骶骨肿瘤侵犯骶髂关节的CT及MRI表现

目的 分析良、恶性骶骨肿瘤侵犯骶髂关节的CT及MRI表现。方法 观察51例骶骨肿瘤对骶髂关节侵犯的CT和MRI表现。其中骨巨细胞瘤19例,神经鞘瘤6例,神经纤维瘤1例,脊索瘤7例,恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、小细胞肉瘤和梭形细胞肉瘤各1例,软骨肉瘤6例,尤因肉瘤2例,黏液乳头状室管膜瘤1例,转移癌6例。结果 骶髂关节受侵29例(29/51,56.86％),其中双侧骶髂关节受侵11例,单侧受侵18例。骶髂关节受侵发生率在良性肿瘤患者中为53.85%(14/26),在恶性患者中为60.00％(15/25)。CT表现为关节双侧骨质破坏、关节面消失,软组织肿块占据骶髂关节;MRI表现为骶髂关节双侧骨质信号消失,被肿瘤信号取代。结论 骶骨恶性肿瘤常侵犯骶髂关节。骶骨良性肿瘤中,骨巨细胞瘤最易侵犯骶髂关节。     

SAPHO综合征的影像表现

目的 探讨SAPHO综合征的影像学表现。方法 回顾性分析20例SAPHO综合征患者的影像学表现。结果 19例病变累及前上胸壁,X线、CT表现为骨及肋软骨硬化、肥厚,关节破坏、强直,胸骨柄、锁骨近端和第1肋软骨受累,其中双侧不对称受累8例,双侧对称性受累7例,单侧受累4例。10例柄胸联合受累,6例第2肋软骨受累。5例伴有脊柱病变,X线、CT表现为多发椎体终板侵蚀、硬化,椎旁骨化,椎间隙变窄,椎体楔形变;MRI表现为椎体不均匀长T1长T2信号。3例伴骶髂关节受累,X线和CT表现为关节破坏、强直。结论 前上胸壁病变是SAPHO综合征最具特征性的影像学表现。     

CT和MRI诊断早期强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变的影像特点

目的观察CT和MRI诊断早期强直性脊柱炎（AS）骶髂关节病变的影像特点。方法选取2018年11月~2019年11月本院收治的60例早期AS骶髂关节病变患者为研究对象,其中男36例,女24例,年龄20~60岁（37.28±6.33岁）,病程4月~10年（4.80± 1.17年）。所有患者均经CT和MRI检查,比较两种检测方法影像学特点和敏感性。结果MRI检查Ⅰ级AS骶髂关节病变敏感性高于CT检查（P < 0.05）;CT、MRI检查0级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级及Ⅳ级AS骶髂关节病变敏感性比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;MRI检查关节面骨质囊变、关节面侵蚀的检出率高于CT（P < 0.05）,两组在关节间隙变宽和变窄、关键面下骨质硬化及关节软骨肿胀的检出率比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。CT检查显示,关节面骨质示锯齿状,且见多发小囊变,关节间隙变窄、模糊,受累部位多在关节中下部,MRI检查显示,关节积液呈长T1、T2信号,关节软骨炎性水肿T1呈信号,T2呈高信号;关节软骨破坏T1呈低信号,T2呈高信号,且强度不均匀。结论MRI可清晰显示早期AS骶髂关节病变情况,且异常检出率和早期诊断率均高于CT,适用于早期诊断。      

早期强直性脊柱炎62例骶髂关节病变X线诊断分析

目的：探讨早期强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变的X线表现并进行比较分析,提高对其X线表现的认识。方法：对62例临床确诊为强直性脊柱炎的X线表现进行分析,总结其X线表现。结果：24例骶髂关节面模糊及轻度硬化,关节间隙正常且受累部位在骶髂关节中下部的病例,32例骶髂关节中下部关节面骨质明显的局限或广泛骨质小囊状破坏,间隙狭窄,骨质破坏,部分增生硬化的病例,6例骶髂关节关节面融合,骨性强直。结论：骶髂关节面模糊,关节面下骨质局限性硬化及小囊状改变为其早期影像特征,对临床早期诊断具有重要价值。     

