吡格列酮对2型糖尿病大鼠骨骼肌脂联素受体1表达的影响

目的观察吡格列酮对2型糖尿病大鼠血清脂联素以及骨骼肌脂联素受体1(AdipoR1)表达的影响,探讨吡格列酮对2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗的改善作用及机制。方法 40只8周龄健康雌性SD大鼠,随机分为正常对照组(n=10)、糖尿病组(n=15)及吡格列酮组(n=15)。用高糖高脂饲料加小剂量链脲佐菌素建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,成模后吡格列酮组给予10 mg/(kg.d)吡格列酮灌胃,正常对照组和糖尿病组给予同体积生理盐水灌胃,共12周。3个月后股静脉取血,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清脂联素水平,留取大鼠骨骼肌,光、电镜观察骨骼肌结构,免疫组织化学染色法测定骨骼肌AdipoR1蛋白的表达。结果与正常对照组(1.73±0.32 mg/L)比较,糖尿病组血清脂联素(1.01±0.27 mg/L)水平显著降低,而吡格列酮组(1.34±0.43 mg/L)较糖尿病组显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。骨骼肌AdipoR1免疫组织化学染色正常对照组着色深且广泛,糖尿病组较正常对照组染色浅,吡格列酮组较糖尿病组染色深,但较正常对照组浅。光镜及电镜结果显示大鼠骨骼肌结构未见明显异常。结论 2型糖尿病大鼠血清脂联素水平及骨骼肌AdipoR1表达降低并导致糖脂代谢紊乱及胰岛素抵抗。吡格列酮可上调血清脂联素及骨骼肌AdipoR1的表达,从而调节糖脂代谢,改善胰岛素抵抗。     

吡格列酮对不同浓度脂肪酸培养HepG2细胞脂联素受体1和受体2mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨肝细胞脂联素受体在噻唑烷二酮类药物改善胰岛素敏感性中所起的作用。方法孵育48h的HepG2细胞随机均分为对照组、吡格列酮组、3组不同浓度（100、200、400μmol／L）饱和脂肪酸（PA）培养组和3组相应浓度PA＋吡格列酮（PGT）处理组。继续培养24h后，提取总RNA，使用RT-PCR半定量分析脂联素受体mRNA表达的改变。结果与对照组相比，PA组脂联素受体2（R2）mRNA的表达下降，当PA的浓度加至200μmol／L以上时，R2 mRNA表达的下降呈现明显差异（P〈0．01）。在PA＋PGT的各组中，R2 mRNA的表达均较同PA浓度组增高，尤其是在PA浓度大于200μmol／L时（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论R2很可能是胰岛素增敏剂吡格列酮改善肝脏胰岛素敏感性的重要作用机制之一。     

罗格列酮通过上调脂肪脂联素及其受体的表达改善去卵巢大鼠胰岛素抵抗

目的 研究罗格列酮对去卵巢大鼠胰岛素抵抗和脂肪中脂联素及其受体表达的影响,为噻唑烷二酮类药物用于防治绝经后2型糖尿病提供实验依据.方法 36只SD雌性大鼠.随机分为假手术组、去卵巢组和去卵巢+罗格列酮组;检测各组大鼠体重、血压和胰岛素敏感指数的变化.测量内脏脂肪重量,计算体脂含量;逆转录聚合酶链反应检测内脏脂肪中脂联素、脂联素受体的表达.结果 与假手术组相比,去卵巢组大鼠内脏脂肪含量和血压显著增加,胰岛素敏感指数显著降低,内脏脂肪中脂联素、脂联素受体表达显著降低;罗格列酮逆转了上述变化.结论 去卵巢大鼠胰岛素抵抗可能与脂肪脂联素及其受体的表达下调有关;罗格列酮能够上调脂肪脂联素及其受体的表达而改善去卵巢大鼠胰岛素抵抗.     

