慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉术后复发的原因及修正手术的临床疗效

目的探讨鼻内镜下慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉术后复发的原因及复发性鼻窦炎鼻息肉修正手术的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2004年11月～2007年10月58例慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者鼻内镜下手术治疗术后复发的临床资料,并在鼻内镜下行修正手术。结果58例复发性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者经鼻内镜修正手术治疗后,随访1年以上,治愈43例,好转7例,无效8例,修正手术的有效率为86.21%,且无严重的并发症发生。结论鼻窦炎鼻息肉术后复发与变态反应、鼻中隔偏曲、泡状中鼻甲、眶下气房和中鼻甲反张等解剖变异有关;术前充分准备、围手术期正确处理、娴熟的手术操作技巧以及术后定期随访是提高复发性鼻窦炎鼻息肉手术疗效、降低复发率的关键。     

哮喘伴慢性鼻窦炎治疗

目的探讨支气管哮喘伴有慢性鼻窦炎及鼻息肉患者行鼻内镜手术(endoscopicsinussurgery,ESS)的治疗效果。方法1998年8月～2002年10月,对25例支气管哮喘伴有慢性鼻窦炎及鼻息肉经药物治疗无效的患者,采用鼻内镜手术,按Messerklinger’s术式,切除钩突、摘除息肉、开放筛窦及上颌窦,清理窦口鼻道复合体病变组织;围手术期应用抗生素和类固醇皮质激素等。结果随访18个月～3年,支气管哮喘症状疗效为:有效10例,好转10例,无效5例;鼻窦炎及鼻息肉疗效为:治愈10例,好转12例,无效3例。结论ESS对支气管哮喘伴有慢性鼻窦炎及鼻息肉患者的治疗,可降低哮喘的发作频率和对类固醇皮质激素的依赖。     

变应性因素对鼻内镜手术疗效的影响

目的：探讨变应性因素对慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者行鼻窦内窥镜手术疗效的影响。方法对我院2011～2012年入院手术的II型慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者,术前根据其是否伴有变应性鼻炎症状和体征、是否伴有过敏性疾病史及支气管哮喘病史、术前鼻腔分泌物涂片嗜酸粒细胞检查、变应原皮肤试验、血清特异性IgE检查、过敏性鼻炎,筛选出伴有变应性因素的慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者为试验组。选择同期无变应性因素的单纯慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者作为对照组。比较两组患者手术后疗效,并同时比较各种变应性因素对手术疗效的影响。结果伴有变应性因素的慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者,手术疗效为80.95%（136/168）,同期单纯慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者,手术疗效为91.75%（189/206）,两组间差异有显著性（P〈0.01）。在各种变应性因素中,伴有变应性鼻炎症状和体征、嗜酸粒细胞阳性、变应原皮肤试验阳性、血清特异性IgE、过敏性鼻炎的慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者,与无变应性因素的慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者比较,差异均有显著性（P〈0.05）,伴有过敏性疾病史及伴支气管哮喘病史患者与无变应性因素的慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者比较,差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论变应性因素与鼻窦内窥镜手术疗效密切相关,是术后复发的重要因素。对慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者行鼻窦内窥镜手术时,必须加强围手术期抗变应性治疗。     

综合治疗复发性鼻窦炎鼻息肉

目的 探讨手术及综合治疗复发性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉的临床疗效。方法 鼻内镜下对31例鼻窦炎鼻息肉复发患者行彻底手术,围手术期应用抗生素和口服皮质激素,术后鼻内镜定期复查,清除残余息肉、肉芽及鼻痂, 严密随访。结果 黏膜上皮化较快,窦口畅通, 其中治愈25例,占80.6%,好转6例,占19.4%,无效0例。结论 窦口粘连、黏膜过敏水肿、病灶残留是鼻窦炎鼻息肉复发的主要原因,术后口服脱敏药及大环内酯类药物等综合治疗,远期效果更佳。     

