An examination of the reciprocal associations between physical activity and anxiety,depressive symptoms,and sleep quality during the first 9 weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium

During the initial outbreak of the global COVID-19 pandemic, many countries imposed a total lockdown (containment at home). Although it was still allowed in Belgium to be physically active or exercise with people from your household in the vicinity of your home, engaging in sports or physical activity in a group or club context was no longer permitted. To examine whether a lack of physical activity was potentially threatening to the mental well-being of citizens and vice versa, the present study examined concurrent and reciprocal relationships between physical activity and anxiety, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality during the COVID-19 lockdown in a 9-week longitudinal design. In a sample of 983 Belgian adults (75.1% female; M_age = 43.78, range = 18–82 years), we explored these relationships at both the between- and within-person levels through random intercept cross-lagged panel models. The findings indicate that more physical activity was associated with lower symptoms of anxiety and depression and better sleep quality, a finding observed both at the between-person (across weeks; β_anxiety = −0.25, β_depression = −0.30, β_{sleep quality} = 0.24, p < .001) and within-person level (within weeks; β_anxiety = −0.10, β_depression = −0.14, β_{sleep quality} = 0.11, p < .05). Moreover, at the within-person level, an increase in feelings of anxiety and depression at one moment predicted lower levels of physical activity one week later (β_anxiety = −0.04, β_depression = −0.06, p < .05). Since poor mental health poses a threat to the maintenance of physical activity, the current findings suggest that it is critical to invest in the mental health of individuals during distressing times.     

Objectively measured sedentary time and associations with insulin sensitivity: Importance of reallocating sedentary time to physical activity

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to quantify associations between objectively measured sedentary time and markers of insulin sensitivity by considering allocation into light-intensity physical activity or moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA).MethodsParticipants with an increased risk of impaired glucose regulation (IGR) were recruited (Leicestershire, United Kingdom, 2010–2011). Sedentary, light-intensity physical activity and MVPA time were measured using accelerometers. Fasting and 2-hour post-challenge insulin and glucose were assessed; insulin sensitivity was calculated by HOMA-IS and Matsuda-ISI. Isotemporal substitution regression models were used. Data were analysed in 2014.Results508 participants were included (average age = 65 years, female = 34%). Reallocating 30 min of sedentary time into light-intensity physical activity was associated a 5% (95% CI 1, 9%; p = 0.024) difference in Matsuda-ISI after adjustment for measured confounding variables. Reallocation into MVPA was associated with a 15% (7, 25%; p < 0.001) difference in HOMA-IS and 18% (8, 28%; p < 0.001) difference in Matsuda-ISI. Results for light-intensity physical activity were modified by IGR status with stronger associations seen in those with IGR.ConclusionsReallocating sedentary time into light-intensity physical activity or MVPA was associated with differences in insulin sensitivity, with stronger and more consistent associations seen for MVPA.     

Psychological symptoms associated with self-reported events of COVID-19 contact,symptoms, or diagnosis: a large community-based survey among adults in Quebec,Canada

ObjectivesPsychological consequences of COVID-19 contact, symptoms, or diagnosis are being increasingly reported. Few studies have examined the psychological effects tied to these events, using an unaffected comparison group. Most did not consider confounding factors like fear and stigma. This study aims to (1) identify individual characteristics associated with COVID-19 contact/symptoms or diagnosis and (2) examine the independent association between COVID-19 contact/symptoms or diagnosis and psychological symptoms.MethodsFrom September 2020 to February 2021, 20,327 adults participated in community-based surveys in Quebec. Using repeated cross-sectional online questionnaire, data were collected on probable generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depression episode (MDE), using the GAD-7 and the PHQ-9 scales, respectively. Self-reported events of (1) contact with a case or symptoms of COVID-19, and (2) diagnosis of COVID-19 were examined, along with several sociodemographic and pandemic-related factors.ResultsCOVID-19 contact, symptoms, or diagnosis was more frequent in young adults, healthcare or social services workers, adults living with children, and those reporting a greater sense of threat, stigma, financial losses, or daily stress. COVID-19 contact or symptoms and diagnosis were associated with probable MDE relative to the unaffected group (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.12–1.39 and aOR:1.82, 95% CI: 1.48–2.2, respectively). Suicidal thoughts and psychomotor retardation were the symptoms most closely associated with a COVID-19 diagnosis.ConclusionResults from this study stress the need for better understanding, recognition, and support for people suffering from psychological symptoms following a COVID-19 diagnosis.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎期间大学生睡眠质量与焦虑、压力和心理困扰的关系

