白藜芦醇对人γδT细胞生长和杀伤功能的影响

目的探讨白藜芦醇对人外周血γδT细胞生长和杀伤功能的影响。方法用异戊烯焦磷酸法体外扩增人γδT细胞,不同浓度的白藜芦醇作用γδT细胞后,MTT法检测γδT细胞生长情况,流式细胞术检测给药前后γδT细胞杀伤功能相关标志物颗粒酶B、穿孔素和CD107a的表达。结果人外周血单核细胞(PBMC)培养10 d后,γδT细胞比例从扩增前的3.12%增至80.46%;白藜芦醇浓度为0.2～12.5μmol/L时能促进γδT细胞生长,其中以1.56μmol/L作用最明显,使细胞增殖率高出对照组约15.90%;白藜芦醇1.56μmol/L可上调γδT细胞杀伤功能相关标志物颗粒酶B、穿孔素、CD107a表达,随着给药浓度增高,γδT增殖及其颗粒酶B、穿孔素、CD107a表达逐渐降低。结论白藜芦醇在一定浓度范围内可促进γδT细胞增殖,且增强γδT细胞杀伤功能相关标志的表达,这可能是其抗肿瘤作用机制之一。     

香菇多糖诱导CIK细胞对肺癌A549细胞杀伤作用的研究

目的:明确香菇多糖对CIK细胞(细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞)体外增殖及抗肿瘤活性的影响,为临床应用香菇多糖提高CIK细胞过继免疫治疗疗效提供理论数据。方法:于CIK细胞培养第11天加入不同浓度香菇多糖,诱导培养72h后比较细胞密度,流式细胞仪检测CIK细胞CD3、CD56双阳率,CCK8法检测比较经不同浓度香菇多糖诱导后的CIK细胞对肺癌A549细胞的杀伤率。结果 :诱导72h后,加入5、25、50μg/m L香菇多糖的CIK细胞密度虽有上升但与未加入香菇多糖的空白对照组比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。经5μg/m L香菇多糖诱导的CIK细胞CD3、CD56双阳性率与空白对照组相当(P0.05);而经25、50及75μg/m L香菇多糖诱导的CIK细胞CD3、CD56双阳性率较空白对照组明显升高(P0.05),以50μg/m L香菇多糖诱导组的差异最为明显。经5μg/m L香菇多糖诱导的CIK细胞对肺癌A549细胞的杀伤率与空白对照组相当(P0.05);而经25、50及75μg/m L香菇多糖诱导的CIK细胞对肺癌细胞杀伤率明显高于空白对照组(P0.05),以50μg/m L香菇多糖诱导组对肺癌细胞的杀伤率最高。结论:香菇多糖对CIK细胞的体外增殖无促进作用,高浓度香菇多糖反而抑制CIK细胞增殖;适当浓度的香菇多糖处理CIK细胞能使CD3、CD56双阳性率上升,同时可提高CIK细胞对肺癌A549细胞株杀伤率。香菇多糖诱导CIK细胞的最适浓度在50μg/m L。     

人参多糖对NK92-MI细胞杀伤活性的影响及机制

目的:研究人参多糖对NK92-MI杀伤活性的影响及机制。方法:采用200mg/L或400mg/L GPS作用于NK92-MI细胞,24h后收集细胞,采用CCK-8试剂盒检测GPS对NK92-MI细胞杀伤活性和增殖活性的影响;采用流式细胞术检测GPS对NK92-MI细胞活化受体(NKp30、NKp44、NKp46、NKG2D)表达的影响;采用western blot技术检测NK细胞杀伤介质(穿孔素和颗粒酶B)表达水平。结果:与正常对照组相比,GPS可明显促进NK细胞杀伤活性,上调活化受体(NKp30、NKp44、NKp46)、杀伤介质(穿孔素和颗粒酶B)的表达水平(P0.05)。结论:GPS通过上调活化受体(NKp30、NKp44、NKp46)的表达促进NK92-MI细胞的活化,并且通过上调杀伤介质(穿孔素和颗粒酶B)的表达提高NK92-MI细胞的杀伤活性。     

