鼻咽癌放疗配合中药防治放射性口腔黏膜炎临床分析

目的观察中药复方对鼻咽癌同步放射治疗副作用的临床疗效。方法中药组用自制中药复方煎剂含服,对照组用呋喃西林液含漱。结果口咽黏膜反应出现时间、严重程度及疼痛情况,中药组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论鼻咽癌患者在接受放疗的同时,同步中药煎剂含服,其口咽黏膜反应明显减轻,使放射治疗顺利进行,并改善了患者的生活质量。     

催眠方煎剂的镇静催眠作用研究

目的:研究中药复方催眠方的镇静、催眠作用。方法:实验分为空白对照(等容生理盐水)、地西泮(0.002g/kg)与催眠方煎剂高、中、低剂量(4、2、1g/kg)组。通过小鼠自主活动实验观察其对小鼠活动的影响,通过阈上和阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠的睡眠实验观察其对小鼠入睡潜伏期和睡眠时间的协同影响作用。结果:与空白对照组比较,催眠方煎剂高、中、低剂量组小鼠自主活动次数显著减少;睡眠潜伏时间显著缩短,睡眠时间显著延长(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:催眠方煎剂具有一定的镇静、催眠作用。     

虎杖对小鼠CCl4性肝损伤的保护作用

观察虎杖煎剂对肝损伤的保护作用,采用以CCl4(四氯化碳)致小鼠肝损伤为模型,观察虎杖煎剂对小鼠肝脏损伤血清及肝脏有关指标的变化,结果表明虎杖煎剂能明显的降低CCl4诱导的肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST值升高,增强肝细胞SOD活力,降低MDA含量,说明虎杖煎剂对CCl4致肝损伤具有一定保护作用。     

开郁健脾法对脾虚大鼠血清胃泌素、尿D-木糖影响的实验研究

目的观察具有开郁健脾功效中药复方对脾虚大鼠体质量、血清胃泌素、尿D-木糖排泄率的影响。方法以破气苦降加饥饱失常的方法建立脾虚证大鼠模型,随机分组,实验组中药复方煎剂灌胃,以ELISA法测定大鼠血清胃泌素,间苯三酚法测定D-木糖排泄率。结果 (1)与模型组比较,中药复方低、中、高剂量组体质量明显增长(P0.01)。(2)与模型组比较,中药复方低、高剂量组、中剂量组尿D-木糖排泄率显著增高(P0.05、P0.01)。结论开郁健脾中药复方有促进胃肠吸收的作用。     

复方蚂蚁酒对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的探讨复方蚂蚁酒对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法观察复方蚂蚁酒对老年小鼠的免疫器官重量及外周血白细胞数和正常小鼠的碳粒廓清作用及迟发型超敏反应的影响。结果复方蚂蚁酒能使老年小鼠已退化的胸腺重量和白细胞数明显增加,使正常小鼠的碳粒廓清吞噬指数和吞噬系数显著提高,对二硝基氟苯诱导的小鼠迟发型超敏反应有明显抑制作用。结论方蚂蚁酒对免疫机能低下和正常小鼠的免疫功能有增强作用,对T细胞介导的迟发型超敏反应有抑制作用。     

菝葜对小鼠血糖和肝糖元的影响

目的:研究菝葜对小鼠血糖和肝糖元的影响.方法:分别以中药菝葜煎剂10和20g/kg、优降糖(20mg/kg)、降糖灵(40mg/kg)和等容积生理盐水(20ml/kg)灌胃,测定各组正常小鼠的血糖水平及以四氧嘧啶(70mg/kg)、肾上腺素(0.2mg/kg)和葡萄糖(2g/kg)所致小鼠高血糖模型的血糖水平,测定小鼠肝糖元含量.结果:小鼠灌胃菝葜煎剂连续3d或6d,能显著对抗肾上腺素和葡萄糖引起的小鼠血糖升高,降低四氧嘧啶尿病小鼠的血糖浓度,明显增加肝糖元含量,但对正常小鼠的血糖值无明显影响.结论:菝葜对实验性糖尿病小鼠的血糖有明显的抑制作用.     

