Livin、CD44v6、E-钙黏蛋白在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的 检测非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）癌组织和癌旁组织中Livin、CD44v6、E-钙黏蛋白（E-cad）的表达,探讨NSCLC组织Livin、CD44v6、E-cad表达的临床意义.方法 运用免疫组织化学染色法检测71例NSCLC组织、癌旁组织及20例良性肺组织标本中Livin、CD44v6、E-cad的表达情况,分析其与肺癌分期、分化、病理类型及淋巴结转移之间的关系及相关性.结果 （1）肺癌组织中Livin阳性表达率明显增高,与癌旁组织及良性肺组织比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,癌旁组织中Livin阳性表达率较良性肺组织中增高,但差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）; Livin在Ⅲ期肺癌中表达较Ⅰ、Ⅱ期明显增高,其表达与肺癌TNM分期呈正相关;淋巴结转移组Livin阳性率86.2%（25/29）,高于无淋巴结转移组23.8%（10/42）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.（2）CD44v6在肺癌组织中表达增高,与癌旁组织及良性肺组织比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）; CD44v6表达与临床病理分期（TNM）呈正相关（P＜0.01）.淋巴结转移组CD44v6阳性率96.6%（28/29）,高于无淋巴结转移组[33.3%（14/42）],两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;CD44v6的表达与肺癌的分化程度呈负相关（P＜0.05）.（3）E-cad在肺癌组织中表达降低,与癌旁组织及良性肺组织相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.E-cad的表达与临床病理分期、淋巴结转移、分化程度无关（均P ＞0.05）.（4）Livin与CD44v6在肺癌组织均有较高表达,Livin阳性表达组中CD44v6的表达强度较阴性组明显增高,Livin与CD44v6表达呈正相关（P＜0.01）.Livin与E-cad在肺癌组织中的表达无相关性.结论 Livin、CD44v6在NSCLC组织中高表达、E-cad在NSCLC组织中表达降低,Livin、CD44v6与NSCLC临床病理分期、淋巴结转移的相关,提示三者在NSCLC的发病过程中可能起重要作用.CD44v6 与Livin在肺癌组织中的表达呈正相关,推测两者可能共同参与了NSCLC的疾病过程,其确切机制有待于进一步研究.     

CD105和TGF-β1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨CD105和TGF-β1在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中的表达及临床意义。方法运用免疫组织化学SP法检测CD105和TGF-β1在50例NSCLC和15例非肿瘤性肺组织中的表达,分析它们与NSCLC临床病理特征的关系。结果肿瘤组织中,CD105标记的微血管密度（MVD）明显高于非肿瘤性肺组织（P〈0.01）,NSCLC分化越低,CD105标记的MVD值越高,且Ⅲ、Ⅳ期MVD值显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期（P〈0.01）,淋巴结转移组的MVD值显著高于无淋巴结转移组（P〈0.01）。TGF-β1在NSCLC和非肿瘤组织中的阳性表达率分别为92%和42%,两者间的差异具有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）。TGF-β1表达强度与NSCLC的临床分期及淋巴结有无转移密切相关（P〈0.01）,同时与肿瘤中MVD值呈正相关关系（r=0.444,P〈0.01）。结论CD105和TGF-β1在NSCLC生长、浸润和转移过程中发挥了一定的作用。     

NSCLC中COX-2和CD44v6的表达与淋巴结转移关系

目的：探讨环氧化酶-2（COX-2）和粘附分子CD44变异型-6（CD44v6）在NSCLC中的表达及与淋巴结转移的关系。方法：应用免疫组化技术检测69例NSCLC中COX-2、CD44v6的表达。结果：（1） NSCLC中COX-2、CD44v6的阳性表达率分别为69.57%、72.46%,均显著高于正常肺组织（P〈0.01）;（2）69例 NSCLC 中淋巴结转移33例,33例淋巴结转移组中 COX-2、CD44v6的阳性表达率分别为81.82%和84.85%,显著高于36例无淋巴结转移组（P〈0.05）;（3）NSCLC 淋巴结转移组中 COX-2表达和CD44v6表达密切相关（P〈0.05）。结论：COX-2和 CD44v6在 NSCLC 淋巴结转移过程中起重要作用,检测COX-2和CD44v6的表达可作为临床预测淋巴结转移和估计预后的重要指标。     

