肾功能与冠状动脉病变程度及PCI术患者预后的关系

目的探讨肾功能与冠状动脉病变严重程度及急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)之间的关系。方法收集2010年1月至2010年10月因怀疑冠心病至山西医科大学第二医院行冠状动脉造影的344例住院患者,男性237例,其中不稳定型心绞痛(UA)组165例,急性心肌梗死(AMI)组93例,冠状动脉造影阴性设为对照组,共86例。以酶法测定血脂[总胆固醇(TC),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)],使用免疫透射比浊法测定Lp(a),以苦味酸法测定血浆肌酐(Scr);e GFR计算方法:a MDRD公式;根据改良Gensini积分对冠状动脉病变程度积分。结果 (1)对照组,UA组与AMI组Scr值分别为64.32±10.53μmol/L,70.54±13.42μmol/L及85.47±13.52μmol/L,对照组低于AMI组(P0.05);三组e GFR值分别为113.52±17.47 m L/(min·1.73 m2),88.54±14.53 m L/(min·1.73 m2)与80.53±13.63 m L/(min·1.73 m2)(P值均0.05);UA组与AMI组Gensini评分为40.54±23.45分与54.78±23.78分(P值0.05)。(2)e GFR与Gensini评分呈负相关关系(r=-0.507),LDLC(r=0.865)、TC(r=0.743)、Lp(a)(r=0.221)与Gensini评分呈正相关关系(P0.001)。(3)通过将TC、TG、LDLC、HDLC、Lp(a)、Scr、e GFR七项进行多因素Logistic回归分析,e GFR(OR=0.249,95%CI为0.132~0.472,P0.001)与LDLC(OR=15.724,95%CI为8.042~30.732,P0.001)及TC(OR=7.402,95%CI为4.534~12.083,P0.001)一同进入方程。(4)PCI术患者随访结果:随访时间、全因死亡率、MACE、阿司匹林及氯吡格雷服药时间、因心绞痛再住院率等差异均无统计学意义(P0.05).结论急性冠状动脉综合症与肾功能之间存在联系,肾功能越差急性冠状动脉综合征患者冠状动脉病变越严重。慢性肾功能不全是急性冠状动脉综合症诊断的独立危险因素。本研究尚未观察到肾功能损害影响PCI术患者的短期预后。     

普罗布考预防对比剂肾损害的随机化临床研究

Objective Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a significant clinical problem. We, therefore, performed a prospective, randomized trial to investigate the role of probueol in the prevention of CIAKI in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) and interventions (PCI). Methods We studied 205 patients with UAP, who underwent CAG or PCI prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to probucol group (n = 102) and control group (n= 103). In the probucol group, the patients received probucol tablets 500 mg b. i. d for 3 days before and after intervcntion. All the patients, after intervention, underwent hydration with intravenous saline at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 12 hours. Results Patients were well-matched with no significant differenced at baseline in majority measured parameters between two groups. CIAKI occurred in 23 of the 205 (11.22%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of CIAKI and clinical data. CIAKI was most strongly associated with Scr≥132.6 μmol/L (OR =21.11,95% CI 1.95-56. 06, P＜0.001), Ccr ＜60 ml/min (OR =4.19, 95%(2/1.94-9.05, P ＜0.001), heart function ＞ class Ⅱ (OR = 6.23, 95% CI 2.73-14.21, P ＜ 0.001), Diabetes (OR = 2.049, 95% CI1.19-5.25, P ＜ 0.001), age ≥ 70 yrs (OR = 3.52, 95% CI 1.66-7.43, P ＜ 0.001), coronary artery calcification shown by CAG (OR =4.29, 95% CI 1.99-9.24, P ＜ 0.001). The rate of CIAKI in probueol groups was slightly lower compared with control group (7.84% vs. 14.56%), without significant difference. The post-procedure mean peak of Scr [(101.62±42. 98) μmol/L vs. (117.67 ～68.77) μmol/L, P =0.047] and the post-procedure increasing Ser from baseline (ASer) [(13.49 ± 19. 61) μmoL/L vs.(22.50 ± 18.31) μmol/L, P =0.001] in the probucol group decreased significantly compared with that of control group. Conclusion Prophylactic treatment with probueol 500 mg b. i. d during periproeedural stage in patients with UAP has preventing role against CIAK1 after cardiac catheterization.     

普罗布考预防对比剂肾损害的随机化临床研究

Objective Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a significant clinical problem. We, therefore, performed a prospective, randomized trial to investigate the role of probueol in the prevention of CIAKI in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) and interventions (PCI). Methods We studied 205 patients with UAP, who underwent CAG or PCI prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to probucol group (n = 102) and control group (n= 103). In the probucol group, the patients received probucol tablets 500 mg b. i. d for 3 days before and after intervcntion. All the patients, after intervention, underwent hydration with intravenous saline at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 12 hours. Results Patients were well-matched with no significant differenced at baseline in majority measured parameters between two groups. CIAKI occurred in 23 of the 205 (11.22%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of CIAKI and clinical data. CIAKI was most strongly associated with Scr≥132.6 μmol/L (OR =21.11,95% CI 1.95-56. 06, P＜0.001), Ccr ＜60 ml/min (OR =4.19, 95%(2/1.94-9.05, P ＜0.001), heart function ＞ class Ⅱ (OR = 6.23, 95% CI 2.73-14.21, P ＜ 0.001), Diabetes (OR = 2.049, 95% CI1.19-5.25, P ＜ 0.001), age ≥ 70 yrs (OR = 3.52, 95% CI 1.66-7.43, P ＜ 0.001), coronary artery calcification shown by CAG (OR =4.29, 95% CI 1.99-9.24, P ＜ 0.001). The rate of CIAKI in probueol groups was slightly lower compared with control group (7.84% vs. 14.56%), without significant difference. The post-procedure mean peak of Scr [(101.62±42. 98) μmol/L vs. (117.67 ～68.77) μmol/L, P =0.047] and the post-procedure increasing Ser from baseline (ASer) [(13.49 ± 19. 61) μmoL/L vs.(22.50 ± 18.31) μmol/L, P =0.001] in the probucol group decreased significantly compared with that of control group. Conclusion Prophylactic treatment with probueol 500 mg b. i. d during periproeedural stage in patients with UAP has preventing role against CIAK1 after cardiac catheterization.     

