TLR介导的Nrf2抗氧化通路在对乙酰氨基酚药物性肝损伤中的保护作用

目的研究内毒素(LPS)及Toll样受体(TLR)在对乙酰氨基酚(APAP)药物性肝损伤中的保护作用及其相关机制。方法雄性C57BL/6小鼠40只,分为4组,每组10只。空白对照组腹腔注射0.9%氯化钠溶液,LPS组腹腔注射LPS 10μg/kg,APAP组腹腔注射APAP 300 mg/kg,LPS+APAP组在APAP造模前16 h给予LPS 10μg/kg预处理。通过比较各组血清ALT和AST水平,并通过HE染色评价肝组织损伤程度,观察LPS对小鼠肝损伤的保护作用。测定相应时间点的肝脏组织丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的变化以及肝组织DHE染色,评价小鼠氧化应激水平。应用Western印迹及RT-PCR检测肝脏Nrf2,Gclc及HO-1的表达水平。结果 LPS预处理可明显减轻APAP所致的肝脏氧化应激反应及肝损伤程度。LPS预处理组的小鼠血清ALT(518.3±142.3对4542±498.4 U/L)、AST(643.3±105.6对5432.1±569.2 U/L)水平及肝组织MDA(78.0±14.5对141.7±26.4 mmoL/mg)水平与模型组相比明显降低,而GSH(6.2±1.7对3.5±1.0μmol/g)水平明显升高(P0.05),肝组织病理损伤明显减轻。同时,LPS预处理可明显促进Nrf2及其下游抗氧化基因的表达。结论 LPS在小鼠APAP肝损伤中起到保护作用,作用机制与Nrf2抗氧化通路的激活相关,可能成为药物性肝损伤的新的治疗策略。     

凯西莱抗小鼠过氧化肝损伤的作用

目的　研究凯西莱抗小鼠过氧化肝损伤的作用。方法　采用四氯化碳 (CCl4)腹腔注射制备小鼠急性肝损伤模型 ,以凯西莱 50mg/kg治疗 ,每日 1次。连续治疗 4天后 ,检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶 (ALT)和丙二醛 (MDA)水平及肝脏MDA、还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH)和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)水平 ,观察肝组织病理变化。结果　与正常组相比较 ,CCl4 模型组血清ALT、MDA和肝脏MDA水平均显著增高 (P <0 .0 1) ,肝脏GSH和SOD水平则显著降低 (P <0 .0 1) ,同时肝组织病理损伤明显。凯西莱可显著降低血清ALT和MDA水平及肝组织MDA含量 (P <0 .0 1) ,使肝脏GSH和SOD恢复至正常水平 (P >0 .0 5) ,且能明显减轻肝组织病理损伤。相关分析显示 ,血清MDA与肝组织MDA、血清ALT水平间均呈高度直线相关。结论　凯西莱具有良好的抗CCl4 所致的小鼠过氧化肝损伤作用 ;血清MDA含量能反映肝脏过氧化损伤     

