影响巩膜扣带术后视功能恢复因素的临床观察

目的:探讨孔源性视网膜脱离行巩膜扣带术后,影响其视力恢复的相关因素。方法:回顾性分析孔源性视网膜脱离患者102例102眼,均行一次巩膜扣带术成功治疗视网膜脱离。术后随访3～6mo,观察术后最佳矫正视力,χ2检验用于分析影响视力恢复的相关因素。结果:黄斑是否脱离、术前最佳矫正视力、视网膜脱离范围及术中是否行视网膜下放液均与术后最佳矫正视力相关(P<0.01)。黄斑脱离在1wk内与1wk以上术后视力恢复差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:黄斑是否脱离及脱离时间、术前最佳矫正视力、视网膜脱离范围和术中放液是影响术后视力恢复的重要因素,术前应详细分析病情,术中尽可能避免行视网膜下放液。     

孔源性视网膜脱离伴黄斑脱离巩膜扣带术后影响视力的因素分析

背景巩膜扣带术是治疗孔源性视网膜脱离（RRD）的主流手术之一,近年来随着手术技巧的改进,视网膜的复位率逐渐提高,术后视功能的恢复仍是备受关注的问题。目的分析RRD伴黄斑脱离患者巩膜扣带术后影响视力的因素。方法对116例116眼行巩膜扣带术的RRD伴黄斑脱离患者的临床资料和随访资料进行回顾性分析,按不同年龄、病程的长短、术前视力及视网膜裂孔情况、视网膜裂孔的位置与数目、视网膜脱离的范围及隆起度、手术过程中是否放液、玻璃体腔是否注气等分别分组后进行∥检验,并将确定的统计量与术后视力进行Logistic多因素线性回归分析,分析年龄、术前视力、病程、屈光度等多种因素与术后视力预后的关联情况。结果χ^2检验结果表明,不同的术前视力、病程长短对术后视力预后的影响差异均有统计学意义（P=0．002,P=0．009）;Logistic多因素回归分析发现,术前视力是影响术后视力恢复的独立危险因素（P=0．009）,术前视力与术后视力预后有线性相关关系（r=0．400,P=0．000）,术前视力≥0．05的患者术后视力恢复至0．4的可能性是术前视力〈0．05患者的3倍（OR=2．992）。本组患者病程≤7d、术前视力〉0．05者行巩膜扣带术后视力预后较好。结论RRD伴黄斑脱离患者行巩膜扣带术后影响视力恢复的主要因素为术前视力和病程,提示RRD伴黄斑脱离时应在7d内早期手术,最晚不宜超过10d,以免影响视功能的恢复。     

影响巩膜扣带术视网膜复位及视力恢复因素的临床观察

目的 探讨巩膜扣带术(scleral buckling,SB)治疗孔源性视网膜脱离(rhegmatogenous retinal detachment,RRD)的疗效以及影响视网膜解剖复位和视力恢复的相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月至2008年12月行sB的RRD患者72例(72只眼).术后随访6-30月,平均(13.96±8.28)月,观察术后视网膜解剖复位率、最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)及并发症.Logistic回归用于分析影响视网膜解剖复位和视力恢复的相关危险因素.结果 在眼底镜和B超检测下视网膜首次复位率为90.28%,最终复位率为97.22%;而光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)检测下的视网膜首次复位率为59.72%,最终复位率为77.78%.术后BCVAI>0.3者为62.5%.C1级PVR和多发性裂孔对视网膜复位率有显著影响(P=0.0183、0.0181 ).术前视力、黄斑脱离与否、黄斑脱离时间及PVR的程度对术后视力恢复的影响有统计学意义(P=0.0235、0.0124、0.0325、0.0357). 术后出现葡萄膜炎占13.89%,视物变形占9.72%,增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(proliferative vitreous retinopathy,PVR)进展占6.94%,黄斑皱褶占6.94%,高眼压占4.17%,复视占2.78%.术后前房深度、眼轴长度、屈光度和散光度的变化较术前差异有统计学意义(P=0.0260、<0.0001、0.0005、0.0018).结论 SB治疗RRD有良好的疗效,但C1级PVR和多发性裂孔会显著增加手术失败的风险.术前视力、黄斑脱离状态和脱离时间及PVR的程度是影响术后视力恢复的重要因素;同时,该手术可导致术后前房深度变浅、眼轴延长、屈光度和散光度向负值偏移.     