普罗布考预防对比剂肾损害的随机化临床研究

Objective Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a significant clinical problem. We, therefore, performed a prospective, randomized trial to investigate the role of probueol in the prevention of CIAKI in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) and interventions (PCI). Methods We studied 205 patients with UAP, who underwent CAG or PCI prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to probucol group (n = 102) and control group (n= 103). In the probucol group, the patients received probucol tablets 500 mg b. i. d for 3 days before and after intervcntion. All the patients, after intervention, underwent hydration with intravenous saline at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 12 hours. Results Patients were well-matched with no significant differenced at baseline in majority measured parameters between two groups. CIAKI occurred in 23 of the 205 (11.22%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of CIAKI and clinical data. CIAKI was most strongly associated with Scr≥132.6 μmol/L (OR =21.11,95% CI 1.95-56. 06, P＜0.001), Ccr ＜60 ml/min (OR =4.19, 95%(2/1.94-9.05, P ＜0.001), heart function ＞ class Ⅱ (OR = 6.23, 95% CI 2.73-14.21, P ＜ 0.001), Diabetes (OR = 2.049, 95% CI1.19-5.25, P ＜ 0.001), age ≥ 70 yrs (OR = 3.52, 95% CI 1.66-7.43, P ＜ 0.001), coronary artery calcification shown by CAG (OR =4.29, 95% CI 1.99-9.24, P ＜ 0.001). The rate of CIAKI in probueol groups was slightly lower compared with control group (7.84% vs. 14.56%), without significant difference. The post-procedure mean peak of Scr [(101.62±42. 98) μmol/L vs. (117.67 ～68.77) μmol/L, P =0.047] and the post-procedure increasing Ser from baseline (ASer) [(13.49 ± 19. 61) μmoL/L vs.(22.50 ± 18.31) μmol/L, P =0.001] in the probucol group decreased significantly compared with that of control group. Conclusion Prophylactic treatment with probueol 500 mg b. i. d during periproeedural stage in patients with UAP has preventing role against CIAK1 after cardiac catheterization.     

普罗布考预防对比剂肾损害的随机化临床研究

Objective Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a significant clinical problem. We, therefore, performed a prospective, randomized trial to investigate the role of probueol in the prevention of CIAKI in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) and interventions (PCI). Methods We studied 205 patients with UAP, who underwent CAG or PCI prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to probucol group (n = 102) and control group (n= 103). In the probucol group, the patients received probucol tablets 500 mg b. i. d for 3 days before and after intervcntion. All the patients, after intervention, underwent hydration with intravenous saline at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 12 hours. Results Patients were well-matched with no significant differenced at baseline in majority measured parameters between two groups. CIAKI occurred in 23 of the 205 (11.22%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of CIAKI and clinical data. CIAKI was most strongly associated with Scr≥132.6 μmol/L (OR =21.11,95% CI 1.95-56. 06, P＜0.001), Ccr ＜60 ml/min (OR =4.19, 95%(2/1.94-9.05, P ＜0.001), heart function ＞ class Ⅱ (OR = 6.23, 95% CI 2.73-14.21, P ＜ 0.001), Diabetes (OR = 2.049, 95% CI1.19-5.25, P ＜ 0.001), age ≥ 70 yrs (OR = 3.52, 95% CI 1.66-7.43, P ＜ 0.001), coronary artery calcification shown by CAG (OR =4.29, 95% CI 1.99-9.24, P ＜ 0.001). The rate of CIAKI in probueol groups was slightly lower compared with control group (7.84% vs. 14.56%), without significant difference. The post-procedure mean peak of Scr [(101.62±42. 98) μmol/L vs. (117.67 ～68.77) μmol/L, P =0.047] and the post-procedure increasing Ser from baseline (ASer) [(13.49 ± 19. 61) μmoL/L vs.(22.50 ± 18.31) μmol/L, P =0.001] in the probucol group decreased significantly compared with that of control group. Conclusion Prophylactic treatment with probueol 500 mg b. i. d during periproeedural stage in patients with UAP has preventing role against CIAK1 after cardiac catheterization.     