丹参酮Ⅰ在肝缺血再灌注损伤小鼠模型中的保护作用

目的探讨丹参酮Ⅰ(T-Ⅰ)在小鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤(HIRI)模型中的保护作用。方法C57BL/6J小鼠36只随机分为假手术(sham)组(n=6)、缺血再灌注(IR)组(n=6)、IR+T-Ⅰ(5 mg/kg)组(n=6)、IR+T-Ⅰ(10 mg/kg)组(n=6)、IR+T-Ⅰ(20 mg/kg)组(n=6)和IR+T-Ⅰ(40 mg/kg)组(n=6),各组均腹腔注射给药,sham组与IR组注射等量溶剂橄榄油,IR+T-Ⅰ组每日给药1次,连续给药7 d,末次给药2 h后建立70%的HIRI模型,再灌注6 h后收集血清及肝脏标本;试剂盒检测血清ALT、AST水平,检测肝组织内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、Caspase-3及还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)指标;HE染色观察肝组织病理情况,TUNEL法检测肝细胞凋亡水平,免疫组化检测Caspase-3、血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)蛋白表达水平。计量资料多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD-t检验。结果IR+T-Ⅰ(20 mg/kg)组的血清ALT[(192.48±23.67)U/L]、AST[(123.19±9.16)U/L]较IR组[ALT:(336.90±41.52)U/L,AST:(206.90±18.81)U/L]均显著下降(P值均<0.01),确定了20 mg/kg为最佳浓度;与IR组[MDA:(3.48±0.95)μmol/mg;Caspase-3:(1.04±0.35)μmol/mg;SOD:(160.29±27.37)U/mg;GSH:(1.03±0.42)μmol/mg]比较,IR+T-Ⅰ(20 mg/kg)组的MDA[(1.34±0.21)μmol/mg]、Caspase-3[(0.69±0.97)μmol/mg]均显著降低(P值均<0.05),而SOD[(274.47±30.53)U/mg]及GSH[(2.12±0.27)μmol/mg]均明显升高(P值均<0.05);HE染色显示,IR组肝小叶结构紊乱,肝细胞灶性或大面积变性坏死;与IR组相比,IR+T-Ⅰ(20 mg/kg)组肝细胞坏死面积减小,肝组织结构基本完整;免疫组化结果显示,与IR组比较,IR+T-Ⅰ(20 mg/kg)组的小鼠肝细胞凋亡数目明显减少,Caspase-3蛋白表达明显减少,HO-1蛋白表达明显增加。结论T-Ⅰ通过抑制肝脏氧化应激反应和肝细胞凋亡对小鼠HIRI中起到保护作用。     

石榴多酚对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的观察石榴多酚对小鼠肝损伤的防护作用。方法用四氯化碳(CCl4)致小鼠急性肝损伤模型,观察石榴多酚(200、400、600mg/kg)对小鼠血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性和肝脏组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。结果石榴多酚能明显降低急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST水平;并可使肝脏中MDA含量降低,SOD活性升高。各实验组小鼠的肝体比值均低于肝损伤模型组。结论石榴多酚对肝损伤具有保护作用,其作用可能与抗氧化有关。     

紫球藻多糖对小鼠慢性肝损伤的保护作用

目的探讨紫球藻多糖对小鼠慢性肝损伤的保护作用。方法用四氯化碳导致小鼠慢性肝损伤,各组〔高:5.86 g/(kg.d),中:2.93 g/(kg.d),低:1.46 g/(kg.d)〕每日灌胃不同剂量紫球藻多糖,检测饲养5 w的小鼠血清的ALT、AST活力,肝组织的SOD活力和MDA、GSH含量,观察高、中、低剂量组血清ALT、AST活力以及肝组织的SOD活力和MDA、GSH含量的变化。结果紫球藻多糖能降低肝损小鼠ALT、AST活力(P<0.01),提高其肝组织SOD的活力、GSH含量并降低其MDA含量(P<0.01)。结论紫球藻多糖具有一定的保肝作用,但尚不能达到正常水平,作用机制可能与提高其抗氧化能力有关,且保肝程度并不随剂量的增加而持续显著增加。     

氧化应激介导糖原合成酶激酶-3促进D-氨基半乳糖联合脂多糖诱导的急性肝衰竭肝损伤

目的探讨糖原合成酶激酶3(GSK3)在氧化应激促进D-氨基半乳糖联合脂多糖诱导小鼠急性肝衰竭肝损伤中的作用。方法以C57BL/6小鼠为研究对象,腹腔注射D-氨基半乳糖(D-Gal N)联合脂多糖(LPS)建立小鼠急性肝衰竭模型。氧化应激抑制剂N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)或GSK3特异性抑制剂SB216763分别对急性肝衰竭小鼠模型进行干预。检测小鼠血清转氨酶ALT、AST评价肝脏功能,检测肝脏组织中谷胱甘肽(GSH)、超氧化物歧化酶活性(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)水平评价氧化应激程度,免疫印迹方法检测肝脏组织p-GSK3、p-JNK蛋白表达。结果 D-Gal N/LPS诱导急性肝衰竭引起肝组织GSH和SOD水平降低,肝组织MDA水平上升。NAC干预改善急性肝衰竭损伤(血清ALT、AST水平明显下降),同时增加肝脏组织GSK3β的磷酸化水平(降低GSK3β的活性)。SB216763抑制GSK3β活性增加急性肝衰竭小鼠肝组织GSH和SOD含量,降低肝组织中MDA含量。GSK3β抑制下调肝脏中p-JNK的表达。结论 GSK3β是氧化应激促进急性肝衰竭损伤中的一种重要信号分子,抑制GSK3β活性,减轻氧化应激可以改善急性肝衰竭损伤。     