CD44v3、CD44v6在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其与淋巴结转移的关系

目的　研究CD44v3、CD44v6在肺癌中的表达及其与肺癌淋巴结转移的关系。方法　采用免疫组化、流式细胞术测定5 2例非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)和 1 2例正常肺组织的CD44v3、CD44v6的表达水平 ,并分析其与肺癌淋巴结转移之间的关系。结果　肺癌组织CD44v3、CD44v6水平明显高于正常肺组织 (P <0 .0 5 )。CD44v3、CD44v6在淋巴结转移组中的阳性表达率显著高于无淋巴结转移组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　CD44v3、CD44v6在非小细胞肺癌中有不同程度的表达 ,CD44v6与肺癌淋巴结转移的关系更密切 ,表达CD44v6的肺癌更易向周围淋巴结转移。检测CD44v6在肺癌中的表达 ,可能作为判断肺癌淋巴结转移潜能的一个辅助指标。     

PTEN、E-cad和CD44v6蛋白表达与食管鳞癌浸润转移的关系

目的 探讨PTEN、E-cad和CD44v6蛋白表达与食管鳞癌浸润转移的关系.方法 采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测41例食管鳞癌组织中PTEN、E-cad和CD44v6的蛋白表达;分析三者与食管鳞癌浸润转移的相关性.结果 随着食管鳞癌的分化程度及细胞浸润深度的增加,PTEN和E-cad蛋白的阳性表达率均明显降低(P＜0.05),而CD44v6蛋白的阳性表达率随着病变的升级而增高(P＜0.05).PTEN蛋白和E-cad蛋白在有淋巴结转移的癌组织中阳性表达率明显低于无淋巴结转移的(P＜0.05),而CD44v6蛋白在有淋巴结转移的癌组织中阳性表达率明显高于无淋巴结转移的(P＜o.05).结论 PTEN、E-cad和CD44v6蛋白的异常表达与食管鳞癌的浸润及转移密切相关,在食管鳞癌的发生、发展过程中可能起重要作用.     

浸润性乳腺癌组织中E-cadherin和CD44v6表达及DNA倍体分析

目的:探讨浸润性乳腺癌组织中E-cadherin(E-cad)和CD44v6的表达及DNA倍体,并分析其临床病理学意义.方法:应用免疫组化SP法、组织化学Feulgen染色及图像分析技术检测103例浸润性乳腺癌组织中E-cad和CD44v6蛋白的表达及DNA倍体.结果:浸润性乳腺癌E-cad阳性表达率为35.0%(36/103),E-cad表达与组织学分级、组织浸润程度、腋窝淋巴结转移、复发、远处转移密切相关(P＜0.05).CD44v6阳性表达率为76.7%(78/103),其表达与组织学分级、组织浸润程度、肿瘤大小、腋窝淋巴结转移、复发、远处转移密切相关(P＜0.05).E-cad阴性和CD44v6阳性表达的浸润性乳腺癌多为异倍体癌;E-cad阳性和CD44v6阴性表达的多为2倍体癌(P＜0.05).结论:E-cad的低表达与CD44v6的高表达可能参与乳腺癌的侵袭与转移;DNA异倍体可作为对乳腺癌预后的判断指标之一.     

