冷冻干燥同种异体肌腱移植修复肌腱缺损

目的探讨应用异体肌腱移植修复手、足部肌腱缺损的疗效.方法手术切除缺损部位的瘢痕,移植异体肌腱,修复重建肌腱及其功能.结果本组12例,27根肌腱,术后均未见有急性排斥反应,半年后行肌腱松解术时与自体肌腱移植无明显差异.修复重建的肌腱功能均有不同程度的恢复.结论异体肌腱与残存肌腱愈合,功能恢复良好.     

同种异体肌腱修复肌腱缺损的远期疗效观察

目的总结同种异体肌腱修复肌腱缺损的远期临床疗效。方法 1996年10月-1999年9月,采用经脱氧鸟苷培养冷冻保存与超深低温处理的同种异体肌腱移植修复肌腱缺损24例。男19例,女5例;年龄12～46岁,平均25.9岁。2～5指指总伸肌腱缺损7例,示指伸肌腱缺损7例;2～5指指深屈肌腱缺损3例,环指指深屈肌腱缺损1例;2～5趾趾长伸肌腱缺损3例;长伸肌腱缺损2例;肩胛带离断再植术后肩内收不能1例。肌腱缺损范围5～15 cm。受伤至手术时间为2 h～3个月,平均1.3个月。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无深部感染及传染性疾病发生。患者均获随访,随访时间10～12年,平均10.8年。与对侧相同或相近关节比较,术后10年随访时1例4条移植肌腱有6～10°屈曲功能丢失,术后10.6年行屈肌腱松解,术中见同种异体肌腱色泽、弹性正常,直径较原肌腱减少约1/3,有轻度到中度粘连,松解术后功能改善明显;余患者关节伸屈功能良好。根据中华手外科学会手功能评价标准评定临床效果,获优12例,良6例,差6例,优良率达75%。结论脱氧鸟苷培养冷冻处理与超深低温处理的同种异体肌腱均可安全用于临床,其修复肌腱缺损的远期效果较好。     

同种异体骨关节移植与自体皮瓣转位修复手部骨关节缺损并皮肤缺损

目的；探讨同种异体骨关节移植与自体皮瓣转位修复手部骨关节缺损并皮肤缺损。方法：应用同种异体掌指、指间关节移植，可携带异体肌腱、关节囊，3种自体逆行岛状皮瓣。结果：治疗8例均获得成功。修复后的骨关节对位对线好，关节间隙存在，骨愈合好，术后3个月关节活动接近正常，皮瓣全部成活。结论：术式简单实用，损伤小，骨愈合率高，可利用异体肌腱、关节囊一期修复肌腱、关节囊损伤，并可同时修复多个关节缺损。     

冻干异体肌腱移植治疗肌腱缺损

手部肌腱缺损是手外科常见的损伤，肌腱移植是修复手部肌腱缺损的主要方法之一，传统的肌腱移植术多选用自体掌长肌腱，趾长伸肌腱为供腱，给患者带来了切取肌腱的痛苦。1998年至今我们用冷冻干燥异体肌腱移植，取得了满意效果。报告如下：     

深低温冷冻同种异体肌腱移植的远期疗效观察

手部肌腱缺损是一种常见损伤 ,约占肌腱损伤的 2 5 % ,首选的治疗方案仍是自体肌腱移植 ,但多条肌腱缺损修复时自体肌腱移植的来源受到限制。随着同种异体肌腱移植免疫学研究的进展 ,经处理的异体肌腱 ,组织抗原明显降低 ,使异体肌腱移植在临床上应用成为可能。我院自 1996年 10月～ 2 0 0 1年 10月 ,应用经深低温冷冻的异体肌腱 ,为 86例 115条肌腱缺损患者进行了移植手术 ,收到良好效果 ,现报道如下。1　资料与方法1 1　一般资料本组共 86例 ,男性 71例 ,女性 15例 ,平均年龄 2 4岁。单纯肌腱缺损 5 8例 (屈肌腱缺损 4 3例 ,伸肌腱缺损15…     