普罗布考预防对比剂肾损害的随机化临床研究

Objective Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a significant clinical problem. We, therefore, performed a prospective, randomized trial to investigate the role of probueol in the prevention of CIAKI in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) and interventions (PCI). Methods We studied 205 patients with UAP, who underwent CAG or PCI prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to probucol group (n = 102) and control group (n= 103). In the probucol group, the patients received probucol tablets 500 mg b. i. d for 3 days before and after intervcntion. All the patients, after intervention, underwent hydration with intravenous saline at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 12 hours. Results Patients were well-matched with no significant differenced at baseline in majority measured parameters between two groups. CIAKI occurred in 23 of the 205 (11.22%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of CIAKI and clinical data. CIAKI was most strongly associated with Scr≥132.6 μmol/L (OR =21.11,95% CI 1.95-56. 06, P＜0.001), Ccr ＜60 ml/min (OR =4.19, 95%(2/1.94-9.05, P ＜0.001), heart function ＞ class Ⅱ (OR = 6.23, 95% CI 2.73-14.21, P ＜ 0.001), Diabetes (OR = 2.049, 95% CI1.19-5.25, P ＜ 0.001), age ≥ 70 yrs (OR = 3.52, 95% CI 1.66-7.43, P ＜ 0.001), coronary artery calcification shown by CAG (OR =4.29, 95% CI 1.99-9.24, P ＜ 0.001). The rate of CIAKI in probueol groups was slightly lower compared with control group (7.84% vs. 14.56%), without significant difference. The post-procedure mean peak of Scr [(101.62±42. 98) μmol/L vs. (117.67 ～68.77) μmol/L, P =0.047] and the post-procedure increasing Ser from baseline (ASer) [(13.49 ± 19. 61) μmoL/L vs.(22.50 ± 18.31) μmol/L, P =0.001] in the probucol group decreased significantly compared with that of control group. Conclusion Prophylactic treatment with probueol 500 mg b. i. d during periproeedural stage in patients with UAP has preventing role against CIAK1 after cardiac catheterization.     

普罗布考预防对比剂肾损害的随机化临床研究

Objective Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a significant clinical problem. We, therefore, performed a prospective, randomized trial to investigate the role of probueol in the prevention of CIAKI in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) and interventions (PCI). Methods We studied 205 patients with UAP, who underwent CAG or PCI prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to probucol group (n = 102) and control group (n= 103). In the probucol group, the patients received probucol tablets 500 mg b. i. d for 3 days before and after intervcntion. All the patients, after intervention, underwent hydration with intravenous saline at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 12 hours. Results Patients were well-matched with no significant differenced at baseline in majority measured parameters between two groups. CIAKI occurred in 23 of the 205 (11.22%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of CIAKI and clinical data. CIAKI was most strongly associated with Scr≥132.6 μmol/L (OR =21.11,95% CI 1.95-56. 06, P＜0.001), Ccr ＜60 ml/min (OR =4.19, 95%(2/1.94-9.05, P ＜0.001), heart function ＞ class Ⅱ (OR = 6.23, 95% CI 2.73-14.21, P ＜ 0.001), Diabetes (OR = 2.049, 95% CI1.19-5.25, P ＜ 0.001), age ≥ 70 yrs (OR = 3.52, 95% CI 1.66-7.43, P ＜ 0.001), coronary artery calcification shown by CAG (OR =4.29, 95% CI 1.99-9.24, P ＜ 0.001). The rate of CIAKI in probueol groups was slightly lower compared with control group (7.84% vs. 14.56%), without significant difference. The post-procedure mean peak of Scr [(101.62±42. 98) μmol/L vs. (117.67 ～68.77) μmol/L, P =0.047] and the post-procedure increasing Ser from baseline (ASer) [(13.49 ± 19. 61) μmoL/L vs.(22.50 ± 18.31) μmol/L, P =0.001] in the probucol group decreased significantly compared with that of control group. Conclusion Prophylactic treatment with probueol 500 mg b. i. d during periproeedural stage in patients with UAP has preventing role against CIAK1 after cardiac catheterization.     

普罗布考预防对比剂肾损害的随机化临床研究

Objective Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a significant clinical problem. We, therefore, performed a prospective, randomized trial to investigate the role of probueol in the prevention of CIAKI in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) and interventions (PCI). Methods We studied 205 patients with UAP, who underwent CAG or PCI prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to probucol group (n = 102) and control group (n= 103). In the probucol group, the patients received probucol tablets 500 mg b. i. d for 3 days before and after intervcntion. All the patients, after intervention, underwent hydration with intravenous saline at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 12 hours. Results Patients were well-matched with no significant differenced at baseline in majority measured parameters between two groups. CIAKI occurred in 23 of the 205 (11.22%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of CIAKI and clinical data. CIAKI was most strongly associated with Scr≥132.6 μmol/L (OR =21.11,95% CI 1.95-56. 06, P＜0.001), Ccr ＜60 ml/min (OR =4.19, 95%(2/1.94-9.05, P ＜0.001), heart function ＞ class Ⅱ (OR = 6.23, 95% CI 2.73-14.21, P ＜ 0.001), Diabetes (OR = 2.049, 95% CI1.19-5.25, P ＜ 0.001), age ≥ 70 yrs (OR = 3.52, 95% CI 1.66-7.43, P ＜ 0.001), coronary artery calcification shown by CAG (OR =4.29, 95% CI 1.99-9.24, P ＜ 0.001). The rate of CIAKI in probueol groups was slightly lower compared with control group (7.84% vs. 14.56%), without significant difference. The post-procedure mean peak of Scr [(101.62±42. 98) μmol/L vs. (117.67 ～68.77) μmol/L, P =0.047] and the post-procedure increasing Ser from baseline (ASer) [(13.49 ± 19. 61) μmoL/L vs.(22.50 ± 18.31) μmol/L, P =0.001] in the probucol group decreased significantly compared with that of control group. Conclusion Prophylactic treatment with probueol 500 mg b. i. d during periproeedural stage in patients with UAP has preventing role against CIAK1 after cardiac catheterization.     