影响巩膜扣带术视网膜复位及视力恢复因素的临床观察

Objective To discuss the effect of treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD) by scleral buckling surgery as well as the relative risk factors affecting the anatomical retinal reattachment and visual recovery. Methods Seventy-two patients (72 eyes) with RRD treated by scleral buckling surgery in our hospital during January 2005 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were followed up for 6 to 30 months, an average of (13.96± 8.28) months, and observed the rate of postoperative retinal anatomic reattachment, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and complications. The Logistic regression was used to analyze the relative risk factors affecting the anatomical retinal reattachment and visual recovery. Results Retinal reattachment was achieved in 90.28% after initial surgery and the final success rate for anatomic reattachment was 97.22% assessed with ophthalmoscope and B-mode ultrasonography. But the first and final retinal reattachment rates assessed with the optical coherence tomography (OCT) were 59.72% and 77.78% respectively. Postoperative BCVA =0.3 reached to 62.5%. Retinal reattachment was affected by Grade Cl PVR and multiple breaks (P=0.0183 and P=0.0181, respectively). Preoperative visual acuity , macular detachment status and time, as well as the grade of PVR affected visual recovery significantly (P =0.0235, P =0.0124, P=0.0325 and P=0.0357, respectively). The complications included uveitis (13.89%), dysmorphopsia (9.72%), proliferative vitreous retinopathy (6.94%), macular pucker (6.94%), ocular hypertension (4.17%) and diplopia (2.78%). After SB, the anterior chamber depth, axial length, re fraction and astigmatism were all changed significantly (P=0.0260, P<0.0001, P=0.0005 and P=0.0018, re spectively) than before. Conclusions Scleral buckling is an effective technique for managing RRD, but grade Cl PVR and multiple breaks are significant risk factors for anatomic failure. Preoperative visual acuity, macular detachment status and time, as well as the grade of PVR affected visual recovery significantly. Simultaneously, the surgery could make anterior chamber depth decrease and axial extension. The refractive and astigmatic changes after buckling surgery were negative shifted.     

影响巩膜扣带术视网膜复位及视力恢复因素的临床观察

Objective To discuss the effect of treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD) by scleral buckling surgery as well as the relative risk factors affecting the anatomical retinal reattachment and visual recovery. Methods Seventy-two patients (72 eyes) with RRD treated by scleral buckling surgery in our hospital during January 2005 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were followed up for 6 to 30 months, an average of (13.96± 8.28) months, and observed the rate of postoperative retinal anatomic reattachment, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and complications. The Logistic regression was used to analyze the relative risk factors affecting the anatomical retinal reattachment and visual recovery. Results Retinal reattachment was achieved in 90.28% after initial surgery and the final success rate for anatomic reattachment was 97.22% assessed with ophthalmoscope and B-mode ultrasonography. But the first and final retinal reattachment rates assessed with the optical coherence tomography (OCT) were 59.72% and 77.78% respectively. Postoperative BCVA =0.3 reached to 62.5%. Retinal reattachment was affected by Grade Cl PVR and multiple breaks (P=0.0183 and P=0.0181, respectively). Preoperative visual acuity , macular detachment status and time, as well as the grade of PVR affected visual recovery significantly (P =0.0235, P =0.0124, P=0.0325 and P=0.0357, respectively). The complications included uveitis (13.89%), dysmorphopsia (9.72%), proliferative vitreous retinopathy (6.94%), macular pucker (6.94%), ocular hypertension (4.17%) and diplopia (2.78%). After SB, the anterior chamber depth, axial length, re fraction and astigmatism were all changed significantly (P=0.0260, P<0.0001, P=0.0005 and P=0.0018, re spectively) than before. Conclusions Scleral buckling is an effective technique for managing RRD, but grade Cl PVR and multiple breaks are significant risk factors for anatomic failure. Preoperative visual acuity, macular detachment status and time, as well as the grade of PVR affected visual recovery significantly. Simultaneously, the surgery could make anterior chamber depth decrease and axial extension. The refractive and astigmatic changes after buckling surgery were negative shifted.     

