髂嵴高度与下腰椎退行性疾病相关性的探讨

目的探讨髂嵴高度与下腰椎退行性疾病的关系;为下腰椎退行性疾病的病因学研究提供依据。方法选取下腰椎疾病患者40例为观察组,健康志愿者40例为对照组,观察组平均年龄大于对照组,P〈0.05。两组均行腰椎X线平片（标准正侧位）检查测量髂嵴的绝对高度及相对高度（以L4椎体高度作为参照）;分析髂嵴高度与下腰椎退行性疾病的关系。结果两组髂嵴绝对高度及相对高度均无统计学差异;未发现髂嵴高度与下腰椎退行性疾病的发生有关。结论本研究未能证实髂嵴高度与下腰椎退行性疾病的发生有关。     

老年退行性腰椎滑脱症的外科治疗

目的 探讨老年人退行性腰椎滑脱合并椎管狭窄症的外科治疗方法及远期疗效。方法 对近5年来23例老年退行性腰椎滑脱并发椎管狭窄者分别进行了椎板减压、部分病人附加了内固定或椎体间植骨融合术,评估了手术疗效和恢复活动后继续滑脱的可恿生。结果 随访8个月－4年（平均1年3个月）。术前腿痛麻17例均获消失或明显缓解。术前双下肢无力不能站立行走者6例,术后2－3个月均能行走,生活自理,其中5例尿便功能障碍者也恢复括约肌功能。术后X线平片证实,继续滑脱者仅2例,滑脱度增加不足5％。结论 老年人因合并骨质疏松症、心脑等疾病,手术不宜过大,不宜附加内固定和另外取骨植骨融合,因而增加手术时间和术后卧床时间。有限地扩大椎板减压和间盘切除对缓解神经受压及马尾神经损伤有明显疗效。     

老年腰椎退行性疾病的手术治疗体会

腰椎退行性疾病为包括腰椎间盘、骨质、小关节、椎周韧带及软组织等相互影响、综合退变的结果.临床多以腰腿痛为主要表现,而在影像学(脊髓造影、CT、MRI)则显示为腰椎管狭窄[1]、腰椎失稳、腰椎滑脱等不同表现[2,3],且常伴有腰椎间盘突出.目前临床上对该种疾病的主要治疗方式为腰椎后路减压、椎弓根钉内固定,同时辅以植骨融合术,可稳定脊柱,有效地缓解症状.本文对52例病人的资料进行了回顾性分析.     

腰椎滑脱的CT诊断

腰椎椎弓崩裂并椎体滑脱是腰腿疼常见原因之一，CT在其诊断中起重要作用。本文总结22例病人的CT资料，旨在提高对腰椎滑脱的CT征象的认识。     

腰椎滑脱症的手术治疗

脊柱滑脱的病例中,腰椎滑脱最为常见。成年人腰椎滑脱的发病率约为3%～4%,男女间的比例为2∶1,女性严重滑脱多见。6岁以下儿童很少发生此病,20岁左右的青年人易发生腰椎滑脱。腰椎滑脱的主要临床症状是腰背痛,退行性变时多伴有明显的腰痛或坐骨神经痛。1定义腰椎滑脱症是比利时医师Herbinlaux于1782年最先描述的L5椎体在骶骨上向前滑移的病例,1854年H.F.Kilian把两     

单侧椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗腰椎退行性疾病的研究进展

单侧椎弓根螺钉内固定是治疗腰椎退行性疾病的重要手段之一,其在解决腰椎术后的即刻稳定性方面起着重要作用,为椎间融合术提供足够刚性内固定。该文对单侧椎弓根螺钉内固定的研究现状、优势、局限性与未来的研究方向进行综述。     