吡格列酮对2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素的影响及其意义

目的 探讨吡格列酮对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清脂联素水平影响.方法 用ELISA法检测67例T2DM患者和52例非糖尿病对照组的血清脂联素水平,用随机双盲法比较47例T2DM患者用安慰剂和吡格列酮干预治疗8 w后的血清脂联素、血糖、胰岛素抵抗(IR)水平.结果 T2DM患者组与对照组比较,血清脂联素水平降低(P<0.05);应用吡格列酮治疗后,患者血清脂联素水平显著升高(P<0.05),血糖降低(P<0.05),IR明显改善,而常规组治疗前后无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论 吡格列酮能提高2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素水平,降低血糖水平及改善胰岛素抵抗.     

高脂饲养大鼠脂肪组织抵抗素、脂联素及其受体的表达

目的阐明抵抗素、脂联素及其受体在胰岛素抵抗发生中的作用。方法30只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为对照组和高脂组。用逆转录聚合酶链反应和Southem blot方法分析抵抗素、脂联素和脂联素受体表达的改变。结果高脂组大鼠体重明显增加，空腹血糖、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总游离脂肪酸、胰岛素和HOMA胰岛素抵抗指数明显高于对照组，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显低于对照组，糖耐量和胰岛素耐量明显下降（P均〈0．01）。高脂组脂肪组织抵抗素和脂联素的表达均明显下降（P〈0．01）；脂联素受体1的表达呈下降趋势，但与对照组相比无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论抵抗素和脂联素表达的下降在高脂饮食导致的胰岛素抵抗的发生中起着重要作用，脂联素受体1水平的降低可能是脂联素敏感性降低的重要原因之一。     

复方丹参滴丸对胰岛素抵抗大鼠的保护作用及其机制研究

目的观察复方丹参滴丸对胰岛素抵抗大鼠糖脂代谢的作用,探讨其改善胰岛素抵抗的机制。方法隔日1次肌肉注射地塞米松1mg/kg诱导SD大鼠产生胰岛素抵抗,并随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、吡格列酮组、丹参注射针组及复方丹参滴丸浸膏组。给药8周后分别检测空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、一氧化氮合酶、一氧化氮、胸主动脉肌层/管壁厚度,并采用ELISA法测定脂联素浓度及实时PCR法测定大鼠骨骼肌细胞膜葡萄糖转运蛋白-4 mRNA表达。结果造模成功大鼠胰岛素抵抗指数增加,一氧化氮合酶生成减少,一氧化氮降低,胸主动脉肌层/管壁厚度明显增加,脂联素分泌减少,肌细胞膜葡萄糖转运蛋白-4 mRNA表达降低。而经上述3种药物干预后,大鼠的胰岛素抵抗指数均有不同程度降低,一氧化氮合酶及一氧化氮生成增加,胸主动脉肌层/管壁厚度明显降低,脂联素分泌及肌细胞膜葡萄糖转运蛋白-4 mRNA表达增强（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,且吡格列酮组及复方丹参滴丸浸膏两组间作用无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;丹参注射针组作用较弱（P〈0.05）。结论复方丹参滴丸通过多靶点调节糖脂代谢而发挥改善胰岛素抵抗的作用,并与其促进脂联素分泌、增强骨骼肌细胞膜葡萄糖转运蛋白-4 mRNA表达密切相关。     