23-羟基白桦酸通过抑制髓源性抑制细胞对小鼠结肠癌生长的影响

目的 探讨23-羟基白桦酸(23-HBA)通过干预髓源性抑制细胞(MDSCs)抑制小鼠结肠癌生长的作用机制。方法 体内实验,建立小鼠结肠癌CT-26皮下移植瘤模型,阳性对照组5-FU腹腔注射3 d(2次),实验组23-HBA尾静脉每日注射,连续给药18 d。末次给药后处死小鼠,检测小鼠体质量、移植瘤质量及体积、脏器指数、血常规的变化,流式细胞术检测肿瘤组织MDSCs、CD8⁺T细胞比例,RT-qPCR法检测肿瘤组织MDSCs细胞免疫抑制功能相关细胞因子精氨酸酶1(Arg1)、一氧化氮合酶(iNOS),以及CD8⁺T细胞杀伤功能相关细胞因子颗粒酶B(GZMB)、穿孔素1(PRF1)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ) mRNA的表达。体外实验,CCK8法检测骨髓(BM)细胞、MDSCs细胞存活率,确定23-HBA的安全作用浓度;采用40 ng/mL粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)和40 ng/mL白细胞介素-6(IL-6)诱导BM向MDSCs分化,同时加入不同浓度23-HBA(0、10.5、21、42μmoL/L)干预4 d,流式细胞术检测M...     

六味地黄汤对细胞诱导的杀伤细胞体外扩增及抗骨肉瘤细胞的影响

目的:探讨六味地黄汤对不同人群来源的多种细胞诱导的杀伤细胞(cytokine-induced killer cells,CIK)细胞增殖及其对骨肉瘤细胞毒活性的作用。方法:实验分为6组,通过向10名健康男性的外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中分别加入在白介素-2(IL-2)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白介素-1(IL-1)、抗CD3单克隆抗体(CD3McAb)及不同浓度中药血清,诱导CIK细胞,检测其形态及表型,测定CIK细胞对骨肉瘤细胞的细胞毒性作用。结果:单纯中药含药血清对CIK无诱导作用,细胞因子联合含药血清培养的CIK增殖倍数明显高于无药血清和无血清培养(P<0.05),而在联合培养中中剂量中药的CIK增殖速度高于低和高剂量血清培养(P<0.05),且对CIK细胞CD3+CD5 6+表达最为稳定;各组对骨肉瘤细胞均有一定杀伤作用,其中联合培养含药血清中剂量培养CIK细胞对骨肉瘤细胞杀伤效果最好。结论:单纯六味地黄汤含药血清对CIK细胞基本无诱导作用,联合细胞因子有促进CIK细胞的体外扩增作用,对骨肉瘤细胞有较强的杀伤活性,但与浓度相关。     

黄芩苷诱导结肠癌细胞株SW-1116凋亡的研究

目的：探讨黄芩苷诱导结肠癌细胞株SW-1116凋亡的作用机制，为黄芩苷在抗肿瘤方面的应用提供理论依据。方法：采用不同浓度的黄芩苷处理细胞后，用流式细胞仪检测结肠癌细胞株SW-116凋亡,结果：50，100，200μmol／L黄芩苷能够诱导结肠癌细胞SW-1116凋亡，凋亡率与剂量呈正相关，SW-1116的凋亡随药物浓度及作用时间变化，细胞周期分布呈现G1期细胞比例逐渐增高，并出现典型的凋亡峰。结论：黄芩苷能诱导结肠癌细胞凋亡，并明显抑制癌细胞增殖，具有抗肿瘤作用。     

天花粉蛋白对结肠癌SW-620细胞株增殖、黏附和迁移的实验研究

目的 研究天花粉蛋白对结肠癌SW-.620细胞株增殖、黏附和迁移的影响.方法 采用MTT比色法检测天花粉蛋白对SW-620细胞的增殖影响;Hochest33258观察天花粉蛋白诱导SW-620细胞凋亡;流式细胞术检测天花粉蛋白对细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响;细胞黏附和划痕实验检测天花粉蛋白作用后细胞黏附和迁移的改变.结果 1.天花粉蛋白对SW-620细胞的生长具有明显的抑制作用,并呈时间和质量浓度依赖性;2.天花粉蛋白可将SW-620细胞阻滞于S期,并能诱导其凋亡;3.天花粉蛋白具有改变SW-620细胞与人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)的黏附作用,并使其迁移能力下降.结论 天花粉蛋白能抑制SW620细胞的增殖、诱导其凋亡,并能改变其黏附和迁移能力.     

