雷珠单抗治疗视网膜静脉阻塞的临床研究

目的 观察玻璃体内注射雷珠单抗(Ranibizumab)联合视网膜激光光凝治疗合并黄斑水肿的视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion,RVO)的疗效.方法 2013年10月至2015年3月我院确诊为RVO患者32例35眼纳入研究,分为视网膜分支静脉阻塞(branch retinal vein occlusion,BRVO)组18例(19眼)、视网膜中央静脉阻塞(cranch retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)组14例(16眼).所有患者均接受Ranibizumab玻璃体内注射,采用1+PRN方案.在初次注射后0.5～1个月,联合视网膜激光光凝治疗.比较两组患者治疗前、治疗后患眼黄斑中心视网膜厚度(macular central retinal thickness,CRT)、国际标准糖尿病早期治疗研究(Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study,ETDRS)视力表、裂隙灯、眼底镜、眼压以及眼底荧光血管造影检查(fluorescein fundus angiography,FFA).结果 随访2～6个月,平均4个月.CRVO组、BRVO组重复注射Ranibizumab的次数分别为(1.83±0.83)次、(1.58±0.67)次.CRVO组、BRVO组治疗前后ETDRS视力比较差异均有统计学意义(t=3.237、6.178,均为P＜0.05),CRVO组、BRVO组治疗前后CRT差异均有统计学意义(t=3.165、3.598,均为P＜O.05).两组术后CRT与年龄、糖尿病、高血压因素均无相关性(r =0.114、0.435、0.028、0.269、0.171、0.062,均为P＞0.05).BRVO组术前CRT及注射次数有相关性(r =0.556,P≤0.05).结论 经玻璃体内注射Ranibizumab联合视网膜激光光凝治疗RVO能促进出血吸收、改善黄斑水肿并且提高视力.两组末次随访CRT与年龄、合并糖尿病、合并高血压因素均无相关性.BRVO组研究结果显示IVR联合视网膜激光治疗疗效优于IVR单项治疗.     

视网膜静脉阻塞患者血小板参数及同型半胱氨酸水平的临床分析

目的 检测视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion,RVO)患者的同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)水平和血小板参数,包括血小板计数(platelet,PLT)、血小板平均体积(mean platelet volume,MPV),探讨两者是否作为致病因素参与RVO发病.方法 对临床诊断为RVO的48例患者(RVO组)进行血PLT、MPV、Hcy测定,包括视网膜分支静脉阻塞(branch retinal vein occlusion,BRVO)患者22例(BRVO组)和视网膜中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)患者26例(CRVO组),并与临床诊断为白内障的40例对照组进行比较并作统计学分析.结果 RVO组PLT水平(212.99±50.10)×109 L-1,与对照组PLT水平(198.11±44.69) ×l09 L-1比较,差异无统计学意义(P ＞0.05),RVO组MPV与Hcy水平(9.44±0.97) fL、(8.99±0.81) μmol·L-1较对照组(8.66±0.96) fL和(8.38 ±0.62) μmol·L-1均增高(均为P＜O.05).PLT水平在CRVO组(212.27±49.07) xl09 L-1、BRVO组(213.84±52.43) ×l09 L-1及对照组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05),MPV、Hcy水平在CRVO组(9.48±0.91)fL、(8.97±0.76) μmol·L-1与BRVO组(9.40±1.06)fL、(9.01±0.89)tmol·L-1,较对照组均增高(均为P＜0.05),但在CRVO组与BRVO组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05).结论 高MPV、高Hey可能是引起RVO发病的危险因素,降血小板及降Hcy的治疗从理论上讲是一种积极有效的预防措施.     