同种异体肌腱移植在手部创伤中的应用

随着同种异体肌腱移植免疫学研究的进展，异体肌腱移植逐步得到重视并广泛应用于临床。我院自2004年10月～2006年10月，应用经深低温冷冻的异体肌腱，为24例28条肌腱缺损患者进行了移植手术，收到良好疗效，现报道如下。     

雷公藤甲素对同种异体肌腱移植修复鸡肌腱缺损的作用

目的雷公藤甲素具有抗排斥作用,探讨其在同种异体肌腱移植修复鸡肌腱缺损中的作用。方法 4月龄健康清洁级雄性来亨鸡64只,体重1.9～2.3 kg,取右足第3足趾肌腱制备肌腱缺损模型并行同种异体肌腱修复。根据是否给予雷公藤甲素,随机分为两组(n=32)。实验组术后给予雷公藤甲素100μg/(kg.d),共3周;对照组正常喂养。术后观察动物一般情况,于1、2、3、4周各组取4只动物大体观察移植肌腱情况,其中1、3周取材行组织学观察、2、4周行透射电镜观察。术后3、6周各组另取8只动物采血行流式细胞学检测,取肌腱行生物力学检测。结果术后实验动物均存活至实验完成。标本大体观察显示,随时间延长,两组肌腱周围充血、水肿缓解,实验组见疏松粘连带,对照组为广泛致密纤维组织粘连带。组织学观察示,术后1、3周实验组炎性反应均较对照组轻。透射电镜观察示,术后2、4周,实验组成纤维细胞核大,常染色质丰富,异染色质较少;对照组成纤维细胞细胞质内有少量粗面内质网,腔小,内容物少。术后3、6周,实验组CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞均较对照组少,CD4+/CD8+T淋巴细胞比值低于对照组;实验组肌腱最大拉伸断裂强度大于对照组,拉断粘连带功耗小于对照组;以上指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论雷公藤甲素可以降低鸡同种异体肌腱移植中的免疫排斥反应,增强肌腱愈合强度,减轻肌腱粘连程度。     

手前臂复合软组织缺损修复与异体肌腱移植功能重建

目的 探讨手及前臂复合软组织缺损的修复与功能重建.方法 2001年5月～2005年10月,对18例前臂及手部复合软组织缺损患者一期采用胸腹部带蒂皮瓣修复缺损创面,二期采用肌腱移位加多条同种异体肌腱移植重建伤手功能,皮瓣最大为39cm×12cm,异体肌腱移植最多6条.结果 术后18例皮瓣均成活,皮瓣外形好,异体肌腱移植效果满意,伤手功能恢复良好,部分患者伤肢功能完全恢复.结论 胸腹部带蒂皮瓣加多条同种异体肌腱移植修复手及前臂复合软组织缺损具有损伤小、皮瓣外形好、方法简便、伤手功能满意等特点.     

指浅屈肌腱移植重建手部Ⅱ区腱鞘缺损

指浅屈肌腱移植重建手部Ⅱ区腱鞘缺损曾宪林蒋林杨培邦手屈肌腱Ⅱ区损伤修复后，常因粘连而影响手指功能。１９９４年以来，我科采用指浅屈肌腱修复屈指腱鞘，治疗手部Ⅱ区肌腱损伤１５例，取得了较好的效果。１临床资料１．１一般资料本组１５例，男１３例，女２例...     

同种异体肌腱移植

随着科学技术的发展 ,对异体组织储备方式、保存方法的改进以及检测手段的先进和严密 ,使异体肌腱在临床上取得与自体肌腱移植近似的效果 ;并具有容易获取、不增加切口等优点。目前对异体肌腱的临床应用和实验研究日益增多 ,均取得了重要的经验。肌腱组织是一种致密的结缔组织 ,由腱细胞、腱基质及胶原纤维束组成。胶原纤维束的排列有特定的轴向、长度和密度。腱细胞具有分泌基质及胶原的功能[1] 。大量研究表明 ,无论是异体还是自体肌腱在游离移植时都作为一个整体存活 ,并通过修复过程重建。但异体肌腱移植后的修复过程要比自体肌腱复杂 ,…     

