LigaSure与超声刀在全腹腔镜子宫切除术中的应用

目的探讨LigaSure与超声刀在全腹腔镜子宫切除术中的应用价值。方法回顾分析2002年1月～2006年12月225例腹腔镜全子宫切除术的临床资料,其中应用LigaSure手术152例、应用超声刀手术73例。结果LigaSure组手术时间为（104.9±29.2）min,显著短于超声刀组（152.4±46.6）min（t=-9.329,P=0.000）;LigaSure组术中出血量为（32.9±14.9）ml,显著少于超声刀组（126.4±12.1）ml（t=-46.710,P=0.000）。2组均无中转开腹,无术中副损伤及术后并发症。结论采用LigaSure和超声刀行腹腔镜子宫切除术均安全、可靠。LigaSure在处理子宫血管方面更具有优势,超声刀在打开膀胱反折和离断主韧带方面效果理想。     

‘Use of Electrothermal Vessel Sealing with LigaSure™ Device During Laparoscopic Splenectomy’

Purpose: Main causes of conversion to open surgery are uncontrolled bleeding from splenic hilum and capsular injury of spleen during laparoscopic splenectomy (LS). We present the use of LigaSure? in laparoscopic splenectomy for hemostasis.

Material &; Method: Between January 2005 and May 2006, LS was performed in a total of 29 patients (6 male and 23 female) with a mean age of 35.44 ± 13.63. Indications for splenectomy were idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in 20 patients, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (tTp) in 2, hereditary spherocytosis (HS) in 3, lymphan-gioma in 2, hodgkin lymphoma in 1 and splenic cyst in one patient. LS was performed in the right semilateral position with three 10 mm trocars. LigaSure? was used in dissection and division of splenic ligaments and hilar vascular structures.

Results: Conversion to open surgery was necessary in one patient due to peroperative bleeding. The mean duration of the operation was 71.3 ± 19.8 minutes and the estimated blood loss was 85 ± 23 ml. The diameter and the weight of the spleen were 10.7 ± 2.68 cm and 250 ± 90 g, respectively. There was no mortality. Postoperative complications included pancreatic fistula, trocar site infection and deep venous thrombosis that were encountered in three patients. These were managed without morbidity. The overall complication rate was 10.3% (n = 3). The mean duration of postoperative hospital stay was 2.86 ± 1.59 days.

Conclusion: LigaSure? use in LS had easy application, provided sufficient hemostasis, and shortened the operative time.     

Use of Ligasure in Thyroidectomy Procedures: Results of a Prospective Comparative Study

The thyroidectomy procedure requires many manupulations to achieve prompt hemostasis. This study assessed whether the outcomes of thyroidectomy using the Ligasure electrothermal vessel sealer were comparable with the conventional suture-ligation technique. We prospectively evaluated 58 consecutive patients who underwent thyroidectomy. Patients were allocated into two groups according to their preference. There were 30 patients in the Ligasure group and 28 patients in the conventional surgery group. Complications, operating time, and hospital stay were compared between the two groups and suture-ligations performed in the Ligasure group were recorded. The age, sex, and indications were similar in the two groups (p > 0.05). Complication rates and hospital stays did not show any difference according to the techniques used. Operating time was shorter in the hemithyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy patients of the Ligasure group (mean ± SD: 77.38 ± 13.71 vs. 99.80 ± 12.53 minutes, p = 0.005; and 102.50 ± 16.69 vs.128.89 ± 19.74 minutes, p = 0.010). The mean ± SD number of suture-ligations for each patient in the Ligasure group was 1.83 ± 2.12. Thyroid surgery using the Ligasure is safe, and its complication rates are comparable to these found with the conventional surgical technique. Use of the Ligasure during hemithyroidectomy and total tyhroidectomy operations provides a significantly shorter operating time.     