葛根素预处理对LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞活化的影响

目的:观察葛根素预处理对脂多糖(LPS)诱导小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7活化和分泌细胞因子的影响,探讨其抗炎机制。方法:取对数期生长良好的RAW264.7细胞,随机分为空白对照组、LPS组、葛根素预处理+LPS组。CCK-8法检测葛根素对RAW264.7的细胞毒性作用,Giemsa染色法观察细胞形态学变化,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测细胞上清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-2(MIP-2)的变化,实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)动态测定NF-κB p65 mRNA的表达。结果:当葛根素的浓度为100,200,400μmol·L-1时,与1 mg·L-1LPS共培养均未显示出细胞毒性作用(P<0.05);与空白对照组相比,LPS组可明显改变RAW264.7细胞的形态(胞体增大,形态不规则,伪足大量伸出),葛根素100μmol·L-1组干预后可明显抑制LPS导致的细胞形态学变化,葛根素200,400μmol·L-1干预组的抑制效果更显著,但2组之间无明显差异;葛根素预处理可使细胞上清液中TNF-α,MIP-2以及细胞内NF-κB p65 mRNA的表达受到抑制(P<0.05),并随着葛根素浓度的增加,抑制效果逐渐增加(P<0.05),但未达到对照组水平。结论:葛根素是一种安全有效的天然抗炎药物,可显著下调炎症细胞因子(如TNF-α,MIP-2)的表达,其作用机制可能与下调NF-κB p65 mRNA的表达有关。     

伪士的宁对人结肠癌HT-29细胞的增殖及细胞周期的影响

目的研究伪士的宁对人结肠癌HT-29细胞的增殖及细胞周期的影响。方法通过MTT法比较在31.25μmol/L、62.50μmol/L、125μmol/L、250μmol/L、500μmol/L、1000μmol/L共6个浓度的伪士的宁培养24小时、48小时、72小时后对HT-29细胞增殖的抑制作用;通过显微镜细胞观察法检测细胞生长状态;利用流式细胞术检测250μmol/L伪士的宁对HT-29细胞周期的影响。结果伪士的宁对人结肠癌HT-29细胞有一定的抑制作用,其抑制作用与浓度和作用时间呈正相关,1000μmol/L培养72小时作用最显著,抑制率为97.47%;随着伪士的宁浓度增加,作用时间增大,HT-29细胞密度逐渐变小,局部可见固缩细胞或死亡细胞。伪士的宁(250μmol/L)作用于HT-29细胞后,与空白组相比,G1期细胞数量明显增加,S期细胞数量不变,G2期细胞数量减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),表明伪士的宁可诱使HT-29细胞在G1期发生阻滞,诱导细胞凋亡。结论伪士的宁对人结肠癌HT-29细胞增殖具有显著抑制作用,且其作用呈现时间依赖和剂量依赖关系,其抑制作用机制可能与阻滞细胞周期有关。     

葛根素诱导血管平滑肌细胞凋亡的细胞周期调控机制研究

目的：研究葛根素对同型半胱氨酸（homocysteinemia,HCY）诱导增殖的血管平滑肌细胞（vascularsmoothmusclecell．VSMC）细胞周期的影响及其机制。方法：建立HCY诱导的兔VSMC增殖模型,予不同浓度的葛根素（107mol／L,10^-6mol／L．10^-5mol／L）共同培养48h后,用MTT法检测细胞增殖能力;用流式细胞仪Annexin／PI双染法检测细胞周期变化及细胞周期调控相关蛋白CyclinDl和CDK4的表达。结果：葛根素可抑制HCY所诱导的VSMC增殖,抑制作用与葛根素浓度呈正相关;葛根素组G0／G1期细胞数明显增多,S期细胞数明显减少,与HCY模型组比较,差异均有非常显著性意义（P〈001）;Cychn D1和CDK4的表达量均随葛根素浓度增加而减少。结论：葛根素拮抗HCY诱导的兔VSMC增殖,主要机制之一可能与Cyclin D1及CDK4低表达所致的细胞周期抑制有关。     

Cucurbitacin B inhibits the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by altering the biomechanical properties of cells

