丹酚酸B保护大鼠缺血心肌与炎症小体NLRP3表达的相关性研究

目的探讨丹酚酸B(salvianolic acid B,Sal B)对异丙肾上腺素(isoproterenol,ISO)所致心肌缺血损伤的保护作用及炎症小体NLRP3(NLR family,pyrin domain containing 3)相关蛋白的表达对心肌缺血的影响。方法♂SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和Sal B低、中、高剂量组。Sal B各剂量组腹腔注射给予Sal B 5、10、15 mg·kg~(-1),模型组和对照组腹腔注射等体积生理盐水,各组连续给药7 d;从d 5开始,皮下多点注射ISO(30 mg·kg~(-1)),连续2 d造模。末次造模24 h后观察Sal B对大鼠心电图、血清中心肌酶、氧化指标和炎症因子含量、心肌组织中炎症小体NLRP3相关蛋白表达及形态学的影响。结果 Sal B可以明显减轻心肌组织坏死和炎细胞浸润,明显降低心电图中T波值(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与模型组比较,Sal B各剂量组的肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK)值、谷草转氨酶(glutamic oxalacetic transaminase,GOT)值和白细胞介素1-β(interleukin 1-β,IL-1β)值,Sal B中、高剂量组的丙二醛(malonaldehyde,MDA)值及中剂量组的乳酸脱氢酶(lactic dehydrogenase,LDH)值均明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);血清Sal B中、高剂量组的总超氧化物歧化酶(total superoxide dismutase,T-SOD)值明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);Sal B给药组的心脏组织中NLRP3、半胱氨酸蛋白酶1(cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-1,caspase-1)和IL-1β蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 Sal B具有抗ISO所致大鼠心肌缺血作用,该作用机制可能与调控炎症小体NLRP3相关蛋白表达,抑制炎症因子的生成有关。     

丹酚酸B通过调控SIRT1/NF-κB/p53通路减轻缺氧/复氧诱导的大鼠肝细胞损伤

目的探究丹酚酸B(salvianolic acid B,Sal B)减轻缺氧/复氧(H/R)诱导的大鼠肝细胞损伤及潜在的分子机制。方法体外培养BRL-3A大鼠肝细胞株,制备BRL-3A的H/R模型,予以Sal B干预。CCK-8检测细胞活力;微板法测转氨酶含量;ELISA测炎性因子的含量;流式细胞术测细胞凋亡水平;Western blot和实时荧光定量PCR(q PCR)检测SIRT1、NF-κB p65、p53、Bax、Bcl-2蛋白及mRNA表达水平。结果 H/R诱导的大鼠肝细胞活力下降;细胞上清液中ALT、AST、TNF-α、IL-1β含量明显增多;细胞凋亡率明显升高;SIRT1和Bcl-2在蛋白及mRNA水平的表达下调,而NF-κB p65、p53和Bax在蛋白及mRNA水平的表达上调。在Sal B预处理后,细胞活力升高;细胞液中ALT、AST、TNF-α及IL-β的含量下降;细胞凋亡率降低;SIRT1和Bcl-2在蛋白水平及mRNA水平的表达升高,NF-κB p65、p53和Bax在蛋白水平及mRNA水平的表达降低。结论丹酚酸B可有效减轻H/R诱导的大鼠肝细胞损伤,其机制可能与SIRT1/NF-κB/p53通路有关系。     

丹酚酸B/丹参酮ⅡA不同配比对肿瘤坏死因子-α损伤大鼠心肌细胞的影响

目的　观察丹参的水溶性代表成分丹酚酸B(SalB)和脂溶性代表成分丹参酮ⅡA(TanⅡA)对肿瘤坏死因子 α(TNF α)损伤大鼠心肌细胞 (cardiomyocyte ,CMC)的影响 ,探讨两者不同配比的作用及特点。方法　采用CMC体外培养技术 ,建立TNF α的损伤模型 ,以细胞活力、细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)释放、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性及丙二醛 (MDA)含量的变化为评价指标 ,观察不同配比 (10∶0、8∶2、5∶5、2∶8、0∶10 )的SalB、TanⅡA对TNF α损伤的保护作用。结果　SalB明显提高细胞活力 ,8∶2组显著降低LDH释放水平 ,TanⅡA抗氧化的作用最好。结论　SalB、TanⅡA的各配比组均能改善细胞损伤 ,因其作用靶点不同 ,在不同情况下产生的效应亦不同     