小鼠肝库普弗细胞铁蓄积对急性肝损伤的影响

目的探究肝库普弗细胞铁蓄积对CCl_4致小鼠急性肝损伤的影响。方法雄性FPN-/-cre小鼠(肝库普弗细胞铁蓄积小鼠)和FPN-/-小鼠(正常小鼠)各16只,分别随机分为两组,每组8只,两对照组腹腔注射橄榄油,两实验组腹腔注射CCl_4。计算小鼠肝脏指数;测定血清中ALT、AST水平和肝组织MDA、SOD、GSH含量;肝组织HE染色进行病理学观察。结果两对照组肝脏指数、ALT、AST、MDA、SOD、GSH差异无统计学意义(P0.05),FPN-/-cre实验组肝脏指数、ALT、AST、MDA高于FPN-/-实验组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。FPN-/-cre实验组SOD、GSH水平低于FPN-/-实验组,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两对照组肝细胞结构完整,排列有序;FPN-/-实验组肝细胞结构破裂、排列紊乱;FPN-/-cre实验组肝细胞结构破裂、溶解、排列杂乱、包浆松散。结论肝库普弗细胞铁蓄积会加重CCl_4所致的急性肝损伤,可能与铁的过氧化作用有关。     

中华圆田螺多糖对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的探讨中华圆田螺多糖对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用。方法将昆明种小鼠随机分成6组,分别为健康对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组、中华圆田螺多糖低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组。模型组小鼠用56℃红星二锅头12ml/(d·kg)体重灌胃,连续10d;药物组在给予同等量酒精灌胃的同时分别用低剂量、中剂量和高剂量中华圆田螺多糖灌胃,连续10d;阳性对照组按80mg/(d·kg)体重灌胃益肝灵;健康对照组每天用等量生理盐水灌胃。末次灌胃后摘眼球取血,分离血清,测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性;处死小鼠,取肝脏,制成肝匀浆,检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性剂及丙二醛(MDA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量。同时光镜下观察肝组织病理形态学的改变。结果中华圆田螺多糖中、高剂量组小鼠血清ALT、AST分别为(46.22±10.61、43.06±11.18)U/L和(135.64±24.53、119.17±23.17)U/L,与模型组(66.71±15.46)U/L和(196.22±42.13)U/L比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);中华圆田螺多糖低、中、高剂量组小鼠肝脏SOD和MDA分别为(161.36±15.67、170.69±14.73、175.12±16.77)U/mg prot和(1.37±0.39、1.18±0.26、1.10±0.28)nmol/mg prot,与模型组(140.86±13.36)U/mg prot和(1.84±0.57)nmol/mg prot比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);中华圆田螺多糖中、高剂量组GSH为(237.44±43.37、248.96±33.10)nmol/mg prot,与模型组(202.62±39.88)nmol/mg prot比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肝脏病理切片显示中华圆田螺多糖各剂量组对酒精性肝损伤小鼠肝细胞变性、坏死、炎性细胞浸润程度有改善作用。结论中华圆田螺多糖能降低血清ALT、AST活性和肝脏MDA含量,增加血清SOD活性,提高肝脏GSH含量,对酒精性肝损伤具有一定保护作用。     