应用同种异体肌腱加强修复治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂

目的探讨同种异体肌腱加强修复治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法2005年1月至2011年12月,对26例陈旧性跟腱断裂患者,采用同种异体肌腱在跟腱断裂两侧的正常跟腱组织冠状面钻孔环扎,加强修复断裂的跟腱。结果26例均获随访9～52个月,平均30．7个月,除1例术后伤口延迟愈合外,其余伤口均I期愈合,无全身或局部不良反应,无跟腱黏连再手术者,无跟腱再断裂发生。采用Arner—Lindholm疗效评定方法,优22例（84．6％）,良4例（15．4％）。结论同种异体肌腱加强修复治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂疗效满意,并发症少,手术操作简单,是一种可行的手术方法。     

Allogeneic Tendon Transplantation for the Treatment of Pathological Patellar Ligament Defect in Children: Technical Note and 4‐Year Follow‐Up

ObjectiveThe absence of patellar ligament will bring about a severe negative impact on daily life. Many reconstruction techniques have been described in adults. However, there is a lack of technical introduction regarding the reconstruction of the patellar ligament in children. The purpose of this study was to report a surgical technique for reconstructing the patellar ligament in children.MethodA retrospective analysis of the clinical data on a patellar ligament (tendon sheath fibroma) patient with allogeneic tendon reconstruction. An 8‐year‐old child with postoperative recurrence of left patellar ligament tumor was enrolled in our study. Anterior tibialis tendon allograft was used to reconstruct the patellar ligament after complete resection of the patellar ligament for the tumor. The tunnels were constructed on the deep surface of the tibial tubercle and the root of the quadriceps tendon (to decrease the harmful impact on patella development), respectively. The allogeneic tendon was passed through the tunnels above in the shape of “8,” and the two ends of the tendon were attached to the bleeding bone bed at the inferior edge of the patella with suture anchors to achieve better bone‐tendon healing. During the follow‐up, the knee''s range of motion and imaging manifestations were recorded.ResultPostoperative pathology suggests chondromesenchymal hamartoma, a rare benign soft tissue tumor different from the previous operation (tendon sheath fibroma). During the 4‐year follow‐up, the patient''s active range of motion of the knee achieved 0° to 120°; and the patient could walk normally without any external help. Physical examinations (the apprehension sign and J sign) showed no ligamentous instability or patellar ligament tenderness. Imaging analysis showed that the ratio length of the patellar ligament to the patella was almost normal. The integrity, continuity, and shape of the allogeneic ligament showed excellent results in MRI. Combined with clinical and imaging findings, allogeneic tendon patellar ligament reconstruction was deemed successful.ConclusionAllogeneic ligament reconstruction technique can provide a treatment option by reconstructing the extensor mechanism, minimizing the impact on patellar development, and augmenting biological healing for children with the absence of the patellar ligament.     

Reconstruction of Neglected Achilles’ Tendon Defect With Peroneus Brevis Tendon Allograft: A Case Report

This case report describes the use of a peroneus brevis allograft to reconstruct a neglected Achilles' tendon injury in a 75-year-old woman. She had difficulty walking, had stiffness, and was unable to perform a heel raise from a single-leg standing position. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a 6.8-cm wide defect 13 months after the initial injury. Surgical repair of the neglected rupture was performed using 4 strands of peroneus brevis allograft to bridge the defect. Early weight bearing and rehabilitation was allowed. At follow-up clinical examination 14 months postoperation, the patient could perform 15 full-range standing heel raises on the involved side versus 22 on the noninvolved side. Maximum calf circumference was 30.7 cm in the operated leg versus 33 cm at the noninvolved side. At 24 months postoperation the patient could perform 16 full-range standing heel raises on the injured leg versus 24 on the normal leg (33% deficit). The maximum calf circumference improved to 31 cm on the injured side compared with 34 cm on the noninvolved side (9% deficit). The AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Clinical Rating System score improved from 55 just before operation to 96 at 14 months postoperatively. The score further improved to 100 at the 2-year follow-up examination. The patient was playing recreational doubles tennis 1 to 2 times per week without symptoms.     