曲安奈德联合激光治疗视网膜静脉阻塞的临床观察

目的:观察玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德联合眼底激光治疗视网膜静脉阻塞的临床观察。方法:选择2010-01/2012-12于我院就诊的视网膜静脉阻塞伴黄斑水肿的患者56例为研究对象。所有患者均接受卵磷脂络合碘片和复方血栓通胶囊传统常规治疗,中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)、半侧中央静脉阻塞(hemi-central retinal vein occlusion,hemiCRVO)和分支静脉阻塞(branch retinal vein occlusion,BRVO)分别进行曲安奈德联合激光治疗,随访时间至少6mo。结果:治疗1,3,6mo后,患者黄斑中心凹厚度均有明显降低(P<0.05)。治疗后,随访6~12mo发现,CRVO、hemiCRVO和BRVO患者的总有效率为83%~95%,并且患者未出现明显的不良反应。结论:在传统治疗基础上给予玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德联合眼底激光可有效治疗视网膜静脉阻塞,值得临床推广。     

炎症相关基因多态性与视网膜中央静脉阻塞相关性的研究

视网膜中央静脉阻塞（central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO）是常见的视网膜血管病,多见于60岁以上患者,可因视网膜缺血,黄斑水肿,玻璃体出血或新生血管性青光眼而造成视力下降。高血压,糖尿病,血浆半胱氨酸浓度增高等促进动脉粥样硬化形成是CRVO的危险因素。业已证实,视网膜动脉粥样硬化所致的筛板处视网膜中央静脉压迫与CRVO的发病相关。     

眼压和眼轴长与视网膜静脉阻塞的关系

目的探讨眼压和眼轴长与视网膜静脉阻塞（RVO）的关系。方法应用CanonTX-F型眼压计对56例RVO患者的眼压进行测量,并用A超对其眼轴进行测量,对照组为年龄、性别相匹配的98例白内障摘除患者。结果视网膜中央静脉阻塞（CRVO）阻塞眼眼压显著低于对测眼及正常对照眼（P〈0.01）;视网膜分支静脉阻塞（BRVO）阻塞眼眼压与对测眼及正常对照眼比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。CRVO阻塞眼眼轴长与对照眼比较差异有显著性（P〈0.01）;BRVO阻塞眼眼轴长与对照眼比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论眼轴长偏短是CR-VO的危险因素,CRVO可引起眼压降低;眼轴长偏短不是BRVO的危险因素,BRVO不能引起眼压降低。     

玻璃体手术和眼内光凝治疗伴玻璃体积血和新生血管膜的视网膜静脉阻塞

目的评估玻璃体手术和眼内光凝治疗伴玻璃体积血、新生血管膜或牵拉性视网膜脱离的视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion,RVO)的疗效。方法复习连续的37例RVO患者经玻璃体手术和眼内光凝治疗的38只眼临床资料。视网膜分支静脉阻塞(branch retinal vein occlusion,BRVO)19例20只眼，视网膜中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)18例18只眼。结果手术中确认27只眼有新生血管膜，23只眼有牵拉性视网膜脱离。手术后34只眼视力改善，占89.5%，其中22只眼有0.1以上的视力。4只眼视力未变。CRVO组病史较长，手术后视力改善较少。结论玻璃体手术和眼内光凝能改善多数伴有玻璃体积血、新生血管膜和牵拉性视网膜脱离的RVO眼预后。(中华眼底病杂志,1998,14:3-6)     

视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿患者黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度变化研究

目的　研究视网膜中央静脉阻塞（central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO）和视网膜分支静脉阻塞（branch retinal vein occlusion,BRVO）继发黄斑水肿(ME)患者黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度(subfoveal choroidal thickness,SFCT)的变化情况,并探讨单次玻璃体内注射康柏西普后的短期反应。方法　回顾性病例对照研究。选取2019年6月至2020年6月在我院接受治疗的31例视网膜静脉阻塞继发ME的初治患者,根据发病类型分为CRVO组（16例16眼）和BRVO组（15例15眼）。所有患者在确诊后均接受玻璃体内注射康柏西普治疗。分别在康柏西普注射前和注射后2周测量两组SFCT并比较。结果　CRVO组注射前患眼的SFCT为（319.73±19.28）μm,较对侧健眼［（255.13±16.15）μm］明显增厚,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);注射后2周患眼的SFCT迅速降为（283.33±21.61）μm,与注射前相比差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000)。BRVO组注射前患眼SFCT为（310.31±19.41）μm,较对侧健眼［（255.31±21.69）μm］明显增厚;注射后2周患眼的SFCT迅速下降为（266.56±16.30）μm,与注射前相比差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000)。康柏西普注射前后CRVO组患眼和BRVO组患眼之间的SFCT变化值差异无统计学意义(P=0.210)。结论　CRVO和BRVO继发ME患眼的SFCT均明显比对侧健眼增厚,并在玻璃体内注射康柏西普后短时间内明显变薄。     

