DNA修复基因的拷贝数变异与年龄相关性白内障的关系

目的　探讨中国汉族人群中DNA修复基因的拷贝数多态性（copy number variations，CNV）与年龄相关性白内障（age-related cataract，ARC）易感性的关系。方法　研究对象来自“江苏眼病研究”流行病学人群，包括ARC组780例和对照组525人。采集受试者外周静脉血，提取全血基因组DNA。通过实时荧光定量PCR方法检测四种DNA修复基因的拷贝数（copy number，CN），分析ARC组和对照组基因CN的差异以及相对危险度（odds ratio，OR）。结果　在WRN基因中发现了新的CNV。WRN基因高拷贝（CN=3+）与ARC的易感性有关（OR=1.88，P=0.02）；HSF4基因低拷贝（CN=1）的人群对ARC易感（OR=4.09，P=0.004）。WRN基因高拷贝与核性以及后囊下性ARC的易感性有关（OR=2.06、3.72，均为P=0.02）。HSF4基因低拷贝与核性以及后囊下性ARC的易感性有关（OR=5.73，P=0.001；OR=6.80，P=0.01）。WRN和HSF4基因的联合作用显著增加了ARC的易感性。经过多重校正以后，仅有HSF4的CNV与ARC的易感性有关，尤其与核性和后囊下性ARC的易感性有关。结论　HSF4基因与WRN基因的CNV可能与中国汉族人群ARC的易感性有关。DNA修复基因对ARC易感性有一定的作用，并且对不同亚型ARC产生不同的影响。     

DNA甲基化转移酶(DNMT)3b基因的单核苷酸多态性与年龄相关性白内障

目的 探讨江苏汉族人群中DNA甲基化转移酶(DNA methyltransferases,DNMT)3b基因的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNP)与年龄相关性白内障(age-related cataract,ARC)的相关性.方法 选择江苏眼病研究阜宁县基地人群ARC确诊患者357例为ARC组,356例与患者年龄、性别相匹配且无亲属关系的健康者为对照组,入选者均为汉族.采用荧光定量PCR方法检测DNMT3b基因3个位点(rs2424908、rs6119954、rs2424932)SNP.Stata 13.0软件进行统计分析.结果 rs2424908位点不符合哈迪-温伯格平衡,故排除出结果分析.SNP位点rs6119954及rs2424932在对照组中基因型AA、AG、GG的分布频率分别为12.26％、43.73％、44.01％和0.28％、12.64％、84.55％,在ARC组中的分布频率分别为9.52％、32.49％、43.98％和0.28％、16.48％、83.24％,两组间各基因型分布频率差异均无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05).结论 DNMT3b基因SNP的位点rs6119954、rs2424932与江苏汉族人群中ARC发病无相关性.     

年龄相关性白内障患者外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤的研究

背景年龄相关性白内障是常见的致盲眼病,其病因及发病机制仍是当前的研究热点。研究提示DNA损伤在年龄相关性白内障的发生及发展过程中起重要作用。目的研究外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤与年龄相关性白内障发生的关系。方法采用横断面研究设计。纳入的年龄相关性白内障患者211例和正常对照组受试者147名均来自“江苏眼病研究：阜宁县2011年眼病流行病调查”人群,两组人群的年龄均为50～80岁,组间性别构成比及年龄均匹配。应用彗星试验检测外周血淋巴细胞尾部DNA含量及Olive尾距（OTM）,对两组间测量指标的差异进行比较。将年龄相关性白内障患者分为50～59岁、60～69岁和≥70岁组,对3个组间的外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤情况进行比较。研究遵循赫尔辛基宣言,经南通大学附属医院伦理委员会批准,所有研究对象均签署知情同意书。采用SPSS17．0统计学软件,对两组人群检测指标的差异进行独立样本t检验,对不同年龄组间检测指标的差异比较采用单因素方差分析。结果彗星试验结果显示,正常对照组受试者外周血淋巴细胞无拖尾现象,而年龄相关性白内障患者的外周血淋巴细胞变大,可见拖尾现象。年龄相关性白内障组患者外周血淋巴细胞尾部DNA百分比和OTM值分别为（21．75±3．51）％和6．54±1．65,均明显高于正常对照组的（9．31±3．60）％和2．18±1．10,差异均有统计学意义（t=32．67,P=0．00;t=28．02,P=0．00）;50—59岁组外周血淋巴细胞尾部DNA含量和OTM值分别为（20．04±2．86）％和5．92±1．14,60～69岁组为（20．77±2．93）％和6．134-1．14,≥70岁组为（22．79±3．67）％和6．95±1．9l,3个组间差异均有统计学意义（F=11．78,P=0．00;F=7．94,P=0．00）。两两比较后发现50～59岁组与≥70岁组、60～69岁组与≥70岁组阃差异均有统计学意义（TailDNA％：q=2．75,P=0．00;q=2．02,P=0．00;OTM：g=1．03,P=0．02;q=0．82,P=0．00）。结论年龄相关性白内障的发生和发展可能与DNA损伤有关。     

