中药黄藤中的季铵生物碱研究

本文从中药黄藤的根及根茎中分得三种季铵生物碱,化学及光谱数据证明,一为掌叶防己碱(巴马汀),二为药根碱,三系伪非洲防己胺碱。后者为国内首次得到的一种天然伪原小檗碱型生物碱。     

HPLC法测定防己配方颗粒中两种生物碱的含量

目的 建立防己配方颗粒中两种生物碱的含量测定方法.方法 采用高效液相色谱法定量防己诺林碱和粉防己碱,色谱柱:Diamonsil C18反相柱(5 μm×250 mm×4.6 mm),流动相:甲醇-乙腈-0.03mol/L磷酸二氢钾水溶液-三乙胺(45:25:30:0.3),柱温为35℃,流速:1.0mL/min,检测波长:280nm.结果 HPLC法测定结果 显示,色谱峰形好,分离度高,阴性对照无干扰.防己诺林碱在0.3145～3.774μg(r＝1)呈良好的线性关系,粉防己碱在0.9525～11.43μg(r＝1)呈良好的线性关系;供试品在24h内稳定(防己诺林碱RSD＝1.05%,粉防己碱RSD=1.37%);该方法 精密度高(防己诺林碱RSD＝0.92%,粉防己碱RSD=0.04%),重复性良好(防己诺林碱RSD＝1.73%,粉防己碱RSD=1.28%),平均加样回收率为:防己诺林碱99.285%(RSD＝2.49%)和粉防己碱99.33%(RSD=2.22%).结论 所建立的方法 适合作为防己配方颗粒的含量测定方法.     

不同贮藏期黄连的化学成分分析

目的:比较不同贮藏期黄连小檗碱型生物碱的含量变化.方法:采用HPLC法测定不同贮藏期的黄连中Groenlandicine、非洲防己碱、药根碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀、小檗碱以及总碱的含量.结果:随着贮藏期的延长,黄连中小檗碱型生物碱的含量无显著变化.结论:黄连应保存在常温、干燥、阴凉、通风的条件下,以保证其质量和药用功效.     

木防己中两种水溶性生物碱的分离与鉴定

从木防己根中分离出两种水溶性季铵生物碱,即B-Ⅰ和B-Ⅱ。根据理化常数、化学方法和光谱分析,B-Ⅰ为一种新发现的生物碱,命名为木防已宁碱(trilobinine),B-Ⅱ为木兰碱(magnoflorine)。     

小花地不容的微量生物碱

报道从防己科千金藤属植物小花地不容块根的低极性提取部分分离得到的四种生物碱:去氢异劳瑞宁碱(Ⅰ)、N-苯基-2-萘胺(Ⅱ)、去氢罗默碱(Ⅲ)、去氢千金藤碱(Ⅳ)的结构鉴定。     

青藤生物碱成分的研究

目的: 研究青藤 (sinomenium actum(thumb) Rehd.et wils)中具有纳洛酮戒断作用的生物碱类化学成分.方法: 采用硅胶柱层析进行分离纯化,通过理化和波谱分析鉴定其化学结构.结果: 从青藤的氯仿部分分离得到3个生物碱,经理化和波谱分析鉴定为青藤碱1 (sinomenine)、青风藤碱2(sinoacutine)和木兰碱3 (magnoflorine).结论: 青藤中可分离到3种生物碱.     

青牛胆化学成分的研究

目的:对青牛胆的化学成分进行研究.方法:应用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、RP-18柱色谱进行分离、纯化,根据理化常数和光谱分析鉴定结构.结果:从青牛胆中分离出5个化合物,经鉴定为:20β-羟基蜕皮素(Ⅰ)、金果榄苷(Ⅱ)、非洲防己碱(Ⅲ)、尖防己碱(Ⅳ)、药根碱(Ⅴ).结论:化合物Ⅴ为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