吻合血管大收肌肌腱游离移植修复跟腱缺损的初步报告

目的 为跟腱缺损修复提供一种新的有效手术方法。方法 通过对４２侧下肢标本解剖、观测大收肌肌腱的形态和供血的来源、走行和分布情况,设计了吻合膝降血管的大收肌肌腱游离移植修复跟腱缺损的术式。临床应用１０例,其中陈旧性跟腿缺损８例,跟腱伴皮肤缺损２例,分别采用吻合血管的大收肌肌腱和大收肌肌腱－皮瓣游离移植修复。结果 全部病例随访２～８个月,Ｔｈｏｍｐｓｏｎ征阴性１０例,双足提踵试验阴性１０例,单足提踵试     

Evaluation and Functional Assessment of Flexor Tendon Repair in the Hand

Seventeen patients with 28 flexor tendon injuries were examined after tendon repair. The current most frequently used evaluation systems, including grip and pinch strength, were compared with functional outcome as assessed by a questionnaire, evaluating Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH). Good correlation was found between Total Active Motion (TAM) and the Original Strickland test (kappa = 0.85), however with reduced categories. Only limited correlation was found between the DASH-score and TAM (r =-0.33) as well as between the DASH-score and pinch strength (r =-0.35). We suggest reporting the average Range of Motion (ROM) of the complete finger as a percentage of the contralateral finger, instead of reporting the classified result, and to include assessment of pinch strength. It would be very useful to have an accurate functional outcome assessment, but DASH proves to be insufficiently sensitive.     

临床路径指导手部屈肌腱损伤病人功能锻炼探讨

目的探讨手部屈肌腱损伤行肌腱修复术术后病人早期功能锻炼的管理及实施模式.方法将60例单纯手部屈肌腱损伤病人随机分为观察组和对照组各30例.对照组采用常规功能锻炼方法;观察组按临床路径方式制定锻炼程序指导功能锻炼.结果观察组病人患手功能恢复优良率明显高于对照组(P＜0.01).结论临床路径模式应用于手部屈肌腱损伤功能锻炼,使锻炼过程合理可行,具有计划性、预见性、连续性,使功能锻炼准确,有章可循.     

足趾甲皮瓣游离移植术在手指甲床缺损修复中的应用

目的:观察足趾甲皮瓣游离移植术在手指甲床缺损修复中的应用效果,以期为临床治疗提供参考。方法:回顾性分析笔者医院2017年5月-2019年4月收治的60例手指甲床缺损患者的临床资料,根据治疗方法的不同将其分为三组,将接受足趾甲皮瓣游离移植术治疗的20例患者组成A组,接受吻合血管神经单纯游离趾甲床移植修复术治疗的20例患者组成B组,接受断层趾甲床移植修复术治疗的20例患者作为C组。观察三组患指功能、患指修复效果及并发症情况。结果:A组术后3个月、6个月患指功能评分分别为(12.61±1.18)分、(13.12±1.28)分,患指功能恢复评分高于B组、C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组、C组术后3个月、6个月患指功能恢复评分对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。三组患指修复优良率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后随访6个月,仅B组出现1例伤口感染,未见指甲挛缩现象。结论:手指甲床缺损患者选取足趾甲皮瓣游离移植术治疗患指修复效果确切,有利于早期恢复患指功能,临床应用安全性较高。     

游离大网膜移植修复严重手外伤

目的 通过临床实践,探索一种比较简单和相对有效的治疗严重手外伤的方法,以求最大限度地恢复手功能.方法 选用部分大网膜游离移植和网膜上同时中厚植皮术修复严重手外伤伴有大面积软组织缺损.结果 1997年起应用此方法共治疗6例病人7只手,创面一期愈合.并且供区组织充足,厚薄适度,不造成供区严重损伤,随访2～8年病人没有肠粘连症状出现.结论 选用此方法修复严重手外伤术后外形不臃肿,组织柔软,并能保留部分损伤的骨关节结构,瘢痕增生不明显,有利于手内关节活动和手功能恢复.