强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变应用CT和MRI检查的对比研究

目的对比分析计算机断层扫描(CT)与核磁共振(MRI)检查在强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变诊断中的临床价值。方法回顾性分析医院2015年7月～2016年8月收治的152例强直性脊柱炎患者的临床资料,所有纳入者均分别实施计算CT和MRI检查,对比两种检查方法诊断强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变分级情况及对各种征象的显示情况。结果CT诊断强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节I级、II级病变的检出率均明显低于MRI,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而两种方法在诊断强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节0级、III级和IV级病变的检出率比较,无显著性差异(P0.05);CT诊断强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节关节面侵蚀、关节面下骨质囊变、腰5骶1关节突病变和软组织肿胀的检出率均远低于MRI诊断(P0.05),两种方法在诊断关节面增生硬化、关节间隙下增宽、关节强直方面的检出率比较,无显著性差异均(P0.05)。结论诊断强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变,采用MRI检查对早期病变和征象的检出率远高于CT,MRI检查的临床价值更高。     

MRI和X线在强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变的诊断价值分析

目的:探讨MRI与X线在强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变的诊断价值分析。方法:回顾收集本院强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变患者,临床资料选择符合本研究纳入及排除标准的87例患者,比较MRI及X线的诊断价值。结果:X线诊断强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变程度Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级例数依次为23例、33例、22例、9例,与MRI诊断的骶髂关节病变严重程度25例、27例、28例、7例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在骶髂关节局灶性斑点状脂肪沉积判断中,X线诊断等级与MRI脂肪诊断等级有一定相关性(rs=0.840,P<0.05);X线在关节面骨质囊变、关节面侵蚀、关节面软骨肿胀的检出率依次为43.68%、60.92%、2.3%,均显著低于MRI的67.82%、89.66%、13.79%(P<0.05),但两种检测方法在关节面间隙狭窄检测方面则无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:针对骶髂关节病变严重或症状突出的患者,X线与MRI均有较高的疾病检出率,但对关节面骨质囊变、关节面侵蚀、关节面软骨肿胀方面,MRI优势明显。     

强直性脊柱炎64例骶髂关节病变CT表现分析

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变的CT诊断与鉴别诊断。方法对郑州市第七人民医院临床确诊的64例强直性脊柱炎的CT片进行回顾性分析。结果 64例骶髂关节均有不同程度的异常改变。6例表现为单侧骶髂关节间隙增宽,髂骨侧关节面毛糙伴骨质硬化,36例表现为双侧骶髂关节髂骨侧硬化、毛糙,邻近骨质不同范围骨质硬化,关节面下可示小囊状透亮影。16例双侧骶髂关节面毛糙、硬化,呈锯齿样改变,关节间隙假性增宽或缩窄。6例双侧骶髂关节间隙消失,骨小梁贯通,形成骨性强直。结论强直性脊柱炎CT检查对病变细节显示清楚,对早期病变更具有敏感性。双侧骶髂关节CT平扫对早期发现强直性脊柱炎的骶髂关节病变有着重要意义。     

强直性脊柱炎早期CT表现——白边征

目的 探讨强直性脊柱炎患者中骶髂关节白边征的形态学表现及临床意义。 方法 收集92例强直性脊柱炎患者,均接受骶髂关节CT检查,分析其影像学表现,并进行统计学分析。 结果 白边征表现为CT图像上骶髂关节髂骨关节面骨皮质带状、不均匀骨质致密区,骨缘不光滑。92例中,双侧骶髂关节受累84例(84/92,91.30%),单侧骶髂关节受累8例(8/92,8.70%);单纯髂骨面受累73例(73/92,79.35%)。骶髂关节炎Ⅰ级19例(19/92,20.65%),其中白边征9例(9/19,47.37%);Ⅱ级24例(24/92,26.09%),其中白边征13例(13/24,54.17%);Ⅲ级35例(35/92,38.04%),Ⅳ级14例(14/92,15.22%),均未见白边征。Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级及Ⅲ级以上骶髂关节炎中白边征出现率的差异有统计学意义(χ²=33.218,P<0.001)。 结论 骶髂关节白边征是AS的早期CT征象,可以考虑将其作为骶髂关节炎分级的参考指标。     