外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤与湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性的关系

目的　研究外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤与湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性的关系。方法　收集2014年6月至2017年9月于蚌埠医学院第一附属医院眼科治疗湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性患者80例（80眼）为湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性组,正常对照组来自我院体检中心共81例（81眼）,两组年龄和性别组成均无差异（均为P>0.05）。应用彗星试验检测外周血淋巴细胞尾部DNA含量及Olive尾距（Olive tail moment,OTM）,对两组间测量指标的差异进行比较。进一步将湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性患者分为50～59岁、60～69岁、70～85岁组,对3亚组间外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤情况进行比较。结果　湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性组患者外周血淋巴细胞尾部DNA百分比和OTM值分别为（21.36±0.62）％和5.89±0.51,均明显高于正常对照组（19.95±0.64）％、（4.89±0.56）,差异均有统计学意义（t=14.03、11.96;均为P=0.00）。50~59岁组外周血淋巴细胞尾部DNA含量和OTM值分别为（20.44±0.25）％和5.10±0.26,60~69岁组为（21.27±0.21）％和5.85±0.15,70~85岁组为（21.99±0.27）％和6.39±0.19,3组间DNA含量和OTM值差异均有统计学意义（F=224.73、242.41;均为P=0.00）。两两比较后发现50~59岁组与60~69岁组、50~59岁组与70~85岁组、60~69岁组与70~85岁组间差异均有统计学意义（均为P=0.00）。结论　DNA损伤可能与湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性的发生和发展有关。     

年龄相关性白内障患者沉默信息调节因子1(SIRT1)的单核苷酸多态性研究

目的 探讨江苏汉族人群中沉默信息调节因子1(silent information regulator 1,SIRTl)基因的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)与年龄相关性白内障(age-related cataract,ARC)的关系.方法 采用分子流行病学病例对照研究方法和Taq-Man RT-PCR法,检测江苏眼病研究苏南无锡市滨湖区、苏北盐城市阜宁县基地人群720例ARC,701例与患者年龄、性别相匹配且无亲属关系的健康者为正常对照组的SIRT1基因5个位点(rs2236319、rs1885472、rs10997868、rs2273773、rs4746720) SNP的基因型,入选者均为汉族.结果 SIRT1基因rs10997868位点不符合哈迪-温伯格平衡,故排除出结果分析.SIRT1基因SNP位点rs2236319及rs1885472在对照组中基因型(AA/AG/GG、CC/CG/GG)的分布频率分别为40.08％、52.60％、7.32％及35.81％、35.23％、28.96％,在ARC组中的基因型分布频率分别为36.94％、56.25％、6.81％及36.67％、32.92％、30.42％.SNP位点rs2273773及rs4746720在对照组中基因型(CC/CT/TT)的分布频率分别为38.37％、54.78％、5.85％及74.75％、17.69％、7.56％,在ARC组中的基因型分布频率分别为39.58％、54.17％、6.25％及71.81％、20.97％、7.22％.两组间各基因型分布频率差异均无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05).结论 SIRT1基因SNP(rs2236319、rs1885472、rs2273773、rs4746720)与江苏汉族人群中ARC发病不相关.     