Haemorrhoidectomy with Ligasure™vs conventional excisional techniques: meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Objective To compare the use of LigaSure devices with conventional excisional techniques, circular stapling and use of Harmonic Scalpel in patients with symptomatic haemorrhoids and to review literature on LigaSure technology (Valleylab Inc. USA). Method A literature review was performed using the National Library of Medicine’s Pubmed Database using the keywords Ligasure, haemorrhoidectomy, vessel sealing technology. Randomized trials comparing LigaSure with other techniques of excisional haemorrhoidectomy with valid end points were reviewed in the present article and included in a quantitative meta‐analysis. Results There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients cured after Ligasure haemorrhoidectomy or other excisional techniques (P > 0.05). Patients treated with LigaSure had a significantly shorter operative time (P < 0.001), postoperative pain VAS Score (P < 0.001), wound healing time and time‐off from work (P < 0.001), than the patients submitted to excisional techniques. Postoperative bleeding did not significantly differ between the two groups (P = 0.056); however, the surgeons observed a reduction of intra‐ and postoperative bleeding using LigaSure?. In comparison to the circular stapler and Harmonic Scalpel the authors found similar postoperative outcomes and a slightly favourable trend for LigaSure regarding postoperative complications, ease of handling and length of the procedure. Conclusion Our meta‐analysis shows that Ligasure haemorrhoidectomy is a fast procedure characterized by limited postoperative pain, short hospitalization, fast wound healing and convalescence.     

LigaSure versus conventional dissection technique in pancreatoduodenectomy: a pilot study

Background

Pancreatic surgery requires extensive preparation and tissue dissection. Therefore, LigaSure (Valleylab, Boulder, CO) provides an alternative to conventional dissection techniques. The aim of the present study was to describe the feasibility, safety, and cost efficiency of LigaSure in pancreatoduodenectomy.

Methods

Seven patients underwent surgery with the Ligasure and 7 patients underwent surgery with conventional dissection techniques. The patients were investigated for surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, mortality, duration of hospital stay, and surgery-related costs.

Results

Surgical time was 207 minutes in the LigaSure group and 255 minutes in the conventional group (P = .020). Intraoperative blood loss was 271 and 771 mL, respectively (P = .010). Other perioperative outcomes were comparable. The respective surgery-related costs averaged €4,125 and €4,931 (P = .023).

Conclusions

The use of LigaSure in pancreatoduodenectomy seems to be feasible and safe. In addition, it might lead to a reduction in the surgery-related costs.     

Laparoscopic nephrectomy using Ligasure system: preliminary experience

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The advent of laparoscopic surgery has created new technical challenges and problems. Recently, a new commercially available vessel-sealing technology, the Ligasure system, was introduced. The aim of our study was to compare the effectiveness of this new system with earlier methods in a group of patients affected by renal-cell carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A series of 30 patients underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for clinically localized renal-cell carcinoma. We always used a transperitoneal approach with a three-trocar technique. Patients were randomly divided in two groups: 15 underwent conventional laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, while 15 underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy using the Ligasure system, which is a bipolar radiofrequency generator. Information analyzed included intraoperative blood loss, operative time, conversion rate, and postoperative course. Statistical analysis was performed with commercially available software. The two groups were compared in term of clinical and pathologic variables using Student's t-test. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups for baseline characteristics. No conversion occurred in either group. Statistically significant differences were observed between conventional and Ligasure nephrectomy regarding mean intraoperative blood loss (485 mL and 100 mL, respectively; p < 0.05) and mean operative time (164 minutes and 68 minutes, respectively p < 0.05). No statistically difference was observed in the postoperative discharge time. CONCLUSION: The Ligasure vessel-sealing system seems to produce a consistent, reliable, permanent seal of veins, arteries, and tissue bundles by fusing the collagen in vessel walls. By reducing sutures and the number of instrument exchanges in the operating theatre, the Ligasure decreases operating time and blood loss. This new energy-based vessel-ligation device appears to be effective in advanced laparoscopic procedures.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy: ligasure versus EndoGIA: a comparative study