MRI诊断强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变价值

目的探讨MRI在强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析84例强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变患者的MRI影像资料。结果 MRI诊断强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变0级2例,Ⅰ级43例,Ⅱ级23例,Ⅲ级14例,Ⅳ级2例;Ⅰ~Ⅱ级MRI表现为骨质关节面模糊粗糙、骨髓水肿、骨质软骨受损等,在T_1WI、T_2WI、短时反转恢复序列多表现为低信号或等信号;Ⅲ~Ⅳ级MRI上炎性病变表现较明显,可见骨髓水肿、骨质软骨受损、滑膜厚度增加及脂肪沉积等,T_1WI、T_2WI多为高信号,短时反转恢复序列上信号不均匀和不完整。结论 MRI可早期观察骶髂关节滑膜和周围软组织的病变情况,在强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变早期诊断中具有重要价值。     

MRI与螺旋CT用于强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变诊断价值对比研究

目的探讨MRI与螺旋CT在强直性脊柱炎(AS)骶髂关节病变诊断中的应用价值。方法选择河南省商丘市柘城县人民医院2012—2015年诊治的100例强直性脊柱炎患者,患者均在同日完成MRI和螺旋CT骶髂关节扫描,观察两种诊断方式在骶髂关节病变程度上的不同表现。结果CTⅠ级AS骶髂关节病变诊断率为15.0%,MRIⅠ级AS骶髂关节病变诊断率为36.0%,MRI明显高于CT诊断率,二者比较,差异有统计学意义,P0.05(χ~2=5.826);在0级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级AS骶髂关节病变的诊断方面,二者比较,差异无统计学意义,P0.05。CT对关节面侵蚀、关节面增生硬化的诊断明显高于MRI,二者比较,P0.05,MRI对骶髂关节突病变、骨髓水肿的诊断明显高于CT,二者比较,P0.05,在关节间隙狭窄或增宽的诊断中,二者比较差异无统计学意义,P0.05。结论MRI与螺旋CT在诊断强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节病变方面优势各异,MRI有利于骶髂关节及其附属结构病变的检出,CT有利于关节病变整体评估的检出,临床中可以选择性应用。     

Fluoroscopy-guided Sacroiliac Joint Injections with Phenol Ablation for Persistent Sacroiliitis: A Case Series

Abstract: In this article we are reporting on the use of fluoroscopy‐guided 6% Phenol injections for the ablation of the sacroiliac joints (SIJs), utilizing retrospective review of case reports. We reviewed 10 patients (7 male and 3 female) who have known sacroiliitis proven by fluoroscopically guided sacroiliac joint (SIJ) injection (age ranged from 25 to 78). They all had 2 to 4 weeks of relief after the injections utilizing Bupivacaine 0.5% and 80 mg of depomedrol. They all had repeat fluoroscopy‐guided injections of the SIJs with neurolysis of either a unilateral SIJ or bilateral SIJs using 6% Phenol. Phenol 6% with saline 2.5 cc per joint was injected; the needle was cleared with local anesthetic before removing it from the joint. Twenty percent of the patients had a greater than 70% improvement with an average duration of 24 weeks. Sixty percent of the patients had a 50% to 70% improvement with an average duration of 20 weeks. Ten percent had a 20% to 50% improvement with a total duration of 12 1/2 weeks. Ten percent had a less than 20% improvement. With intra‐articular injections of phenol for the ablation of the SIJs, we have found a significant improvement in pain relief accompanied by prolonged duration of relief.     

Sacroiliac joint fusion and the implications for manual therapy diagnosis and treatment

The present paper examines gender differences and changes in prevalence of ankylosed sacroiliac joint (SIJ) with age. SIJs of 287 patients (159 males and 128 females), aged 22-93 years, were examined for fusion, using 3-D CT images. Presence, side and location of the fusion along the joint borders were recorded. Fusion of the SIJ was found to be gender and age dependent; present in 27.7% of all males in contrast to only 3.0% in females (p<0.001). The phenomenon increased with age in the male population from 5.8% in the 20-39 age cohorts to 46.7% in the 80+ cohort. As mobilization and/or manipulation of a dysfunctional SIJ are common procedures used by manual therapists, the effect that aging has on SIJ mobility requires therapists to alter or change their method with advancing age.     