普罗布考预防对比剂肾损害的随机化临床研究

Objective Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a significant clinical problem. We, therefore, performed a prospective, randomized trial to investigate the role of probueol in the prevention of CIAKI in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) and interventions (PCI). Methods We studied 205 patients with UAP, who underwent CAG or PCI prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to probucol group (n = 102) and control group (n= 103). In the probucol group, the patients received probucol tablets 500 mg b. i. d for 3 days before and after intervcntion. All the patients, after intervention, underwent hydration with intravenous saline at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 12 hours. Results Patients were well-matched with no significant differenced at baseline in majority measured parameters between two groups. CIAKI occurred in 23 of the 205 (11.22%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of CIAKI and clinical data. CIAKI was most strongly associated with Scr≥132.6 μmol/L (OR =21.11,95% CI 1.95-56. 06, P＜0.001), Ccr ＜60 ml/min (OR =4.19, 95%(2/1.94-9.05, P ＜0.001), heart function ＞ class Ⅱ (OR = 6.23, 95% CI 2.73-14.21, P ＜ 0.001), Diabetes (OR = 2.049, 95% CI1.19-5.25, P ＜ 0.001), age ≥ 70 yrs (OR = 3.52, 95% CI 1.66-7.43, P ＜ 0.001), coronary artery calcification shown by CAG (OR =4.29, 95% CI 1.99-9.24, P ＜ 0.001). The rate of CIAKI in probueol groups was slightly lower compared with control group (7.84% vs. 14.56%), without significant difference. The post-procedure mean peak of Scr [(101.62±42. 98) μmol/L vs. (117.67 ～68.77) μmol/L, P =0.047] and the post-procedure increasing Ser from baseline (ASer) [(13.49 ± 19. 61) μmoL/L vs.(22.50 ± 18.31) μmol/L, P =0.001] in the probucol group decreased significantly compared with that of control group. Conclusion Prophylactic treatment with probueol 500 mg b. i. d during periproeedural stage in patients with UAP has preventing role against CIAK1 after cardiac catheterization.     

普罗布考预防对比剂肾损害的随机化临床研究

Objective Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a significant clinical problem. We, therefore, performed a prospective, randomized trial to investigate the role of probueol in the prevention of CIAKI in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) and interventions (PCI). Methods We studied 205 patients with UAP, who underwent CAG or PCI prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to probucol group (n = 102) and control group (n= 103). In the probucol group, the patients received probucol tablets 500 mg b. i. d for 3 days before and after intervcntion. All the patients, after intervention, underwent hydration with intravenous saline at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 12 hours. Results Patients were well-matched with no significant differenced at baseline in majority measured parameters between two groups. CIAKI occurred in 23 of the 205 (11.22%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of CIAKI and clinical data. CIAKI was most strongly associated with Scr≥132.6 μmol/L (OR =21.11,95% CI 1.95-56. 06, P＜0.001), Ccr ＜60 ml/min (OR =4.19, 95%(2/1.94-9.05, P ＜0.001), heart function ＞ class Ⅱ (OR = 6.23, 95% CI 2.73-14.21, P ＜ 0.001), Diabetes (OR = 2.049, 95% CI1.19-5.25, P ＜ 0.001), age ≥ 70 yrs (OR = 3.52, 95% CI 1.66-7.43, P ＜ 0.001), coronary artery calcification shown by CAG (OR =4.29, 95% CI 1.99-9.24, P ＜ 0.001). The rate of CIAKI in probueol groups was slightly lower compared with control group (7.84% vs. 14.56%), without significant difference. The post-procedure mean peak of Scr [(101.62±42. 98) μmol/L vs. (117.67 ～68.77) μmol/L, P =0.047] and the post-procedure increasing Ser from baseline (ASer) [(13.49 ± 19. 61) μmoL/L vs.(22.50 ± 18.31) μmol/L, P =0.001] in the probucol group decreased significantly compared with that of control group. Conclusion Prophylactic treatment with probueol 500 mg b. i. d during periproeedural stage in patients with UAP has preventing role against CIAK1 after cardiac catheterization.     

高敏C反应蛋白水平与阿托伐他汀对急性冠状动脉综合征患者对比剂所致肾功能损害影响的关系

目的 研究冠状动脉介入术前高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平对急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者术后肾功能改变的影响及阿托伐他汀的干预作用。方法 270例ACS患者根据术前hs-CRP值分为3组：hs-CRP升高组（hs-CRP≥3 mg/L,n=176）、hs-CRP轻度升高组(hs-CRP 1 ～3mg/L,n =60)和hs-CRP正常组(hs-CRP＜1 mg/L,n=34)。根据术前阿托伐他汀的用量,将176例hs-CRP升高组患者进一步分为阿托伐他汀10 mg组(n=49)、20 mg组（n=66）和40 mg组(n=61)。所有患者于术前、术后第1天、术后第2天分别测定血清肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)、胱抑素C(Cys C)及hs-CRP,根据Scr计算出肌酐清除率(CCr),据Cys C计算肾小球滤过率(GFR)。以术后发生对比剂急性肾损害(CI-AKI)为因变量,采用多因素logistic逐步回归分析肾功能损害的影响因素。结果 (1)与hs-CRP正常组相比,hs-CRP升高组术后Cys C和Scr较高,而GFR较低(P＜0.05),hs-CRP轻度升高组术后Cys C较高、GFR较低(P＜0.05),而Scr差异无统计学意义。(2)270例患者中106例发生CI-AKI,总发生率39.26％。Hs-CRP升高组76例(43.18％),hs-CRP轻度升高组23例(38.33％);hs-CRP正常组7例(20.59％),3组间CI-AKI发生率差异有统计学意义(X2=6.13,P＜0.05)。(3)在hs-CRP升高患者,40mg阿托伐他汀组术后GFR高于10 mg与20 mg阿托伐他汀组(P＜0.05),Cys C与hs-CRP低于10 mg阿托伐他汀组(P＜0.05),20 mg阿托伐他汀组术后hs-CRP也低于10 mg阿托伐他汀组(P＜0.05)。(4) logistic回归结果显示,使用高剂量阿托伐他汀是术后发生CI-AKI的保护因素(20 mg阿托伐他汀：OR =0.15,95％ CI:0.06 ～0.33,P=0.001;40 mg阿托伐他汀：OR =0.10,95％ CI:0.04 ～0.23,P=0.001),而术前高水平hs-CRP(OR=2.06,95％ CI:1.01 ～4.23,P=0.048)、糖尿病(OR=10.71,95％ CI:5.29 ～21.70,P=0.001)、高龄(OR=2.64,95％ CI:1.05 ～6.63,P=0.038)、肾功能不全（OR =5.14,95％ CI:1.13 ～ 23.39,P=0.034）是CI-AKI的独立危险因素。结论 对比剂对ACS患者可造成肾功能损害,特别是对术前hs-CRP升高患者,高hs-CRP是肾功能损害的独立危险因素。PCI前给予40 mg阿托伐他汀可显著降低术后炎症水平,并减少对比剂对肾功能的损害。     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因 C677 T多态性与中国山东地区汉族人群缺血性卒中、高尿酸血症的相关性

目的：探讨亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase,MTHFR）基因C677 T 多态性与中国山东地区汉族人群缺血性卒中、高尿酸血症的相关性。方法纳入山东地区汉族急性缺血性卒中患者和年龄、性别相匹配的对照者。采用聚合酶链反应扩增和芯片杂交显色技术检测MTHFR基因C677T 多态性,并测定血清尿酸浓度。结果共纳入山东地区汉族急性缺血性卒中患者145例和年龄、性别相匹配的对照者145名。缺血性卒中组糖尿病构成比（26.90％对6.89％;χ2=20.653,P<0.001）以及空腹血糖[（5.56±1.57）mmol/L对（5.01±1.11）mmol/L;t=－3.390, P=0.001]、高半胱氨酸[中位数,四分位数间距：18.2（16.30~22.55）μmol/L对15.20（12.10~17.85）μmol/L;Z=－6.323,P<0.001]和尿酸[43.0（361.60~490.45）μmol/L对285.9（267.00~346.25）μm o l/L;Z=－10.360, P<0.001]水平均显著高于对照组;缺血性卒中组 T T 基因型（42.07％对15.17％;χ2=25.673, P<0.001）和 T 等位基因（58.28％对34.48％;χ2=33.008, P<0.001）分布频率均显著高于对照组。多变量logistic回归分析显示,尿酸[优势比（ odds ratio, OR）1.018,95％可信区间（confidence interval, CI）1.013~1.024;P<0.001]、TT 基因型（对CT 基因型, OR 6.774,95％CI 1.779~25.507;P=0.005）、高血压（ OR 1.919,95％CI 1.013~3.636;P=0.045）、高半胱氨酸（ OR 1.153,95％CI 1.059~1.258;P=0.001）为缺血性卒中的独立危险因素。将缺血性卒中组与对照组合并,共101例存在高尿酸血症,189例尿酸正常。高尿酸血症组糖尿病患者构成比（32.67％对11.64％;χ2=23.749, P<0.001）以及总胆固醇[（5.67±1.56）mmol/L对（5.10±1.33）mmol/L;t=－3.255,P<0.001]和高半胱氨酸[19.50（17.10~24.70）μmol/L对15.40（12.60~18.05）μmol/L;Z=－7.236,P<0.001]水平显著高于尿酸正常组,TT 基因型（55.45％对13.76％;χ2=56.409,P<0.001）和T等位基因（71.79％对32.54％;χ2=79.561,P<0.001）分布频率显著高于尿酸正常组。多变量logistic回归分析显示,TT 基因型（对CC 基因型,OR 6.434,95％CI 2.334~17.736;P<0.001）、CT 基因型（对CC基因型,OR 2.234,95％CI 1.019~4.898;P=0.045）、高半胱氨酸（OR 1.081,95％CI 1.010~1.157;P=0.024）、总胆固醇（OR 1.363,95％CI 1.123~1.653;P=0.002）为高尿酸血症的独立危险因素。结论 MTHFR基因C677T TT 基因型和血清尿酸水平是中国山东地区汉族人群缺血性卒中的独立危险因素,MTHFR基因C677T TT 基因型亦为该人群高尿酸血症的独立危险因素,调整饮食习惯可能对山东地区汉族人群缺血性卒中的预防具有积极意义。     

入院高血糖对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入后复流的影响

目的 评价入院血糖水平与ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者急诊经皮冠状动脉(冠脉)介入治疗(PCI)后复流的相关性.方法 入选2007-2010年共1413例ST段抬高型AMI并在发病24 h内成功进行急诊PCI的患者,分为无复流组和复流正常组,收集所有患者的临床、冠脉造影和PCI相关的资料以评价复流现象,采用多元回归方法 评价无复流的独立预测因素.结果 1413例患者中发生无复流现象的患者为297例(21.0%),无复流患者入院血糖水平显著高于复流正常患者[(13.80±7.47)mmol/L比(9.67±5.79)mmol/L,P＜0.0001],多元回归分析发现吸烟、高脂血症、再灌注时间＞6 h、入院肌酐清除率＜90 ml/min、PCI前使用主动脉内气囊反搏和入院血糖水平＞13.0 mmol/L是ST段抬高型AMI患者急诊PCI后无复流的独立预测因素.随着入院血糖水平的逐渐增加,无复流发生率也显著增加,血糖水平为＜7.8 mmol/L和＞13.0 mmol/L时,无复流发生率分别为14.6%和36.7%(P=0.009).结论 入院血糖水平＞13.0 mmol/L是ST段抬高型AMI患者急诊PCI后无复流的独立预测因素.

Abstract：

Objective To assess the association between admission plasma glucose (APG) and noreflow during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods A total of 1413 patients with STEMI successfully treated with PCI were divided into no-reflow group and normal reflow group. Results The no-reflow was found in 297 patients (21.0%) of 1413 patients; their APG level was significantly higher than that of the normal reflow group [( 13.80 ±7.47) vs (9.67 ±5.79) mmol/L, P＜0.0001]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that current smoking ( OR 1.146, 95% CI 1.026-1. 839,P = 0.031), hyperlipidemia ( OR 1. 082,95% CI 1. 007-1. 162, P = 0. 032), long reperfusion ( ＞ 6 h, OR 1. 271, 95% CI 1. 158-1. 403, P =0. 001 ) , admission creatinine clearance ( ＜ 90 ml/min, OR 1.046, 95% CI 1. 007-1.086, P = 0.020 ) ,IABP use before PCI (OR 9.346, 95%CI 1.314-67. 199, P=0.026), and APG ( ＞ 13.0 mmol/L, OR1.269, 95% CI 1.156-1.402, P = 0.027) were the independent no-reflow predictors. The no-reflow incidence was increased as APG increased ( 14. 6% in patients with APG ＜ 7. 8 mmol/L and 36. 7% in patients with APG ＞ 13.0 mmol/L, P = 0.009 ). Conclusion APG ＞ 13.0 mmol/L is an independent noreflow predictor in patients with STEMI and PPCI.     

血清尿酸、胆红素水平与急性缺血性卒中患者近期转归的相关性

目的：探讨基线尿酸水平及胆红素水平与急性缺血性卒中患者短期转归的关系。方法收集缺血性卒中患者的临床资料,包括入院时血清尿酸和胆红素水平、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS)评分、出院时或第14天时改良 Rankin 量表(modified Rankin Scale, mRS)评分(0~2分定义为转归良好,>2分定义为转归不良)。结果共纳入急性缺血性卒中患者162例,转归良好组114例,转归不良组48例。2组之间糖尿病(51．75%对75．00%;χ2=7．526,P =0．006)、既往卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作( transient ischemic attack, TIA)史(18．42%对50．00%;χ2=17．790, P <0．001)的患者构成比以及基线舒张压[(87．061±12．245)mmHg 对(82．375±10．949)mmHg,1 mmHg =0．133 kPa;t =2．293,P =0．023]、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[(1．604±0．299)mmol/L 对(1．265±0．206)mmol/L; t =3．227, P =0．002]、空腹血糖[(2．875±0．438)mmol/L 对(8．160±0．592)mmol/L; t =-4．761, P <0．001)]、尿酸[(289．365±77．168)μmol/L 对(248．206±66．206)μmol/L; t =3．111, P =0．002]、总胆红素[(14．673±2．213)μmol/L 对(10．395±2．714)μmol/L; t =3．779, P <0．001]、直接胆红素[(6．036±1．392)μmol/L 对(4．956±1．379)μmol/L; t =2．088, P =0．038]、间接胆红素[(8．634±2．307)μmol/L 对(5．439±1．223)μmol/L;t =4．219,P <0．001]水平存在显著差异。多变量 logistic回归分析显示,既往卒中或 TIA 史[优势比(odds ratio, OR)3．751,95%可信区间(confidence interval, CI)1．395~10．091;P =0．009]和基线 NIHSS 评分(OR 2．723,95% CI 1．093~6．783;P =0．031)是缺血性卒中转归不良的独立危险因素,而尿酸(OR 0．357,95% CI 0．141~0．900;P =0．029)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(OR 0．262,95% CI 0．079~0．870;P =0．029)和间接胆红素(OR 0．117,95% CI 0．025~0．539;P =0．006)与转归良好独立相关。结论基线尿酸和间接胆红素水平增高是急性缺血性卒中患者转归良好的有利因素。     

血清总胆红素水平与急性缺血性卒中患者梗死灶体积、严重程度和病因学分型的相关性

目的 探讨血清总胆红素水平与急性缺血性卒中患者梗死灶体积、卒中严重程度和病因学分型的相关性.方法 以2012年1月至2014年1月期间收治的急性缺血性卒中患者作为研究对象,收集其临床和影像学资料,并检测血清总胆红素水平,分析血清总胆红素水平与缺血性卒中患者梗死灶体积、卒中严重程度和病因学分型的相关性.结果 共纳入290例急性缺血性卒中患者.根据脑梗死体积中位数将患者分为大梗死组(≥1.8 cm3;n=145)和小梗死组(＜1.8 cm3;n=145).大梗死组总胆红素水平显著高于小梗死组[(16.896±7.761) μmol/L对(13.039±4.477) μmol/L;=5.185,P＜0.001],多变量logistic回归分析显示,总胆红素最高四分位数组(＞17.893 μmol/L)为大梗死的独立危险因素[优势比(odds ratio,OR)2.754,95％可信区间(confidence interval,CI)1.028～7.375;P =0.044].根据美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分将患者分为轻度卒中组(NIHSS评分＜8分;n=210)和中重度卒中组(NIHSS评分≥8分;n=80),中重度卒中组的总胆红素水平显著高于轻度卒中组[(16.861±7.689) μmol/L对(14.246±6.019)μmol/L;=3.052,P=0.002],多变量logistic回归分析显示,总胆红素水平并非中重度卒中的独立危险因素.将小动脉闭塞性卒中、大动脉粥样硬化性卒中和其他明确病因的卒中合并为非心源性脑栓塞组(n =244),心源性脑栓塞组(n=46)总胆红素水平显著高于非心源性脑栓塞组[(19.639±8.409) μmol/L对(14.087±5.831) μmol/L;t =5.479,P＜0.001],多变量logistic回归分析显示,总胆红素最高四分位数组(＞ 17.893 μmol/L)为心源性脑栓塞的独立危险因素(OR 8.405,95％ CI 1.719 ～41.106;P=0.009).结论 血清总胆红素水平升高是大梗死卒中和心源性脑栓塞的独立危险因素.急性期血清总胆红素作为一种氧化应激指标,可为早期判断缺血性卒中患者的梗死灶体积和病因学亚型提供帮助.     

血浆同型半胱氨酸浓度与短暂性脑缺血发作的关系

目的:探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)浓度与短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)及传统血管危险因素的关系.方法:采用荧光偏振免疫分析法测定112例TIA患者和62例对照者的血浆Hcy浓度,分析Hcy浓度及相关危险因素.结果:与血浆Hcy浓度＜10.0 μmol/L组相比,血浆Hcy浓度10.0～14.9 μmol/L组(OR=2.450,95% CI 1.091～5.502)和≥15.0 μmol/L组(OR=5.169,95% CI 2.096～12.746)的TIA风险显著增高.将TIA作为应变量,各种血管危险因素(包括Hcy浓度)作为自变量,进行 logistic 回归分析,结果显示,与血浆Hcy浓度＜10.0 μmol/L组相比,血浆Hcy浓度＞10.0 μmol/L组TIA风险显著增高(OR=3.150,95% CI 1.380-7.192).结论:血浆Hcy浓度是TIA的独立危险因素.     

Meta分析：普罗布考对对比剂急性肾损伤的影响

目的系统评价普罗布考对行冠状动脉造影（CAG）或经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）对比剂急性肾损伤（CIAKI）的影响,评价其保护作用的强度、特点及不良反应。方法采用Cochrane系统评价的方法,电子检索中文和英文文献数据库,并手工检索相关随机对照试验的参考文献。评价纳入研究的特点和研究质量,提取有效数据,采用RevMan 5.0软件进行Meta分析。结果普罗布考对CIAKI作用的研究共纳入11篇文献,讲述8个随机对照试验,涉及1938例患者。共有7项研究涉及1298例患者,对比了CIAKI的发生情况,总发生率为10.9%（141/1298）,CIAKI在普罗布考组发生率为5.7%（37/652）,较对照组16.1%（104/646）发生率低（RR 0.37,95%CI 0.26～0.53）。普罗布考组术后血肌酸酐值较对照组低,第1天（WMD-6.76,95%CI-9.33～-4.20）μmol/L,第2天（WMD-16.90,95%CI-22.61～-11.19）μmol/L,第3天（WMD-11.05,95%CI-17.65～-4.45）μmol/L;术后血肌酸酐峰值亦较对照组低[（WMD-14.58,95%CI-19.00～-10.16）μmol/L]。普罗布考组术后尿中肾损伤分子1（KIM-1）较低[WMD-3.64,95%CI-3.72～-3.57）ng/ml],血清胱抑素C（CysC）亦较低。结论术前或术后口服普罗布考对CIAKI有保护作用,可以抑制CAG或PCI术后的血肌酸酐及CysC等肾损伤指标升高,减少约60%的对比剂相关性肾病发生率,无显著不良反应。     

急性缺血性卒中患者急性肾损伤的危险因素

目的 探讨缺血性卒中患者并发急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury, AKI)的危险因素.方法 回顾性纳入缺血性卒中患者,收集一般临床资料、血管危险因素、药物使用情况、卒中病因学分型、卒中严重程度和基线生化指标等.根据是否发生AKI分为并发AKI组和对照组.采用多变量logistic回归分析缺血性卒中患者发生AKI的独立危险因素.结果 共纳入214例缺血性卒中患者,其中32例(14.95%)发生AKI,182例(85.05%)未发生AKI.AKI组心力衰竭(62.50%对41.21%;χ2=4.998,P=0.025)、应用甘露醇(87.50%对43.96%;χ2=20.643,P<0.001)和呋塞米(87.50%对43.96%;χ2=20.643,P<0.001)、应用对比剂(37.50%对19.23%;χ2=5.300,P=0.021)和对比剂用量>200 ml(28.13%对9.89%;χ2=6.637,P=0.010)患者构成比以及NIHSS评分[(18.0±4.5)分对(8.0±3.2)分;t=15.249,P<0.001]、舒张压[(89.98±9.12)mmHg对(80.56±8.19)mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa;t=5.898,P<0.001]、空腹血糖[(10.54±4.31)mmol/L对(6.32±1.32)mmol/L;t=5.898,P<0.001]、血尿素氮水平[(11.21±2.13)mmol/L对(7.98±2.34)mmol/L;t=7.293,P<0.001]、动脉血乳酸浓度[(3.98±0.12)mmol/L对(0.91±0.25)mmol/L;t=68.003,P<0.001]均显著高于非AKI组.多变量logistic回归分析示,在校正各种混杂因素后,NIHSS评分较高[优势比(odds ratio, OR) 1.910,95%可信区间(confidence interval, CI) 1.517~6.012;P=0.024]、舒张压较高(OR 1.816,95% CI 1.652~3.876;P=0.018)、动脉血乳酸浓度(OR 1.553,95% CI 1.256~1.763;P=0.019)、应用脱水剂(甘露醇:OR 3.765,95% CI 2.081~9.658,P=0.017;呋塞米:OR 5.329,95% CI 3.085~8.763,P=0.010)、应用对比剂(OR 2.097,95% CI 1.364~2.456;P=0.031)以及对比剂>200 ml(OR 3.294,95% CI 1.464~2.786;P=0.021)是缺血性卒中患者AKI的独立危险因素.结论 NIHSS评分、舒张压、动脉血乳酸浓度、应用甘露醇和呋塞米以及应用对比剂和对比剂剂量>200 ml与缺血性卒中患者AKI独立相关.     

血清可溶性CD40配体水平与缺血性卒中发病风险、严重程度和梗死体积的相关性

目的探讨血清可溶性CD40配体(soluble CD40 ligand,sCD40L)水平与缺血性卒中发病风险、严重程度和梗死体积的相关性.方法纳入连续住院的急性缺血性卒中患者作为病例组,健康体检者作为对照组.收集病例组和对照组人口统计学、血管危险因素和临床资料.采用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清sCD40L水平.缺血性卒中患者根据基线美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke scale,NIHSS)评分分为轻度卒中组(＜8分)和中重度卒中组(≥8分),根据梗死体积中位数分为大梗死组和小梗死组.结果 共纳入106例急性缺血性卒中患者,其中男性59例(55.7％),女性47例(44.3％),平均年龄(71.31±11.27)岁;对照组86例,其中男性45例(52.3％),女性41例(47.7％),平均年龄(73.56 ±9.32)岁;大梗死组(≥1.8 cm3)41例(38.7％),小梗死组(＜1.8 cm3)65例(61.3％);轻度卒中69例(65.1％),中重度卒中37例(34.9％).缺血性卒中组基线血清sCD40L水平显著高于对照组[(5.61±1.68) mg/L对(3.56±1.32)mg/L;扣9.236,P＜0.01],缺血性卒中组入院14 d时血清sCD40L水平[(4.19±1.45)mg/L]较基线水平显著降低(P＜0.01),但仍然显著高于对照组(P＜0.01).多变量logistic回归分析显示,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[优势比(odds ratio,OR)3.358,95％可信区间(confidence interval,CI)2.681 ～4.056;P ＜0.001]和血清sCD40L(OR5.103,95％ CI2.317 ～8.903;P ＜0.001)水平较高是缺血性卒中的独立危险因素;血清sCD40L水平较高(第4四分位数对第1四分位数,OR4.017,95％ CI1.608 ～ 10.037;P=0.003)、大动脉粥样硬化性卒中(OR2.321,95％ CI1.014 ～ 5.314;P=0.046)、皮质-皮质下梗死(OR 2.679,95％ CI1.111 ～6.460;P=0.028)和梗死灶体积较大(OR 3.216,95％ CI1.398～7.395;P=0.006)为中重度卒中的独立危险因素;血清sCD40L水平较高(第4四分位数对第1四分位数,OR 3.142,95％ CI1.274 ～7.745;P =0.013)、大动脉粥样硬化性卒中(OR 2.965,95％CI1.299 ～6.767;P=0.010)、皮质-皮质下梗死(OR4.750,95％ CI 1.909～11.818;P＜0.001)和基线NIHSS评分≥8分(OR 8.509,95％ CI3.432 ～21.094;P ＜0.001)为大梗死的独立危险因素.结论血清sCD40L 水平与缺血性卒中发病、梗死体积和严重程度密切相关.     

血液学指标对复发脑梗死的诊疗价值

目的探讨血液学指标对预测脑梗死复发的价值,为缺血性脑血管病的二级预防开辟新的思路。方法将200例急性脑梗死患者根据头颅MRI结果分为首发性脑梗死组（FIS）109例,复发性脑梗死组（RIS）91例。记录其复发的危险因素,如年龄、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症等,同时于发病72h内测定d-二聚体、蛋白S、蛋白C、抗凝血酶Ⅲ、血栓调节蛋白（TM）、组织型纤溶酶原激活物（t—PA）、组织型纤溶酶原激活物抑制物、同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）以及抗心磷脂抗体等9项血液学指标。结果①RIS组患者平均年龄为（59±9）岁,FIS组患者为（56±10）岁;RIS组患者合并高血压的比率（83．5％）明显高于FIS组（71．6％）。②与FIS组患者相比,RIS组患者血液学指标紊乱严重,9项中有6项表现出明显的差异：蛋白s在RIS和FIS组分别为（23±7）μg/ml、（25±6）μg/ml,P=0．002;蛋白C在RIS和FIS组分别为（4．5±1．5）μg/ml、（4．9±1．7）μg/ml,P=0．05,显示蛋白S和蛋白C在RIS组降低。RIS组TM增高[（30±13）μg/L、（26±7）μg/L,P=0．01];RIS组t—PA较FIS组增多[（7．6±3．0）斗μg/L、（6．7±2．6）μg/L,P=0．025]。RIS组患者血浆Hcy浓度[（23±10）μmol／L]较FIS组[（17±6）μmol／L]升高,P〈0．01。RIS组患者抗心磷脂抗体IgG（ACAIgG）阳性的比例比FIS组高（18．7％、5．5％,P=0．004）。③多因素Logistic回归分析显示,高血压（OR=2．050;95％CI：1．53～6．53）、高龄（OR=1．025;95％CI：1．00～1．05）、蛋白C降低（OR=0．692;95％CI=0．54～0．88）、高同型半胱氨酸血症（OR=1．074;95％CI：1．03～1．12）以及抗心磷脂抗体IgG阳性（OR=3．426;95％CI：1．19～9．84）是预测脑梗死复发的独立危险因素。结论血液学指标失衡可增加脑梗死复发风险,定期检测血液学相关指标有助于早期预测脑梗死的复发。