丹酚酸B对兔离体心脏缺氧再复氧损伤的保护作用

目的观察丹酚酸B对兔离体心脏缺氧-复氧损伤的保护作用。方法离体兔心脏Langendorff灌流,通氮气饱和的灌流液60min后再恢复含氧灌流液灌流60min,造成缺氧-复氧损伤;自动生化分析仪测定冠脉流出液中肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性;光学显微镜观察心肌组织结构改变。结果在缺氧的同时给予丹酚酸B0.3,1和3mg.L-l灌流60min,可降低心率,增加冠脉流量,降低冠脉流出液中CK和LDH的水平,心肌组织形态学损伤明显减轻。结论丹酚酸B对兔离体心脏缺氧-复氧损伤有明显的保护作用。     

丹酚酸B镁抑制ATP和KCl诱导大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞内钙的升高

目的研究丹酚酸B镁(M agnesium lithosperm ate B,MLB)对去内皮离体血管舒缩反应以及对血管平滑肌细胞内游离钙浓度[Ca2+]i的影响。方法去内皮大鼠胸主动脉血管环等张收缩实验和采用钙离子荧光指示剂F luo-3,运用F-4500阳离子测定系统动态检测胸主动脉平滑肌细胞[Ca2+]i。结果血管舒缩实验显示,无钙或常钙条件下MLB对血管基础张力均无作用。MLB 50~200μmol.L-1预给药组抑制无钙条件下苯肾上腺素(PE)1μmol.L-1诱导的血管收缩以及常钙条件下KC l 60 mmol.L-1诱导的血管收缩,并呈浓度相关性。而钙离子通道阻滞剂维拉帕米(Ver)10μmol.L-1则完全阻断KC l诱导的血管收缩。在复钙实验中观察到,MLB 50~200μmol.L-1不仅抑制PE 1μmol.L-1诱导的内钙依赖性血管收缩,而且对复钙后外钙依赖性的血管收缩也有抑制作用。细胞内钙测定实验表明,MLB预孵育的AVSMCs静息态[Ca2+]i没有变化。无钙条件下,MLB 50、100和200μmol.L-1抑制ATP20μmol.L-1诱导内钙释放引起的[Ca2+]i升高,抑制率分别为17.4%、32.4%和61.1%,显示较好的浓度相关性。AVSMCs于常钙条件下用Thapsigargin耗竭钙库后,KCl 60 mmol.L-1诱发外钙内流,引起[Ca2+]i升高,10μmol.L-1的Ver则能完全阻断这种外钙内流。在MLB预给药组,KCl诱导的[Ca2+]i升高降低,抑制率分别为20.0%、32.8%和52.6%。结论MLB能够抑制PE、高K+和复Ca2+诱导的血管收缩,并能抑制ATP和KCl诱导的血管平滑肌细胞内钙的升高,提示MLB对血管平滑肌细胞内钙的影响可能与抑制细胞内钙释放和电压依赖性钙通道有关。     

丹酚酸A抑制TLR4/JNK MAPK改善棕榈酸诱导的心肌细胞损伤

目的:研究丹酚酸A对脂毒性诱导的H9C2心肌细胞损伤的改善作用并初步探究其分子机制。方法:采用棕榈酸体外诱导建立H9C2心肌细胞脂毒性模型并给予丹酚酸A进行干预,采用乳酸脱氢酶法检测细胞损伤,采用细胞增殖-毒性检测试剂盒检测细胞存活率,采用罗丹明123染色观察心肌细胞线粒体膜电位变化,采用蛋白免疫印迹技术研究丹酚酸A改善作用的分子机制。结果:浓度为400μmol/L的棕榈酸可显著导致H9C2心肌细胞脂毒性损伤(P<0.05)。不同浓度(10、20、40、80μmol/L)丹酚酸A暴露对心肌细胞无毒性作用(P>0.05)。丹酚酸A干预显著改善脂毒性诱导的心肌细胞损伤及细胞线粒体膜电位降低(P<0.05)。激活Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptors,TLR4)可显著增强脂毒性诱导的心肌细胞损伤(P<0.05),而抑制TLR4显著减轻棕榈酸诱导的细胞脂毒性(P<0.05)。此外,丹酚酸A显著抑制棕榈酸诱导的TLR4及其下游c-Jun氨基末端激酶(c-Jun N-terminal kinase,JNK MAPK)(P<0.05)。结论:丹酚酸A改善脂毒性诱导的心肌细胞损伤,该保护作用可能与其抑制TLR4/JNK MAPK信号通路有关。     