巩膜扣带术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离

目的 观察巩膜扣带术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效。方法 160例（168眼）行巩膜扣带术，术中均在双目间接检眼镜直视下定位裂孔、冷凝封闭裂孔。术后随访，观察视网膜复位情况。结果 本组病例初次手术视网膜解剖复位率94．0％。二次巩膜扣带术后视网膜解剖复位率为97．6％。结论 巩膜扣带术是治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的有效方法。合理联合视网膜下液引流、玻璃体气体填充及眼底激光光凝可提高手术成功率。     

视网膜脱离巩膜扣带手术后的视力及相关因素

目的:研究孔源性视网膜脱离巩膜扣带手术后的视力恢复情况及其相关因素。方法:对186例巩膜扣带手术后视网膜复位成功的病例进行6～12mo的随访,主要检查矫正视力和眼底。36例视力<0.3的患者行眼底荧光血管造影检查。结果:患者186例手术后视力提高104眼(55.9%),视力<0.3者79眼(42.5%)。影响视力恢复的主要因素是术前视网膜脱离的时间、脱离是否累及黄斑,术后黄斑前膜和黄斑水肿,以及患者年龄等。结论:孔源性视网膜脱离患者应尽早手术治疗,手术中避免过度冷凝和环扎带的过度收缩,减少术后并发症的发生,提高视功能。     

首选个体化巩膜扣带术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的临床观察

目的:探讨首选个体化巩膜扣带术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的临床效果。方法:回顾分析92例95眼孔源性视网膜脱离伴增生性玻璃体视网膜病变C1级以下的病例,根据裂孔位置、数目、视网膜脱离的形态等首选放液或者不放液的巩膜扣带术,个别病例辅以玻璃体腔注气术。随访时间7～48(平均10.2)mo。结果:视网膜一次手术复位成功90眼(95%),视力由术前的4.03±0.42到术后的矫正视力4.58±0.33。结论:首选个体化巩膜扣带术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离能够用最小量的手术、最小的创伤,获得较高的视网膜复位率和较好的视功能。     

巩膜扣带术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的临床观察

目的:观察巩膜扣带术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的效果。方法:孔源性视网膜脱离患者94例96眼,术中直视下定位、冷凝视网膜裂孔。91眼行巩膜表面节段性外加压,其中37眼联合环扎术,另5眼单纯行环扎术。67眼进行了视网膜下液引流术,19眼在手术结束时行玻璃体腔气体充填。结果:90眼单次手术视网膜解剖复位,首次手术复位率94%,4眼再次手术后复位,手术最终解剖复位率98%。术中及术后无严重并发症发生。结论:巩膜扣带术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离安全有效。     

孔源性视网膜脱离巩膜扣带术后持续性视网膜下液的研究进展

孔源性视网膜脱离(rhegmatogenous retinal detachment,RRD)巩膜扣带术(scleral buckle,SB)后部分患者会出现视网膜下积液延迟吸收的情况,黄斑区受累者可能对视功能的影响更显著。本文就近年来RRD术后持续性视网膜下液(persistent subretinal fluid,PSF)的流行病学、检查方法、致病因素及发病机制、治疗及预防等方面的研究进展进行综述。     

孔源性视网膜脱离巩膜外加压术后视网膜下液的研究现状

孔源性视网膜脱离(rhegmatogenous retinal detachment,RRD)是严重的致盲性眼病,及时有效的手术治疗是治愈此病的关键。目前,治疗RRD的方法有玻璃体切除术(pars plana vitrectomy,PPV)和巩膜外加压术(scleral buckling surgery)两种术式。巩膜外加压术简单、有效,是治疗非复杂性视网膜脱离的首选术式,但术后视力恢复受很多因素的影响,其中视网膜下液的存在是影响术后视力恢复的重要原因。本文主要针对RRD巩膜外加压术后视网膜下液的研究现状进行归纳。     

巩膜扣带术后早期泪膜变化的临床研究

目的观察巩膜扣带术后早期泪膜变化的临床特征及其规律。方法收集2009年3月至7月行巩膜扣带术的裂孔源性视网膜脱离的连续临床病例36例(36眼)。于术前1d,术后1d、3d、10d、1个月及3个月进行症状评分、泪膜破裂时间(break-up time,BUT)测定、角膜荧光素染色(corneal fluorescein staining,CFS)及基础泪液分泌试验(Schirmer I test,SIT)等检查,以对侧眼作为自身对照,根据临床检查结果进行评分并进行统计学分析。结果术眼:术后1d、3d,70%患者术眼出现疼痛、发痒、红肿及流泪等不适症状;BUT术后10d与术前相比平均增加5.35s,差异有显著统计学意义(P=0.001),术后3个月时80%患者泪膜趋于正常;CFS评分在术后1d减少最明显,与术前1d比较差异有显著统计学意义(Z=-4.038,P=0.001);SIT术后1d增加最明显(P=0.001),50%患者泪液分泌量大于30mm,70%患者泪液分泌量大于25mm,术后10d恢复至术前水平。对照眼:术后未出现眼部不适症状;BUT术后10d、1个月、3个月分别为(8.33±5.45)s、(8.44±4.70)s、(8.75±3.71)s,与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);SIT术后1d,17%患者泪液分泌量大于25mm,与术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术眼与对照眼组间比较,干眼不适症状、BUT和SIT在术后1d、3d差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),CFS评分术前1d、术后1d、3d、10d差异均有统计学意义(Z=-4.247、-3.174、-2.528、-1.555,均为P<0.05)。结论巩膜扣带术后早期可出现明显眼表不适症状,并影响泪液分泌及泪膜稳定性,术后3个月时术眼眼表及泪膜基本趋于稳定。     