CD44v6、C-erbB-2在肺癌中的表达及预后意义

目的研究CD44v6、C-erbB-2基因在肺癌中的表达及临床意义.方法采用免疫组化S-P法,检测CD44v6、C-erbB-2基因蛋白在116例肺癌中的表达.结果在SCLC中,CD44v6、C-erbB-2均不表达.在NSCLC中,CD44v6在鳞癌中的阳性表达率为66.7%,腺癌为36.1%(P＜0.01).C-erbB-2在鳞癌中的阳性表达率为47.8%,腺癌为66.7%(P＞0.05).癌旁正常肺组织均未见CD44v6、C-erbB-2的表达.CD44v6表达与NSCLC的肿瘤T分期、淋巴结转移、临床分期及生存率有关(P＜0.05),而与病理分级无关(P＞0.05).C-erbB-2表达与NSCLC淋巴结转移、临床分期及生存率有关(P＜0.05),而与肿瘤病理分级及肿瘤T分期无关(P＞0.05).NSCLC中CD44v6与C-erbB-2表达无相关性(P＞0.05).结论CD44v6、C-erbB-2不仅可作为鉴别SCLC与NSCLC的参考指标,而且CD44v6、C-erbB-2阳性表达的患者易发生淋巴结转移、病期较晚、预后差,故二者还可作为判断NSCLC预后的较可靠的指标.     

喉和下咽鳞癌中CD44v6的表达及意义

目的：应用免疫组化技术检测与肿瘤转移相关的细胞因子CD44v6的表达,分析CD44v6表达与喉和下咽鳞癌侵袭、转移等生物学行为的相关性。方法：采用免疫组化方法检测75例原发癌组织、29例癌旁正常黏膜组织、20例淋巴结转移癌组织中黏附分子CD44v6的表达。结果：CD44v6在原发癌中的阳性表达率为58．67％（44／75）,癌旁正常组织的阳性表达率为34．48％（10／29）,差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）;淋巴结转移癌中CD44v6的阳性表达率明显高于癌旁正常组织（P〈0．001）和原发癌（P〈0．01）;有淋巴结转移组的CD44v6表达率明显高于无淋巴结转移组（P〈0．01）．高分化组的CD44v6表达率明显低于中分化组（P〈0．05）。结论：CD44v6在喉癌和下咽癌组织中高表达,其表达率与喉癌和下咽癌的分化程度和淋巴结转移有关,可作为临床预测喉癌和下咽癌颈淋巴结转移趋势和估计预后的主要参考指标之一。     

HGF和TGF-β1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨HGF和TGF-β1在非小细胞肺癌（ NSCLC）中的表达及临床意义。方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测73例非小细胞肺癌患者癌组织中及30例癌旁正常肺组织中HGF及TGF-β1的表达;分析HGF及TGF-β1表达情况及与临床病理参数之间的关系。结果73例肺癌组织中HGF的阳性表达率为67．1％,在30例癌旁正常组织的阳性表达率为16．7％,两者差异有显著性意义（ P＜0．05）;HGF的表达与肺癌淋巴结转移密切相关（P＜0．05）,而与病理组织类型及肿瘤的分化程度无显著相关（P均＞0．05）。73例肺癌组织中TGF-β1的阳性表达率为49．3％,在30例癌旁正常肺组织的阳性表达率为16．7％,两者比较差异也有显著性意义（ P＜0．05）;TGF-β1的表达与肿瘤的分化程度、淋巴结转移密切相关（P均＜0．05）,而与病理组织类型无显著相关（P＞0．05）。经Spearman相关分析, HGF与TGF-β1在NSCLC组织中的表达呈显著正相关（r＝0．340,P＜0．05）。结论在NSCLC中存在HGF与TGF-β1的高表达,两者的高表达可能促进了肿瘤的恶性增殖及淋巴结转移;联合检测HGF及TGF-β1对判断NSCLC恶性程度、转移潜能及预后有重要临床意义。     

TGF-β在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨转化生长因子β（TGF—β）在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及意义。方法：应用免疫组化法检测了41例非小细胞肺癌标本中TGF-β的表达。结果：TGF—β阳性表达率为65．85％。NSCLC肿瘤组织中TGF—β表达与癌旁组织及正常肺组织中比较有显著意义（P〈0．01）。TGF—β的阳性表达与病变分期有关,在NSCLC的Ⅰ期与Ⅱ与及Ⅰ期与Ⅲ之间有显著差异（P〈0．01）,TGF—β表达与和淋巴结转移有关（P〈0．05）,但与组织分型无关。结论：TGF-β在NSCLC中高表达,其表达与肺癌恶性生杉学行为关系明显,是评估患者预后的指标之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.