超声与CT融合成像在定位强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节炎性血流信号中的价值

目的应用超声与CT融合成像对强直性脊柱炎(AS)患者骶髂关节区探及异常低阻血流信号的位置进行判断,探讨其临床应用价值。方法对84例AS患者实施经骶髂关节3对骶骨后孔层面(level)的超声与CT图像融合,并对图像融合成功者行多普勒超声检查。对两具骨盆标本实施骶髂关节系统解剖及断层解剖,根据其解剖学特点,对AS患者3个level层面处探及的低阻血流信号的位置进行分类,以此判断其组织来源。结果成功实施图像融合的AS患者中,level 1~3层面探及低阻血流信号的关节数分别为128个、105个和61个。3个level层面间炎性血流信号位置按关节内及周围定位的分布情况比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=9.101,P=0.011)。结合融合图像及解剖学研究结果,level 1和level 2层面探及低阻血流信号多定位于关节韧带部(128/128、98/105);而level 3层面血流信号多定为于滑膜部(39/61);仅少数位于level 2(2个)及level 3(10个)层面处于滑膜部及韧带部交界处的血流信号在融合图像下无法精确定位。3个level层面间炎性血流信号根据解剖学类型定位情况比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=174.607,P<0.01)。结论大多骶髂关节后部超声测得的异常血流信号可通过超声与CT融合成像准确地定位于关节韧带部或滑膜部,提示为不同的炎症类型;该低阻血流信号可作为评价AS的可靠指标之一。     

Evaluation of the presence of sacroiliac joint region dysfunction using a combination of tests: a multicenter intertester reliability study

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The authors examined the intertester reliability of assessments made based on a composite of 4 tests of pelvic symmetry or sacroiliac joint (SIJ) movement that are advocated in the literature for identifying people with SIJ region dysfunction. "Sacroiliac joint region dysfunction" is a term used to describe pain in or around the region of the joint that is presumed to be due to malalignment or abnormal movement of the SIJs. SUBJECTS: Sixty-five patients with low back pain and unilateral buttock pain were seen in 1 of 11 outpatient clinics. METHODS: Thirty-four therapists, randomly paired for each subject, served as examiners. Kappa coefficients and observed proportions of positive (Ppos) and negative (Pneg) agreement were calculated to estimate reliability. RESULTS: For the composite test results, percentages of agreement ranged from 60% to 69%, kappa coefficients varied from.11 to.23, and Ppos was lower than 50%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Reliability of measurements obtained with the 4 tests appears to be too low for clinical use. Given the measurement error found in this study, the authors suspect it is likely that either the proper treatment technique will not be chosen based on the test results or the intervention will be applied to the wrong side. The 4 tests probably should not be used to examine patients suspected of having SIJ region dysfunction, although the role of therapist training in use of the procedures is unclear.     

SAPHO综合征累及骨及关节99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT显像表现

目的 观察⁹⁹Tc^m-MDP SPECT/CT显像所示滑膜炎、痤疮、脓疱病、骨肥厚及骨炎(SAPHO)综合征累及骨与关节表现。方法 回顾性分析69例SAPHO综合征患者⁹⁹Tc^m-MDP SPECT/CT资料,以聚类分析法评估SAPHO综合征累及骨、关节模式。结果 根据聚类分析,SAPHO所致骨与关节病变可分为肋骨型(n=19)、脊柱型(n=32)和胸锁关节型(n=18)。共于19例肋骨型检出145处病灶,包括60处肋骨病灶及95处其他病灶,半数以上呈低、中度摄取;半数呈溶骨性骨质破坏、边缘呈低度摄取;少数肋骨密度无明显改变。脊柱型多累及中轴骨 (27/32,84.38%);椎体病变多累及一侧肋椎关节、呈连续性分布及低、中度摄取。胸锁关节型均累及胸锁关节,半数以上病灶位于胸锁关节并呈高度摄取,以"牛头征"和"半牛头征" 为典型表现,多见骨质增生硬化、骨皮质肥厚。结论 SAPHO综合征累及骨关节可分为肋骨型、脊柱型及胸锁关节型。全身骨显像缺乏"牛头征"或"半牛头征"等典型表现时,结合临床表现及SPECT/CT融合显像有助于诊断。     