目的 探讨新冠肺炎疫情期间大学生睡眠质量与焦虑、压力和心理困扰的关系,为突发公共卫生事件期间的睡眠与心理指导提供依据。方法 于2020年2月9—11日采用滚雪球抽样方法,以“微信”APP为传播媒介,在全国进行72 h线上问卷调研。采用t检验、Pearson相关和多元线性回归分析大学生睡眠质量、焦虑、压力与心理困扰之间的关系。结果 共纳入1 865名大学生,平均年龄为（20.70±1.48）岁,男生占33.73%。睡眠质量差、焦虑、压力和心理困扰检出率分别为5.14%、6.81%、2.90%和15.71%。睡眠质量与心理健康及其各维度均呈正相关（P<0.01）。焦虑、压力和心理困扰均为睡眠质量的影响因素（决定系数R²=0.59）。结论 焦虑、压力与心理困扰会加剧大学生睡眠质量差的症状。合理调节突发公共卫生事件中的负性情绪,有利于提高大学生的睡眠质量。     

But that's who I Am: The inability to enact physical activity identity is associated with depression and anxiety symptoms

There is strong evidence to suggest that physical activity reduces depression and anxiety symptoms, and recently there have been calls to consider the role of psychological determinants of physical activity behaviour as part of this effect. We investigated whether a person's physical activity identity moderated the impact of physical activity on depression and anxiety symptoms. Participants aged 19–33 years (N = 97; M = 21.8; 50.5% female, 44.3% Caucasian) self-reported their physical activity identity then wore activity monitors for six days. On the seventh day, participants self-reported their depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms. Multiple linear regression models were conducted to determine whether physical activity identity moderated the link of physical activity with prospective depression and anxiety symptoms. For people who had physical activity identity scores greater than 1.51 SD more than M, physical activity and depression symptoms were negatively associated. For people with a physical activity identity score greater than 0.52 SD more than M, physical activity and anxiety symptoms were negatively associated. For those with a strong physical activity identity, not being physically active was associated with more prospective depressive and anxiety symptoms although the effect sizes were small. It may be that there are negative mental health impacts of not being physical active for those with strong physical activity identities. Physical activity interventions targeting mental health outcomes may need to be tailored for a person's identity and provide support when people do not engage with the physical activity behaviour that they value as part of their identity standards.     

医学生新型冠状病毒暴露与抑郁焦虑及社会支持的关系

目的了解新型冠状病毒(简称"新冠病毒")疫情期间中国医学生社会支持状况以及新冠病毒暴露与抑郁、焦虑之间的关系,为医学生心理健康干预工作提供参考。方法采取方便取样方法,选取我国32个省、自治区、直辖市(缺香港、澳门)的本科医学生为研究对象5 593名在校医学生为研究对象,采用社会支持评定量表、病人健康问卷抑郁量表、广泛性焦虑量表进行调查。结果社会支持得分男生低于女生(t=-4.36,P<0.05),大三大四年级学生低于其他年级学生(F=4.84,P<0.05)。新冠病毒暴露与抑郁、焦虑均呈正相关(r值分别为0.05,0.06,P值均<0.01),新冠病毒暴露、抑郁、焦虑与社会支持均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.05,-0.25,-0.19,P值均<0.01)。控制性别、年级的影响后,社会支持在新冠病毒暴露与抑郁关联中的中介效应占总效应的26.6%,主观支持、支持利用度中介效应占比分别为32.3%,25.7%;社会支持在新冠病毒暴露与焦虑关联中的中介效应占总效应的20.0%,主观支持、支持利用度中介效应占比分别为15.9%,12.2%。结论社会支持在新冠病毒暴露与抑郁、...     