中老年人心血管疾病与年龄相关性白内障的关系

目的:评价人群心血管疾病对年龄相关性白内障(age-related cataract,ARC)发生的影响。方法:采用回顾性病例对照研究方法,2009-09/2011-03对360例病例和匹配的360例对照进行了调查。主要的测量指标为心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)与ARC关联的比值比(OR)及其相应的95%可信区间(CI)。采用自行设计的调查表对研究对象进行调查。结果:病例组与对照组之间,年龄、职业,以及居住地的差异无统计学意义。调整了多种潜在性混杂因素后,空腹血糖受损的研究对象和已确诊的糖尿病患者发生ARC的危险性分别升高了62.4%和69.8%(OR=1.624,95%CI:1.068～2.553,P=0.007;OR=1.698,95%CI:1.412～2.719,P=0.009);高血压患者与ARC的关联性较强(OR=1.431,95%CI:1.098～1.997,P=0.007);现行吸烟者和现行饮酒者发生ARC的危险性也显著增高(OR=1.712,95%CI:1.312～2.344,P=0.010;OR=1.912,95%CI:1.310～2.896,P=0.003)。结论:糖尿病、高血压、吸烟及饮酒可使发生ARC的危险性增加,最终导致ARC的发生。     

Cigarette smoking, body mass index associated with the risks of age-related cataract in male patients in northeast China

AIM: To determine the association between cigarettes smoking, body mass index (BMI) and the risk of age-related cataract (ARC) in middle-aged and elderly men in Northeast China. METHODS: A hospital-based case control study was conducted. Cases (n =362) were men who had surgically treated ARC, 45-85 years old; controls frequency-matched (n =362) were men who had been admitted to the same hospital as cases for other diseases not related with eye diseases. Cases and controls were matched with 1:1. The cases and controls were interviewed during their hospital stay, using a structured interviewer-administrated questionnaire that included information on sociodemographic characteristics, socioeconomic, lifestyle habits (tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption, etc.), anthropometric measures, personal medical history, and family history of ARC in first-degree relatives, and simultaneously BMI was calculated. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of ARC were estimated using multiple logistic regression models. RESULTS: After adjusting for age and multiple potential confounders, higher BMI was associated with an increased risk of ARC. Cigarette smoking, years smoking or moderate cigarette smoking (1-29 cigarettes per day) had no relation with the risk of ARC (P >0.05), although patients smoking ≥30 cigarettes per day had an elevated risk of ARC as compared with the non-smokers (OR =1.55, 95% CI; 1.16-2.85, P =0.026). Higher BMI was associated with an increased risk of ARC. Both overweight and obesity was associated with an obviously increased risk for surgically ARC (OR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.02-1.98, P=0.015 and OR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.32-2.39, P=0.013 respectively) compared to normal BMI. Then participants were grouped into quartiles of BMI (Q1 to Q4), compared to controls in the lowest quartile, the OR for cases in the highest quartile of BMI was 1.54 (OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.08-2.46, P=0.022). The results of univariate analysis showed cigarette smoking was not associated with ARC formation for men with lower or normal BMI (P >0.05). Compared to the non-smokers, for men of overweight or obesity, cigarette smoking was associated with a significantly increased risk for surgically ARC (OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.49-6.65, P =0.003 and OR =1.66, 95% CI: 1.63-13.21, P =0.002 respectively). Similarly, smokers in the highest quartile of BMI had approximately 1.5 times the risk of ARC as non-smokers in the lowest quartile (OR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.06-5.29, P <0.001). Followed multivariate models revealed that the association had never changed. CONCLUSION: Current cigarette smoking is positively related to ARC only among those who smoking 30 or more cigarettes per day. For men who are both overweight and obesity, cigarette smoking is associated with a significantly increased risk for ARC.     