Results of scleral buckling operations in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Within the scope of a Retinal Fellowship of one year, we evaluated the anatomic and functional results of scleral buckling operations in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Eighty Consecutive non-selected patients with a primary retinal detachment were operated by one surgeon (Retinal Fellow-ELH). In 55 eyes an encircling band and radial buckle(s) were placed, the other 25 eyes were treated with a segmental buckle or a combination of both. In 62 eyes subretinal fluid was drained, and in 57 eyes air or SF-6 gas was injected. The anatomic success rate after one operation was 81% (65/80 eyes) and the final success rate was 99%. 38/65 (58%) of the eyes obtained a best corrected post-operative visual acuity of 0.4. The most important cause of re-detachment was Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR; 11%). Pre-operative variables that yielded an unfavourable outcome in this study were: PVR, pseudophakic eye, larger breaks, more than one break, longer duration of the detachment, and 3 or more quadrants of detachment. Our anatomic success rate and risk factors are in agreement with findings described in the literature, yet we had a high rate of PVR and many patients with a low visual acuity (58% 0.3) pre-operatively.     

视网膜脱离复位后的振荡电位观察

目的：应用视觉电生理技术观察孔源性视网膜脱离复位术后的振荡电位变化，了解术后视网膜的微循环改善情况。方法：选用美国LKC公司UTAS－E2000型电生理仪，按照国际标准化建议对73例孔源性视网膜脱离患者在巩膜扣带术术前，术后记录振荡电位，术后随访个月。选择43例为对照组。结果：视网膜脱离后，振荡电位振幅明显下降，子波数减少，手术复位后1个月，子波数增加，但振荡电位的总振幅在随访期间无明显变化，仅在术后5个月有缓慢增长趋势。一些病例可在术后远期出现改变。结论：视网膜脱离复位后，其微循环在短期内有一定程度的恢复，与手术方法及视网膜的病理损害有关。     

简单孔源性视网膜脱离外路手术后视网膜再脱离原因分析

目的:分析简单孔源性视网膜脱离外路显微手术后视网膜再脱离的主要原因,根据这些原因采取有效的预防措施,提高手术的成功率。方法:对15例15眼简单孔源性视网膜脱离外路显微手术后视网膜再脱离的患者进行分析,查找视网膜再脱离的主要原因。所有视网膜再脱离患者增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)≤B级。结果:术后随访1a,简单孔源性视网膜脱离外路显微手术后视网膜再脱离15例15眼患者中,出现新裂孔7眼(46.7%);原裂孔未能封闭4眼(26.7%);遗漏裂孔2眼(13.3%);脉络膜脱落1眼(6.7%);PVR1眼(6.7%)。结论:简单孔源性视网膜脱离外路显微手术后视网膜再脱离的主要原因为:出现新裂孔、原裂孔未能封闭、遗漏裂孔。     

显微外路和传统外路手术治疗视网膜脱离的临床比较

目的：观察显微外路和传统外路手术治疗裂孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效。
　　方法：裂孔源性视网膜脱离患者46例46眼,其中26例行显微外路视网膜脱离手术(显微组),20例行传统外路视网膜脱离手术(传统组),由同一手术者完成。回顾分析其临床资料,对比两组的临床情况及疗效。
　　结果：显微组和传统组患者手术方式选择、冷凝反应、裂孔封闭情况和一次手术视网膜复位情况的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。显微组患者术后1mo的最佳矫正视力情况较术前改善,其术后视力提高率较对照组高(P<0.05)。结论：显微外路视网膜脱离手术与传统外路视网膜脱离手术治疗裂孔源性视网膜脱离的手术效果相近,显微外路视网膜脱离手术在改善患者视力方面略有优势。