一起小学手足口病聚集性疫情流行病学调查

目的 通过对某小学手足口病聚集性疫情的调查分析,为有效防控手足口病提供科学参考.方法对北京市某小学手足口病聚集性疫情进行现场调查,并对结果采用描述流行病学和分析流行病学的方法进行分析.结果 该起疫情历时13 d,共出现10例手足口病例,发病均为住校学生,罹患率为9.17%,病例分布在相邻的5间宿舍里,男生发病显著高于女生(P＜0.05).临床症状以口腔疱疹、手足疱疹为主,部分患病学生有发热症状,无重症患者.结论 此起疫情系由肠道病毒EV71感染引起,住校学生间相互密切接触造成传播,提示今后应采取综合措施防控学生手足口病疫情.     

Persistent hoarseness - a case study

Marion, a university lecturer aged 48 years, presented to her general practitioner complaining of persistent hoarseness for 4-5 weeks. Over the preceding 5 months she had suffered two prolonged episodes of bacterial sinusitis and an infective exacerbation of her asthma, each requiring several weeks of various antibiotics and oral prednisone, and each associated with transient hoarseness.     

Multiple facial plaques - a case study

Mrs AA, female, 27 years of age and of Middle Eastern descent, presented with a 1 year history of nonpruritic facial plaques. On examination, these plaques were 0.2-1.0 cm, scaly, atrophic, annular, hyperpigmented and located on her forehead, nose, chin and adjacent to her lips.     

2010年绵竹市手足口病疫情分析

目的了解2010年绵竹市手足口病流行特征,为手足口病防治工作提供科学依据。方法对2010年绵竹市报告的250例手足口病病例资料进行分析。结果2010年共报告手足口病250例,无死亡,发病率为48．68／10万,未出现暴发疫情。250例病例均为临床诊断病例;3～6月发病的占70．8％;3岁以下占88．8％,散居儿童占63．6％,幼托儿童占31．2％;均为轻型病例。发病率：男性为63．31／10万,女性为33．60／10万;城区为46．14／10万,农村为49．38／10万。结论2010年绵竹市手足口病疫情大幅度上升,防治工作应加强。     

An unusual cause of dizziness in bulimia nervosa: a case report

OBJECTIVE: The current article describes the case of a 23-year-old female with purging-type bulimia nervosa who was evaluated by her primary care physician for dizziness and lightheadedness. METHODS: After laboratory studies were performed by her primary care physician, the patient was admitted to the hospital because of severe anemia. The patient had been taking nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) at prescribed doses for shin splints that were secondary to jogging and developed gastric erosion. RESULTS: Endoscopic examination showed that she had diffuse gastritis with linear, streaky ulcerations throughout the body of the stomach. DISCUSSION: Lightheadedness is a common clinical symptom among individuals with eating disorders, but is typically related to dehydration, malnutrition, hypometabolism, and/or combinations of these factors. Clinicians need to consider NSAID use, which may cause erosive gastritis, blood loss, and lightheadedness.     

小学生饮食知识、态度、行为干预实验研究

目的 探讨对小学生饮食知识、态度、行为进行干预的方法、途径和内容。方法 通过对山西省太原市桃园小学3～5年级小学生的饮食知识、态度和行为现况进行测查，发现小学生在上述各方面存在一定问题。在基线测查的基础上，根据研究目的将小学生分为干预组和对照组，经统计学检验两组被试的均衡性较好。对干预组小学生进行了1学期的干预实验。干预后进行了复测。结果 干预组小学生饮食知识、态度、行为得分均显高于对照组。结论 干预实验方法可行，内容适当。     

Health promotion in Canada - a case study

This case study describes and explains the development of health promotion in Canada, with particular emphasis on the social and political context. It explores how health promotion thinking emerged, was interpreted and implemented. It illustrates the balance between policy and practice, as well as outlining the role of health promotion infrastructures. The review has been developed at a time of considerable change to the landscape of health promotion in Canada. For some, this raises concerns about capacity for future leadership and continuing contribution to health reform. For others, the brief but rich legacy of experience reviewed here suggests new opportunities for further strong health promotion action in Canada-albeit in the context of new constructs and partnerships. It is hoped that this case study will contribute to a critical and timely dialogue on how health promotion values, principles and strategies can continue to inform action. This is vital as we commit to global Health for All for the 21st century in the face of challenge and change.     