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is considered the gold standard for the treatment of hematologic disease of the spleen. Intraoperative bleeding is the main complication and main cause of conversion during LS. In this paper, we present our experience with 112 LS procedures, comparing two different techniques and instruments for spleen dissection and hilar vascular control. METHODS: We have performed a total of 112 LS procedures in 9 years in two affiliated university hospitals. There were 48 males and 64 females (median age, 32.8 years). Indications were as follows: idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in 42 patients, hereditary spherocitosis in 28, 6 with beta-talassemia, 1 with hemolitic anemia, 27 with lymphoma, 2 with leukemia, 3 with splenic cysts, and 3 PPT cases. Associated procedures were present in 25 cases (17 cholecystectomy and 4 liver/lymphnodal biopsies + lysis of adhesions). Patients were divided in two groups according to the method of dissection and hilar section (group 1, endostapler + monopolar coagulation with 38 patients; group 2, the Ligasure Vessel Sealing System (Valleylab, Boulder, CO) with 74 patients). RESULTS: Groups were well matched according to age, indications, spleen sizes, and procedures associated. Conversion rates (10 cases, 9%; 5 in each group), postoperative hospital stay (median 4 days in each group), and intra- and postoperative complications were similar in the 2 groups without any mortality in each group, while intraoperative blood loss (loss of 100 mL in 55 patients in group 2, 78%; and in 21 patients in group 1, 52%), transfusion rates (8 patients in group 1 versus 4 patients in group 2), and operative mean time (150 minutes in group 1 versus 125 minutes in group 2) were minor in the Ligasure Vessel Sealing System group, with a statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The approach to spleen dissection and hilum section was safe and efficacy in each case, otherwise the use of Ligasure results in a gain of time. Furthermore the average intraoperative bleeding and average transfusion rates of this series were lower in group 2.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy for ITP

Background: A comparison of safety, efficacy, and cost of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) vs open splenectomy (OS) for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) was performed. Methods: The records of 49 consecutive patients who underwent splenectomy for ITP (31 LS and 18 OS) at a large metropolitan teaching hospital between 3/91 and 8/95 were reviewed. Morbidity, mortality, hospital stay, operative time, blood loss, time to oral fluid intake, direct costs, and operating room (OR) costs were analyzed. Results: Age, sex, comorbidity, and spleen size were similar in both groups. LS was successful in 94% of patients in whom it was attempted. Operative times showed a learning curve for LS, with average times for the last ten cases (94 ± 35 min) significantly shorter than for the first ten (p= 0.01) and also shorter than for OS (103 ± 45 min). Postsurgical hospital stay was 2.9 ± 1.3 days for LS and 6.9 ± 3.0 days for OS (p < 0.001). Patients tolerated an oral diet 1.2 ± 0.5 days after LS and 3.2 + 0.7 days after OS (p < 0.001). Direct hospital cost was $5,509 ± 3,636 for LS and $9,031 ± 12,752 for OS. In the LS group, six patients (21%) had accessory spleens identified and removed, compared with two patients (11%) in the OS group. Platelet counts did not respond in two (7%) patients in the LS group, but no accessory spleens were identified by nuclear scan. One major complication occurred in the LS group. There were no cases of splenosis or mortality in either group. Conclusions: LS is a safe and effective treatment for ITP, with significantly shorter postoperative hospital stay than OS. Received: 26 March 1996/Accepted: 11 May 1996     

Splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Background: This study aimed to compare the safety, efficacy, and clinical benefits of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) to open splenectomy (OS) in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Methods: The results from 14 consecutive patients who underwent LS for ITP were reviewed and compared with the results from patients who underwent OS for the same disease. Demographics, concomitant disease on admission, and platelet counts were evaluated, as were details of the surgical procedure, postoperative physiologic status, and hospital stay. Results: Mean operative time was 88.3 min for OS and 146.4 min in LS group (p < 0.05). The conversion rate to open splenectomy was 7.1. Therapeutic response to splenectomy was 92.8% in the LS group and 86.6% in the OS group. Bowel canalization, return to liquid diet, and length of hospital stay were all significantly delayed in the OS group as compared with those who underwent LS (p= 0.01, p= 0.02, p= 0.005, respectively). In the OS group the morbidity rate was 13.3%, whereas in the LS group it was 7.1%. Conclusions: Laparoscopic splenectomy represents a valid alternative to conventional splenectomy in the treatment of ITP. Received: 10 October 1997/Accepted: 11 March 1998     

