植入型心律转复除颤器抗心动过速起搏治疗室性心动过速疗效评价

目的恶性室性心律失常（室性心动过速,心室颤动）是心脏性猝死的主要直接原因.而大部分患者先发生室性心动过速（室速）,继而蜕变为心室颤动（室颤）.研究表明,抗心动过速起搏（ATP）可有效终止室速.本文观察了172例植人植入型心律转复除颤器（ICD）的患者应用ATP终止室速的效果.方法172例植入ICD的患者,男性137例,女性35例,平均年龄52.8岁.103例患者术前有阿-斯综合征发作史,其中75例有电击除颤史.137例术前记录到室速或室颤心电图.植入ICD患者定期随访,随访时应用体外程控仪调出ICD储存记录,分析ICD治疗中ATP治疗室速的效果.结果在平均随访37个月中,ICD共记录室速l 789阵.其中,316阵为短阵室速,在ICD治疗前自行终止;1 473阵室速接受了ICD有效治疗.其中ATP治疗成功981阵（成功率66.6%）,余492阵室速由低能量转复终止.在981阵ATP治疗成功的事件中,ICD第一次发放ATP成功终止室速513阵（成功率52.3%）.结论ICD抗室速起搏功能可有效终止大多数室速,对于植入ICD前有明确室速史的患者,ICD治疗应尽量先采用ATP治疗,以减少ICD放电,延长ICD使用寿命及避免电击时的痛苦,即所谓的＂无痛性ICD治疗＂.     

应用植入型心律转复除颤器治疗室性心动过速一例

患者男性，65岁。8年前曾患急性前壁心肌梗塞。1998年4月因持续性室性心动过速(室速)发作人院。冠状动脉造影检查左前降支远端严重狭窄，左室前壁室壁瘤形成，EF值27%。遂行前降支经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术(PTCA)加冠状动脉内支架植入治疗，血管成形效果良好。同时予索他洛尔口服预防室速复发。但患者在PTCA术后仍发作持续性     

植入型心律转复除颤器抗心动过速起搏治疗的临床应用

植入型心律转复除颤器(implantable cardioverter defibrillator,ICD)抗心动过速起搏(antitachycardia pacing,ATP)治疗是指ICD通过ATP终止快速性心律失常的治疗方法,主要是终止室性心动过速(ventricular tachycardia,VT).     

植入型心律转复除颤器治疗室性快速心律失常的临床应用

目的探讨植入型心律转复除颤器（ICD）对室性快速心律失常的治疗效果以及随访过程中所遇到的问题。方法48例植入ICD患者（其中8例为双腔ICD）,根据患者室性心动过速（VT）/心室颤动（VF）发作时的频率及对血流动力学的影响确定方法和参数,并对植入ICD患者定期随访。结果48例患者顺利植入ICD,无并发症,在随访1～38个月中,患者共发作VT/VF 1 025次（VT764次,占74.5%;VF 261次,占25.5%）,其中1 009次（98.4%）治疗成功,16次在ICD充电结束前自行终止。764次VT中,658次（86.1%）经抗心动过速起搏（ATP）终止,106次（13.9%）经低能量复律（CV）终止。261次VF中,经高能量除颤（DF）均终止。6例患者发生误放电19次,8例双腔ICD患者无误放电。结论ICD的疗效是确定的。但单腔ICD常会发生误识别、误放电,随访和及时调整参数可避免或减少此类情况发生。双腔ICD提高了对室上性心律失常的识别能力,从而减少误发电。同时应合理应用抗心律失常药物,高度重视ICD患者的心理治疗。     