湖北省2009－2015年手足口病流行病学和病原学分析

目的 描述2009－2015年湖北省手足口病的分年龄组、轻症和重症死亡病例的流行病学和病原学特征,为制定手足口病防控策略提供依据。方法 利用2009－2015年传染病报告信息管理系统中报告的湖北省手足口病例个案信息和湖北省各级CDC病原学监测的信息;通过对病例年龄、病例类型、临床诊断病例和实验室确诊及不同血清型分层分析。结果 2009－2015年湖北省累计报告手足口病495 783例,年均发病率为1 231.0/100万。手足口病高发的年龄段为0.5～5岁,重症和死亡病例发生风险的高发年龄段为6～11月龄。轻症病例2009－2015年的优势病原每年依次是EV71、Cox A16、Cox A16、Cox A16、EV71、Cox A16和其他肠道病毒。发病高峰出现于每年的4－6月和11－12月,偶数年比奇数年发病峰值高。结论 2009－2015年湖北省手足口病重点干预人群是0.5～5岁婴幼儿,尤其是发生重症死亡风险高的6～11月龄婴儿。加强对重点人群的监测,有效防控手足口病,减少重症和死亡。     

Skin nodules with a linear distribution - a case study

A man, 35 years of age, with an unremarkable past medical history, attended after developing purplish nodules on the left arm. The nodules were in a linear distribution and had developed during recent months after a minor initial injury. The nodules were moderately painful, but it was mainly the appearance of new nodules that motivated him to consult his general practitioner. On dermatological examination, six purple nodules were observed following a linear distribution along the back of the left hand and arm (Figure 1). They were of variable size. Some of the lesions had a discrete superficial ulceration and a serous crust. The patient had no fever. Small lymph nodes were detected in the left axilla. Systemic examination showed no abnormalities. Laboratory data, including full blood count, general biochemistry and urine analysis were normal. Culture was unremarkable. Histopathologic examination revealed a mixed granulomatous and pyogenic inflammatory process. Cigar shaped organisms were identified by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining.     

健康教育在一起小学生紫外线意外照射事件处理中的作用

目的了解健康教育在阳泉市某小学学生因教室消毒用紫外线灯意外开启,造成部分学生出现"紫外线照射反应"后的作用。方法对100余名受照射学生的家长及部分媒体记者,采用专题讲座、解答问题、小组座谈、上门访谈等健康教育方式宣传相关知识和提出有效防御方法。结果干预前99名家长中有84名家长(84.85%)认为紫外线照射后会对学生的健康状况造成影响,干预后,仅有2名家长(2.02%)认为紫外线照射后会对学生的健康状况造成影响。结论健康教育消除了家长疑虑,媒体了解了事件的真实状况和相关知识后起到了健康传播作用。学校突发公共卫生事件处置中,健康教育是促进事件很好解决的有效方法。     

Dilated cardiomyopathy in two patients with xeroderma pigmentosum disease: a case report

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder of DNA repair in which the ability to repair damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) light is deficient. The oxidative stress caused by decline catalase activity as an antioxidant enzyme, has been illustrated in these patients. This is the first case report of dilated cardiomyopathy in two patients with XP, A 26 year old girl and her younger brother. Laboratory studies demonstrated severe vitamin D deficiency in both of them. Cardiac dysfunction in the presented cases with XP might be caused by vitamin D deficiency. But this question still remains: whether chronic oxidative stress can involve the heart and can be a predisposing factor or even an underlying factor for dilated cardiomyopathy in XP, or not. More studies are needed for demonstrating this hypothesis.     

Odorous vaginal discharge - a case study for thorough investigation

Odorous vaginal discharge is a common presentation to general practitioners, and a frequent presentation for bacterial infections and sexually transmissible diseases. Busy GPs may be tempted to make a diagnosis from the clinical history and symptoms, and prescribe antibiotics as a first line treatment. This case highlights an unusual cause of persistent odorous vaginal discharge. If a thorough examination had not been conducted, the cause would have been overlooked, first line antibiotics would most likely have been ineffective, and potentially life threatening consequences may have occurred.