NLRP3炎症小体在热应激损伤中的作用研究

目的：探讨NLRP3炎症小体在热应激损伤中的作用机制,并梳理NLRP3炎症小体和热应激损伤的相关性。方法：首先,选择2019年5月1日-2021年11月1日在南通大学附属医院就诊的90例6个月-6岁FS患儿作为热性惊厥组（FS组）,将同一时间段的25例到我院正常体检的25例儿童作为正常对照组。抽取外周血2.5ml后在2500r/min的情况下离心15min,按照ELISA说明测定样品的浓度。构建FS的动物模型,选择20只SPF级2周龄的正常SD大鼠作为研究对象,通过热水浴诱导惊厥动物模型进行建模,取脑组织RIPA裂解液进行蛋白裂解,温度为4℃,12000g离心15min,取上清液借助BCA法进行定量分析。将大鼠分为FS组和FS+NLRP3炎症小体抑制剂组,分析NLRP3炎症小体在热应激损伤的保护作用及相关性。结果：研究结果表明,热性惊厥组细胞上清的IL-1β、ASC、NLRP3、Caspase-1mRNA明显升高,且在与正常对照组的数据对比中具有统计学差异（P <0.05）;复杂性热性惊厥患儿的IL-1β含量是最高的。在大鼠试验当中,经过PCR检测,FS组的ASC、NLRP3、C...     

黄芪多糖通过抑制NF-κB和JNK信号通路减轻LPS诱导的小鼠心肌细胞凋亡

目的研究黄芪多糖(Astragalus polysaccharide,APS)对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的小鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法体外实验采用H9c2细胞预先给予APS,30 min后加入LPS(1 mg·L^-1)共孵育24 h,建立心肌细胞凋亡模型。体内实验采用SPF级昆明小鼠预防性给予APS 14 d后,腹腔注射LPS(10 mg·kg^-1)建立心肌细胞凋亡模型。8 h后采用超声心动测定小鼠心脏射血分数(EF)、左心室缩短分数(FS)等;TUNEL测心肌细胞凋亡;ELISA检测血清中IL^-1β、TNF-α含量;Western blot检测组织和体外心肌细胞中JNK、NF-κB信号通路及Bcl-2家族、caspase-3相关蛋白表达。结果 LPS能明显抑制小鼠的左心室收缩功能;促使心肌细胞凋亡;增加血清中IL^-1β、TNF-α,心肌细胞中JNK、p-JNK、Bax、caspase-3,胞核中NF-κB蛋白浓度;降低Bcl-2和胞质中NF-κB、IκB-α蛋白浓度。APS能明显保护LPS诱导的小鼠心肌收缩功能,减少心肌细胞凋亡;减少血清中IL^-1β、TNF-α,心肌组织细胞中p-JNK、Bax、caspase-3和胞核NF-κB蛋白含量;相对增加Bcl-2和胞质中NF-κB、IκB-α蛋白含量。而JNK蛋白表达无明显变化。结论 APS通过抑制NF-κB和JNK信号通路,减轻LPS诱导的小鼠心肌细胞凋亡。     

丹酚酸A抑制NF-κB信号通路减轻脂多糖诱导的BV2小胶质细胞炎症反应

目的 利用脂多糖(LPS)刺激BV2小胶质细胞构建体外神经炎症模型,探讨丹酚酸A(SalA)对神经炎症的抑制作用及机制。方法 (1) BV2细胞分为细胞对照组(正常培养24 h)、LPS(1 mg·L^-1孵育24 h)组、SalA(0.01,0.05,0.5,5,10和20μmol·L^-1培养24 h)组和LPS+SalA(加入LPS 1 mg·L^-1及SalA 0.01,0.05,0.5,5,10和20μmol·L^-1共同培养24 h)组,MTT法检测细胞存活率。(2)除LPS+SalA组SalA给药浓度为0.05,0.5和5μmol·L^-1外,其他分组处理同方法(1)。Griess法检测BV2细胞一氧化氮(NO)分泌水平,ELISA检测BV2细胞肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL^-1β)和IL-6分泌水平,实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测TNF-α,IL^-1β和IL-6 mRNA表达水平,Western印迹...     