野玫瑰根煎剂对成年与老龄小鼠免疫功能影响的比较

本文应用野玫瑰根煎剂对成年与老龄小鼠的免疫功能的影响进行了实验比较研究。结果表明:①野玫瑰根煎剂对成年与老龄小鼠的血清溶菌酶、脾脏抗体形成细胞 OD 值与血清特异性抗体效应有明显地增强作用;②促进腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能;③增加 EaRFC 与ANAE 的阳性百分率。经比较证明野玫瑰根煎剂对老龄小鼠免疫功能增强的更为明显。提示野玫瑰根煎剂可作为一种有效的免疫增强剂。     

中药仙鹤复方提取物急性毒性试验及对小鼠移植性肿瘤H22的抗肿瘤作用研究

目的 研究中药仙鹤复方乙醇提取物的急性毒性,以及中药仙鹤复方乙醇提取物和水提取多糖对小鼠移植性肿瘤H22的抑瘤作用,进而对中药仙鹤复方进行抗肿瘤活性研究.方法 测定中药仙鹤复方乙醇提取物的LD50,建立荷实体型肝癌H22小鼠模型,观察中药仙鹤复方乙醇提取物和水提取多糖的抑瘤作用.结果 中药仙鹤复方乙醇提取物的LD50为26.95g·kg-1,95%可信区间为21.99～33.01g·kg-1;中药仙鹤复方乙醇提取物9.25g·kg-1·d-1剂量组与中药仙鹤复方水提取多糖8.05g·kg-1·d-1剂量组时小鼠移植性肿瘤H22均有明显的抑制作用,其抑瘤率分别为49.2%(P＜0.01)和33.7%(P＜0.01).结论 中药鹤复方乙醇提取物和水提取多糖对小鼠移植性肿瘤H22有抑制作用.     

野玫瑰根煎剂对小鼠免疫功能增强与抗炎作用的实验研究

本文研究了野玫瑰根煎剂对正常小鼠与地塞米松免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能的影响和抗炎作用。结果表明,野玫瑰根煎剂明显地增强小鼠的巨噬细胞的吞噬功能、血清溶菌酶活性、抗绵羊红细胞抗体和抗体形成细胞等免疫功能,对急、慢性炎症有明显抑制作用。野玫瑰根煎剂能对抗小剂量地塞米松的免疫抑制作用,两者合用,抗炎症效果更好。     

狼疮方-2与强的松治疗BXSB小鼠的实验研究

目的研究中药复方狼疮方二号(LCF-2)与强的松对BXSB狼疮鼠体重、死亡率及脾脏T淋巴细胞亚群的影响,探讨中、西药对狼疮小鼠的作用机制。方法将BXSB狼疮鼠随机分成4组:空白对照组、中药组、西药组、中西药合用组。采用动态观察方法测定小鼠体重变化,死亡率;间接免疫荧光法测定小鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞亚群的阳性率;结果(1)LCF-2组及中西药合用组小鼠体重增长明显,与空白对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.05);(2)中药组死亡率为0,与空白对照组有明显差异(P<0.05),中西药组死亡率虽很低,但与空白对照组比较统计学无明显差异;(3)中药与中西药组对CD3 、CD4 、CD8 以及CD 4/CD 8T细胞均有显著的上调作用,而西药组对CD4 和CD4 /CD8 T细胞有明显的下调作用,对CD3 、CD8 T细胞作用不明显。结论中药复方LCF-2与强的松均对BXSB狼疮小鼠有明显的治疗作用,但二者对淋巴细胞的调节作用各有差异。     

肠道菌群失调对小鼠脾脏的影响

目的：观察小鼠肠道菌群失调对脾重、脾细胞数和脾抗体形成细胞数的影响，为研究肠道菌群失调对机体免疫功能的影响提供组织学依据。方法：采用口服卡那霉素造成小鼠肠道菌群失调的动物模型。测定小鼠肠道双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、肠杆菌和肠球菌的数量；测定小鼠脾脏重量和脾细胞数；通过溶血空斑试验测定小鼠脾抗体形成细胞数（PFC）。结果：实验组小鼠肠道内双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、肠杆菌和肠球菌的数量明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）；脾重量、脾细胞数和脾抗体形成细胞数均较对照组明显减少（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。结论：肠道菌群失调对小鼠脾脏的量与质均有明显的影响。     

Assessment of the immunotoxic potential of the fungicide dinocap in mice.