视网膜静脉阻塞激光光凝的时机选择

目的：观察激光光凝治疗不同病程的视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion,RVO)的临床疗效,探讨RVO激光光凝治疗的时机,为临床选择RVO光凝治疗时机提供依据。

方法：回顾性分析视网膜激光光凝治疗的RVO患者103例103眼,按发病时间将患者分为3组, A组46眼,病程≤1mo,其中视网膜分支静脉阻塞(branch retinal vein occlusion,BRVO)28眼,视网膜中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)18眼; 缺血型RVO 30眼,非缺血型RVO 16眼。B组38眼,1mo<病程<3mo,其中BRVO 22眼,CRVO 16眼; 缺血型RVO 26眼,非缺血型RVO 12眼。C组19眼,病程≥3mo,其中BRVO 7眼,CRVO 12眼; 缺血型RVO 15眼,非缺血型RVO 4眼。随访3mo,观察光凝治疗后各组患者的视力变化差异、视网膜出血、眼部新生血管、黄斑中心凹厚度下降值。

结果：不同病程RVO光凝治疗后患者的最佳矫正视力提高率,视网膜出血、黄斑水肿吸收情况,黄斑中心凹厚度降低量,早期组优于晚期组,非缺血型RVO优于缺血型RVO,激光光凝治疗效果BRVO优于CRVO且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：RVO早期激光光凝干预治疗,可以加速视网膜出血、黄斑水肿吸收,有效保护患者现有视力、促进远期视力提高,具有一定临床实用意义。     

轴长在视网膜分支静脉阻塞中的意义

目的评价眼轴长度（简称轴长）在视网膜分支静脉阻塞(branch retinal vein occlusion,BRVO)中的意义。方法34例BRVO和34例选自白内障摘除而年龄和性别相配的对照病例，做了轴长的对比研究，轴长应用A型超声测量。结果BRVO组患眼和对侧眼的轴长比较无统计学差异(P＞0.20)；BRVO组患眼轴长平均(23.16±0.82)mm，对照组眼的轴长平均(23.78±1.06)mm，两者差异无显著(P＞0.10)。结论作为远视眼依轴长测定结果并不是BRVO发病的一种危险因素。(中华眼底病杂志,1998,14:12-13)     

视网膜电流图振荡电位的计算机处理及临床应用

目的：研究视网电流图（electroretinogram,ERG)振荡电位（oscillatory potentials,OPs)的提取和分析方法及其临床应用。方法：测试了40只（40例）正常对照眼33只（33例）糖尿病视网膜病变（diaetic retinopathy,DR)患者、9只视网膜中央静脉阻塞（central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)患者和9只视网膜分支静脉阻塞（branch retinal vein occlusion,BRVO)患眼的振荡电位,用快速傅里叶变换计算OPs的10－290Hz频谱,计算频谱的功率总和以及最大功率,通过快速傅里叶逆变换用110－250Hz频谱成分重构时域的OPs,测量重构的OPs4个子波的潜伏期、振幅和振幅总和。结果：与正常对照组比较,早期DR患眼140－210Hz振幅谱、功率总和以及最大功率下降,4个子波的太期延长,幅和振幅总和下降,CRVO患眼150－180Hz振幅谱、功率总和以及最大功率下降,BRVO患眼功率总和以及最大功率下降,第2和第3个子波的潜伏期延长,第1到第3个子波的振幅和振幅总和下降。结论：该文阐述OPs分析方法可为DR、CRVO和BRVO的诊断提供有效的客观指标。     