鼻内镜术后局部应用糖皮质激素治疗慢性

目的：观察鼻内镜术后局部应用糖皮质激素治疗慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉的疗效。方法：随机将300例慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者分为治疗组和对照组，治疗组168例，对照组132例，治疗组术后局部应用糖皮质激素。结果：随访6～12月，治疗组168例中治愈152例（90.5%），好转12例（7.1%），复发4例（2.4%），总有效率97.6%； 对照组132例中治愈107例（81.1%），好转12例（9.1%），复发13例（9.9%），总有效率90.2%。两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 结论：鼻内镜术后局部应用糖皮质激素对预防鼻窦炎鼻息肉复发效果显著。     

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉伴支气管哮喘的围手术期治疗

目的探讨慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(CRS)、鼻息肉伴有支气管哮喘患者的围手术期治疗。方法对72例伴有支气管哮喘的CRS、鼻息肉患者行鼻内镜下鼻窦功能性手术(FESS),观察不同麻醉下术中及术后哮喘发作情况并给予相应的治疗。结果局麻下30例手术患者中5例术中出现一过性焦虑、呼吸不畅,但无哮喘发作;3例术后轻度哮喘发作;全麻下42例手术患者术中均平稳,4例术后哮喘发作,其中1例哮喘持续状态,经治疗后好转。结论伴有哮喘的鼻-鼻窦炎、鼻息肉患者行FESS手术是必要、安全的。     

儿童慢性鼻-鼻窦炎不同治疗方式的疗效分析

目的:探讨不同治疗方法在儿童不同类型慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床效果.方法:选取88例5～14岁慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患儿并分为3组:慢性鼻-鼻窦炎不伴鼻息肉患儿(A组)30例60侧,予以系统药物治疗;慢性鼻-鼻窦炎不伴鼻息肉伴腺样体肥大(B组)31例62侧,予以鼻内镜下腺样体切除联合系统药物治疗;慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患儿(C组)27例54侧,予以功能性内镜鼻窦手术联合系统药物治疗.结果:全部患者随访12～18个月,平均14个月.A组60侧,治愈48侧(80.0%),好转8侧(13.3%),无效4侧(6.7%);B组62侧,治愈46侧(74.2%),好转10侧(16.1%),无效6侧(9.7%);C组54侧,治愈40侧(74.1%),好转8侧(14.8%),无效6侧(11.1%),3种方式的治愈率和有效率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:儿童慢性鼻-鼻窦炎应根据不同类型采取不同的治疗方式,首选系统药物治疗,伴腺样体肥大慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患儿可同期行经鼻内镜下腺样体切除,慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴息肉患儿可行功能性内镜鼻窦手术.     

鼻内镜手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉的疗效和影响因素的分析

目的 探讨鼻内镜手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉的疗效和影响因素.方法 回顾性分析180例慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者的临床资料,所有病例均行鼻内镜手术治疗,对伴有鼻腔解剖变异者同期行手术矫正,术后随访6个月以上,进行疗效评定.结果 本组180例患者中,症状完全消失135例,占75%;38例好转,占21.1%;7例无效,占3.9%.总有效率达96.1%.结论 鼻内镜手术是治疗慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉的有效方法,术中同期处理鼻腔的解剖变异,可提高远期疗效.     

老年慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者功能性鼻内镜围手术期治疗

目的:探讨老年慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者在鼻内镜术围手术期的治疗特点。方法:回顾分析187例老年慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者(年龄≥60岁)的临床资料。结果:经系统有针对性围手术期治疗后,治愈132例(72.5%),好转43例(23.6%),无效7例,总有效率96%,无一例发生手术并发症。结论:老年患者经系统有针对性的围手术期治疗后行鼻内镜手术是安全有效的。     