窦性心动过速引起植入型心律转复除颤器误放电

目的观察和分析植入型心律转复除颤器（ＩＣＤ）误放电的发生情况。方法对植入ＩＣＤ患者进行随访,应用体外程控仪调出ＩＣＤ存储的资料进行分析。结果３１例植入ＩＣＤ患者随访平均１０个月中,２例患者因窦性心动过速发生ＩＣＤ误放电８次。１例发生在运动过程中,１例发生于静脉滴注多巴酚丁胺时,经程控ＩＣＤ的室性心动过速识别参数后,未再发生误放电。结论植入ＩＣＤ的患者可能会发生误放电,定期的随访及调整合适的ＩＣＤ参数,可避免和减少ＩＣＤ误放电的发生。     

植入型心律转复除颤器治疗恶性室性心律失常的疗效评价

目的评价单中心40例植入型心律转复除颤器(ICD)治疗恶性室性心律失常的疗效及安全性。方法40例恶性室性心律失常包括室性心动过速(室速)或心室颤动(室颤)患者接受ICD治疗,男性35例,女性5例,平均年龄(49±15)岁,成功随访35例,应用体外程控仪获得ICD储存资料并结合临床随访资料进行分析。结果40例患者均成功植入ICD;35例患者平均随访25个月,其中26例患者共记录室速和室颤事件763阵,ICD成功除颤224阵(成功率99．1％),抗心动过速起搏1次成功终止室速375阵(成功率71．8％),低能量同步转复22阵(成功率100％);2例患者因窦性心动过速和心房颤动伴快速心室反应发生误放电4次。术后大多数患者联合应用抗心律失常药物。至随访期末,死亡4例,3例死于顽固性心力衰竭,1例死于肺栓塞。结论ICD联合应用抗心律失常药物能有效治疗恶性室性心律失常,预防心脏性猝死。     

植入型心律转复除颤器起搏电流导致室性心律失常一例

由植入型心律转复除颤器（ICD）起搏电流所引发的后除极而导致频发的室性期前收缩较为罕见。本文报告1例。     

双心室同步房室顺序起搏植入型心律转复除颤器

目的 观察双心室同步房室顺序起搏植入型心律转复除颤器(ICD)对扩张性或缺血性心肌病出现顽固性充血性心力衰竭同时伴有恶性室性心律失常时的治疗效果。方法 5例患者均为男性。心功能(NYHA分级)Ⅲ～Ⅳ级。QRS时限120～183ms，左心室射血分数(LVEF)≤0．30，左心室舒张末直径≥60mm，均有室性心动过速(室速)及心室颤动(室颤)发作史。药物治疗无效。分别植入右心房和心脏静脉左心室分支起搏电极导线，并植入右心室除颤电极导线，行房室顺序双心室同步起搏及抗室性心律失常治疗。随访观察患者临床症状、心功能、LVEF及室性心律失常的变化。结果 右心房、右心室和左心室导线感知和起搏参数均符合要求、右心室导线除颤阈值佳。起搏后QRS时限明显缩短，起搏前平均155ms，起搏后平均133ms，随访3～20个月，心功能术前平均3．4级，术后3个月平均2．4级；LVEF术前平均0．25，术后3个月0．29，1例术后6个月LVEF为0．34；5例患者共发生室速4次，均以31J的能量1次除颤成功。结论 双心室同步房室顺序起搏可改善心力衰竭患者的临床症状，增加LVEF，改善心功能。双心室同步起搏ICD具有良好的抗室性心律失常的功能。     

植入型心律转复除颤器的护理

恶性心律失常,尤其是持续性室性心动过速（VT）、心室颤动（VF）均是发生心源性猝死（suddencardiac death,SCD）的主要原因,且多发生在院外,约占心源性猝死的87％。植入型心律转复除颤器（ICD）可及时识别并有效终止恶性室性心律失常的发作,降低SCD的发生率,其疗效明显优于单纯抗心律失常药物治疗,现已成为临床预防恶性心律失常的重要手段,最终的目的是降低死亡率,已成为SCD一二级预防的最有效方法。     