替米沙坦上调内脏脂肪组织的脂联素表达并改善胰岛素抵抗

目的 探讨替米沙坦对体外原代培养的人前脂肪细胞和OLETF大鼠脂肪组织中脂联素表达以及胰岛素敏感性的影响.方法 提取人腹部皮下和内脏的前脂肪细胞,原代培养并传代后接种于无血清培养基,分为对照组（H-N）、吡格列酮组（H-P）和替米沙坦（H-T）组.葡萄糖消耗试验测定细胞的胰岛素敏感性,实时荧光定量PCR（RT-PCR）技术测定细胞脂联素mRNA的表达,放射免疫法测定培养基上清脂联素的分泌量.4周龄雄性OLETF大鼠28只,初始体重150～180 g.高脂喂养,分为对照组（O-HFD组,10只）、吡格列酮组（O-P组,8只）和替米沙坦组（O-T组,10只）.口服葡萄糖耐量实验和高胰岛素-正糖钳夹实验检测胰岛素抵抗指数和60 ～ 120 min葡萄糖输注速度以测定大鼠胰岛素抵抗水平,RT-PCR和Western blotting技术检测大鼠皮下和内脏脂肪组织脂联素的mRNA和蛋白表达.计量资料均数比较应用单因素方差分析.结果 H-T组和H-P组内脏前脂肪细胞的葡萄糖消耗量较之H-N组明显升高[分别为（5.6±1.6）、（4.4±1.6）、（2.0±0.8）mmol/L,F=20.240,P＜0.05].O-T和O-P组大鼠高胰岛素-正糖钳夹实验得到的60 ～ 120 min葡萄糖输注速度明显高于O-HFD组大鼠[分别为（18±5）、（20±4）、（10±3） mg·kg-1·min-1,F=8.136,P＜0.05].O-T和O-P组大鼠的HOMA胰岛素抵抗指数也显著低于O-HFD组大鼠（分别为10.0±8.6、5.5±2.0、17.8±10.1,F=5.784,P＜0.05）.替米沙坦可降低高脂饲养OLETF大鼠升高的腹围、内脏脂肪系数和血清游离脂肪酸水平,并改善大鼠的空腹高血糖,差别有统计学意义[分别为（24.0±2.0）比（26.5±2.7） cm、5.8％±2.4％比8.6％±2.4％、（2.8±0.7）比（5.3±1.8）μg/L、（10±6）比（15±7） mmoL/L,均P＜0.05].H-T较之H-N组原代培养人前脂肪细胞和O-T较之O-HFD组大鼠脂肪组织脂联素的mRNA表达和蛋白分泌量均明显上调（均P＜0.05）.H-T较之H-P组人内脏脂肪细胞和O-T较之O-P组大鼠内脏脂肪组织脂联素mRNA和蛋白表达水平均升高或有上升的趋势（分别为59.9±2.0比6.0±1.6、1.807±0.297比1.332±0.112、4.43±2.57比1.71±0.57、2.6±0.9比1.9±0.5,均P＜0.05）.结论 替米沙坦具有提高OLETF大鼠与人前脂肪细胞胰岛素敏感性、缓解大鼠的内脏性肥胖和改善大鼠糖脂代谢功能紊乱的作用,并很可能通过上调脂肪尤其是内脏脂肪的脂联素表达来完成.     

吡格列酮对2型糖尿病并发心血管病患者血清脂联素与胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的探讨吡格列酮对2型糖尿病并发心血管病患者血清脂联素与胰岛素抵抗(IR)的影响。方法随机选取2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者60例,正常对照组30例。分别检测血清脂联素、瘦素、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、空腹血糖(FPG)和胰岛素、体重指数(BMI)、血压(BP)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)等指标,计算胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)和胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。再将60例2型糖尿病并发心血管病患者分成2组,吡格列酮治疗组32例,常规治疗组28例,吡格列酮治疗组用吡格列酮治疗8w,治疗前后均检上述指标。结果(1)2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者与对照组比较,血清脂联素水平降低(P<0.01),吡格列酮治疗组与常规治疗组比较,血清脂联素无差异(P>0.05);(2)应用吡格列酮治疗后,患者血清脂联素水平显著升高(P<0.01),TNF-α、FFA、胰岛素水平下降(P<0.01),IR明显改善。结论吡格列酮能增加2型糖尿病并发心血管病患者血清脂联素水平,改善IR。     

吡格列酮对L6肌细胞脂联素和葡萄糖转运蛋白4表达的影响及其机制研究

建立棕榈酸诱导的大鼠L6肌细胞胰岛素抵抗模型后,以吡格列酮、c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)抑制剂SP600125、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)抑制剂SB203580进行干预.应用Western 印迹法检测脂联素、葡萄糖转运蛋白4(GLUT4)蛋白表达和JNK、p38MAPK磷酸化水平.结果显示,吡格列酮可显著增加胰岛素抵抗状态下L6细胞p38MAPK磷酸化、脂联素和GLUT4蛋白表达(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),降低JNK磷酸化水平(P＜0.01).阻断p38MAPK信号通路后,吡格列酮上调L6细胞GULT4蛋白表达的效应显著降低(P＜0.01),而阻断JNK信号通路却无显著影响(P＞0.05).     