Splenectomy for hematologic disease. Mini-invasive versus traditional technique]

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare the safety, efficacy and clinical benefits of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) to open splenectomy (OS) in patients with hematologic disorders. METHODS: EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: prospective study; SETTING: II Department of Surgery, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, Reggio Emilia and III Department of Surgery, Santo Spirito Hospital Pescara; PATIENTS: 48 consecutive adult patients underwent splenectomy; 30 patients under-went LS and 18 OS. Perioperative characteristics, outcomes, complications and costs were comparatively analyzed. RESULTS: Mean age was 35.3 years in the LS group, and 40.8 in the OS group. Mean spleen size was 11.7 cm in the LS group and 15.2 cm in the OS group. Accessory spleens were found in 5 patients in the LS group and in 4 patients in the OS group; 4 conversions to laparotomy occurred in the LS group. A total of 4 complications occurred in 3 patients of the LS; 9 complications occurred in 5 patients of OS group. Mean surgical time was 141.5 minutes for LS and 89.7 minutes for OS (p<0.005). Mean postsurgical stay was 5.8 days in the LS group and 8.5 days in the OS group (p<0.005). Response rates were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: LS is comparable to OS in terms of efficacy and safety and it is associated with a shorter hospital stay. LS should become the technique of choice for treatment of intractable benign hematologic disease.     

4EMERGENCY LAPAROSCOPIC‐ASSISTED VERSUS OPEN RIGHT HEMICOLECTOMY FOR COMPLICATED CAECAL DIVERTICULITIS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SHORT‐TERM OUTCOMES

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the operative and short‐term clinical outcomes of emergency laparoscopic‐assisted versus open right hemicolectomy for complicated caecal diverticulitis. Methods: Between September 2001 and June 2006, 18 consecutive patients with complicated caecal diverticulitis underwent emergency right hemicolectomy at out institution, six with the laparoscopic‐assisted approach and 12 with the open approach. Clinical data were prospectively recorded and compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to age, gender, comorbidities, duration of symptoms, and Hinchey staging. There was no conversion in the laparoscopic‐assisted group. Compared to the open group, the laparoscopic‐assisted group had a slightly longer operative time (167.5 vs 150 min, P = 0.083) but significantly less blood loss (35 vs 100 mL, P = 0.041). Although the median time to first bowel motion was significantly shorter in the laparoscopic‐assisted group (3 vs 5 days, P = 0.041), the time to full ambulation and the duration of hospital stay were similar between the two groups. The postoperative complication rates (50% vs 33.3%), as well as the hospital readmission rates for complications (33% vs 0%), were higher in the open group than the laparoscopic‐assisted group, but the differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Emergency laparoscopic‐assisted right hemicolectomy for complicated caecal diverticulitis is feasible and safe in the hands of experienced surgeons. Compared with the open approach, the laparoscopic‐assisted approach is associated with less blood loss and earlier return of gastrointestinal function.     

Prior abdominal open surgery does not impair outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a case–control study in 367 patients

Aim This prospective case‐matched study was conducted to compare the outcome of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in patients with and without prior abdominal open surgery (PAOS). Method From June 1997 to December 2010, 167 patients with PAOS (including midline, Pfannenstiel, subcostal, right upper quadrant or transverse incision) were manually matched to all identical patients without PAOS from our prospective laparoscopic colorectal surgery database. Matching criteria included age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score, body mass index, diagnosis and surgical procedure performed. Primary end‐points were postoperative 30‐day mortality and morbidity. Secondary end‐points included operating time, conversion rate and length of stay. Results A total of 367 patients (167 with PAOS and 200 without PAOS) were included in this study. PAOS was associated with a significantly increased mean operating time (229 ± 66 min vs 216 ± 71 min, P = 0.044). The conversion rate was significantly higher in patients with PAOS, compared with patients without PAOS (22%vs 13%, P = 0.017). There was one (0.3%) postoperative death. The overall postoperative morbidity rate was similar in both groups (22%vs 19%, P = 0.658), including Grade 3 or Grade 4 morbidity, according to Dindo’s classification (5%vs 5%, P = 0.694). Mean hospital stay showed no difference between both groups (10 ± 7 days vs 9 ± 5 days, P = 0.849). Conclusion This large case–control study suggests that PAOS does not affect postoperative outcomes. For this reason, a systematic laparoscopic approach in patients with PAOS, even with midline incision, should be considered in colorectal surgery.     