The immunotoxic potential of dinocap was evaluated in female C57BL/6J mice following in vivo and in vitro exposure to this fungicide. In in vivo studies, groups of mice were dosed by gavage with technical grade dinocap at dosages ranging from 12.5 to 50 mg/kg per day for 7 or 12 days and selected immune functions examined. Mice dosed at 50 mg/kg per day dinocap died after 4 days of dosing. Twelve days of dosing with dinocap at 25 mg/kg per day resulted in decreased thymus weights and cellularity, and increased spleen weights. No changes were observed in body weight, absolute differential peripheral leukocyte counts, the lymphoproliferative responses to B- or T-cell mitogens, the mixed lymphocyte reaction, or natural killer (NK) cell activity of spleen cells from mice exposed to dinocap. Lymphoproliferative responses to concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA), however, were reduced in thymocytes from mice dosed at 25 mg/kg per day dinocap. The cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to P815 mastocytoma cells was enhanced in mice exposed for 7 days to 25 mg/kg per day dinocap. Exposure of mice for 7 days to 25 mg/kg per day dinocap also caused a significant reduction in the IgM and IgG plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). A time-course study indicated that dinocap-induced suppression of the IgM PFC response was due to a delay in the peak PFC response to SRBC. In vitro studies using murine thymocytes cultured with dinocap (10 micrograms/ml for 72 h) resulted in suppression of the proliferative response to Con A and PHA. Exposure of thymocytes to dinocap in vitro for as little as 30 min resulted in suppression of the mitogen-stimulated response in the absence of any apparent direct cytotoxic effect. These results suggest that dinocap alters the immune system of the mouse, however, these effects are relatively modest in terms of adverse immune function and are only seen at relatively high exposure levels.     

褪黑素对光暗周期频繁颠错小鼠免疫功能的调节作用

目的研究光暗周期颠倒 (light darkshifting,LDS)对小鼠免疫功能的影响 ,以及褪黑素 (mela tonin,MT)对LDS小鼠的免疫调节作用。方法在建立LDS的动物模型上测定抗体形成细胞(PFC)溶血实验 ,血清溶血素水平 ,迟发超敏反应 ,白细胞数及淋巴细胞百分率及碳粒廓清指数。结果LDS使抗体形成细胞的溶血能力升高 ,血清溶血素水平上调 ,迟发免疫功能亢进 ,白细胞数和淋巴细胞百分率下降 ;MT使LDS小鼠降低的白细胞数及淋巴细胞百分率明显升高 ,下调血清溶血素及PFC水平、迟发超敏反应 ,使之趋于正常 ,对LDS小鼠碳粒廓清能力无显著性影响。结论MT使LDS所致免疫功能异常调节到正常水平。     

参苏冲剂对小鼠巨噬细胞功能和淋巴细胞转化率的影响

本实验观察了参苏冲剂对小鼠巨噬细胞功能和淋巴细胞转化率的影响,结果表明,参苏冲剂能提高小鼠的淋巴细胞转化率,并能显著促进巨噬细胞的功能。     

芪附汤对衰老小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的：研究芪附汤对衰老小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法：用不同剂量黄芪组方的芪附汤连续每日喂服18月龄小鼠35d后，测其免疫功能。结果：各剂量组芪附汤均可增强小鼠脾细胞对刀豆蛋白A（ConA)的增殖反应，原剂量和大剂量组芪附汤可增强小鼠脾细胞产生抗体的能力及腹腔巨噬细胞活性，结论：芪附汤能明显地提高衰老小鼠的免疫功能，具有延缓衰老的作用。     

Suppression of primary antibody response by a single exposure to cadmium in mice

Suppression of primary antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cadmium into mice was investigated by the methods of in vitro plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay. BALB/c mice were given 1.8 mg cadmium/kg body weight, and 1, 2 or 7 days later, spleen cells from exposed and control mice were cultured with SRBC. PFC responses of all exposed groups were significantly suppressed compared to those of control groups. Addition of control adherent cells to spleen cells from exposed mice failed to recover control level. In the cell-reconstitution experiments, the activity of B-cell function from the exposed group was suppressed more by cadmium than that of T-cell function. These results suggest that the suppression of primary PFC response by cadmium exposure may be caused by the inactivation of B-cells.     