新型冠状病毒肺炎相关歧视现状调查

目的  描述与新型冠状病毒肺炎相关的歧视现象, 并探讨其影响因素。 方法  采用自行设计的电子问卷调查新型冠状病毒肺炎相关的歧视现象。通过Logistic回归分析模型分析歧视的影响因素。 结果  在湖北省内人员返程问题上, 有67.2%的学生认为存在偏见。在非湖北籍或湖北省外学生中, 歧视湖北籍或湖北省内人员者占7.0%, 认为“由于担心病毒传播而产生的歧视是可以理解的, 但感到沮丧”者占64.9%, 53.1%的学生认为社会上对病毒感染确诊或疑似者的歧视严重。在湖北籍或湖北省内学生中, 感受到歧视者占22.3%, 认为“由于担心病毒传播而产生的歧视是可以理解的, 但感到沮丧”者占59.7%。年龄、性别、籍贯、学校所在地、假期居住地和教育程度均与歧视现象有关(均有P < 0.05)。 结论  在高校学生看来, 新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间对湖北人的歧视现象客观存在, 应及时采取措施消除污名化。     

Living with the aftermaths of a stroke in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic; the significance of home and close surroundings

Stay-at-home recommendations to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 virus have had a major impact on people's everyday lives. However, while the evidence indicates that such recommendations have caused distress, anxiety, and fear among the public, little is known about how persons living with complex health conditions, e.g., disability after stroke, have experienced and handled the situation. We interviewed fourteen participants (7 women, 7 men) aged 61–91 years living in ordinary housing during summer 2020 to explore how people who recovered after a stroke experienced their everyday lives in their homes and close surroundings during the COVID-19 pandemic recommendations. Three intertwined themes were constructed from the narrative data and the iterative thematic analysis: (1) Places within and out of reach, (2) Upholding activities–strategies and structures, and (3) Adapting to new circumstances. The findings suggest that places within reach were important to maintain activities and provide structure in daily life. The participants seemed to make use of their previous experiences of adjusting to new circumstances after stroke when adapting to living under the stay-at-home recommendations. In addition, feeling that they now shared the restrictions with all other people in society seemed to ease their situations. Access to nature and spaces in the close surroundings was essential for staying socially connected and receiving support in daily life. The significance of the home and the neighbourhood for health experiences among people who recently have had a stroke should inform rehabilitation interventions both during and after pandemics and environmental planning.     

Working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic and its longitudinal association with physical activity and sedentary behavior

ObjectiveWorking from home during the COVID-19 pandemic has affected many workers’ daily life and possibly their physical activity behavior. We studied the longitudinal association of working from home during the pandemic with physical activity and sedentary behavior.MethodsLongitudinal data from 17 questionnaire rounds of the Lifelines COVID-19 cohort (March 2020–February 2021) were used. In total, 33 325 workers were included. In every round, participants reported their current work situation: location, home, or hybrid (working on location and from home). Physical activity levels and sedentary behavior before and during the pandemic were asked. Logistic generalized estimating equations adjusted for demographic/work/health covariates were used to study the association of work situation with physical activity and sedentary behavior.ResultsHome workers were less likely to meet the recommended ≥150 minutes/week of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity activity during the pandemic than location workers [odds ratio (OR) 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.90–0.96] and more likely to be less physically active than before the pandemic (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04–1.14). Furthermore, compared to location workers, home and hybrid workers were more likely to be more sedentary (sitting ≥8 hours/day) on workdays during than before the pandemic (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.39–1.64/1.36–1.68, respectively).ConclusionsCompared to location workers, home workers (and to a lesser extent hybrid workers) were more often physically inactive and sedentary during than before the COVID-19 pandemic. As a substantial part of the working population may continue to work (partly) from home after the pandemic, workers should be supported to increase activity and reduce sitting while working from home.     