120例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻镜术后随访及生活质量研究

目的 探讨慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻内镜术后定期随访的临床意义及鼻内镜手术治疗对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的症状改善情况及生活质量影响.方法 将接受鼻内镜手术治疗的120例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者分为慢性鼻-鼻窦炎不伴鼻息肉组和慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴有鼻息肉组,每组均60例.对两组患者术后进行定期随访1年,分析术后随访疗效.其次评估所有患者术前、术后1、3、6和12个月生活质量状况及主要症状改善情况,比较主要症状和生活质量的变化.结果 不伴鼻息肉组:术后6个月痊愈36例、好转20例、无效4例；12个月痊愈50例、好转7例、无效3例.伴鼻息肉组:术后6个月痊愈30例、好转27例、无效3例；12个月痊愈37例、好转20例、无效3例.两组病情转归差异有统计学意义.120例经鼻内镜手术治疗的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者术后第1、3、6、12个月主要症状评分呈下降趋势,与术前相比均明显下降(P＜0.01)；与术前比较,20个条目和5大条目评分均明显下降(P均＜0.01).结论 鼻内镜术后进行定期随访换药及综合治疗是必不可少的重要环节,术后进行定期规律的随访换药及综合治疗可以显著提高手术疗效,鼻内镜手术可以使慢性鼻窦炎患者的症状和生活质量得到明显改善.     

慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉与变应性因素相关性的探讨

目的 探讨变应性因素在慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉发病中的作用。方法回顾性分析1882例慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者术前鼻腔分泌物涂片嗜酸粒细胞及变应原皮肤试验检查结果，并将其变应性症状和体征出现的比例与临床分型分期加以比较。结果①1882例慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者中60．4％(1137例)的患者伴有不同程度的变应性症状和体征，25．3％(477例)的患者合并变应性鼻炎，2．1％(39例)的患者合并支气管哮喘；②在Ⅰ型(708例)和Ⅱ型(823例)各分期的患者中，合并变应性鼻炎及支气管哮喘的发生率和嗜酸粒细胞、皮肤变应原试验阳性率以及变应性鼻炎临床症状出现的百分率分别由低到高出现，Ⅱ型3期各项比例最高；③42．2％(795例)的患者变应原皮肤试验阳性，其中94．3％对常年性变应原呈阳性反应；④26．3％(495例)的患者伴有变应性鼻炎的临床症状，其中99．8％(494／495例)为常年性发作；⑤有前期手术史的病例占38．9％(732例)，其中合并变应性鼻炎者占有前期手术史例数的38．3％(280例)，占合并变应性鼻炎患者的58．7％(477例)。结论变应性因素特别是常年性变应性鼻炎与慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉的病变程度和病变范围有关。同时变应性鼻炎也促进了疾病的复发。     

变应性因素及变应性鼻炎与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉的相关性探讨

目的：探讨变应性因素及变应性鼻炎（AR）与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉的临床相关性。方法：将200例研究对象分为A、B组,A组诊断为AR（110例）,B组诊断为慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉（90例）,通过欧蒙印迹法定量检测血清sIgE浓度并观察慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉手术治疗后的复发率、AR并发慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉的发生率。结果：A组sIgE总阳性率为89.09%,B组sIgE总阳性率为74.44%。B组中sIgE阳性者术后复发率为58.21%,sIgE阴性者术后复发率为8.70%。A组41例（37.27%）并发慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉,血清sIgE阳性率为97.56%;69例（62.73%）未并发慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉,血清sIgE阳性率为79.71%;组内slgE阳性率比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.96,P〈0.01）。结论：变应性因素及AR与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉的发生有一定的相关性,提示避免接触变应原、合理治疗AR能够有效控制慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉的复发率。     

The role of topical corticosteroids after functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic sinusitis and/or nasal polyps

Introduction. The objective was determination of the influence of Fluticasone propionate nasal spray on the recurrence rate of chronic sinusitis and/or nasal polyps after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) using a randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial. Methods. From 1994 to 1997, 162 patients were included in this trial after FESS for chronic sinusitis and/or nasal polyps. Postoperatively they were treated for 1 year with study medication (double‐blind). Study medication contained Fluticasone propionate nasal spray 400 μg bid, or Fluticasone propionate nasal spray 800 μg bid, or placebo bid. Symptoms (using visual analogue scales) and nasendoscopy findings were scored preoperatively and postoperatively for 1 year. Results. No reduction of the recurrence rate of chronic sinusitis or nasal polyps was found in the patient‐groups using Fluticasone propionate nasal spray. No reduction was found when separate groups were analysed (such as nasal polyps, chronic sinusitis, allergy, no history of FESS or use of topical corticosteroids, or high score at FESS). Conclusion. In this trial no positive influence of Fluticasone propionate nasal spray could be found on the recurrence rate of chronic sinusitis and/or nasal polyps.     