基于体内药效学结合网络药理学的百合地黄汤抗老年痴呆的机制研究

目的 基于体内药效学结合网络药理学对百合地黄汤治疗老年痴呆的机制进行研究。方法 将清洁级ICR雄性小鼠按体重随机分为6组：正常组、模型组、咯利普兰组、百合地黄汤低、中、高剂量组。连续给药十四天,通过行为学试验来验证百合地黄汤对东莨菪碱诱导的AD模型小鼠行为学变化及药物的改善作用。最后通过呕吐试验来验证百合地黄汤产生呕吐不良反应的程度。通过中药成分数据库 TCMSP、GeneCards、OMIM、DRUGBANK 数据库分别收集百合、地黄化学成分、成分及疾病相关靶点,两者取交集后,运用 STRING 数据库分析靶点蛋白的相互作用,利用Metascape数据库进行生物功能和通路分析,相关结果采用 Cytoscape 3.8.0 进行构图和网络拓扑结构分析,并在此基础上进行机制研究。结果 动物试验结果显示AD小鼠与空白组有显著差异,说明造模成功;百合地黄汤可以逆转AD小鼠的行为学表现,作用与咯利普兰相当。在呕吐试验中,咯利普兰组麻醉苏醒时间显著延长,百合地黄汤组无明显影响,说明其没有呕吐的不良反应。网络药理学中共收集到9个活性成分,54个关键靶点,对接结果显示前10个核心靶点都表现为良好的对接结果。其中对接结果显示其作用与PRKACA、PTGS2密切相关,在此基础上进行了小鼠海马cAMP、PKA、p-CREB和BDNF检测,发现百合地黄汤能纠正东莨菪碱诱导的cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF通路下调,作用与阳性药相当,验证了网络药理学的结果。结论 本研究将百合地黄汤对东莨菪碱诱导的AD小鼠模型的抗老年痴呆药效学研究与网络药理学分析结合,预测药物可能通过影响cAMP,上调PTGS2基因的表达以及调控cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路来产生抗老年痴呆作用,为百合地黄汤的临床开发利用提供基础。     

Differences between rats and mice in the immunosuppressive activity of 2-methoxyethanol and 2-methoxyacetic acid.

Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that 2-methoxyethanol (ME) and its principal metabolite 2-methoxyacetic acid (MAA) are immunosuppressive in young adult male Fischer 344 rats. In the present study, the immunosuppressive potential of ME and MAA was evaluated in young adult female Fischer 344 rats and C57BL/6J mice. Rats and mice were dosed by gavage with either ME or MAA in water, at dosages ranging from 50-400 mg/kg/day, for 10 consecutive days. Rats and mice were examined for alterations in body, spleen and thymus weights and mitogen-induced proliferation of splenic lymphocytes in vitro; separate groups were employed for the antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS). Rats dosed at 100-400 mg/kg/day ME and rats dosed at 50-400 mg/kg/day MAA had decreased thymus weights in the absence of decreased body or spleen weights. Lymphoproliferative (LP) responses to concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Salmonella typhimurium mitogen (STM) were all reduced in rats treated with all dosages of ME. Rats treated with MAA displayed similar reductions in these LP responses except that the responses to PWM and STM in rats dosed at 50 mg/kg/day were not reduced. In contrast to the effects of ME and MAA on these end points in the rat, no thymic involution or suppression of LP responses were observed in mice dosed at 50-400 mg/kg/day. The PFC response to TNP-LPS was suppressed in rats dosed with either ME or MAA at dosages of 100-400 mg/kg/day. ME and MAA, however, failed to suppress the PFC response in mice immunized with TNP-LPS. These results indicate that unlike Fischer 344 rats, C57BL/6J mice are insensitive to the immunosuppressive effects of ME and MAA at the dosages employed in this study. Whether the different sensitivities of these two rodent species to ME- and MAA-induced immunosuppression are due to immunologic, pharmacokinetic or metabolic differences within each species remains to be determined.     

羊胎盘肽对小鼠非特异性免疫功能的影响

目的探讨羊胎盘肽对小鼠非特异性免疫功能的影响。方法采用60Coγ射线照射的方法建立免疫抑制小鼠动物模型,利用巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞和小鼠碳粒廓清实验,评价羊胎盘肽对免疫抑制状态小鼠非特异性免疫功能的影响。结果羊胎盘肽有促进巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞功能的作用(P<0.05),并能显著提高机体碳粒廓清的能力(P<0.01)。结论羊胎盘肽对小鼠具有一定非特异性免疫增强作用。