Laparoscopic total colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis (IRA), supported by an enhanced recovery programme in cases of familial adenomatous polyposis

Aim Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is associated with an almost 100% chance of colorectal cancer by the age of 50 years. Surgery is the only prophylaxis. The study compared the outcome of prophylactic laparoscopic colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) with conventional open surgery. Method A case–control study was carried out including all cases of proven FAP undergoing prophylactic laparoscopic colectomy with IRA between 1 April 2006 and 31 March 2008 using a standardized technique within an enhanced recovery programme (ERAS). All data were collected prospectively. Controls were identified retrospectively from patients who underwent open prophylactic IRA before 31 March 2008 and were matched for age, gender, BMI and ASA. Outcomes included duration of surgery, complications, length of stay, readmission and mortality. Results During the study period 25 patients underwent laparoscopic IRA. The median operating time was longer in the laparoscopic group (235 vs 180 mins, P < 0.0001) but the median hospital stay was shorter (6 vs 9 days, P = 0.002). Overall there were fewer complications in the laparoscopic group (20%vs 40%, P = 0.3). Conclusion Laparoscopic prophylactic colectomy with IRA in FAP is safe and feasible, and combined with ERAS leads to accelerated recovery and possibly fewer complications than open surgery. FAP patients undergoing prophylactic IRA should be offered laparoscopic surgery.     

Randomized clinical trial of stapled hemorrhoidectomy vs open with Ligasure for prolapsed piles

Background The aim of the study was to compare the results in 95 patients randomly allocated to undergo either stapled or open hemorrhoidectomy using Ligasure.Methods Ninety-five patients with grade III and IV hemorrhoids were randomly allocated to undergo either stapled (50 patients) or open using Ligasure (45 patients). Stapled hemorrhoidectomy was performed with the use of a circular stapling device. Open hemorrhoidectomy was accomplished according to the Milligan-Morgan technique by using Ligasure. Postoperative pain was assessed by means of a visual analog scale (VAS). Recovery evaluation included return to pain-free defecation and normal activities. A 6-month clinical follow-up and an 18 (12-24) month median telephone follow-up were obtained in all patients.Results Operation time for open hemorrhoidectomy using Ligasure was shorter [median 13 (range 9.2-16.1) min vs 15 (range 8-17) minutes, p < 0.05]. Median range of VAS score in the stapled group were significantly lower [VAS score after 8 h: 3 (2-6) vs 5 (3-8), p < 0.01; VAS score after first defecation: 5 (3-8) vs 7 (3-9), p < 0.001. The stapled hemorrhoidectomy was associated with an increased incidence of intraoperative bleeding in 18 cases (36%) vs four cases (8.8%) of the Ligasure group. There were three cases (6%) from the stapled group with recurrence of the hemorrhoids and none from the open technique.Conclusions Hemorrhoidectomy with a circular stapler device is easy to perform, but one more line of clips must be added to the device to avoid intraoperative bleeding from the cut line. Hemorrhoidectomy performed using Ligasure is more painful postoperatively but is a more radical operation.     

