2 0 0 0年经手术治疗的胫骨 Pilon 型骨折患者 2 5例的临床资料。胫骨内固定中 ,以螺丝钉 克氏针内固定 石膏外固定 4例 ;普通钢板内固定 石膏外固定 10例 ;AO塑形接骨板内固定 11例 ;同时作自体髂骨植骨 18例。腓骨下段均采用钢板内固定。采用 Mazur等制定的踝关节症状与功能评分系统判断疗效。结果 :术后随访 2 4～ 60个月 ,平均 3 2个月 ,优 9例 ,良 7例 ,可 6例 ,差 3例 ,优良率 64 %。2 5例中 6例患者继发踝关节创伤性关节炎 ,其中 5例出现明显自觉症状。结论 :在胫骨 Pilon 型骨折治疗中 ,解剖复位是基础 ,稳定固定是保证 ,早期活动是目的。在胫骨三种内固定方法中 ,AO塑形钢板可满足要求。同时手术时机、切口感染、外固定时间长短诸因素可影响疗效。     

B、C型桡骨远端骨折的治疗

目的 探讨AO分类B、C型桡骨远端骨折的治疗方法。方法 对93例B、C型桡骨远端骨折采用手法复位石膏固定、闭合性复位经皮克氏针内固定及切开复位钢板螺钉内固定。结果 全部病例均随访2年以上。优良率：手法复位石膏固定组为82．05％，经皮克氏针内固定组为81．82％，切开复位钢板螺钉内固定组为80．95％。结论 手法复位能达到解剖或近似解剖复位并经石膏固定可达到良好固定者应采用非手术治疗；Bl、B3、C1型中的Colles骨折应采用闭合性复位经皮克氏针内固定；B2、Cl、C2型中的Simth骨折应采用切开复位钢板螺钉内固定；C3型骨折因干骺端粉碎应采用松质骨移植恢复桡骨的长度；伴有严重的骨质疏松的患者避免用内固定治疗。     

拉力螺钉有限内固定结合外固定治疗胫腓骨骨折

2000年10月-2006年8月,我院收治胫腓骨骨折患者115例,其中45例采用有限内固定结合外固定治疗,取得满意疗效,报道如下。     

Management of hip fractures in the elderly

A fracture of the proximal femur (or hip fracture) is a devastating injury to an elderly patient. Nearly all patients require surgery as part of their treatment but their care necessitates complex multidisciplinary involvement. In the last few years there have been a number of initiatives to help improve care for this challenging patient group, as well as establishment of National Hip Fracture Databases, to allow us to audit the care provided. With this focus we have seen both mortality and length of stay decrease. The aim of this article is to summarize the current recommendations for patients who suffer a hip fracture.     

Research Update on Stress Riser Fractures

Stress fractures are fatigue-induced fractures which are caused by repetitive force, often from overuse. They are well-established and frequently encountered in the field of orthopedics. Stress fractures occur in the bone because of low-bone strength and high chronic mechanical stress placed on the bone. Stress riser fractures are also stress fractures that occur because of the presence of cortical defects (holes), changes in stiffness, sharp corners, and cracks (fracture lines). Periprosthetic or peri-implant fractures are good examples of stress riser fractures that occur in regions where stress forces are higher than those in the surrounding material. Most stress riser fractures are related to technical errors (iatrogenic causes) and are difficult to manage. It is possible and more effective to prevent the creation of stress riser fractures through better surgical techniques. The proper terminology for stress fractures, stress riser fractures, periprosthetic fractures, peri-implant fractures, interprosthetic fractures, and interimplant fractures is discussed. This review of the current state of knowledge, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of stress riser fractures is based on clinical evidence and recent literature.     

Management of hip fractures in the elderly

A fracture of the proximal femur (or hip fracture) is a devastating injury to an elderly patient. Nearly all patients require surgery as part of their treatment but their care necessitates complex multidisciplinary involvement. In the last ten years there have been a number of initiatives to help improve care for this challenging patient group, as well as establishment of The National Hip Fracture Database, to allow us to audit the care provided. With this focus, we have seen both mortality and length of stay decrease. The aim of this article is to summarize the current recommendations for patients who suffer a hip fracture.     

Decision-making in burst fractures of the thoracolumbar and lumbar spine

The most common site of injury to the spine is the thoracolumbar junction which is the mechanical transition junction between the rigid thoracic and the more flexible lumbar spine. The lumbar spine is another site which is more prone to injury. Absence of stabilizing articulations with the ribs, lordotic posture and more sagitally oriented facet joints are the most obvious explanations. Burst fractures of the spine account for 14% of all spinal injuries. Though common, thoracolumbar and lumbar burst fractures present a number of important treatment challenges. There has been substantial controversy related to the indications for nonoperative or operative management of these fractures. Disagreement also exists regarding the choice of the surgical approach. A large number of thoracolumbar and lumbar fractures can be treated conservatively while some fractures require surgery. Selecting an appropriate surgical option requires an in-depth understanding of the different methods of decompression, stabilization and/or fusion. Anterior surgery has the advantage of the greatest degree of canal decompression and offers the benefit of limiting the number of motion segments fused. These advantages come at the added cost of increased time for the surgery and the related morbidity of the surgical approach. Posterior surgery enjoys the advantage of being more familiar to the operating surgeons and can be an effective approach. However, the limitations of this approach include inadequate decompression, recurrence of the deformity and implant failure. Though many of the principles are the same, the treatment of low lumbar burst fractures requires some additional consideration due to the difficulty of approaching this region anteriorly. Avoiding complications of these surgeries are another important aspect and can be achieved by following an algorithmic approach to patient assessment, proper radiological examination and precision in decision-making regarding management. A detailed understanding of the mechanism of injury and their unique biomechanical propensities following various forms of treatment can help the spinal surgeon manage such patients effectively and prevent devastating complications.     