Assessing the psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak and its related factors on Lebanese individuals with physical disabilities

BackgroundIn February 2020, the Lebanese authorities announced the first Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) case. Since then, the cases increased significantly, but information on the public’s psychological status and specifically individuals with physical disabilities is still limited.PurposeThe study aims to assess the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on Lebanese individuals with physical disabilities and study the associated factors.Materials and methodsThis is a cross-sectional study involving 118 individuals with physical disabilities. Each filled out an online survey with three sections: a personal questionnaire, the Arabic versions of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 and the Fear of COVID-19 scale. Data regarding participants’ baseline characteristics, fear, anxiety, and depression were collected and analyzed using the Chi-square test and regressions models.ResultsIndividuals with physical disabilities exhibited mild fear of COVID-19, with fear being correlated with age, educational level, and employment status. Furthermore, 22.9% of the population was found to be anxious, and 31.5% were depressed. Anxiety was associated with both marital status and employment status. Finally, depression was proved to be influenced by marital status, employment, and educational level.ConclusionResults extracted showed that individuals with physical disabilities require substantial attention in order to manage their psychological state during pandemics.     

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on daily life,mood, and behavior of adults with Down syndrome

BackgroundThe Down syndrome population has been disproportionately affected by Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in terms of experiencing severe illness and death. Societal efforts to curb the spread of COVID-19 may also have taken a heavy toll on the daily lives of individuals with Down syndrome.Objective/hypothesisThe goal of the study was to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has altered daily life (including residence, employment, and participation in adult disability day programs) and influenced the mood and behavior of adults with Down syndrome.MethodsBetween September 2020 and February 2021, caregivers of 171 adults with Down syndrome (aged 22–66 years) located across the United States and in the United Kingdom enrolled in the Alzheimer's Biomarker Research Consortium on Down Syndrome (ABC-DS) completed a survey.ResultsThe residence of 17% of individuals was altered, and 89% of those who had been employed stopped working during the pandemic. One-third (33%) of individuals were reported to be more irritable or easily angered, 52% were reported to be more anxious, and 41% were reported to be more sad/depressed/unhappy relative to prepandemic. The majority of changes in mood and behavior were of modest severity.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic has had widespread effects on the daily life and mood and behavior of adults with Down syndrome. In the short term, caregivers and providers should be prepared to help adults with Down syndrome with changes in daily routines, residence, employment, or adult disability day programs as society shifts away from COVID-19 safety protocols.     

Associations of objectively-assessed physical activity and sedentary time with depression: NHANES (2005-2006)

BackgroundStudies provide conflicting evidence for the protective effects of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity on depression. Recent evidence suggests that sedentary behaviors may also be associated with depression.PurposeTo examine the associations of accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity and sedentary time with depression among a population-based sample.MethodsCross-sectional study using 2,862 adults from the 2005–2006 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. ActiGraph accelerometers were used to derive both moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity and sedentary time.ResultsDepression occurred in 6.8% of the sample. For moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity, compared with those in quartile 1 (least active), significantly lower odds of depression were observed for those participants in quartiles 2 (OR = 0.55, 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.89), 3 (OR = 0.49, 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.93), and 4 (most active) (OR = 0.37, 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.70) (p for trend p < 0.01). In overweight/obese participants only, those in quartile 4 (most sedentary) had significantly higher odds for depression than those in quartile 1 (least sedentary) [quartile 3 vs 1 (OR = 1.94, 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.68) and 4 vs 1 (OR = 3.09, 95% CI, 1.25 to 7.68)].ConclusionThe current study identified lower odds of depression were associated with increasing moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity and decreasing sedentary time, at least within overweight/obese adults.     