Antrochoanal polyposis: analysis of 34 cases

An antrochoanal polyp (ACP) is a benign polypoid lesion originating from the maxillary sinus and extending to the choana. The objective of our study is to assess etiological and associated features of ACPs, and outcome following surgical treatment. Thirty-four patients who had received surgical treatment for ACPs were followed for 35 ± 17.7 months. Factors including patient age, gender, history of allergic rhinitis, chronic sinusitis, nasal septal deviation, turbinate hypertrophy, concha bullosa, accessory ostia, as well as the origin of the polyp, the surgical technique used and any recurrence, were evaluated. Overall, there were 12 females and 22 males. Mean age was 24.94 ± 8.08. Septal deviation was present in 50 %, turbinate hypertrophy in 32.3 %, concha bullosa in 17.6 %, mucous retention cyst in 32.3 %, allergic rhinitis in 44.11 %, and chronic sinusitis in 20.5 %. An accessory ostia was observed in 97.05 %. The functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) approach was used in 31 cases, and three cases had combined FESS and Caldwell Luc procedures. The mean follow-up time was 35.8 ± 17.7 months. Two cases, who had been treated with FESS alone, experienced a recurrence. In conclusion, the commonest predisposing factors for ACPs are chronic inflammatory pathologies such as chronic sinusitis and allergic rhinitis. ACP left the maxillary sinus via an accessory ostium in 97.5 % of the cases. The FESS procedure is a safe and reliable method, and can be combined with the Caldwell Luc procedure when the origin of the maxillary component cannot be properly cleaned. In order to prevent recurrence, total extirpation of the maxillary component is essential.     

儿童鼻窦炎鼻息肉治疗分析

目的探讨儿童鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者的治疗方式与疗效。方法对175例(288侧)儿童鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者的临床资料进行分析。年龄5～17岁,男女比例124:51。其中合并鼻中隔偏曲68例(38.86%),合并鼻窦囊肿16例(9.14%),合并腺样体肥大17例(9.71%)。鼻窦炎并发眶内并发症4例,并发面部蜂窝织炎1例,并发球后视神经炎2例。有哮喘病史者21例(12%),伴有变应性鼻炎症状者62例(35.43%)。173例行鼻内镜手术治疗及系统的术后6～12个月复查随访。结果治愈103例(58.86%),好转54例(30.86%),总有效率89.71%,无效18例(10.29%)。结论儿童鼻窦炎鼻息肉经系统保守治疗无效,应采用手术疗法,手术方式应根据患者的年龄、病变范围及合并症情况综合考虑,以改善鼻腔鼻窦通气引流功能为目的。术中应建立宽敞的术腔入路以利于术后换药及避免术腔粘连。     

Changes in nasal resonance after functional endoscopic sinus surgery

BACKGROUND: Hyponasality may be present in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis because of decreased resonance of nasal cavities. Nasalance is a parameter of nasality measured by a nasometer. This study investigated the influence of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) on nasalance and determined the correlation of the nasalance change with nasal volume change. METHODS: When patients with chronic rhinosinusitis underwent FESS, nasalance was measured by nasometry and nasal volume was measured by acoustic rhinometry before and at least 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: There were 81 eligible patients enrolled in the study. Nasalance scores and nasal volumes were significantly increased after FESS. The increased nasalance value was moderately correlated with the increased midnasal and postnasal volumes. The correlation between postoperative changes in nasalance scores and nasal volumes was more remarkable in patients without nasal polyps than in those with nasal polyps and it was also higher in patients with allergic rhinitis than in those without allergic rhinitis. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the FESS effectively increased nasalance scores and nasal volumes in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, but the increase in nasalance scores did not appear to be achieved largely through the increased nasal volumes.     