橙皮苷对四环素所致小鼠脂肪肝的保护作用

目的：观察橙皮苷对四环素引起小鼠非酒精性脂肪肝的保护作用。方法将ICR小鼠分为A、B、C组, A组给予橙皮苷（300 mg／kg）连续灌胃10 d,B、C组给予同体积溶剂;在第10天给药后1 h时A、B组腹腔注射四环素200 mg／kg 20 mL,C组给予相同pH值等体积生理盐水。给毒后24 h眼球取血,并取肝脏,检测血清ALT、AST、TG、TC及肝组织TG、TC、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酯（SOD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）,HE染色观察肝脏组织病理学改变。结果与C组比较,B组血清ALT、AST升高而TG、TC降低,肝组织中TG、TC、MDA、GSH升高,P均＜0．05;与B组比较,A组血清ALT、AST降低而TG、TC升高,肝组织中TG、TC降低而GSH升高,P均＜0．05。 C组小鼠肝脏未见明显病变,B组动物肝脏的中央静脉和小叶间静脉周围出现肝细胞肿胀、水样变性等病理改变。 A组给药可减轻上述病理改变。结论橙皮苷对四环素所致小鼠脂肪肝具有明显的保护作用。     

猕猴桃果仁油对小鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病的作用

目的:观察猕猴桃果仁油对小鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD) 的保护作用,并初步探讨其作用机制. 方法:健康,♂小鼠50 只,随机分为:对照组、模型组和果仁油低、中、高剂量组[90 、180 、270 mg/(kg·d)]5 组. 除对照组用普通饲料喂养外,其余各组均给予高脂饲料喂养. 实验6 wk 后处死全部小鼠,比较各组之间血清和肝脏生化以及肝脏组织病理学特征. 结果:与对照组相比,模型组小鼠血清TG 、TC 、ALT 、AST 和肝组织MDA 显著升高(均P<0.01),肝组织SOD 和GSH-Px 显著降低(均P<0.01);果仁油中、高剂量组小鼠血清TC 、TG 、ALT 、AST 及肝组织MDA 显著低于模型组(TC:3.05±0.32 mmol/L,2.55±0.43 mmol/L vs 4.55±0.23 mmol/L;TG:1.62± 0.68 mmol/L,1.56±0.57 mmol/L vs 1.90±0.55 mmol/L;ALT:76.91±16.32 U/L,64.54±11.32 U/L vs 170.34±9.32 U/L;AST:128.26±20.15 U/L,112.74±21.37 U/L vs 158.86±18.45 U/L;MDA:5.16±0.97 U/mg,5.01±1.14 U/mg vs 5.88±1.07 U/mg,P <0.05 或0.01),肝组织SOD 和GSH-Px 的显著高于对照组(均P<0.05);模型组小鼠肝脏脂肪变性严重,并伴有炎细胞浸润及坏死,而果仁油中、高剂量组小鼠肝脏脂肪变性程度轻,无明显炎细胞浸润及坏死. 结论:猕猴桃果仁油对高脂饲料诱导的小鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病有明显的保护作用.     

百草枯中毒大鼠的肝损伤及抗氧化药物对其保护作用

目的 研究百草枯（PQ）对肝脏的损伤作用及其机制,并用抗氧化药物N乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）干预,观察药物对PQ中毒大鼠的肝脏保护作用并探讨药物作用机制。方法33只清洁级SD大鼠随机分为4组：PQ单纯染毒组、NAC防治组、GSH防治组和正常对照组。单纯染毒组一次性灌胃给予PQ100mg／kg染毒;防治组分别于染毒前半小时、染毒后半小时及持续7d内同一时间分别腹腔注射NAC150mg／kg、GSH100mg／kg。各组在染毒后第1、3、7天采血取样,俭测血浆及肝组织匀浆中的ALT、AST水平及SOD活力、GSH—Px活力和MDA含量。结果PQ染毒后第1天各组大鼠血浆及肝组织匀浆中的AI．T、AST水平及MDA含量较正常对照组明显升高（P〈0．05）,而防治组明显低于单纯染毒绍（P〈0．05）;各组大鼠血浆及肝匀浆SOD及GSH—Px活力均较正常对照组下降（P〈0．05）,但防治组明显高于单纯染毒组（P〈0．05）。实验结束时防治组血浆及肝匀浆中ALT、AST水平和MDA含量明显低于单纯染毒组（P＜0．05）,SOD活力、GSH—Px活力防治组明显高于单纯染毒组（P〈0．05）,部分指标NAC组优于GSH组（P〈0．05）。结论氧应激在PQ致大鼠肝损伤中发挥重要作用,NAC和GSH对改善PQ中毒患者肝细胞抗氧化能力有积极作用。     