超氧化物歧化酶与年龄相关性白内障关系的研究

目的 探讨超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)基因多态性与年龄相关性白内障发生的关系.方法 年龄相关性白内障病例415例为白内障组,其中121例为皮质性白内障,109例为核性白内障,59例为后囊下白内障,126例为混合性白内障.年龄、性别匹配的386例健康者作为对照组.以聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性的方法检测SOD1-251 A/G基因多态分型,以x2检验比较SOD1多态基因型在白内障组与对照组之间分布的差异.结果 白内障组SOD1-251 G/G基因型频率明显高于对照组(P=0.012,OR=1.642,95％ CI为1.129～ 2.389),可能是白内障发展的危险因素;SOD1-251 A/A基因型明显低于对照组(P=0.001,OR=0.613,95％ CI为0.461 ～0.817),可能是对照组的一个保护因素;两组中SOD1-251A/A中的G型等位基因频率差异有统计学意义(P =0.001,OR=1.479,95％ CI为1.208～1.810).相对于对照组,皮质性和混合性白内障病例中SOD1-251 G/G基因型频率(分别为P=0.031,OR=1.805,95％ CI为1.076 ～3.026;P =0.002,OR=2.229,95％ CI 为1.364～3.645)和A/A基因型频率(分别为P=0.026,OR=0.608,95％ CI为0.396～0.933;P =0.001,OR =0.474,95％ CI为0.305～0.734)存在显著不同.结论 SOD1-251 G/G基因型可能是导致白内障的一个危险因素.     

Cigarette smoking, body mass index associated with the risks of age-related cataract in male patients in northeast China

AIM: To determine the association between cigarettes smoking, body mass index (BMI) and the risk of age-related cataract (ARC) in middle-aged and elderly men in Northeast China. METHODS: A hospital-based case control study was conducted. Cases (n =362) were men who had surgically treated ARC, 45-85 years old; controls frequency-matched (n =362) were men who had been admitted to the same hospital as cases for other diseases not related with eye diseases. Cases and controls were matched with 1:1. The cases and controls were interviewed during their hospital stay, using a structured interviewer-administrated questionnaire that included information on sociodemographic characteristics, socioeconomic, lifestyle habits (tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption, etc.), anthropometric measures, personal medical history, and family history of ARC in first-degree relatives, and simultaneously BMI was calculated. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of ARC were estimated using multiple logistic regression models. RESULTS: After adjusting for age and multiple potential confounders, higher BMI was associated with an increased risk of ARC. Cigarette smoking, years smoking or moderate cigarette smoking (1-29 cigarettes per day) had no relation with the risk of ARC (P >0.05), although patients smoking ≥30 cigarettes per day had an elevated risk of ARC as compared with the non-smokers (OR =1.55, 95% CI; 1.16-2.85, P =0.026). Higher BMI was associated with an increased risk of ARC. Both overweight and obesity was associated with an obviously increased risk for surgically ARC (OR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.02-1.98, P=0.015 and OR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.32-2.39, P=0.013 respectively) compared to normal BMI. Then participants were grouped into quartiles of BMI (Q1 to Q4), compared to controls in the lowest quartile, the OR for cases in the highest quartile of BMI was 1.54 (OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.08-2.46, P=0.022). The results of univariate analysis showed cigarette smoking was not associated with ARC formation for men with lower or normal BMI (P >0.05). Compared to the non-smokers, for men of overweight or obesity, cigarette smoking was associated with a significantly increased risk for surgically ARC (OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.49-6.65, P =0.003 and OR =1.66, 95% CI: 1.63-13.21, P =0.002 respectively). Similarly, smokers in the highest quartile of BMI had approximately 1.5 times the risk of ARC as non-smokers in the lowest quartile (OR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.06-5.29, P <0.001). Followed multivariate models revealed that the association had never changed. CONCLUSION: Current cigarette smoking is positively related to ARC only among those who smoking 30 or more cigarettes per day. For men who are both overweight and obesity, cigarette smoking is associated with a significantly increased risk for ARC.     