植入型心律转复除颤器临床应用

目的　观察 5例恶性室性心律失常患者植入型心律转复除颤器 (ICD)植入术及临床随访情况。方法　 5例因反复发作有血流动力学障碍的室性心动过速 /心室颤动 (VT/ VF)均顺利植入 ICD(其中双腔 ICD2例 ) ,随访 6～ 2 4个月 ,观察患者临床疗效及 ICD工作情况。结果　 5例患者无 1例死亡。随访期间共出现 VT/ VF事件 30 4次 ,ICD识别并治疗的 VT/ VF事件 71次 ,VT 6 5次 ,占 91.5 % ,VF 6次 ,占 8.5 % ,抗心动过速起搏 (ATP)终止 5 5次 ,占77.5 % ,心律转复 (CV)终止 16次 ,占 2 2 .5 % ,VF经除颤 (DF)全部一次成功。结论　 ICD的治疗效果肯定 ,需加强随访 ,及时修改参数 ,同时应加强药物的辅助治疗 ,如 β-受体阻断剂 ,胺碘酮等 ,积极改善心功能。     

Long-term efficacy of antitachycardia pacing for supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias

Over a 14-year period, 53 patients received implanted pacemakers to assist in the control of recurrent tachycardias. Indications were: prevention of tachycardia in 2 patients with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), and 4 with ventricular tachycardia (VT); termination of tachycardia (15 SVT, 20 VT); and long-term periodic programmed electrical stimulation with potential for tachycardia termination (12 VT). Pacemakers for prevention of VT were implanted in 3 patients with prolonged QT interval syndromes and 1 in whom Holter monitoring showed a significant reduction in ectopic activity during pacing. Pacers were implanted for tachycardia termination only after patients underwent a rigorous protocol aimed at achieving 100 trials of the proposed modality. Patients with tachycardia also requiring antibradycardia pacemakers received pacemakers capable of noninvasive programmed stimulation for use during follow-up. There were no tachycardia recurrences among those patients in whom pacemakers were implanted for prevention. Pacers capable of outpatient programmed stimulation were useful, and it may be desirable to expand their use. The 15 patients with pacers designed for termination of SVT were followed for a mean of 68 months. Among these, actuarial continuation of pacing efficacy was 93% at 1 year, and 78% at 5 years. The 20 patients with pacers for termination of VT were followed for a mean of 37 months. Actuarial efficacy was 78% at 1 year, and 55% at 5 years. Sudden death occurred in 4 of these patients, none clearly pacer related. Pacemakers can play a major therapeutic role in some patients with recurrent tachycardias. The role of such pacemakers in patients with VT may be expanded with the advent of combined pacer-defibrillators.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Long-term efficacy of antitachycardia pacing for treatment of ventricular tachycardia in patients with implantable cardioverter/defibrillator]

Antitachycardia pacing techniques (ATP) have proved useful for termination of ventricular tachycardia (VT). However, little is known about the efficacy and safety off ATP during long-term follow-up in a larger study population. We analyzed the data of 80 ICD patients (pts) with spontaneous monormorphic VT, mean age 59 +/- 12 years, the mean follow-up was 26 +/- 17 months. 50 pts (62.5%) had coronary artery disease, 18 (22.5%) dilative cardiomyopathy (DCM), the remaining 12 pts (15%) had no or other cardiac diseases. 2926 episodes of ventricular tachycardia (cycle length 349 +/- 51 ms, 240-520 ms) occurred in 64/80 pts (80%), overall efficacy of ATP was 89.9%, acceleration occurred in 4.1% of VTs. Success of ATP did not correlate with positive ATP testing on induced arrhythmias, LVEF, NYHA class or aneurysm. Neither underlying heart disease nor antiarrhythmic medication had an impact on the ATP success rate. ATP efficacy was linked significantly to short VT cycle length (VTCL, 240-300 ms, p < 0.01) and long coupling intervals (91-97%), p < 0. 01). Acceleration occurred in 32% of pts and in 4.1% of VT episodes; it was also dependent on short VT cycle length (< 300 ms vs > 300 ms, p < 0.04) and short coupling intervals (< 81% vs >/= 81%, p 相似文献