非诺贝特和吡格列酮对肥胖大鼠血清内脏脂肪素的影响

目的观察非诺贝特和吡格列酮对肥胖大鼠血清内脏脂肪素（visfatin）的影响。方法内脏脂肪素75只SD雄性大鼠随机分为5组：F、P、FP、HF、NC组,各15只,前4组予高脂饮食,NC组予普通饲料,12周后F、P、FP组分别予非诺贝特30mg·kg^-1·d^-1、吡格列酮10mg·kg^-1·d^-1、两药联合灌胃,HF和NC组予相应溶剂灌胃,均灌胃4周,检测血清内脏脂肪素和生化指标。结果与NC组相比,HF组大鼠体重、FFA、FPG、Ins、HOMA—IR和血清内脏脂肪素水平均明显增高（P〈0．05）;与HF组相比,F、P和FP组大鼠FFA、HOMA—IR、内脏脂肪素均降低（P〈0．05）。F、FP组体重降低,与P、HF组有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论肥胖大鼠出现胰岛素抵抗和血清内脏脂肪素升高,非诺贝特和（或）吡格列酮能降低FFA,提高胰岛素敏感性,降低血清内脏脂肪素。     

国产吡格列酮治疗2型糖尿病患者的临床研究

目的观察国产吡格列酮对2型糖尿病(T2DM)病人血糖、血脂代谢和胰岛素抵抗(IR)的作用,并检测治疗前后血清脂联素水平的变化。方法用随机双盲法、与安慰剂平行对照,比较48例T2DM病人用吡格列酮30mg和安慰剂(1:1)干预治疗12w后的血糖、血脂、IR、血清脂联素水平改变。结果吡格列酮治疗12w后,空腹血糖和餐后2h(2hPG)血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)与治疗前比较明显下降(P<0·05或P<0·01);空腹胰岛素(FINS)及HOMA模型IR指数(HOMA-IR)较治疗前也减低(P<0·05或P<0·01);血清脂联素水平、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)在12w治疗后显著升高,低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)与治疗前比较明显降低(P<0·05或P<0·01),上述指标与安慰剂组比较差异均有显著意义(P<0·05或P<0·01)。但是总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)治疗前后无明显差异。结论国产吡格列酮可改善T2DM病人血糖及血脂代谢,降低IR并升高血清脂联素水平,有助于防治T2DM血管并发症。     

The relationship between plasma adiponectin concentration and insulin resistance is altered in smokers

CONTEXT: Low plasma adiponectin concentrations in smokers may contribute to the adverse consequences that occur in these individuals. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to define the relationship among smoking, plasma adiponectin concentrations, insulin resistance, and inflammation. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional, observational study with a 2 x 2 factorial design and a prospective longitudinal arm. SETTING: The study was conducted at a general clinical research center. PARTICIPANTS: Apparently healthy smokers (n = 30) and nonsmokers (n = 30), subdivided into insulin resistant (IR) (n = 15) and insulin sensitive (IS) (n = 15) subgroups participated in the study. INTERVENTION: Intervention included pioglitazone administration for 3 months to 12 IR smokers and eight IS smokers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUres: Measures included fasting plasma adiponectin and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and changes in adiponectin after pioglitazone treatment in IR and IS smokers. RESULTS: Being either a smoker or having insulin resistance was independently associated with lower adiponectin concentrations (P = 0.046 and 0.001, respectively). The difference in mean adiponectin concentration between smokers and nonsmokers did not depend on the insulin resistance status of the subjects. No difference was detected in average CRP concentrations between smokers and nonsmokers (P = 0.18) and between IR and IS subjects (P = 0.13). CRP concentrations were unrelated to adiponectin in smokers (r = -0.05, P = 0.78) and nonsmokers (r = 0.03, P = 0.86). Finally, pioglitazone treatment increased adiponectin concentrations in both IR (P < 0.001) and IS smokers (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Plasma adiponectin concentrations are lower in smokers and IR subjects and are unrelated to CRP concentrations. These findings suggest that low levels of adiponectin in smokers may be independent of both insulin resistance and a generalized inflammatory response.     