斜外侧腰椎椎间融合术联合前路内固定治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症的疗效分析

目的 分析斜外侧腰椎椎间融合术(OLIF)联合前路内固定治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症(DLS)的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年8月在四川大学华西医院行OLIF联合前路内固定治疗的76例腰4-5节段DLS患者的临床资料。记录手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、术后并发症情况等。比较术前、术后3个月、术后12个月随访时的腰腿痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分。于术前、术后1 d、术后3个月、术后12个月随访时在X线片上测量腰椎前凸角(LL)、手术节段前凸角(SL),在CT矢状面重建图像测量椎间隙高度(DH)、滑脱距离(SD)、融合器沉降距离,计算滑脱改善率,评估融合情况及融合率。结果 手术时间为(99.2±13.1)min,术中出血量为(37.8±7.1)ml。所有患者随访1年以上。术后3个月、12个月腰痛VAS评分、腿痛VAS评分、ODI评分均较术前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1 d、3个月、12个月的LL、SL、DH、SD较术前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后3个月、12个月时DH较术后1 d减...     

重度骨质疏松性腰椎滑脱术后感染一例

正1病例介绍患者,女,65岁,因"反复腰痛3年余,加重伴左下肢麻痛1年"就诊于外院,外院术前腰椎X线片示L5椎体Ⅲ°滑脱伴双侧椎弓峡部裂,腰椎MRI示L5/S1椎管狭窄(图1),骨密度全身T值-5.0。外院予行"L4/5、L5/S1椎板切除、椎管减压、L5/S1椎间盘切除、椎间横突间植骨融合、后路L4-S1骨水泥强化椎弓根钉棒内固定术",术后腰痛及左下肢症     

腰椎滑脱

腰椎滑脱的常见病因是椎弓不连或称峡部裂。在Colonnade临床随访中发现,约1．25％腰背痛患者是腰椎滑脱引起的,而X线平片证实为腰椎滑脱者,仅约50％出现症状,且大多数可经保守治疗缓解,最终只有10%患者需手术治疗。手术指征为;①持续性腰背部疼痛,经保守治疗不缓解;②伴发持续神经根压迫症状或椎管狭窄症状;③严重腰椎滑脱;④X线片证实滑脱进展。手术的主要目的是缓解疼痛,稳定脊柱。     

微创通道下置钉椎间融合治疗老年单节段腰椎退行性疾病效果

目的 分析微创通道置钉椎间孔入路椎间融合术(MIS-TLIF)治疗老年单节段腰椎退行性疾病(DDD)的效果。方法 单节段腰椎退行性疾病手术治疗临床病例60例,按入院次序依次将病例编号分为实验组(30例,序列号为奇数)、对照组(30例,序列号为偶数),实验组采用MIS-TLIF治疗,对照组采用传统开放手术治疗。记录患者术中各项指标(术中出血量、手术时间、术区引流量)、住院时间等;术后定期、规律复查影像学检查,随访过程中统计患者腰椎手术节段融合时间,术后12个月统计两组腰椎手术节段融合率;术后6个月使用日本骨科协会评估治疗(JOA)分数评估患者腰椎术后功能改善效果;术后第3、10、30天采用视觉模拟评分表(VAS)评定疼痛程度;统计并比较患者术中、围术期、术后随访6个月不良事件发生情况。结果 实验组术中出血量、术区引流量小于对照组,手术时间、住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);与术后第3天比较,术后第10、30天两组术区VAS评分均逐渐下降,术后第3、10、30天,实验组术区VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后6个月,实验组JOA评分...     

有限复位内固定椎间融合术治疗稳定的退变性腰椎滑脱症临床疗效的回顾性分析

探讨有限复位内固定椎间融合术治疗稳定的退变性腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法回顾分析朝阳医院骨科自2008年5月至2011年8月收治的L4～L5稳定的退行性腰椎滑脱症疾病患者17例,行后路椎管减压、椎间融合手术。所有患者均为L4椎体滑移,腰椎过伸过屈位X线测量无明显腰椎失稳表现,比较术前、术后腰疼或者下肢腿痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）,患者满意度问卷调查。所有患者在术后6～12个月随访,94％患者达到脊柱骨性融合。结果随访结果中无断钉断棒现象发生,椎间融合率94％。术前术后腰痛、下肢痛VAS差异有统计学意义（P〈O．01）。结论有限复位内固定椎间融合术治疗稳定的退变性腰椎滑脱症的短期临床随访效果满意。     