Age, body mass index, and gender differences in sacroiliac joint pathology

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the correlation between age, gender, and body mass index as they relate to sacroiliac joint pathology diagnosed by dual comparative local anesthetic blocks. DESIGN: This was a retrospective review of patients at a university spine center from August 2001 until August 2004. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-eight patients underwent sacroiliac joint (SIJ) injections with average symptom duration of 34.0 mos. Of those patients, 26.6% were found to have SIJ pain by dual injections. The average age of this group was 53.3 yrs old; for those who had negative injections, it was 46.8 yrs old (P = 0.0025). The body mass indexes for the positive and negative SIJ pain groups were 30.2 and 29.3 kg/m2 (P = 0.40), respectively. The gender makeup of the positive and negative groups showed 64.3% female and 62.1% female (P = 0.85), respectively. Smoking tobacco status was not statistically significant between the two groups, with 29.6% of smokers having a positive block and 26.1% having a negative block (P = 0.35). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest an age difference for those patients who have SIJ pain. These patients tend to be older than those without. Gender, age, and smoking status were not found to correlate with SIJ pathology.     

SAPHO综合征患者就医行为及误诊原因分析

目的 分析SAPHO综合征患者的临床特征、就医行为及误诊原因,提高SAPHO综合征的临床诊治水平.方法 对2013年6月—2020年11月收治的32例SAPHO综合征的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 32例SAPHO综合征平均年龄为45.25岁,平均病程为100.16个月,皮肤(96.88％)、脊柱(65.62％)、骨(...     

Schmerzen und Funktionsstörungen des Iliosakralgelenks bei Bandscheibenvorfällen der unteren Lendenwirbelsäule

Back and leg pain in patients with lumbar disc herniation can be caused by various mechanisms. In addition to nerve root compression, functional alterations in the sacroiliac joint, facet joint or the iliolumbar and sacrotuberal ligaments can produce "pseudoradicular" lower back syndrome. The following study attempts to show whether or not pain and functional alterations in the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) correlate with herniations revealed by computed tomography (CT). The study also attempts to determine the correlation between pain and functional changes of the SIJ and the size and level of the disc herniation. Fifty patients with monosegmental disc herniations revealed by CT who showed no signs of bone or soft tissue alterations were included in this study. The average duration of the patients' complaints of leg or back pain was 5.7 years. Ninety-six percent of these patients had received conservative treatment before admission to our hospital. All patients were compared to a control group consisting of 16 healthy subjects of comparable age. All patients underwent a comprehensive functional, neurologic and radiologic examination. The CTs were analyzed by a standardized three-dimensional method. All of the 50 patients had sciatica complaints and a disc herniation revealed by CT. In two cases hemiation of the L3-4 disc was demonstrated, in 14 cases L4-5 disc herniation and in 34 cases a L5-S1 disc herniation. In contrast to the control group of 15 healthy subjects, the patients showed a significant number of functional disorders upon examination. In 84% of all patients, movement of the SIJ was restricted. Painful palpation of the symphysis was demonstrated in 46% of all cases. Thirty-five percent of patients with herniation of L4-5 disc demonstrated SIJ tenderness as opposed to 65% of the patients with herniation of the L5-S1 disc. This SIJ tenderness did not correlate with motion of the SIJ. In addition, SIJ motion and frequency of sensory dysfunction showed no correlation with the size of the disc herniation. Paralysis and loss of reflexes showed a positive correlation with the increasing size of the disc herniation. SIJ tenderness decreased as the size of the herniation increased. Dysfunction of the ipsilateral SIJ is explained by increased muscular tone caused by irritation of the n. sinuvertebralis and its lumbar coupling. Frequency of SIJ tenderness is significantly higher in patients with herniations between L5 and S1. Since the SIJ is innervated by the r. dorsalis of the sacral roots, the increased tenderness can be explained by the change in neurovegetative innervation of the SIJ. Due to the high correlation between lumbar disc herniation and SIJ dysfunction, disc herniation should be considered as a possible cause of sacroiliac-joint syndrome.