Association between work-related changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and severe psychological distress among Japanese workers

This study aimed to evaluate the association between work-related changes caused by COVID-19 and psychological distress among Japanese workers. The cross-sectional study was conducted from August 25 to September 30, 2020. The participants were 15,454 employees who were registered as panelists with an online survey company. The Kessler psychological distress scale with a 13-point cutoff was used to measure psychological distress. Multiple logistic regression was performed. Of the respondents, 8.9% were evaluated as having severe psychological distress. Among five examined work-related changes, being laid off and changing jobs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 5.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.18–7.05), experiencing temporary workplace closure (aOR = 1.94; 95% CI: 1.67–2.25), being forced to visit the workplace for paperwork (aOR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.58–2.15), and starting telework from home (aOR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.01–1.37) were associated with increased psychological distress; no significant association was found for participation in work-related online meetings. The impact on psychological distress was greater among men, especially for being laid off and changing jobs because of COVID-19. It is important to assess and reduce negative mental health effects among workers experiencing work-related changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, taking gender differences into account.     

视力障碍青少年身体活动水平和久坐时间调查

目的了解中国视力障碍青少年日常身体活动模式和久坐行为时间,为指导学生科学合理安排作息时间提供参考。方法采用加速度计对中国西部地区某特殊教育学校78名7～23岁视力障碍青少年的身体活动水平和模式进行测量。结果男女生相比,男生身高略高、身体略重(t值分别为2.81,2.46,P值均<0.05)。基于Puyan等加速度计切点值,学生平均每天进行轻度身体活动(light physical activity,LPA)时间为(285.18±47.29) min,中等强度身体活动(moderate physical activity,MPA)时间为(141.92±57.63) min,高强度身体活动(vigorous PA,VPA)时间为(17.66±14.83) min,中高强度身体活动(moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity,MVPA)时间为(159.58±69.83) min,久坐时间为(988.38±110.18)min。98.7%的受试者达到了WHO关于青少年每天应至少进行60 min中等及以上强度的身体活动的推荐量。结论中国...     

Joint associations of multiple leisure-time sedentary behaviours and physical activity with obesity in Australian adults

Background  

Television viewing and physical inactivity are independently associated with risk of obesity. However, how the combination of multiple leisure-time sedentary behaviours (LTSB) and physical activity (LTPA) may contribute to the risk of obesity is not well understood. We examined the joint associations of multiple sedentary behaviours and physical activity with the odds of being overweight or obese.     

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on diet,fitness, and sedentary behaviour of elite para-athletes

BackgroundWith the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic the 2020 Paralympic Games were postponed, impacting the athletes’ competition schedule for the year. Due to the interrupted competition schedule and potentially decreased motivation, Paralympic athletes may be at risk for a highly disrupted training schedule, impacting their ability to prepare for the 2021 Games.ObjectiveOur purpose was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the training, diet, and fitness of Paralympic cyclists and triathletes.MethodsTwenty-four paracyclists and one paratriathlete (15 females and 10 males; age 37.6 ± 9.3 years) completed two incremental exercise tests to assess sport-specific fitness and reported their training volume and intensity for a specified week prior to the pandemic (February) and again in March, April, and May (during pandemic). Participants also reported their dietary intake and sedentary screen time prior to and during the pandemic.ResultsThe amount of time spent engaging in sedentary screen time increased from 4.5 to 6.1 h (p < .001). No effect of the pandemic was found for training volume (14.2 vs 12.5 h; p = .18), intensity (678 vs 650; p = .36), or dietary intake (p > .05). While fitness test duration was nominally increased for the second test (27.3 vs 27.9 min; p = .02), no difference was seen in fitness (average power output: 201 W vs 204 W; p = .5).ConclusionTime spent engaging in sedentary screen time activities increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but there were no differences in training, fitness, or dietary intake over a short-term (3 months), demonstrating the resilience of these athletes.     