年龄相关性白内障患者氧化损伤修复基因表观遗传学研究进展

氧化损伤是目前较为公认的年龄相关性白内障(ARC)发病机制.晶状体上皮细胞的氧化损伤会引起DNA损伤,而DNA氧化损伤修复能力不足或不及时均会引起ARC的发生.近年来发现,许多眼睛疾患的发病机制受表观遗传、环境及遗传等因素的影响,并且表观遗传学通过调控DNA氧化损伤修复基因的表达在ARC发生机制中起重要作用.本文系统阐...     

Polymorphisms of DNA repair genes XPD and XRCC1 and risk of cataract development

The association between oxidative or ultraviolet (UV) light induced DNA damage in the lens epithelium and the development of lens opacities, and the existence of DNA repair in lens epithelial cells have been reported. Polymorphisms of DNA repair enzymes may affect repair efficiency. In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of polymorphisms in two DNA repair enzyme genes, xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) codon 751 and X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) codon 399, in a sample of Turkish patients with maturity onset cataract. By using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), we analysed XRCC1-Arg399Gln and XPD-Lys751Gln polymorphisms in 195 patients with cataract (75 patients with cortical, 53 with nuclear, 37 with posterior subcapsular, and 30 with mixed type) and in 194 otherwise healthy control group of similar age. There was a significant difference between frequencies for XPD-751 Gln/Gln genotype in cataract patients (12%) and healthy controls (20%) (P=0.008, OR=0.40, 95% CI=0.20-0.81). After stratification by the cataract subtypes, XPD-751 Gln/Gln genotype was found to be significantly different in patients with cortical (4%) type cataract in respect to control subjects (20%) (P=0.038, OR=0.16, 95% CI=0.04-0.64). In addition, the allele frequency of the C (Gln)-allele of XPD-Lys751Gln was found to be significantly different in mixed type cataract group (P=0.008, OR=0.48, 95% CI: 0.26-0.90). No statistically significant difference was found for the genotypic and allelic distributions of the polymorphisms in XRCC1 gene between the groups. These findings suggest that polymorphism in XPD codon 751 may be associated with the development of maturity onset cataract.     

DNA修复基因在年龄相关性白内障患者晶状体皮质中表达的研究

目的　研究ＤＮＡ修复基因在年龄相关性白内障（ａｇｅ-ｒｅｌａｔｅｄｃａｔａｒａｃｔ,ＡＲＣ）患者晶状体皮质和正常对照晶状体皮质之间的表达差异。方法　使用ＴａｑＭａｎ人类ＤＮＡ修复基因表达芯片板检测年龄和性别匹配的３例ＡＲＣ患者和３例正常对照晶状体皮质组织中ＤＮＡ修复基因的表达。表达差异在１．５倍以上的基因使用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（ｒｅａｌ-ｔｉｍｅＰＣＲ）进行验证（３０例ＡＲＣ患者和３０例正常对照）。数据使用ＳＰＳＳ１７．０软件进行分析,ＡＲＣ患者与正常对照间数据的比较采用独立样本ｔ检验。结果　ＴａｑＭａｎ人类ＤＮＡ修复基因表达芯片板检测显示:相对于正常对照晶状体皮质,在ＡＲＣ患者晶状体皮质中有７个ＤＮＡ修复基因（ＡＴＭ、ＥＲＣＣ６、ＰＯＬＡ１、ＰＯＬＤ１、ＰＯＬＱ、ＰＳＭＢ８、ＣＣＮＯ）表达下调１．５倍以上（０．３５±０．０７、０．２６±０．０９、０．４１±０．０７、０．３７±０．１４、０．３７±０．０７、０．１５±０．０５、０．５７±０．１３）,差异均有统计学意义（ｔ＝８．９８,Ｐ＝０．０１;ｔ＝４．７１,Ｐ＝０．０４;ｔ＝１０．４２,Ｐ＝０．０１;ｔ＝４．６５,Ｐ＝０．０４;ｔ＝８．９２,Ｐ＝０．０１;ｔ＝４．９４,Ｐ＝０．０４;ｔ＝７．６３,Ｐ＝０．０２）,４个基因（ＣＨＥＫ２、ＥＲＣＣ１、ＦＡＮＣＥ、ＧＡＤＤ４５Ｇ）表达上调１．５倍以上（２．５８±０．２５、１．９５±０．０９、８．８２±０．７８、３．１８±０．８９）,差异均有统计学意义（ｔ＝１８．１８,Ｐ＝０．００;ｔ＝２０．９２,Ｐ＝０．０１;ｔ＝１９．５５,Ｐ＝０．０１;ｔ＝６．２０,Ｐ＝０．０２）。ｒｅａｌ-ｔｉｍｅＰＣＲ的验证结果与其一致。结论　ＡＲＣ患者晶状体皮质和正常对照晶状体皮质中部分ＤＮＡ修复基因的表达存在差异,这些表达有差异的基因可能在ＡＲＣ的形成和发展中起到一定作用。     