Comparison of the effects of pioglitazone and voglibose on circulating total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin, and on two fibrinolysis inhibitors, in patients with Type 2 diabetes.

BACKGROUND: To investigate short-term effects of pioglitazone and voglibose on serum concentrations of both total and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin measured with a novel sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ,and on plasma fibrinolysis indicators, in Type 2 diabetic patients with inadequate glycaemic control on sulphonylureas. METHODS: Thirty-four diabetic patients were randomized to receive pioglitazone or voglibose treatment for 12 weeks, after which serum HMW adiponectin was measured. Plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) 1 and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), a recently identified inhibitor of fibrinolysis, were measured as fibrinolysis inhibitors. RESULTS: At baseline, serum HMW adiponectin correlated negatively with plasma TAFI in all patients with Type 2 diabetes (r = -0.367, P = 0.0423). Both groups showed similar improvements in glycaemic control. Serum total and HMW adiponectin increased in patients treated with pioglitazone, but did not change in patients treated with voglibose. The HMW : total adiponectin ratio increased significantly after treatment with pioglitazone (P = 0.0004). The change in HbA(1c) correlated negatively with changes in serum HMW adiponectin in patients treated with pioglitazone (r = -0.694, P = 0.0034). Plasma PAI-1 and TAFI did not change with pioglitazone treatment. CONCLUSION: Increased serum HMW adiponectin may contribute to the improvement in glycaemic control after pioglitazone treatment. Plasma PAI-1 and TAFI were unchanged by either drug.     

吡格列酮对胰岛素抵抗大鼠血浆同型半胱氨酸水平的影响

目的　研究吡格列酮对高脂饮食诱导的胰岛素抵抗大鼠血浆同型半胱氨酸 (Hcy)水平的影响。方法　将 2 4只Wistar大鼠随机分为 3组 :对照组给予普通饲料喂养 ;高脂组喂高脂饲料诱导胰岛素抵抗动物模型 ;盐酸吡格列酮组在喂饲高脂饲料的同时 ,灌胃给盐酸吡格列酮 10mg·kg-1·d-1。各组喂食 11周时 ,分别做空腹血糖、葡萄糖耐量试验和胰岛素耐量试验后处死动物。测定血糖和胰岛素水平 ,用HOMA模型公式计算胰岛素抵抗指数 (HOMAIR)。喂食 11周后测定血浆Hcy水平。结果　试验后 3组间体重变化、空腹胰岛素、空腹血糖、HOMAIR均有显著差异 (P <0 0 5 )。其中吡格列酮组空腹胰岛素、空腹血糖、HOMAIR均显著低于高脂组 (P <0 0 1)。试验后 3组间血浆Hcy也有显著差异 ,高脂组 (35 7± 14 1) μmol/L高于对照组 (9 95± 2 4 0 ) μmol/L和吡格列酮组 (8 8± 1 39) μmol/L。相关分析显示血糖曲线下面积、空腹胰岛素、空腹血糖、HOMAIR、内脏脂肪含量均与血浆Hcy水平显著相关 (P <0 0 5 )。进一步多元逐步回归分析显示仅空腹血糖 (r =0 5 0 4 ,P =0 0 31)和HOMAIR与血浆Hcy相关 (r=0 30 2 ,P =0 0 4 6 )。结论　高脂诱导的胰岛素抵抗与大鼠血浆Hcy水平升高有关 ,吡格列酮可能通过减轻胰岛素抵抗降低血浆H     