The necessity or not of the addition of fusion to decompression for lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis patients: A PRISMA compliant meta-analysis

Background:The new emerging application of decompression combined with fusion comes with a concern of cost performance, however, it is a lack of big data support. We aimed to evaluate the necessity or not of the addition of fusion for decompression in patients with lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis.Methods:Potential studies were selected from PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, and gray relevant studies were manually searched. We set the searching time spanning from the creating date of electronic engines to August 2020. STATA version 11.0 was exerted to process the pooled data.Results:Six RCTs were included in this study. A total of 650 patients were divided into 275 in the decompression group and 375 in the fusion group. No statistic differences were found in the visual analog scales (VAS) score for low back pain (weighted mean difference [WMD], –0.045; 95% confidence interval [CI], –1.259–1.169; P = .942) and leg pain (WMD, 0.075; 95% CI, –1.201–1.35; P = .908), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score (WMD, 1.489; 95% CI, –7.232–10.211; P = .738), European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) score (WMD, 0.03; 95% CI, –0.05–0.12; P = .43), Odom classification (OR, 0.353; 95% CI 0.113–1.099; P = .072), postoperative complications (OR, 0.437; 95% CI, 0.065–2.949; P = .395), secondary operation (OR, 2.541; 95% CI 0.897–7.198; P = .079), and postoperative degenerative spondylolisthesis (OR = 8.59, P = .27). Subgroup analysis of VAS score on low back pain (OR = 0.77, 95% CI, 0.36–1.65; P = .50) was demonstrated as no significant difference as well.Conclusion:The overall efficacy of the decompression combined with fusion is not revealed to be superior to decompression alone. At the same time, more evidence-based performance is needed to supplement this opinion.     

MIS-TLIF or CLIF for single segmental lumbar degenerative disease

We aimed to compare the effect of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) and Crenel lateral interbody fusion (CLIF) on single segmental lumbar degenerative disease. Patients with single segmental lumbar degenerative disease undergoing MIS-TLIF (n = 28) and CLIF (n = 28) were enrolled from April to October 2017. Preoperative medical history, anthropometric data, and clinical data were recorded. Visual analogue scores and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were assessed. Radiography was performed before and after surgery. X-ray films were evaluated according to the Bridwell method, visual analogue scores and ODI scores were evaluated. There were no significant differences in the gender, age, clinical diagnosis, involved segment or preoperative ODI score between 2 groups (P > .05). During 12-month follow-up, MIS-TLIF group had less intraoperative blood loss, drainage, postoperative bedridden time, and hospital stay (P < .05), but more operation time and radiation exposure time compared with CLIF group (P < .05). CLIF group reported less pain than MIS-TLIF group (P > .05). Both groups had similar lumbar fusion rate (P > .05). Overall, CLIF has less complications, less trauma and faster recovery for the treatment of single segmental lumbar degenerate disease when compared with MIS-TLIF. Evaluation of more patients and long-term follow-up are still needed to further validate our findings.     