Efficacy of posterior nasal neurectomy for allergic rhinitis combined with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Abstract

Background: Allergic rhinitis combined with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ARwCRSwNP) is very common clinically. Conventionally, the treatment for these patients is surgical method for CRSwNP followed by treatment with a nasal steroid spray or other antiallergic drugs to control AR. In recent years, some rhinologists introduced vidian neurectomy (VN) or posterior nasal neurectomy (PNN) into endoscopy to treat refractory AR and reported an encouraging outcome. Furthermore, we explore the control of recurrence of nasal polyps and improvement in symptoms after endoscopic PNN for the treatment of ARwCRSwNP.

Objective: To investigate the control of recurrence of nasal polyps and improvement in symptoms after endoscopic PNN for the treatment of ARwCRSwNP.

Methods: Eighty-five patients with ARwCRSwNP who were admitted to our hospital from November 2016 to July 2018 were enrolled in two groups. Group A underwent conventional functional endoscopic sinusitis surgery (FESS) combined with PNN; group B underwent conventional FESS alone. VAS, RQLQ, SNOT-22 and postoperative nasal endoscopy were used to evaluate the improvement in symptoms and the recurrence of nasal polyps.

Results: The experimental group had better control of sneezing (p?<?.05) and rhinorrhea (p?<?.01) than the control group. For those who underwent surgery more than 6 months prior in both groups, the recurrence rate was 29.6% (8/27) in the experimental group and 44.4% (8/18) in the control group, and there was no significant difference (χ² = .483, p?=?.487).

Conclusion: FESS combined with PNN can improve the symptoms of sneezing and rhinorrhea caused by ARwCRSwNP more obviously than FESS alone, but there is no clear statistical advantage of this procedure for improving the overall symptoms and controlling the recurrence of nasal polyps.     

Balanced physiological saline in the treatment of chronic rhinitis

The effects of a special balanced physiological saline on nasal symptoms of 93 patients with chronic rhinitis were studied. The main diagnoses of the patients were allergic rhinitis, atrophic rhinitis and ozaena, rhinitis sicca, chronic sinusitis, nasal polyposis and postoperative condition after nasal surgery. The tested solution was administered by a simple metered dose pump. 85 (91%) of the patients reported beneficial effects of the tested solution on nasal symptoms. In addition, 22 (71%) of those patients who used continuous anti-allergic medication, mainly intranasal steroids, reported that the tested solution improved the efficacy of their ordinary drug. So the tested solution proved to be beneficial in humidifying atrophic or otherwise dry mucosa, douching crusty nose and as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.     

Study of allergic fungal sinusitis in 40 surgical cases of chronic paranasal sinusitis

Allergic fungal sinusitis is chronic and paranasal, related to fungal allergy. Many papers on allergic fungal sinusitis have been reported in the United State, and the incidence is 5% to 10% among patients with chronic paranasal sinusitis. Although cases of allergic fungal sinusitis have been reported in Japan, the incidence is unclear. We studied allergic fungal sinusitis in 40 consecutive patients--26 men and 14 women--undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery at Keiyukai Sapporo Hospital December 2000 to July 2001. We checked for allergic rhinitis and asthma, a history of surgery for nasal polyps and chronic sinusitis, the presence of nasal polyps, grading of sinusitis via computed tomography, nonspecific IgE and allergen-specific IgE for fungi in serum, eosinophilia in nasal smears, paranasal eosinophilic mucin, and histology and fungal culture of paranasal sinus mucus. None had typical allergic fungal sinusitis, but 1 had eosinophilic paranasal mucin, high IgE, and false-positive IgE for fungi. We studied clinical data and histology of fungi and paranasal mucosa in 9 cases with fungal maxillary sinusitis, but none had allergy or eosinophilic mucin. This suggested that few patients with allergic fungal sinusitis exist among those with chronic paranasal sinusitis.