Efficient hepatoprotective activity of cranberry extract against CCl_4-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rat model: Down-regulation of liver enzymes and strong antioxidant activity

Objective: To investigate the hepatoprotective efficacy of cranberry extract(CBE)against carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)-induced hepatic injury using in-vivo animal model.Methods: The hepatoprotective efficacy of CBE(200 and 400 mg/kg) was investigated against CCl4(4 m L/kg)-induced hepatotoxicity, elevated liver enzymes [ALT(alanine aminotransferase), AST(aspartate aminotransferase), and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)],and total protein(TP) contents in the serum. Moreover, CBE-aided antioxidant defense against hepatotoxic insult of CCl4 was measured by evaluating a number of anti-oxidative biomarkers including reduced glutathione(GSH), superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), and malondialdehyde(MDA) in the serum by using spectrophotometric analyses.Results: Results showed that the exposure of experimental animals to CCl4 did induce significant hepatotoxicity compared to the non-induced(untreated) group. The oral administration of CBE demonstrated a significant dose-dependent alleviation in the liver enzymes(AST, ALT, and ALP), increased antioxidant defense(GSH, SOD, and CAT),and reduced MDA levels in the serum of treated animals compared to the animals without treatment. The resulting data showed that the administration of CBE decreased the serum levels of ALT, AST, and ALP compared to the CCl4-induced group.Conclusions: The resulting data evidenced that CBE exhibits promising hepatoprotective potential against the chemical induced hepatotoxicity, maintains homeostasis in liver enzymes, and can provide significant antioxidant defense against free radicals-induced oxidative stress.     

Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa prevents acetaminophen-induced acute hepatic injury in mice via inhibiting JNK/ERK MAPK pathway

AIM:To investigate the in vivo hepatoprotective effects and mechanisms of Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa (GM) in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury in mice.METHODS: GM (200, 150 or 50 mg/kg body weight) or N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC; 300 mg/kg body weight) was administrated orally with a single dose 2 h prior to APAP (300 mg/kg body weight) injection in mice.RESULTS: APAP treatment significantly depleted hepatic glutathione (GSH), increased serum aspartate aminot ransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferas...     

绞股蓝总皂苷对四氯化碳诱导大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用

目的:观察绞股蓝总皂苷对四氯化碳( CCl4)诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用.方法:采用CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化模型,分为正常组(Z,n=6)、模型组(M,n=8)、绞股蓝总皂苷组(J,n=8)、秋水仙碱(Q,n=8).造模6周末开始给药(股蓝总皂苷200mg/kg体重、秋水仙碱0.1mg/kg体重),给药3周.观察:①大鼠体重、肝脾比值的变化;②血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)活性、白蛋白( Alb)、总胆红素(TBil)含量、肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量;③肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量;④肝组织病理及胶原沉积情况.结果:①M组大鼠血清ALT、AST、GGT、TBil显著升高,Alb显著降低;J和Q组大鼠血清ALT、AST、GGT、TBil显著下降,Alb显著升高;②M组大鼠肝组织Hyp含量显著升高,J组及Q组大鼠肝组织Hyp含量显著下降;③肝组织HE染色显示:M组大鼠肝细胞脂肪变性,大量纤维结缔组织增生,假小叶形成.J组及Q组大鼠肝细胞脂肪变性减轻,纤维增生减少,少见完整假小叶结构.天狼星红染色显示:M组大鼠肝窦周胶原沉积明显,形成较厚汇管区和中央静脉间的纤维间隔,J组和Q组大鼠肝脏汇管区胶原纤维染较M组明显减轻;④M组大鼠肝组织SOD活性及GSH含量明显降低,MDA含量显著升高.J组大鼠肝组织SOD活性显著提高.结论:绞股蓝总皂苷具有显著抗CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化及氧化损伤的作用.     