血清脂联素、瘦素水平与2型糖尿病家系胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）家系正常糖耐量一级亲属（简称一级亲属）血清脂联素、瘦素水平的变化，研究脂联素、瘦素与胰岛素抵抗（IR）的关系。方法收集T2DM家系45个。在排除DM和糖耐量减退的前提下，选择一级亲属为观察组（83例），先证者或其同胞的配偶为正常对照组（76例），检测所有受试者脂联素、瘦素水平，计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA—IR）。结果观察组的脂联素水平显著低于对照组（P〈0．01），HOMA—IR、瘦素显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）。相关分析显示，脂联素与瘦素呈负相关。多元线性逐步回归分析显示，脂联素、瘦素是影响T2DM家系一级亲属IR的独立危险因素。结论T2DM家系一级亲属在未发生DM时已存在IR抵抗，脂联素与瘦素都参与了IR发生过程。     

老年睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与胰岛素抵抗相关性研究

目的探讨老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（obstructive sleep apnea／hyponea syndrome,OSAHS）胰岛素抵抗和脂联素水平的相关性。方法2008年9月至11月在华山医院老年科因打鼾就诊的老年人共82例,根据多导睡眠图（polysomnography,PSG）结果分为单纯鼾症组（23例）和OSAHS组（59例）。测定空腹血搪（FBG）、血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）,空腹胰岛素（Fins）和脂联素（adiponectin,APN）,计算胰岛素抵抗指数（homeostasis model assessment for estimating insulin resistance．HOMA—IR）值。比较单纯鼾症组和OSAHS组的一般资料,代谢参数以及合并症（高血压、冠心病、高脂血症、脑血管疾病和糖尿病）的患病率;分析睡眠呼吸紊乱指标和APN及HOMA—IR等代谢指标的相关性。结果1．OSAHS组的体质指数（BMI）,腰罔和TG明显高于单纯鼾症组,HDL低于单纯鼾症组。高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病和脑血管疾病的患病率在OSAHS组升高。2．OSAHS组的FBG,Fins,HOMA—IR水平升高,APN降低。3．相关分析显示HOMA—IR与BMI,腰围,呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）,氧减饱和指数（ODI）,SaO2〈90％（％TST）呈正相关,与LSaO2呈负相关。4．相关分析显示APN与BMI,腰围,Fins,HOMA-IR呈负相关;与AHI,ODI,SaO2〈90％（％TST）呈负相关,与LSaO2呈正相关。结论本研究证实OSAHS患者肥胖、糖脂代谢紊乱和脑血管疾病的患病率高于对照组,胰岛素抵抗程度增高,APN水平降低。夜间间断性低氧和胰岛素抵抗及APN相关。     

Comparison of metabolic profile and adiponectin level with pioglitazone versus voglibose in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus associated with metabolic syndrome

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a high risk of cardiovascular disease. We compared the effect of early intervention with pioglitazone versus voglibose on physical and metabolic profiles and serum adiponectin level in patients with T2DM associated with MetS. Sixty patients who were diagnosed for the first time as T2DM associated with MetS were analyzed for insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, serum adiponectin and systemic inflammation. Those patients were randomly assigned to oral pioglitazone group (n = 30) or voglibose group (n = 30) in addition to conventional diet and exercise training. Body mass index and waist circumference did not change in the pioglitazone group, whereas these physical parameters significantly decreased in the voglibose group during a 6-month follow-up period. However, glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, and HOMA-IR more significantly decreased in the pioglitazone group. The level of serum adiponectin especially high-molecular weight adiponectin markedly increased in the pioglitazone group. Moreover, high sensitive CRP significantly decreased only in the pioglitazone group. These results suggest that voglibose is superior in improving obesity, while pioglitazone is superior in ameliorating insulin sensitivity and increasing serum adiponectin in patients with an early stage of T2DM associated with MetS.     