Laparoscopic vs transverse incision right colectomy for colon carcinoma

Aim We investigated whether laparoscopic right colectomy has short‐term and/or oncological advantages compared with transverse incision right colectomy. Method Patients who underwent an elective laparoscopic right colectomy or an open right colectomy through a transverse incision at the VU University Medical Center or Zaans Medical Center from 2005 to 2009 were prospectively followed. Results Patient groups were comparable in terms of gender, body mass index and American Society of Anesthesiology classification. Patients in the transverse incision group were older (68 years vs 75 years, P = 0.07) and blood loss was greater during this procedure (60 ml vs 130 ml, P = 0.001), which cost less than the laparoscopic procedure (€6.033 vs€7.221, P = 0.03). Hospital stay for the laparoscopic group was shorter (8 days vs 9 days, P = 0.04), but laparoscopic procedures took longer (155 min vs 77 min, P < 0.001) and 8% of patients in the laparoscopic group were converted to a median laparotomy. Postoperative complications were comparable for both groups (28%vs 32%, P = 0.74), and in both groups a radical resection rate of 96% (P = 0.94) was achieved. At a median follow up of 20 months the incidence of incisional hernia was similar in both groups and no patient required additional surgery as a result. Overall survival at 60 months was 70% for the laparoscopic group and 67% for the transverse incision group (P = 0.84). Conclusion There are few clinically relevant differences between a laparoscopic right colectomy and a transverse incision right colectomy. Transverse incision right colectomy is cheaper. The study may be the first to compare these two techniques, but it is a nonrandomized trial and therefore has its limitations.     

Open versus laparoscopic right hemicolectomy in the elderly population

AIM:To compare short term outcomes of elective laparoscopic and open right hemicolectomy(RH) in an elderly population.METHODS:All patients over the age of 70 undergoing elective RH at Ninewells Hospital and Perth Royal Infirmary between January 2006 and May 2011 were included in our analysis.Operative details,hospital length of stay,morbidity and mortality was collected by way of proforma from a dedicated prospective database.An extracorporeal anastomosis was performed routinely in the laparoscopic group.The primary endpoints for analysis were morbidity and mortality.Our secondary endpoints were operative duration,length of hospital stay and discharge destination.RESULTS:Two hundred and six patients were included in our analysis.One hundred and twenty-five patients underwent an open resection and 81 patients had a laparoscopic resection.The mean operating time was significantly longer in the laparoscopic group(139 ± 36 min vs 197 ± 53 min,P = 0.001).The mean length of hospital stay was similar in both groups(11.2 ± 7.8 d vs 9.6 ± 10.7 d,P = 0.28).The incidence of postoperative morbidities was 27% in the open group and 38% in the laparoscopic group(P = 0.12).Overall inhospital mortality was 0.8% in open procedures vs 1% in laparoscopic.CONCLUSION:Laparoscopic RH was associated with a significantly longer operative time compared to open RH.In our study,laparoscopic RH was not associated with reduced post-operative morbidity or significantly shorter length of hospital stay.     

拓展胃后间隙在全腹腔镜近端胃癌根治术中的应用

背景与目的 近端胃癌根治术中,在处理胃短血管时易造成出血和脾脏损伤,尤其在一些脾脏上极脾胃韧带较短的肥胖患者。笔者团队前期采用胃后间隙预先拓展的手术方法,很好地解决了这一问题。本研究通过比较腹腔镜下预先拓展胃后间隙的近端胃癌根治术和常规的近端胃癌根治术的临床效果,探讨预先拓展胃后间隙的手术方法在腹腔镜近端胃癌根治术中的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析蚌埠医学院第一附属医院肿瘤外科2019年1月—2021年12月间196例接受腹腔镜近端胃癌根治术患者的临床资料,其中99例采用腹腔镜下预先拓展胃后间隙的近端胃癌根治术（研究组）,97例行常规的近端胃癌根治术（对照组）,比较两组患者的临床指标。结果 两组患者在年龄、性别、BMI、肿瘤位置、肿瘤分期、手术方式、食管空肠吻合方式等一般资料方面差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。两组所有患者均顺利完成腹腔镜手术,淋巴结清扫范围相同,无中转开腹。与对照组比较,研究组手术平均时间明显缩短［（100.3±25.8）min vs.（130.7±43.2）min,P=0.000］、平均出血量明显减少［（35.0±5.7）mL vs.（44.9±4.7）mL,P=0.000］。对照组术中发生脾脏上极损伤5例（5.2%）,研究组无术中脾损伤发生,但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组在淋巴结清扫数目、术后引流量、引流时间、术后住院时间、住院费用和手术并发症发生率方面差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。两组患者均无严重术后并发症发生。结论 预先拓展胃后间隙的手术方法在腹腔镜近端胃癌根治术中具有术中出血少,手术时间短,降低医源性脾损伤的优点,因此,推荐临床使用。     