Axial length and hyperopia in eyes with retinal vein occlusions

We performed a prospective study in order to elucidate thepredisposing role of axial length and hyperopia in retinal veinocclusions. The study group comprised 39 patients with unilateralcentral retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), 50 patients with unilateralbranch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), 13 patients with unilateralhemispheric retinal vein occlusion (HRVO) and 45 controleyes.The axial length of affected eyes was compared to fellow eyesand control eyes in each subgroup of patients with retinal veinocclusion. No statistical difference was noted for any of thesubgroups (p > 0.05). Hyperopia was detected in 12 of 39 eyes(31%) with CRVO, 14 of 50 eyes (28%) with BRVO, 4 of 13 eyes(31%) with HRVO and 15 of 45 eyes (33%) in the control group.No statistically significant difference was discovered (p> 0.05).In the light of our study, we believe that axial length andhyperopia may not be risk factors in retinal vein occlusions, incontrast to common belief.     

Is elevated level of soluble endothelial protein C receptor a new risk factor for retinal vein occlusion?

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the systemic and thrombophilic risk factors for retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and to determine whether the elevated level of soluble endothelial protein C receptor (sEPCR) is a risk factor for thrombosis. METHODS: In this case-control study, 56 patients with central RVO (CRVO), 26 patients with branch RVO (BRVO) and 78 healthy sex- and age-matched subjects were enrolled. Following ophthalmological examination, venous blood was analysed for glucose, lipid profile, lipoprotein (a), homocysteine, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, factor VIII, protein C activity, protein S activity, activated protein C resistance, antithrombin III activity, lupus anticoagulant, anti-cardiolipin antibody, anti-phospholipid antibody, sEPCR, factor V Leiden mutation and prothrombin G20210A mutation. RESULTS: Apart from hypertension, glaucoma, lipoprotein (a), homocysteine and factor VIII, elevated levels of sEPCR were found to be a risk factor for CRVO (odds ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.007-1.028; P = 0.001). Patients with CRVO had significantly higher levels of sEPCR than those with BRVO and controls (respectively, 160.1 +/- 83.8, 116.8 +/- 65.2 and 111.3 +/- 60.5; P = 0.005). Moreover, 39% of patients with CRVO had levels of sEPCR more than 200 ng/mL, and only 5% of controls and 11% of patients with BRVO had similar high levels. CONCLUSIONS: Besides known classical risk factors, elevated levels of sEPCR seem to be an important candidate risk factor for especially CRVO.     

The role of axial length in central and branch retinal vein occlusion

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the axial length is a local risk factor in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The axial lengths of affected and fellow eyes of 19 patients with CRVO and 27 with BRVO and of their controls were measured with A-scan ultrasonography. The control group consisted of 17 individuals for CRVO and 25 for BRVO matched in age, sex and the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in patient groups. The results of measurements in affected, unaffected and control eyes were compared. RESULTS: The mean axial length was different among the affected and unaffected eyes in patients with CRVO and their controls (P < .05). The affected eyes had significantly shorter axial length compared to the fellow and control eyes (P < .01 and P < .01, respectively). In the BRVO group, the mean axial length did not differ among affected, unaffected and control eyes (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates a significantly shorter axial length in eyes with CRVO and not significantly shorter axial length in those with BRVO. The shorter axial length could be an additional risk factor in the pathogenesis of CRVO.     

眼球轴长与视网膜中央静脉阻塞关系的探讨

目的探讨眼球轴长与视网膜中央静脉阻塞(centralreinalveinocclusion,CRVO)的相关关系.方法采用A超测量30例CRVO患者及120例年龄匹配的正常人及白内障摘除患者眼球轴长.结果CRVO组患眼平均轴长(22.54±0.74)mm,对侧眼平均轴长(22.95±0.92)mm;经统计学处理,差异无显著性(t=2.94,P>0.05).对照组右眼平均轴长(23.45±0.66)mm,左眼平均轴长(23.56±0.95)mm,左右眼比较差异无显著性(t=1.96,P>0.05).CRVO组患眼与对照组轴长比较,差异有显著性(t=4.09,P<     

强反射点与视网膜分支静脉阻塞和中央静脉阻塞患者血脂水平和炎症指标的相关性

目的:观察强反射点（HRD）与视网膜分支静脉阻塞（BRVO）和视网膜中央静脉阻塞（CRVO）患者血脂水平和炎症指标的相关性。方法:横断面临床研究。2016年12月至2020年6月于解放军中部战区总医院眼科确诊为视网膜静脉阻塞的118例患者118只眼纳入研究。其中,BRVO 67例,CRVO 51例,并据此分为CRVO组...     