腰椎后路椎间融合与后外侧融合治疗腰椎退行性疾病疗效比较的meta分析

目的 系统评价后外侧融合与后路椎体间融合两种融合方式治疗腰椎退行性疾病的疗效。方法按Cochrane系统评价方法,计算机检索Cochrane图书馆（2012年第1期）、Medline（1966~2012.3）、EMBASE（1988~2012．3）、中国生物医学文摘数据库（1986~2012.4）,并手工检索相关杂志收集后外侧融合与后路椎体间融合治疗腰椎退行性疾病疗效对比的随机对照试验。评价纳入研究的方法学质量,采用RevMan5软件进行Meta分析。结果纳入4篇随机对照试验,共329例腰椎退行性疾病患者。Meta分析结果显示,后路椎间融合组术中及术后24h总出血量明显少于后外侧融合组【加权均数差值（WMD）320．03,95％CI241．26~398．79],差异有统计学意义（P〈O．00001）。后路椎间融合组融合率高于后外侧融合组（OR0．41,95％C10．19～0．85）,差异有统计学意义（P=0．02）。后路椎间融合组对腰背痛缓解优于后外侧融合组（WMD0．43,95％C10．10～0．76）,差异有统计学意义（P=0．01）。两组Oswestry功能障碍指数（WMD2．86,95％CI-0．56～6．26）、术后腿痛视觉疼痛评分（WMD0．34,95％CI-0．11～0．79）、术后腰椎前凸角度（WMD-2．43,95％CI-5．42～0．55）差异均无统计学意义。结论在治疗腰椎退行性疾病中,后路椎间融合组较后外侧融合组有更高的融合率,能更好的缓解腰部疼痛,且术中及术后24h内总出血量少。但仍需要设计良好、方法学质量更高的随机对照试验进一步验证。     

Comparison of clinical outcomes and spino-pelvic sagittal balance in degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: Minimally invasive oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) versus transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF)

Spino-pelvic sagittal parameters are closely related to the lumbar degenerative diseases. The present study aims to compare clinical results and spino-pelvic sagittal balance treated with oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis at single segment.We retrospectively reviewed and compared 28 patients who underwent OLIF (OLIF group) and 35 who underwent TLIF (TLIF group). Radiological results were evaluated with disc height (DH), foraminal height (FH), fused segment lordosis (FSL), lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence (PI), and sacral slope (SS). Clinical results were evaluated with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and VAS for back and leg pain.The OLIF group showed higher improvement of DH and FH than the TLIF group at all time points after surgery (P < .05). No significant differences were found in PT, PI, and SS between the 2 groups (P > .05). Significant restoration of spino-pelvic sagittal balance was observed in the 2 groups after surgery. Significant differences in postoperative lumbar lordosis and fused segment lordosis were found between the 2 groups (P < .05). Significant difference in the improvement of symptoms was observed between the 2 groups. The OLIF group had lower VAS scores for back pain and ODI compared after surgery (P < .05).It can be concluded that there are exactly differences in improvement of radiographic parameters between 2 approaches, which confirmed that OLIF is better in restoring spinal alignment. Besides, due to the unique minimally invasive approach, OLIF did exhibit a greater advantage in early recovery after surgery.     

One-year clinical outcome after full-endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy for isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis: Two case reports

Rationale:For isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis (ILS) associated with the removal of herniation, it remains challenging to perform less invasive and minimally disruptive procedures. Good results could potentially be obtained by further preserving the posterior elements in full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy (FESS), which is less invasive than microenscopic surgery (MES).Patient concerns:One patient complained of left leg pain, and another patient complained of right leg pain and low back pain.Diagnoses:Two patients with ILS and Meyerding Grade 1 lumbar spondylolisthesis.Interventions:We performed a full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy via the interlaminar space (FESS-IL) for L5/S1 lumbar disc herniation (LDH) accompanied by isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis. FESS-IL was performed in 2 patients with radiculopathy caused by different types of LDH using a full endoscopic system with a 4.1 mm working channel and 6.9 mm outer diameter. A 3.5-mm diameter high-speed drill was used in one patient for an upward-migrated LDH in the inner-rim of the infravertebral border. The other patient underwent minimal resection without bone resection.Outcomes:The one-year clinical outcome included confirmation of pain relief and evacuation of migrated LDH on magnetic resonance imaging in all patients. There was no progression of slippage on radiography. The mean operative time was 82 min, and no complication was observed. The one-year clinical outcome demonstrated sufficient pain relief.Lessons: The 1-year postoperative outcome showed improvement. We believe that FESS-IL is a viable alternative operative approach for LDH for ILS.     