Changes in cellular biomechanical properties affect cell migration and invasion. The natural compound Cucurbitacin B (CuB) has potent anticancer activity; however, the mechanism underlying its inhibitory effect on breast cancer metastasis needs further study. Here, we showed that low‐dose CuB inhibited adhesion and altered the viscoelasticity of breast cancer cells, thereby, reducing cell deformability. In vitro and in vivo experiments proved that CuB effectively inhibited the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Further studies have found that CuB downregulated the expression of F‐actin/vimentin/FAK/vinculin in breast cancer cells, altering the distribution and reorganization of cytoskeletal proteins in the cells. CuB inhibited signaling by the Rho family GTPases RAC1/CDC42/RhoA downstream of integrin. These findings indicate that CuB has been proven to mediate the reorganization and distribution of cytoskeletal proteins of breast cancer cells through RAC1/CDC42/RhoA signaling, which improves the mechanical properties of cell adhesion and deformation and consequently inhibits cell migration and invasion.     

红花多糖对人PBMC增殖活性及NK、LAK细胞杀伤活性的影响

目的:探讨红花多糖(Safflower polysaccharide,SPS)体外对人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)的增殖作用及对NK细胞、LAK细胞杀伤活性的影响。方法:采集健康成人外周血,常规分离PBMC,体外与不同浓度的SPS共同培养,用3H-TdR法检测PBMC的增殖活性;MTT法检测NK、LAK细胞的杀伤活性。结果:SPS对PBMC增殖有促进作用,其促增殖作用呈现量效依赖性,以1.25mg.mL-1和0.625mg.mL-1剂量组促增殖作用明显(P0.05);SPS对NK细胞与LAK细胞的杀伤活性都有明显的提升作用(P0.05)。结论:SPS可促进PBMC的增殖,增强NK细胞、LAK细胞的杀伤活性,增强免疫功能。     

肺癌干细胞分泌外泌体增强肺癌细胞对化疗敏感性的研究

目的研究化疗药物诱导后肺癌干细胞分泌外泌体(Exosomes)对肺癌细胞化疗敏感性的影响。方法采用流式荧光细胞分选技术从人肺癌细胞系A549中分离出肺癌干细胞,采用1μmol/L吉非替尼培养液诱导肺癌干细胞分泌外泌体并提取。将外泌体作用于人肺癌细胞系A549,噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测干预前后肺癌细胞的增殖能力和对化疗药物的敏感程度。Western blot检测细胞耐药相关蛋白表达水平。结果采用超速离心方法能提取化疗药物诱导后肺癌干细胞分泌的外泌体;MTT法显示这类外泌体能够促进人肺癌细胞系A549的增殖,导致人肺癌细胞系A549对吉非替尼的IC_(50)值明显增大(P0.05)。化疗药物诱导后肺癌干细胞分泌外泌体能增强肺癌细胞MDR-1、ABCG2和LRR耐药相关蛋白的表达。结论化疗药物诱导后肺癌干细胞来源的外泌体能增强肺癌细胞增殖活性,并诱导肺癌细胞对化疗药物的耐药。     

鼠兔视细胞的免疫组织化学研究

目的 观察鼠兔视细胞的视蛋白物质。方法 利用单克隆抗体S70、L31、H16、B11观察鼠兔视细胞的免疫组织化学反应。结果 鼠兔视细胞的免疫组织化学反应S70（-）、L31（ ）、H16（ ）、B11（-）。结论 鼠兔视细胞具有特异的视蛋白物质。     

经络是干细胞系——兼论微体、病毒是LTR基因进化的基本载体

经络系统就是由循行分布在组织中的成体干细胞及其定向干细胞构成的开放的复杂的巨系统 ,经穴、络穴是成体干细胞及其定向干细胞的富集点 ,经脉、络脉的分类对应着成体干细胞的划分归类[1] 。1　中医经络学说揭示了成体干细胞及其定向干细胞在组织中的循行分布规律干细胞 (ｓｔｅｍｃｅｌｌｓ) :是一类具有自我复制能力 (ｓｅｌｆ-ｒｅ ｎｅｗｉｎｇ)的多潜能细胞 ,分为胚胎干细胞 (ＥＳ细胞与ＥＧ细胞 )和成体干细胞。成体干细胞自我复制形成的干细胞群落是决定组织器官结构功能的“本源”与“中枢”。中医药物归经学说指出 ,中草药作用于…     