Fracture of the talus

Summary A total of 218 talar injuries were studied with particular attention to the nature and extent of associated injuries. In 96 patients (44%) there was a fracture of one of the neighbouring bones, viz. 59 fractures of the ankle, 27 of the calcaneum, and 11 of the navicular. Talar injury, ankle fracture, and calcaneal fracture co-existed in 7 patients. Among the cases complicated by ankle fractures 15 were open (25%) and many affected the trochlea (37%). Thirty-six (61%) of the ankle fractures associated with talar injuries were of the supination type, 8 of the pronation type, 5 of the pronation-external rotation type, and 2 of the supination-external rotation type. Of the talar injuries occurring in a supinated foot about half were shearing fractures of the talar neck. Of the 27 calcaneal fractures 11 were compression fractures with depression of the joint surface, whereas the others were non-displaced shearing fractures or avulsion fractures. It is concluded that as a rule the talar injury is not isolated, but associated with a more extensive regional injury and that a supination force is the decisive factor causing a talar injury.

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Résumé Les auteurs ont étudié 218 traumatismes de l'astragale en tenant particulièrement compte de la nature et de l'étendue des lésions associées. Chez 96 blessés (44%), il existait une fracture d'un os voisin, à savoir: 59 fractures du cou-de-pied, 27 du calcanéum et 11 du scaphoïde tarsien. Sept fois, la lésion astragalienne était associée à une fracture du cou-de-pied et du calcanéum. Parmi les cas compliqués de fractures bimalléolaires, 15 étaient ouverts (25%) et plusieurs (37%) siégeaient au niveau de la poulie astragalienne.Trente-six (61%) des lésions associées du cou-de-pied étaient des fractures par supination, 5 étaient des fractures par pronation et 2 par supination-rotation externe. La moitié environ des traumatismes astragaliens survenus sur un pied en supination étaient des fractures par cisaillement du col de l'astragale. Parmi les 27 fractures du calcanéum, 11 étaient des fractures par compression, avec enfoncement thalamique, tandis que les autres étaient des fractures sans déplacement, par cisaillement, ou des fractures par avulsion.Les auteurs concluent qu'en règle un traumatisme de l'astragale n'est pas isolé mais associé à des lésions régionales plus étendues et qu'une force s'exerçant en supination constitue le facteur déterminant des lésions traumatiques de l'astragale.

     

股骨近端骨折后对侧再次骨折

目的　阐述老年性股骨颈和股骨粗隆间骨折后再次对侧股骨近端骨折的发生率、相关因素和临床特征 ,提高对二次骨折的认识和防范。方法　对 1997年 1月～ 2 0 0 1年 10月手术治疗的 4 76例股骨颈骨折和股骨粗隆间骨折病例作回顾性分析 ,针对股骨近端骨折的骨折类型、再次对侧骨折的发生率、骨折时的年龄和性别分布、第一次骨折后再次发生对侧骨折的间隔时间、骨折时的合并症等内容进行研究和比较。结果　 4 76例股骨近端骨折中 ,2 6例为第二次发生的对侧骨折 ,老年性股骨颈和股骨粗隆间骨折后再次对侧股骨近端骨折的发生率为 5 5 % (2 6 / 4 76 )。股骨颈骨折后发生对侧的股骨近端骨折 ,6 8 8% (11/ 16 )的病例仍为股骨颈骨折 ;股骨粗隆间骨折后发生对侧的股骨近端骨折 ,90 0 % (9/ 10 )的病例仍然是股骨粗隆间骨折 ,第二次骨折类型往往同第一次相同。第二次骨折和第一次骨折的时间间隔平均为 2 7年 ,第 2～ 3年发生的占 4 2 3%。单侧和双侧骨折群的年龄和性别无明显差异。白内障、老年性痴呆、Parkinson病、脑血管障碍、脊髓灰质炎后遗症和慢性类风湿性关节炎等合并症的持有率双侧群明显高于单侧群。影响行走功能的合并疾病 ,是再次对侧股骨近端骨折的一个重要易患因素。结论　老年性股骨近端骨折后     

严重Pilon骨折的手术治疗

目的探讨严重Pilon骨折的不同手术方法、手术时机及治疗效果。方法对1999年5月至2006年6月间46例严重Pilon骨折分别采用有限内固定、有限内固定结合外支架固定及三叶草钢板内固定等方法进行手术治疗。按AO分类方式，所有患者均为C型，C1型10例，C2型22例，C3型14例。开放性骨折11例。闭合性骨折35例。结果所有患者术后均获得8～48个月的随访，平均20个月。踝关节功能按Mazur评价，优21例，良12例，可8例，差5例。主要并发症包括2例皮肤坏死，2例皮肤软组织感染，1例骨感染。5例钉道感染。结论 严重Pilon骨折根据不同的骨折类型、软组织损伤程度及医疗条件选择不同的手术方式和手术时机，均可取得良好的治疗效果。     

Unusual combined scaphoid and lunate fracture of the wrist: a case report

All perilunate fracture-dislocations combine ligament ruptures, bone avulsions, and fractures in a variety of clinical forms. The most frequent is the dorsal trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation. In rare cases, however, these dislocations also have been associated with capitate fractures, triquetral fractures, or lunate fracture. We report a combined scaphoid and lunate fracture of the wrist that was not associated with perilunate dislocation.