Preoperative dorsal disc height is a predictor of indirect decompression effect through oblique lateral interbody fusion in lumbar degenerative stenosis

The extent of indirect decompression after oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is one of the most important factors in deciding the strategy. To assess the radiographical predictors of the effect of indirect decompression in patients with lumbar degenerative spondylosis by OLIF. Thirty-two consecutive patients who underwent OLIF at 58 lumbar disc levels were enrolled in this study. The radiographic measurements included central disc height (cDH), dorsal disc height (dDH), right/left foraminal height in sagittal plane computed tomography (CT), and cross-sectional dural sac antero-posterior diameter (CDSD) in axial plane CT. All patients were followed up for 1 year after surgery. All CT parameters (cDH, dDH, CDSD, right foraminal height [RFH], and left foraminal height [LFH]) significantly increased after OLIF (P < .0001). The mean raised height difference was 4.3, 3.4, 3.4, and 2.6 mm for cDH, dDH, RFH, and LFH, respectively. The mean CDSD increase was 1.4 mm. The median values of post/pre-operation (change rates) were 1.5 times in cDH, 1.9 times in dDH, and 1.2 times in CDSD, RFH, and LFH. RFH and LFH change rates were related with both cDH and dDH change rates, while the CDSD change rate was only associated with the dDH change rate (P = .0206*) but not with cDH (P = .2061). There was a significant negative relationship between the CDSD change rate and preoperative dDH (P = .0311*, R² = 0.0817) but not with preoperative cDH (P = .4864). OLIF should be avoided for patients with preserved high dDH.     

微创改良TLIF治疗腰椎退变性疾病87例临床疗效观察

目的：探讨通过Quadrant系统改良经椎间孔椎间融合术（改良TLIF）治疗腰椎退变性疾病的临床疗效。方法对收治的87例腰椎退变性疾病患者均采用后路中央两旁多裂肌间隙入路,在Quadrant 可扩张通道微创系统下行改良TLIF。采用视觉模拟法（ VAS）疼痛评分和日本矫形外科协会（ JOA）评分评估临床疗效,并观察术前、术后各项指标及并发症情况。结果87例患者的平均手术时间为189 min,平均手术切口长度为4．1 cm,术中平均出血量为260 ml,术后平均引流量为105 ml。并发硬脊膜破裂2例,经相应处理后治愈。所有患者随访时间平均为13．5个月,术后1周及末次随访时的腰腿痛VAS评分、JOA评分与术前相比明显降低,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论应用Quadrant可扩张通道改良TLIF治疗腰椎退变性疾病,对组织损伤轻、出血量少、术后恢复快、近期疗效肯定,是一种安全有效的微创术式。     

小切口椎弓根钉棒椎间融合技术与传统手术方式治疗腰椎滑脱症的对比研究

目的：对比小切口椎弓根钉棒椎间融合技术与传统手术方式治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法手术治疗腰椎滑脱症100例,其中小切口椎弓根钉棒椎间融合技术组50例,传统开放组50例。分别统计两组术中出血量、手术时间、术后引流量、住院时间,术前术后疼痛视觉VSA评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数（ODI）,根据Macnab标准评定临床疗效,对各影像学数据进行对比分析。结果随访12～24个月,平均18个月,小切口组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间、术后随访VAS疼痛等评分指标均比传统开放手术组具有明显优势（P＜0.01）。小切口组ODI由术前的（84.4±5.3）％减小到术后末次随访的（7.7±1.3）％;传统开放组ODI由术前的（85.9±3.9）％减小到术后末次随访的（19.2±4.9）％,两组差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.01）。结论与传统开放手术相比,小切口椎弓根钉棒椎间融合技术治疗腰椎滑脱症符合微创手术的理念,减少了椎旁组织的广泛剥离,具有切口小、住院时间短、恢复快、术后腰痛少等优点,疗效确切,操作简单,适合基层医院推广。