Curcumin protects against acetaminophen-induced apoptosis in hepatic injury

AIM:To explore the effects of curcumin(CMN)on hepatic injury induced by acetaminophen(APAP)in vivo.METHODS:Male mice were randomly divided into three groups:groupⅠ(control)mice received the equivalent volumes of phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)intraperitoneally(ip);GroupⅡ[APAP+carboxymethylcellulose(CMC)]mice received 1%CMC(vehicle)2h before APAP injection;GroupⅢ(APAP+CMN)mice received curcumin(10 or 20 mg/kg,ip)2 h before before or after APAP challenge.In GroupsⅡandⅢ,APAP was dissolved in pyrogen-free PBS and injected at a single dose of 300 mg/kg.CMN was dissolved in 1%CMC.Mice were sacrificed 16 h after the APAP injection to determine alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels in serum and malondialdehyde(MDA)accumulation,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and hepatocyte apoptosis in liver tissues.RESULTS:Both pre-and post-treatment with curcumin resulted in a significant decrease in serum ALT compared with APAP treatment group(10 mg/kg:801.46±661.34 U/L;20 mg/kg:99.68±86.48 U/L vs 5406.80±1785.75 U/L,P<0.001,respectively).The incidence of liver necrosis was significantly lowered in CMN treated animals.MDA contents were significantly reduced in 20 mg/kg CMN pretreatment group,but increased in APAP treated group(10.96±0.87 nmol/mg protein vs 16.03±2.58 nmol/mg protein,P<0.05).The decrease of SOD activity in APAP treatment group and the increase of SOD in 20 mg/kg CMN pretreatment group were also detected(24.54±4.95 U/mg protein vs 50.21±1.93 U/mg protein,P<0.05).Furthermore,CMN treatment efficiently protected against APAPinduced apoptosis via increasing Bcl-2/Bax ratio.CONCLUSION:CMN has significant therapeutic potential in both APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and other types of liver diseases.     

甜菜碱对酒精性肝损伤大鼠高同型半胱氨酸血症和肝脂质过氧化的影响

目的：观察甜菜碱对大鼠高同型半胱氨酸血症（hyperhomoeysteinemia，HHcy）和肝脏脂质过氧化的作用和影响。方法：将60只SD大鼠随机分为5组（每组12只）：正常对照组，模型组，甜菜碱低、高剂量组，腺苷蛋氨酸（S-adenosylmethionine，SAM）组。除对照组外，其余4组给予酒精、鱼油灌胃配合高脂饮食构建酒精性肝损伤大鼠模型，药物治疗于造模4周后开始，第8周处死全部大鼠，测定血浆总同型半胱氨酸（total plasma homoeysteine，tHcy）浓度、血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、白蛋白（Alb）、白／球蛋白比值（A／G）、肝匀浆丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量，并进行肝脏病理组织学检查。结果：与对照组比较，模型组大鼠tHcy、ALT、AST、MDA含量均明显升高（P〈0．01），SOD、GSH水平明显降低（P〈0．01）。与模型组对比，甜菜碱低、高剂量组大鼠tHcy、ALT、AST、MDA均显著降低（P〈0．01），肝组织SOD含量明显上升（P〈0．01），GSH含量无显著变化（P〉0．05），甜菜碱低、高剂量组之间无明显差异（P〉0．05）；SAM组能显著增加肝组织GSH贮量（P〈0．01），但对血浆tHcy水平无显著影响（P〉0．05），余治疗作用均与甜菜碱治疗无显著差别（P〉0．05）。结论：甜菜碱可防治酒精性肝损伤，其机制可能为降低高同型半胱氨酸血症，改善肝组织脂质过氧化。本文结果显示，甜菜碱的作用优于腺苷蛋氨酸。     