Laparoscopic left lobe liver resection in a porcine model: a study of the efficacy and safety of different surgical techniques

Introduction  Laparoscopic liver surgery is evolving and the best technique for dividing the liver parenchyma is currently under debate. The aim of this study was to study different techniques during a full laparoscopic lobe resection, and determine the efficacy and risks of bleeding and gas embolism. Methods  Sixteen pigs were randomized to two groups: group US underwent an operation with Ultracision shears (AutoSonix) and ultrasonic dissector (CUSA) and group VS with a vessel sealing system (Ligasure) and ultrasonic dissector. A left lobe resection was performed. Transesophageal endoscopic echocardiography (TEE) was used to detect gas emboli in the right side of the heart and pulmonary artery. The operations and TEE were recorded for later assessment. Results  Compared with group VS, group US exhibited significantly more intraoperative bleeding (p = 0.02), a trend towards a longer operation time (p = 0.08), and a trend towards more embolization for grade I emboli. In total, 10 of 15 animals had emboli during the operation. Conclusions  This study showed that a laparoscopic left lobe resection can be performed with a combination of AutoSonix and CUSA as well as with Ligasure and CUSA instrumentation. In our hands, less bleeding was incurred with Ligasure than with AutoSonix. An erratum to this article can be found at     

Thyroid surgery without cut and tie: the use of Ligasure for total thyroidectomy

Total thyroidectomy is the surgical preferred procedure for the treatment of benign and malignant disease. The purpose of this research was to evaluate total thyroidectomy operation by Ligasure in comparison with total thyroidectomy by the traditional technique that uses clamp and tie. We evaluated 256 patients. In 144 patients (56%), we used Ligasure without tie for total thyroidectomy; in the remaining 112 patients (44%), we used clamp and tie. The middle values of the variables examined were inferior (P < 0.0005) in the Ligasure group compared with the clamp and tie group. Only the middle value of operating room costs was higher in the first group than in the second, balanced by a decreased hospital stay of two days. Ligasure can be safely used for total thyroidectomy, because there is a meaningful difference in the distribution of variance between the two groups. There are decreasing risks of parathyroid gland and laryngeal nerve injury in the Ligasure group.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy in children

To determine the safety and efficiacy of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) in children, a retrospective review of our preliminary experience using LS was compared to results in patients who previously underwent open splenectomy (OS). From July 1993 to January 1995, we performed eight LS procedures in six children with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and two with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was simultaneously done in one case with HS. There were 4 males and 4 females who ranged in age from 5 to 15 years—an average age of 8.8 years. Two cases in the early series required a counterincision because of bleeding. Eleven patients who previously underwent OS in our department were used to compare demographics, operative courses, and surgical outcomes. The ages, genders, diseases, body weights, and spleen weights were comparable between LS group and OS groups. The operative time for the LS group was statistically longer than for the OS group (226±24 min vs 101±8 min, P<0.001). The estimated blood loss in the LS group was similar to that of the OS group (100±39 ml vs 73±11 ml, P=0.97). There were no peri- or postoperative complications in two groups. The postoperative hospital stay of LS group was statistically shorter than that of the OS (6.8±0.6 days vs 10.4±0.5 days, P<0.001). LS provided better cosmesis and minimized trauma in children over OS. LS appears to be a safe and effective procedure in children, and is useful in the management of pediatric patients with HS or ITP.Presented at the annual meeting of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), Orlando, Florida, USA, 11–14 March 1995