久坐时间及体力活动与儿童超重肥胖的联合关系研究

目的 探明久坐时间(ST)、体力活动(PA)与儿童超重肥胖的联合关系,为从身体活动角度制定儿童超重肥胖的防控策略提供依据。方法 本研究采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2017年3-6月共抽取3 936名广州市7~12岁儿童。采用信效度良好的问卷评估儿童的ST和PA水平,儿童超重肥胖依据中国肥胖工作组制定的标准进行判定。每天进行课后ST≥2 h/d视为高ST,每天参加中高等强度PA≥60 min/d视为高PA;高、低ST和PA两两交叉分组后形成四组别。结果 广州市7~12岁儿童总体的超重肥胖率为21.5%。低ST高PA、低ST低PA、高ST高PA、高ST低PA四组别儿童的超重肥胖率分别为18.9%,17.8%,23.1%和22.3%。在控制了混杂因素后,与低ST高PA组儿童相比较,高ST高PA组儿童的超重肥胖风险是其1.286倍(95%CI:1.078~1.724),高ST低PA组儿童的超重肥胖风险是其1.219倍(95%CI:1.059~1.641)。结论 ST、PA与儿童超重肥胖间存在联合关系,有关部门从身体活动角度防控儿童超重肥胖时,除了考虑增加儿童中高等强度PA水平,也应多关注减少课后ST。     

Immunological responses and adverse reactions of the heterologous second booster dose of BNT162b2 after two-dose CoronaVac for COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers of Faculty of Medicine,Naresuan University

BackgroundThe first COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Thailand began in April 2020, with healthcare workers receiving two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac). However, the emergence of the delta and omicron variants raised concerns about vaccine effectiveness. The Thai Ministry of Public Health provided the first booster dose (third dose) and second booster dose (fourth dose) of the mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) for healthcare workers. This study investigated the immunity and adverse reactions elicited by a heterologous second booster dose of BNT162b2 after a two-dose CoronaVac vaccination for COVID-19 in healthcare workers of the Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University.MethodsIgG titres against the SARS-CoV-2-spike protein were measured four and 24 weeks after the second booster dose of BNT162b2 in the study participants. Adverse reactions were recorded during the first three days, four weeks and 24 weeks after the second booster dose of BNT162b2.ResultsIgG against the SARS-CoV-2-spike protein was positive (>10 U/ml) in 246 of 247 participants (99.6 %) at both four and 24 weeks after the second booster dose of BNT162b2. The median specific IgG titres at four and 24 weeks after the second booster dose of BNT162b2 were 299 U/ml (min: 2, max: 29,161) and 104 U/ml (min: 1, max: 17,920), respectively. The median IgG level declined significantly 24 weeks after the second booster dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Of the 247 participants, 179 (72.5 %) experienced adverse reactions in the first three days after the second booster dose of BNT162b2. Myalgia, fever, headache, injection site pain and fatigue were the most common adverse reactions.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that a heterologous second booster dose of BNT162b2 after two doses of CoronaVac induced elevated IgG against the SARS-CoV-2-spike protein and caused minor adverse reactions in healthcare workers of the Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University.This study was registered as Thailand Clinical Trials No. TCTR20221112001.     

Mental well-being and physical activity of young people experiencing homelessness before and during COVID-19 lockdown: A longitudinal study

BackgroundWhile lockdown restrictions in response to COVID-19 indisputably mitigated virus transmission, the aim of this longitudinal study was to establish indirect effects on vulnerable young people's mental well-being and physical activity (PA) levels.MethodsSurveys conducted at time 1 (February 2020), and time 2 (April 2020) comprised of the short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and self-reported moderate and vigorous PA levels. Repeated measures analyses established changes pre-post lockdown restrictions, and differences between sub-groups. Associations between changes in well-being, self-esteem and PA over time were explored through further regression analyses.Results65 respondents completed the survey at time 1, and 50 respondent at time 2. Wellbeing increased significantly over time, yet remained significantly lower than the population average. Self-esteem increased significantly post-lockdown, however remained significantly lower for females, compared with males. Overall, PA levels increased-whereby ‘inactive’ participants at time 1 reported significant increases in moderate and total activity levels at time 2. Increased PA levels significantly predicted increased well-being: F(1, 48) = 4.15, p < .05; while participants who had become less active accounted for 69.2% with low self-esteem at time 2.ConclusionsFindings indicate that increased PA accounted for improved mental well-being, while decreased PA was associated with reduced levels of self-esteem. PA may represent a modifiable means of mitigating risk, and promoting resilience for vulnerable young people experiencing adverse conditions.