脂炎消煎剂防治大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的实验研究

目的研究脂炎消煎剂对大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎防治作用的机制。方法采用高脂饲料喂养,建立大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎模型,随机分正常组、模型组和脂炎消煎剂大、小剂量组(剂量按体重计20g/kg和10g/kg),第24周检测大鼠肝功能、血脂并观察肝脏形态学改变,检测肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)和羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量。结果与模型组比较,脂炎消煎剂组血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)下降,血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(CHOL)减低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)升高;肝组织SOD活力和GSH含量升高,MDA和Hyp下降;肝脏形态学明显改善。结论脂炎消煎剂具有降低血脂、抗脂质过氧化和保护肝细胞的作用,对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎具有一定的防治作用。     

Hepatoprotective effect of stem of Musa sapientum Linn in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride

Methods. The study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of central stem of Musa sapientum (AqMS) against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Animals were divided into six groups. Group I served as normal control. Group II, III, IV, V &; VI were administered CCl₄ mixed with olive oil 1:1 (1.5 mL/kg) I.P., twice a week for 5 weeks. Group II was maintained as CCl₄ intoxicated control. Group III, IV and V received AqMS at a dose of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. Group VI received silymarin 100 mg/kg for 5 weeks orally once daily. Marker enzymes of hepatic functions estimated in serum were AST, ALT and ALP. Antioxidant parameters estimated were MDA and GSH in blood and liver and SOD in blood, after fifth week, animals were sacrificed, livers dissected out and evaluated for histomorphological changes.Results. There was significant rise in AST, ALT and ALP in CCl₄ intoxicated control group II. Treatment with AqMS prevented rise in levels of these enzymes. There was significant rise in MDA and fall in GSH in blood and liver in group II, indicating increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress upon CCl₄ ad-ministration. Treatment with AqMS prevented rise in MDA &; increased GSH in treated group. SOD levels were decreased in group II while groups treated with AqMS showed significant rise (p < 0.05). Maximum hepatoprotective effect was observed with 50 mg/kg dose. Hepatoprotective effect observed with this dose was comparable to standard hepatoprotective drug silymarin. The results of pathological study also support the results of biochemical findings.Conclusion. the results of the present study indicate that stem of Musa sapientum possess hepatoprotective effect and probably it is due to it’s antioxidant property.     

Effects of Wy14643 on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in rats

AIM： To investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of Wy14643 on hepatic ischemiareperfusion （I/R） injury in rats. METHODS： Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 220-280 g were randomly divided into five experimental groups： sham group （G1, n = 6）： a sham operation was performed （except for liver I/R）, I/R-untreated group （G2, n = 6）： rats underwent liver ischemia for 90 min followed by reperfusion for 4h; and I/R ＋ Wy14643 groups （G3, G4, G5; n = 6）： after the same surgical procedure as in group 2, animals were pretreated with Wy14643 at the dose of 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg 1 h before ischemia, respectively. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） was induced by clamping blood supply to the left lateral and median lobes of the liver for 90 min, and atraumatic clamp was removed for 4 h reperfusion. Blood samples and liver tissues were obtained at the end of reperfusion to assess serum and hepatic tissue homogenate aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, myeloperoxidase （MPO）, serum interleukin- 1β（IL-1β） and tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α）, as well as activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and content of malondialdehyde （MDA） in the hepatic tissue homogenate. RESULTS： Hepatic I/R induced a significant increase in the serum levels of ALT, AST, TNF-α, IL-1β and MPO, as well as the levels of ALT, AST and MDA in the liver tissue homogenate, which were reduced by pretreatment with Wy14643 at the dose of 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively. The activity of SOD in the liver tissue homogenate was decreased after hepatic I/R, which was enhanced by Wy14643 pretreatment. In addition, serum and liver tissue homogenate ALT and AST in the Wy14643 10 mg/kg group were lower than in the Wy14643 1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg groups, respectively. CONCLUSION： Wy14643 pretreatment exerts significant protection against hepatic I/R injury in rats. The protective effects are possibly associated with enhancement of anti-oxidant and inhibition inflammation res