鬼臼毒素对人K562白血病细胞的作用研究

采用MTT法和流氏细胞仪技术,研究了天然药物鬼臼毒素（podophyllotoxin）对人慢性髓细胞性白血病K562细胞凋亡及细胞周期的影响。结果表明,鬼臼毒素对K562细胞的IC50是79.19unol。L^-1;C以IC50药物浓药作用人K562细胞24h,细胞凋亡率达到31.96%,G0-G1期峰前有亚二倍林峰出现,此结果说明鬼臼毒素能快速有效地诱导K562细胞发生凋亡。     

Pycnogenol inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells

Oxygen derived free radicals are now increasingly regarded as a primary force of tissue destruction and also have the ability to release histamine from mast cells. Pycnogenol is an extract of the bark of French maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) containing bioflavonoids with a potent ability to scavenge free radicals. Therefore Pycnogenol was investigated for inhibition of histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells. In addition, its effects were compared with sodium cromoglycate, a known inhibitor of histamine release from the mast cell. Rat peritoneal mast cells were isolated and purified by differential centrifugation and cells pooled from 3-4 animals were suspended at approximately 10(6) cells/mL buffered salt solution. Histamine release was induced by compound 48/80 or the calcium ionophore A-23187 and estimated from supernatant following extraction and by fluorimetric methods. Pycnogenol produced a concentration dependent inhibition of histamine release induced by the two secretagogues. Its inhibitory effect on mast cell histamine release was favourably comparable to sodium cromoglycate.     

Uncaria tomentosa stimulates the proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The Asháninkas, indigenous people of Peru, use cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) to restore health. Uncaria tomentosa has antioxidant activity and works as an agent to repair DNA damage. It causes different effects on cell proliferation depending on the cell type involved; specifically, it can stimulate the proliferation of myeloid progenitors and cause apoptosis of neoplastic cells. Neutropenia is the most common collateral effect of chemotherapy. For patients undergoing cancer treatment, the administration of a drug that stimulates the proliferation of healthy hematopoietic tissue cells is very desirable.It is important to assess the acute effects of Uncaria tomentosa on granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells (CFU-GM) and in the recovery of neutrophils after chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, by establishing the correlation with filgrastim (rhG-CSF) treatment to evaluate its possible use in clinical oncology.

Materials and methods

The in vivo assay was performed in ifosfamide-treated mice receiving oral doses of 5 and 15 mg of Uncaria tomentosa and intraperitoneal doses of 3 and 9 μg of filgrastim, respectively, for four days. Colony-forming cell (CFC) assays were performed with human hematopoietic stem/precursor cells (hHSPCs) obtained from umbilical cord blood (UCB).

Results

Bioassays showed that treatment with Uncaria tomentosa significantly increased the neutrophil count, and a potency of 85.2% was calculated in relation to filgrastim at the corresponding doses tested. An in vitro CFC assay showed an increase in CFU-GM size and mixed colonies (CFU-GEMM) size at the final concentrations of 100 and 200 μg extract/mL.

Conclusions

At the tested doses, Uncaria tomentosa had a positive effect on myeloid progenitor number and is promising for use with chemotherapy to minimize the adverse effects of this treatment. These results support the belief of the Asháninkas, who have classified Uncaria tomentosa as a ‘powerful plant’.     

Esculetin regulates the phenotype switching of airway smooth muscle cells

Airway remodeling is one important feature of childhood asthma, which is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases. Phenotype switching of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), defined as a reversible switching between contractile and proliferative phenotypes, plays an important role in the process of airway remodeling. Esculetin has shown antiinflammatory action in animal models of asthma; however, the effects of esculetin on ASMC phenotype switching have not been investigated. In the present study, platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) was used to induce the phenotype modulation of ASMCs. The results demonstrated that esculetin pretreatment mitigated the PDGF‐caused inhibitory effects on expressions of contractile phenotype protein markers, including calponin and SM22α. Esculetin also inhibited PDGF‐induced migration and proliferation of ASMCs. Besides, the PDGF‐induced expressions of extracellular matrix components, collagen I and fibronectin, were attenuated by esculetin pretreatment. Furthermore, PDGF‐caused activation of PI3K/Akt pathway in ASMCs was inhibited by esculetin. These findings suggest that esculetin might exert its inhibitory effect on PDGF‐induced ASMC phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway.