Mirizzi综合征的诊断和腹腔镜胆囊切除术14例临床体会

目的探讨Mirizzi综合征的诊断和腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）术中处理方法。方法回顾性分析2002年1月～2009年2月965例LC中14例Mirizzi综合征患者的临床资料。结果18例中Ⅰ型12例,11例施行LC术,1例中转开腹;Ⅰ型4例,3例施行LC术,行胆囊大部分切除术、瘘口修补术、胆总管切开T管引流术,1例中转开腹;Ⅲ型2例均中转开腹,所有病例均痊愈。无胆瘘病例,无胆管狭窄并发症发生。结论B超是首选的检查方法．ERCP、MRCP能提高术前诊断率,腹腔镜能安全处理大部分Ⅰ型Mirizzi综合征和部分Ⅱ型Mirizzi综合征病例。     

Mirizzi综合征的腹腔镜治疗

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术对Mirizzi综合征的效果及术中处理方法.方法:对采用LC治疗的16例Mirizzi综合征病例进行回顾性研究.结果:16例采用腹腔镜手术治疗,Ⅰ型12例行胆囊切除术,Ⅱ型2例行胆囊大部切除术,Ⅲ型1例行T管引流术,Ⅳ型1例行胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合.结论:在熟练掌握腹腔镜的前提下,腹腔镜治疗Mirizzi综合征的Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型是安全可行的方法.     

Mirizzi 综合征的腹腔镜治疗体会

[目的] 探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术中Mirizzi综合征的治疗方法.[方法] 回顾分析3517例腹腔镜胆囊切除术中17例Mirizzi综合征的临床资料.[结果] 本组17例患者中15例在腹腔镜下完成,行胆囊全切除或大部切除或加T管引流术,其中2例手术困难中转开腹手术.所有患者均获长期随访,无严重的并发症发生.[结论] 腹腔镜胆囊切除术是治疗Mirizzi综合征Ⅰ、Ⅱ型安全有效的方法.     

Mirizzi综合征的腹腔镜诊治

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术对确诊Mirizzi综合征的价值和术中处理方法。方法对本院1998年7月至2005年2月完成的腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)3837例进行回顾性研究,其中术中确诊Mirizzi综合征42例,占同期LC的1.09%。结果42例中Ⅰ型36例,其中34例成功实施LC,2例因Calot三角区粘连严重中转开腹;6例Ⅱ型者中3例行腹腔镜下一期缝合修复瘘口,3例中转开腹用部分胆囊壁组织缝合覆盖于瘘口。术后发生低流量胆漏1例经引流抗炎后治愈,余均未发生并发症。结论腹腔镜下探查结合术中胆道造影是确诊Mirizzi综合征的可靠方法,依靠术者的经验积累和耐心细致的操作,根据病理损伤程度采用合理的手术方式,预后良好。     

腹腔镜手术治疗Mirizzi综合征的临床研究

目的 探讨腹腔镜手术治疗Mirizzi综合征的临床疗效.方法 对1997年2月～2009年6月经腹腔镜手术证实的72例Mirizzi综合征患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.其中,术前确诊33例(术前组),术中诊断39例(术中组),比较两组患者的腹腔镜手术并发症发生率.结果 结合术中情况,确定为Ⅰ型41例,Ⅱ型27例,Ⅲ型3例,Ⅳ型1例.腹腔镜手术治疗66例,手术包括胆囊切除术41例,胆囊大部切除术25例.Ⅱ型患者中,16例一期缝合修复瘘口,10例用胆囊组织覆盖修复瘘口.中转开腹6例,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ型各1例,Ⅲ型3例,Ⅳ型1例.在66例行腹腔镜手术治疗的患者中,术后肺部感染者5例,泌尿系感染者3例,胆漏2例,均痊愈出院.术前组和术中组并发症的发生率分别为9.7%和20.0%(P<0.05).术后随访6～20个月,无胆道狭窄和结石残留等并发症.结论 腹腔镜手术治疗Mirizzi综合征Ⅰ、Ⅱ型安全、有效及并发症少,且术前明确诊断可以降低并发症的发生率,提高腹腔镜手术的疗效.     

Lc在诊治Mirizzi综合征中的探索性应用研究

目的探索研究应用Lc诊治Mirizzi综合征的临床效果。方法统计自2003年3月—2014年3月该院48名Mirizzi综合征患者的手术方法及治疗效果,综合分析Lc在治疗Mirizzi综合征中的应用前景。结果按Csendes分型,Ⅰ型40例,Ⅱ型6例,Ⅲ型2例,Ⅳ型0例。43例完成LC,均为Ⅰ~Ⅱ型病例。中转开腹手术5例,其中Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱ型1例,Ⅲ型2例。术前的治性ERCP检查9例,均为发生胆管损伤;术中发生胆管损伤5例,均转开腹,行胆管修补、T管引流术。结论经过多年的探索性应用研究,发现Lc在Mirizzi综合征的诊断及Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型疗中具有良好的治疗效果。     

腹腔镜手术治疗老年胆囊炎52例

目的:探讨老年人行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的时机及方法.方法:对52例老年患者急性胆囊炎(合并/不合并胆囊结石)行LC术,其中4例中转开腹手术.结果:48例成功完成LC,手术时间51 min,4例因Calot三角出现致密粘连或Mirizzi综合征中转开腹手术.结论:老年人急性胆囊炎的病情进展快,手术难度大,风险高;要高度重视围手术期的处理,把握手术时机及技巧,早期LC是安全可行的.     

Ⅰ型Mirizzi综合征40例LC治疗体会

目的探讨Ⅰ型Mirizzi综合征的腹腔镜治疗方法。方法回顾性分析40例Ⅰ型Mirizzi综合征的临床资料,对Ⅰ型Mirizzi综合征患者在成熟的腔镜技术基础上,通过术中仔细操作解剖及一定技巧,在腹腔镜下完成胆囊切除。结果 39例采用腹腔镜手术治疗获得成功,包括胆囊切除及胆囊大部分切除。结论在熟练掌握腹腔镜技术的前提下,腹腔镜治疗Ⅰ型Mirizzi综合征是安全可行的方法。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除即刻中转开腹手术临床分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy, LC)中转开腹的原因,评估LC术前难易的程度及怎样减少LC手术并发症.方法 回顾性分析我院576例LC术中即刻中转开腹46例的中转开腹原因、操作方法和疗效.中转原因:胆管损伤3例,出血2例,腹腔、胆囊周围粘连19例,胆囊三角解剖不清14例,胆囊十二指肠瘘2例,Mirizzi综合征型5例,胃肠道损伤1例.结果 中转开腹手术均获成功,无并发症.随访1～2年,无胆道狭窄.结论 重视术前对胆囊病变程度的判断以及术中采取预防措施可减少中转开腹.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的原因分析及防治

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中转开腹的原因,把握中转开腹时机,减少LC的并发症。方法回顾性分析2005年1月至2009年12月2 317例LC的临床资料,分析各种高危因素对中转开腹的影响。结果 LC完成2 271例,中转开腹46例(1.99%),其中胆囊与周围严重粘连,解剖结构不清23例,难以控制出血5例,胆管损伤3例,术中发现迷走胆管漏中转开腹4例,胆囊十二指肠瘘2例,Mirizzi综合征6例,胆囊癌3例。结论 LC中转开腹不是手术失败,是不同手术方式选择,并且可以减少甚至避免严重并发症的发生。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.