绿原酸抑制NF-κB/NLRP3炎性体通路减轻LPS诱导小胶质细胞神经炎症损伤研究

摘要：目的:探究绿原酸（CGA）对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的小胶质细胞神经炎症损伤及核因子κB（NF-κB）/Nod样受体家族含pyrin结构域蛋白3（NLRP3）炎性体通路的影响。方法:培养小胶质细胞BV2,3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2）-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）法检测不同浓度(0,1,2,4,8 mmol·L-1)CGA对BV2细胞活力的影响;再次培养BV2细胞,依次分为对照（Control）组、LPS组、脂多糖和药物溶剂对照[LPS+二甲亚砜（DMSO）]、脂多糖和阳性药物对照（LPS+Positive）组以及脂多糖和绿原酸处理（LPS+CGA）组。免疫荧光法检测肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素（IL）-1β表达情况;ELISA法检测TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10、IL-12和诱导型一氧化氮合成酶（iNOS）含量;免疫印迹分析NF-κB/NLRP3炎性体通路和凋亡相关蛋白水平;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率。结果:与CGA 0 mmol·L-1比较,CGA 1,2,4 mmol·L-1对BV2细胞增殖活力的影响无统计学意义（P>0.05）,CGA 8 mmol·L-1显著降低BV2细胞增殖活力（P<0.05）。LPS诱导后细胞凋亡率升高,细胞上清液中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-12和iNOS分泌量增多,IL-10分泌量减少,细胞中NF-κB p65、磷酸化NF-κB抑制蛋白（p-IκBα）、NLRP3、含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶1（Caspase-1）和B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2（Bcl-2）相关X蛋白（Bax）蛋白水平上调,细胞中Bcl-2蛋白水平下调（P<0.05）。添加CGA可明显改善LPS对BV2细胞的影响（P<0.05）。结论:CGA通过抑制NF-κB/NLRP3炎性体通路减轻LPS诱导的BV2细胞神经炎症损伤。     

Cyclic helix B peptide alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by downregulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation in alveolar macrophages

Acute lung injury (ALI) exhibits high clinical morbidity and mortality rates. Our previous study has indicated that the novel proteolysis-resistant cyclic helix B peptide (CHBP) exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in mice with AKI. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of CHBP in an in vivo sepsis-induced ALI model and in vitro using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and ATP stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). For in vivo experiments, mice were randomly divided into three groups: 1) sham; 2) LPS; and 3) LPS + CHBP (n = 6). All relevant data were collected after 18 h. Following CHBP treatment, the lung function of the mice was significantly improved compared to the LPS group. CHBP administration inhibited interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production at both the protein and mRNA levels. Additionally, following CHBP treatment, the population of pulmonary macrophages decreased. Simultaneously, the proportion of caspase-1-activated alveolar macrophages was also decreased after CHBP treatment. The protein levels of NLRP3 and cleaved caspase-1 were attenuated in the lung tissue following CHBP treatment. In in vitro experiments, CHBP treatment decreased NLRP3 inflammasome expression and downstream IL-1β secretion, consistent with the in vivo results. In addition, CHBP reversed nuclear factor (NF)-κB and I-κB phosphorylation with a significant dose-dependent effect. Therefore, these findings suggest the potential of CHBP as a therapeutic agent in sepsis-induced ALI owing to inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome via the NF-κB pathway in macrophages.     

MicroRNA-30c attenuates contrast-induced acute kidney injury by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome

BackgroundsContrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is the third most common cause of hospital-acquired AKI. It has been demonstrated that microRNA-30c (miR-30c) was upregulated in the CIAKI. However, the underlying mechanism remain unclear.MethodsThe CIAKI was induced in miniature pig. The expression profile of miR-30c in the kidney was evaluated by qPCR. The pathways regulated by miR-30c was identified by qPCR and western blot on renal tubular epithelial cells isolated from miniature pig. Finally, the potential therapeutic application of targeting miR-30c was assessed in the pig model of CIAKI.ResultsThe miR-30c was up-regulated in miniature pig with CIAKI. The miR-30c suppressed cell apoptosis, expression of NLRP3, the secretion of IL-1β and caspase-1 p10 on renal cells stimulated by iohexol in vitro. In the pig model, miR-30c inhibited the CIAKI development.ConclusionOur data demonstrated that the miR-30c induced by CIAKI could suppress cell apoptosis and kidney injury via targeting NLRP3. Therefore, targeting miR-30c might be a novel therapeutic candidate for CIAKI treatment and prevention.     