Lower plasma adiponectin concentration predicts the efficacy of pioglitazone in diabetic patients

AIM: To investigate clinical efficacy of pioglitazone in association with plasma adiponectin concentration in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: Ten diabetic patients were treated with 15 or 30 mg of pioglitazone for 8 weeks, and association between plasma adiponectin concentration before treatment and decrease in glycated albumin levels was examined. RESULTS: Treatment with pioglitazone for 8 weeks lowered glycated albumin level (27.1 +/- 1.2 to 23.8 +/- 1.4%, p < 0.05), and inverse relationship between changes in glycated albumin and plasma adiponectin concentration before treatment was revealed (r = -0.66, p < 0.05). Plasma adiponectin concentrations of patients whose glycated albumin level reduced by more than 10% of the levels before treatment were significantly lower than those of patients whose glycaemic control was affected less (5.2 +/- 0.6 vs. 8.0 +/- 1.0 micro g/ml, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Lower plasma adiponectin concentration predicts the clinical efficacy of pioglitazone.     

吡格列酮降低非糖尿病患者冠状动脉药物洗脱支架再狭窄的研究

目的:探讨吡格列酮对非糖尿病患者冠状动脉(冠脉)支架内再狭窄的影响及其可能机制。方法:选择置入雷帕霉素洗脱支架的非糖尿病患者128例,并排除糖耐量异常者,随机分成吡格列酮组(71例)和对照组(57例),吡格列酮组在对照组常规治疗的基础上加用吡格列酮(30mg,qd);冠脉支架置入术后6～8个月行选择性冠脉造影术,于治疗前及随访6～8个月复查时先后分别测定血脂、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、血清瘦素及血清脂联素,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。结果:吡格列酮组支架内再狭窄的发生率显著低于对照组(2.82%∶12.28%,P=0.037);冠脉支架术后6～8个月,2组血脂指标、空腹血糖差异无统计学意义,但HOMA-IR、脂联素及脂联素/瘦素比值均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:吡格列酮能够降低非糖尿病患者药物洗脱支架的再狭窄,这种作用独立于调整血糖、血脂之外,改善胰岛素抵抗和血管内皮功能可能是吡格列酮阻止支架内再狭窄的重要机制。     

Adiponectin in relation to insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in the development of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study in 64-year-old women

Abstract. Fagerberg B, Kellis D, Bergström G, Behre CJ (Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden). Adiponectin in relation to insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in the development of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study in 64‐year‐old women. J Intern Med 2011; 269 : 636–643. Objectives. To examine how serum adiponectin levels predict the incidence of type 2 diabetes, from different prediabetic states, in relation to insulin sensitivity and β‐cell function during 5.5 years of follow‐up. Methods. In a population‐based cohort of 64‐year‐old Caucasian women, we assessed glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity as homeostasis model assessment, insulin secretion as acute insulin response, lifestyle factors and serum concentrations of adiponectin and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein. After 5.5 years of follow‐up, 167 women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 174 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) at baseline were re‐examined and incidence of diabetes was assessed. Results. A total of 69 new cases of diabetes were detected during follow‐up. Diabetes incidence was independently predicted by low levels of serum adiponectin, insulin resistance and insulin secretion, cigarette smoking, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and IGT at baseline. Serum adiponectin below 11.54 g L^?1 was associated with an odds ratio of 3.6 (95% confidence interval 1.4–8.6) for future type 2 diabetes. At baseline, a high serum adiponectin concentration correlated positively with high levels of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Women with incident diabetes had lower serum adiponectin levels in the NGT, IFG and IGT groups at baseline compared to those who did not develop diabetes during follow‐up. Conclusions. Low adiponectin concentrations were associated with future diabetes independently of insulin secretion and sensitivity, as well as IGT, IFG, smoking and abdominal obesity.