人8-羟基鸟嘌呤糖苷酶1与年龄相关性白内障关系的临床研究

目的探讨与年龄相关性白内障（ARC）患者晶状体上皮细胞（LECs）中参与DNA损伤后碱基清除修复途径的氧化损伤修复基因—人8-羟基鸟嘌呤糖苷酶1（HOGG1）水平与ARC的关系。方法收集三种ARC（皮质性、核性、后囊下性）LECs样本,以透明晶状体LECs为对照组,用免疫组化、RT-PCR方法测定HOGG1在LECs的表达情况。结果对照组LECs中可见HOGG1的表达,三种ARC患者LECs中可见HOGG1表达较对照组增高（F=107.62,P〈0.01）,但三种ARC之间没有统计学差异。对照组与ARC组HOGG1均位于细胞质和细胞核。说明ARC LECs的细胞核和细胞质中HOGG1的表达量上调。结论 HOGG1表达上调参与ARC的发生发展。     

The impact of GJA3 SNPs on susceptibility to age-related cataract

AIM: To determine the association of gap junction protein alpha 3 (GJA3) gene tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with susceptibility to age-related cataract (ARC). METHODS: In total, 486 ARC patients were matched with 500 healthy controls. All the participants underwent complete ophthalmic examinations. Haplotype-tagging SNPs of GJA3 gene were selected from the HapMap Beijing Han Chinese population. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood leukocytes of all the subjects. Under three different genetic models: dominant, recessive, and additive, the association between SNPs and ARC was examined. After adjusting for age and sex, the genetic effects of the GJA3 SNPs were evaluated with logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Four tag GJA3 SNPs (rs6490519, rs9506430, rs9509053, and rs9552089) were included in the present study. None of the SNPs showed a significant relationship with an altered risk of total ARC under the dominant, recessive, or additive models. In the subgroup analysis, rs9506430 had a significant effect on the formation of a posterior subcapsular cataract (P=0.002, OR: 0.227, 95%CI: 0.088-0.590) under the recessive model. CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that GJA3 variants may influence the development of posterior subcapsular cataracts. Further studies need to be designed to confirm this possibility.     

Serum lipids and age-related lens opacities: a longitudinal investigation: the Framingham Studies

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether serum lipid/lipoprotein levels are independent risk factors for nuclear, cortical, or posterior subcapsular (PSC) cataracts. DESIGN: Case-control study nested in a cohort study. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Eye examinations were conducted on surviving members of the Framingham Offspring Heart Study cohort from 1989 to 1991 (Framingham Offspring Eye Study) to determine cataract case-control status. Data from the Framingham Offspring Heart Study, including fasting serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride measurements collected first in 1971, again approximately 8 years later, and approximately every 4 years thereafter were used to examine associations between lipid levels (mean levels across examinations and slope of measurements over time) and the presence of specific cataract types. The multistage analyses included 1869 persons aged 45 years and older. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A standardized grading system was used to grade cortical, nuclear, and PSC cataracts. RESULTS: The median age of participants was 55 years; 49% were males. In multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders, fasting hypertriglyceridemia (>/=250 mg/dl) was associated with an increased risk of PSC cataract in men (P = 0.02). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels 相似文献   