Atractylodin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and TLR4 pathways

Acute lung injury (ALI) arises from uncontrolled pulmonary inflammation with high mortality rates. Atractylodin (Atr) is a polyethylene alkynes and has been reported to possess anti-inflammation effect. Thus, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of Atr on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses ALI. The results indicated that Atr treatment not only significantly attenuated LPS-stimulated histopathological changes but also lessened the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, the wet-to-dry weight ratio of the lungs, protein leakage and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Moreover, Atr inhibited the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 secretion in BALF. Further study demonstrated that such inhibitory effects of Atr were due to suppression of nucleotide-binding domain-(NOD-) like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation, likely contributing to its anti-inflammatory effects. Collectively, these findings suggest that Atr may be an effective candidate for alleviating LPS-induced inflammatory responses.     

Hydroxysafflor yellow A inhibits hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte injury via regulating the AMPK/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway

Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is an effective therapeutic agent that alleviates myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI), but the exact mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effect of HSYA against MIRI through mechanisms related to NLRP3 inflammasome regulation. In this study, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced H9c2 cardiomyocytes were treated with HSYA or the AMPK inhibitor, compound C (CC). Our results showed that HSYA pretreatment improved cardiomyocyte viability, maintained mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced apoptotic cardiomyocytes, decreased caspase-3 activity, and inhibited NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation during H/R injury. Moreover, the inhibition of AMPK activation by the CC inhibitor partially abolished the effects of HSYA treatment, including suppressing the upregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome components (NLRP3, caspase-1 and interleukin-1β) and promoting autophagy (LC3-II/LC3-I and p62). In conclusion, the protective mechanism of HSYA in H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury is associated with inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the AMPK signalling pathway.     

Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in RAW 264.7 cells by polysaccharides extracted from Grateloupia livida (Harv.) Yamada

Polysaccharides have been proven to be involved in the immune response in both anti-inflammation and pro-inflammation due to their distinct pharmacological properties. Recent studies showed that polysaccharides from Grateloupia livida (Harv.) Yamada possessed several biological activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-angiogenic, anti-cancer and antiviral. Our previous work has elucidated the structural features of the polysaccharides (named WGW) by combining ESI-MS with NMR and infrared (IR) spectroscopic analyses. The polysaccharides were mainly composed of galactose linked with sulfate ester, concluding to be μ-carrageenan and κ-carrageenan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunoregulation effects of WGW on macrophage RAW 264.7 cell. The cells were treated with WGW for different times, then Griess reagent was applied to detect the production of NO. The results presented that WGW induced the release of NO in large quantities (ranging from 2 µg/mL to 256 µg/mL) and improved the phagocytosis of macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, WGW have a predominant role in the improvement of proinflammatory mediators, such TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, MMP-9 and COX2. Moreover, WGW activated NLRP3 inflammasome, in which MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway played an important role. These results indicated WGW might be a potential immuno-stimulation drug to promote inflammation.     

Quercetin attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis to protect INH-induced liver injury via regulating SIRT1 pathway

Severe hepatotoxicity greatly limits the clinical application of the first-line anti-tuberculosis drug isoniazid(INH). Quercetin(Que) has multiple pharmacological properties, and is regarded as a potential protective agent against a variety of organ injuries. However, the exact effect of quercetin on INH-induced hepatotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms are not yet completely understood. In this study, liver injury models were established in rats and L02 cells to reveal the protective effect of Que on INH-induced hepatotoxicity and the relevant mechanism. The in vivo results indicated that Que pretreatment reduced the level of ALT/AST, improved the liver histopathological changes and substantially mitigated apoptosis in rats. In vitro, it evidently relieved INH-induced cell viability loss and apoptosis in L02 cells. Furthermore, the studies on mechanisms elucidated that Que remarkably elevated the expression of SIRT1 and suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Meanwhile, Que significantly inhibited the level of tumor suppressor P53, Bax, cleaved-cas3 expressionl and increased Bcl-2 expression to reduce apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. However, SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 reversed the suppression of Que on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the protection of Que on rat liver injury and cell apoptosis. In short, our findings showed that Que exhibited protective effects against INH-induced liver damage via inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and apoptosis in a SIRT-dependent manner.     