Aqueous levels of erythropoietin in acute retinal vein occlusion with macular edema

AIM: To investigate the aqueous erythropoietin (EPO) levels and associated factors in patients with acute retinal vein occlusion (RVO).METHODS:The aqueous EPO level was measured in patients with macular edema (ME) secondary to acute branched retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) or central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Aqueous fluid from cataract patients served as the control. We also evaluated whether aqueous level of EPO was associated with factors such as serum EPO level, non-perfusion area, central macular thickness (CMT), and arterio-venous (AV) transit timeRESULTS:Twenty-seven RVO patients (16 BRVO, 11 CRVO) and 9 control subjects were enrolled in the study. The aqueous EPO level (mU/mL) was higher in RVO (68.2±54.3) than that in the control subjects (12.9±5.9). More specifically, the aqueous EPO level was higher in CRVO (118.9±52.1) than that in BRVO (33.3±10.8). However, no differences were found in serum EPO levels among three groups. CMT in RVO patients had a positive correlation with the aqueous EPO level (r=0.66). Also, in terms of non-perfusion area, the aqueous EPO levels were more elevated in the ischemic subgroup than in the non-ischemic subgroup in both BRVO and CRVO.CONCLUSION:Aqueous EPO levels are elevated in patients with macular edema secondary to recent onset RVO. Patients with CRVO have higher EPO levels than those with BRVO. The aqueous EPO level in RVO has a positive correlation with CMT and is associated with non-perfusion area. These results suggest that the aqueous EPO level could be associated with retinal ischemia and may be involved in the pathogenesis of macular edema secondary to RVO.     

Pseudoexfoliation and glaucoma in eyes with retinal vein occlusion

Purpose: To evaluate pseudoexfoliation (PE) and pre-existent glaucoma in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Methods: Consecutive eyes with a diagnosis of BRVO (73 eyes of 70 patients) and CRVO (53 eyes of 49 patients) examined between July and December 1998 comprised the study eyes. Age-matched control group consisted of 384 eyes of 192 outpatients. The prevalence of PE and glaucoma were determined and appropriate statistical tests were performed. Results: PE was present in six of 73 eyes with BRVO (8.2%), 11 of 53 eyes with CRVO (20.8%) and 20 of 384 control eyes (5.2%). Two of 73 eyes with BRVO (2.7%) and 10 of 53 eyes with CRVO (18.9%) had glaucoma. Compared with the control eyes, PE was significantly more common in eyes with CRVO and coexistent glaucoma was significantly more common both in eyes with CRVO and in eyes with BRVO. Conclusion: While glaucoma seems to be a risk factor both for BRVO and CRVO, PE is a likely risk factor for CRVO.     

Relation between retinal vein occlusions and axial length.

AIMS: To evaluate the ocular axial length as a risk factor for development of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). METHODS: Ocular axial lengths were measured, by A-scan ultrasonography, in 17 patients with CRVO and 41 patients with BRVO and compared with those of contralateral unaffected eyes and 66 age matched controls. RESULTS: In 17 patients with CRVO the mean axial length of affected eyes was 22.25 (SD 0.19) mm and of unaffected eyes was 22.61 (0.13) mm. In 41 patients with BRVO the mean axial length of affected eyes was 22.89 (0.11) mm and of unaffected eyes was 22.99 (0.12) mm. CONCLUSION: These findings confirm that the axial lengths in CRVO and BRVO were significantly shorter than in the controls. This significant difference may be a risk factor in the development of CRVO and BRVO.