Hypertension and diabetes synergistically strengthen the association with cataracts among Chinese

AIM: To examine the relationship between age-related cataracts (ARC) and comorbid hypertension and diabetes. METHODS: We analyzed the administrative records of 6,467 patients aged 50 years and older admitted to the ophthalmological department of a tertiary hospital from January 1st, 2011 to May 20th, 2017. With either eye considered, an ARC (n=3,343) was defined as the presence of lens opacity or previous cataract surgery without evidence of trauma, congenital anomalies or using certain medications. Patients admitted to the same department during the same period due to ocular traumas without clinical evidence of cataracts (n=379) were recruited as the cataract-free controls. Unconditional logistic regressions were obtained the odds ratio (OR) of hypertension and diabetes among ARC patients adjusted for age, sex and health care accessibility. RESULTS: Hypertension was diagnosed in 29.54% of men with any type of cataracts, in 30.12% of men with an ARC, and 10.82% of men of cataract-free controls. Diabetes was diagnosed in 16.64% of men with any type of cataracts, in 16.48% of men with ARC and 4.22% of men of cataract-free controls. Similar patterns were observed among women. After adjusting for age, sex, and health care accessibility, hypertension was weakly [OR=1.83 (95%CI: 1.23, 2.74)] and diabetes was strongly [3.38 (1.86, 6.15)] associated with ARCs. The adjusted OR of comorbid hypertension and diabetes among adults with ARC was 18.20 (4.38, 75.59). CONCLUSION: Hypertension and diabetes were independently associated with ARC. Hypertension and diabetes, if co-existing, multiplicatively strengthened the association with ARC.     

Drug use and five-year incidence of age-related cataracts: The Beaver Dam Eye Study

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate incident cataract after a 5-year interval with respect to medication use. DESIGN: Population-based incidence study. MAIN OUTCOME: Incident cataract judged from standard photographs. SETTING: Study subjects were adults 43 to 86 years of age in 1988 to 1990 and again in 1993 to 1995. All participants were examined and interviewed, and photographs were taken. All procedures and grading were done by protocols at both examinations. All medications in current use, prescribed as well as over-the-counter, were brought to the examination site, and the names were recorded at that time. RESULTS: There were 678 drug preparations (active ingredients) being used at the baseline examination. Significantly lower incidences of nuclear cataracts 5 years later occurred in those who took thiazide diuretics (odds ratio [OR] = 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63, 1.00) and aspirin (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.61, 0.95) at the baseline examination. There were significantly more incident cortical cataracts in those taking oral steroids (OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.45, 4.62), amitriptyline (OR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.09, 3.79), oral hypoglycemic agents (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.23, 3.44), and insulin (OR = 3.38, 95% CI 1.61, 7.08). There were significantly more incident posterior subcapsular cataracts in those taking potassium-sparing diuretics (OR = 2.13, 95% CI 1.42, 3.18) and oral hypoglycemic agents (OR = 2.89, 95% CI 1.57, 5.33). Considering past use with never and current use did not alter the patterns of associations. We were not able to separate the effects of antihypertensive or diuretic agents from that of hypertension. However, hypoglycemic agents were no longer associated with any cataract type after stratifying by diabetes status. CONCLUSIONS: Although many different medications were being used at the baseline examination in the Beaver Dam Eye Study cohort, few were associated with incident cataract. However, with the high frequency of use of medications and the possibility that effects of current exposure may occur in the future, it is reasonable to follow this and other older cohorts for the development of cataract.