Glyburide attenuates ozone‐induced pulmonary inflammation and injury by blocking the NLRP3 inflammasome

Glyburide is a classic antidiabetic drug that is dominant in inflammation regulation, but its specific role in ozone‐induced lung inflammation and injury remains unclear. In order to investigate whether glyburide prevents ozone‐induced pulmonary inflammation and its mechanism, C57BL/6 mice were intratracheally pre‐instilled with glyburide or the vehicle 1 hour before ozone (1 ppm, 3 hours) or filtered air exposure. After 24 hours, the total inflammatory cells and total protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected. The pathological alternations in lung tissues were evaluated by HE staining. The expression of NLRP3, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and IL‐18 protein in lung tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Western blotting was used to examine the levels of caspase‐1 p10 and active IL‐1β protein. Levels of IL‐1β and IL‐18 in BALF were measured using ELISA kits. Glyburide treatment decreased the total cells in BALF, the inflammatory score, and the mean linear intercept induced by ozone in lung tissues. In addition, glyburide inhibited the expression of NLRP3, IL‐18, and IL‐1β protein in lung tissues, and also suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation, including caspase‐1 p10, active IL‐1β protein in lung tissues, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 in BALF. These results demonstrate that glyburide effectively attenuates ozone‐induced pulmonary inflammation and injury via blocking the NLRP3 inflammasome.     

泻心汤有效组分不同配伍对内毒素肺损伤大鼠NF-κB及IκB表达的影响

目的研究泻心汤有效组分及其配伍对内毒素肺损伤大鼠NF-κB及IκB表达的影响。方法大鼠灌胃给予黄芩总黄酮提取物(TFL)、大黄总游离蒽醌提取物(TFA)、大黄总结合蒽醌提取物(TCA)、TFL与TFA配伍高、低剂量(A高A低)、TFL与TCA配伍(B)及醋酸地塞米松(Dex)4d,末次给药后1h股静脉注射脂多糖(LPS)建立大鼠内毒素肺损伤模型,1、2、4h各组分别处死6只动物,收集肺组织,免疫印记(Western blot)检测核因子κB(NF-κB)、κB抑制因子(IκB)的蛋白表达。结果大黄总游离蒽醌、A高及Dex在1、2、4h均能够明显抑制NF-κB p65的核转位(P<0.01),所有给药组在2、4h均能够明显抑制胞质中的IκBα的降解(P<0.01)。结论泻心汤有效组分及其配伍对内毒素肺损伤大鼠保护作用与抑制NF-κB的核转位及IκB的降解有关。     

丹酚酸B对缺氧损伤心脏微血管内皮细胞细胞间粘附分子表达的影响

目的 :探讨丹参有效成分丹酚酸B在心脏微血管内皮细胞 (CMEC)缺氧 /复氧损伤中的保护作用。方法 :通过心脏微血管内皮细胞体外培养技术 ,建立缺氧预适应 (HPC)模型并给予丹酚酸B ,应用酶联免疫方法检测细胞间粘附分子 1(ICAM 1)表达。结果 :在CMEC缺氧 3h ,复氧 6h后ICAM 1表达升高 ;缺氧预适应和应用丹酚酸B对CMEC进行预处理则能有效降低CMECICAM 1的表达。结论 :丹酚酸B在CMEC缺氧 /复氧损伤中可产生与缺氧预适应类似的保护效果。     

NLRP3炎性小体与糖尿病心肌病的发生发展

糖尿病心肌病(DCM)是糖尿病特异性心脏并发症,可独立于冠状动脉疾病、高血压或瓣膜性心脏病发生。目前公认的发病机制包括高血糖、蛋白非酶糖基化、氧化应激、钙离子转运异常等,其中炎症是导致左心室舒张功能障碍的独立因素。NLRP3是最常见的炎性小体,可诱导分泌IL-1β、IL-18等促炎细胞因子以及介导细胞焦亡。DCM发生时NLRP3表达上调,加剧胰岛β细胞功能受损、心肌损伤、心肌纤维化进程。已有研究证实,中药可通过抑制NLRP3炎性小体的启动和活化,以及其下游基因的表达,改善DCM心脏功能。本文就NLRP3炎性小体参与DCM发生及中药干预作用进行综述。