粉防己中粉防己碱和防己诺林碱的分离制备研究

目的:建立粉防己中粉防己碱和防己诺林碱的分离制备方法。方法:采用柱色谱法对粉防己碱和防己诺林碱进行分离,采用薄层色谱法对粉防己碱和防己诺林碱的纯化品进行定性鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法对其进行含量测定。结果:经薄层色谱法鉴定粉防己碱与防己诺林碱的纯化品与标准品图谱一致;经高效液相色谱法测定,所得样品中粉防己碱和防己诺林碱的百分含量分别为100.97%和98.54%。结论:本方法简便易行,所得粉防己碱与防己诺林碱纯度高。     

延胡索中生物碱成分的研究

目的 提取分离延胡索中的生物碱供延胡索种质评价使用。方法 运用色谱学和波谱学方法分离鉴定延胡索中的生物碱。结果 从延胡索总碱中分离得到了13种生物碱，鉴定了其中12种生物碱的结构，分别为:d-紫堇碱，四氢巴马亭，脱氢紫堇碱，四氢黄连碱，四氢小檗碱，异紫堇球碱，原托品碱，四氢非洲防己胺，氯仿巴马亭，saulatine，海罂粟碱，脱氢海罂粟碱。结论 生物碱saulatine为首次从罂粟科植物中分得，异紫堇球碱为首次从延胡索中分得。     

云南青牛胆块根的化学成分研究

目的 对云南青牛胆块根的化学成分进行研究。 方法 用常压硅胶柱色谱、反相色谱、薄层色谱及Sephadex LH-20柱色谱法分离,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果 分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为古伦宾(columbin,1 )、非洲防己苷C(palmatoside C,2)、去氧黄藤苦素(绿白黄藤素,fibleucin,3)、巴马亭(palmatine,4)、药根碱(jatrorrhizine,5)、非洲防己碱(columbamine,6)、2hydroxyecdysone(7)、abutasterone(8)、2-deoxy-20-hydroxyecdysone 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9)、(+)lyoniresinol2α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(10)和α-D-glucopyranosyl(2→1)α-D-glucopyranoside(11)。     

Dose-dependent effects of recombinant human interleukin-11 on the systemic hemodynamic function and urination

The purpose of this study was to determine whether recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) could dose-dependently improve the hemodynamic function. Using a swine hemorrhagic shock model, rhIL-11 was given at the beginning of resuscitation. The animals were randomized to receive a single dose of rhIL-11 (5, 20, or 50 microg/kg, group I to III for respectively) or saline (group IV). Blood, urine and both pleural and peritoneal effusion were thus obtained and analyzed. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was higher post-resuscitation (PR) in group III (62.9+/-8.2 mmHg) than in groups I, II and IV (54.9+/-1.7, 53.9+/-4.3, 55.9+/-9.4 mmHg, respectively) (P<0.01). The urine output (I: 999+/-428, II: 1249+/-180, III: 1434+/-325, IV: 958+/-390 ml) and the cardiac output (CO) (I: 3.01+/-0.66, II: 3.30+/-0.49, III: 3.43+/-0.57, IV: 2.73+/-0.49 L/min.) increased in a dose dependent manner of rhIL-11. CO level and urine output were significantly higher in group III than in group IV (P<0.05). In addition, the volume of third space fluid loss (pleural and peritoneal effusion) of group III was significantly lower than other groups (I: 157+/-32, II: 138+/-32, III: 82+/-21, IV: 125+/-32 ml) (P<0.05). In conclusion, even a low dose of rhIL-11 improved the hemodynamic functions dose-dependently in a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock, although the relationship did not demonstrate a simple linearity.     

肥厚型心肌病患者左房射血力变化的超声研究

目的：评价肥厚型心肌病（HCM）患者的左房射血力并探讨其意义。方法：使用超声技术测量56例HCM患者和33例正常对照的左房射血力,根据HCM患者左室舒张功能受损程度不同依次分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组。结杲：左房射血力,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组高于正常对照组、Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组,其中Ⅱ组又高于Ⅲ组（P均〈0．05）;肺静脉口A波峰值流速,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组明显高于正常对照组及Ⅰ组,其中Ⅱ组又高于Ⅳ组（P均〈0．05）;左房泵血量,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组高于正常对照组（P均〈0．05）。结论：多数肥厚型心肌病患者左房射血力代偿性增加,左房射血力受心室顺应性等因素影响。     

Expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 in renal fibrosis of human mesengial proliferative glomerulonephritis]

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible effect of transforming growth factor-beta(1) (TGF -beta(1)) on the development of renal fibrosis in human mesengial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN). METHODS: Immunohistochemistry method, sirius red staining polarization microscopy and the computer imaging analysis system were used to detect the expression of TGF-beta(1), the distribution of collagen I, collagen III and collagen IV. RESULT: In MsPGN with renal fibrosis, collagen IV was increased markedly,and collagen I and collagen III appeared in the expanded mesengial matrix abnormally. Collagen III and collagen IV were increased markedly in tubulointerstitium. TGF-beta(1) expression was positively correlated with the expression of collagen I, collagen III and collagen IV in tubulointerstitium (r=0.82 0.92,P<0.01), and negatively correlated with I/III, I/IV and III/IV (r=-0.83,-0.92, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Abnormal increase of TGF-beta(1) may be one of the important factors associated with glomerular sclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis through the increment and abnormal distribution of collagen I, collagen III and collagen IV.     

一氧化氮合成酶Ⅲ基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病的相关性

目的研究中国汉族人群中的一氧化氮合成酶(nitric oxide synthase,NOS)Ⅲ基因G894T多态性与散发性阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)的相关性.方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)法对75例AD患者,68例正常对照者进行NOSⅢ等位基因和基因型分析.结果在AD组和正常对照组均可鉴别到GG、GT两种基因型,其在AD组频率分别为78.7%和21.3%,在正常对照组分别为82.4%和17.6%,两组间频率分布差异无显著性(P＞0.05).NOSⅢ基因型与AD无明显关联(P＞0.05).在AD组和正常对照组中均检出两种等位基因G和T,在AD组G、T等位基因频率分别为89.3%和10.7%,正常对照组分别为91.2%和8.8%,两组间频率分布差异无显著性(P＞0.05).未发现NOSⅢ等位基因与AD有明显关联(P＞0.05).结论未发现中国汉族人群中NOSⅢ基因G894T多态性与AD存在关联.     

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in patients with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning

Objective:To evaluate the changes of brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in patients with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Methods: BAEPs were performed in 32 controls and 40 patients. Wave Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ ,Ⅳ, Ⅴ latencies and Ⅰ-Ⅲ , Ⅲ-Ⅴ , Ⅰ-Ⅴ interpeak latencies were measured, respectively. Results: Abnormalities of BAEPs in 13 patients (13/40, 32 ％). Among the13 abnormal BAEPs, 3 displayed prolongation of latency to waves in one side, no potential in another side; 5 displayed a similar abnormality which was bilateral prolongation of latency to waves ;and another 5 displayed unilateral latency delay. Compared wave Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ , Ⅳ, Ⅴ latencies and Ⅰ-Ⅲ , Ⅲ-Ⅴ , Ⅰ-Ⅴ interpeak latencies in the patients and the controls, there were no significant differences (P＞0.05). Conclusion: BAEPs can be used for evaluating the diagnostic and prognostic values in the cases of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning.     

蛋白激酶C对离体兔心脏的保护作用

目的探讨蛋白激酶C对离体兔心的保护及机制。方法应用蛋白激酶C的激活剂和阻断剂,通过Langendroff离体兔心灌注模型,测定心功能指标、心肌CK-MB、LDH、MDA、SOD含量,计算心肌含水量及检测凋亡细胞,了解蛋白激酶C对心功能的影响。结果缺血预适应组和蛋白激酶C激活组的心肌CK-MB(233·6U/g±24·6U/g,285·9U/g±21·4U/g),LDH(83·9U/g±6·5U/g,91·2U/g±5·4U/g和SOD(201·0U/g±17·4U/g,91·9U/g±22·1U/g)含量均高于对照组(132·5U/g±24·8U/g,74·1U/g±7·4U/g,180·3U/g±16·8U/g)和激活阻断组(135·1U/g±28·8U/g;75·1U/g±8·8U/g,184·5U/g±16·9U/g)(P<0·05),而MDA含量、心肌含水量明显低于对照组和激活阻断组(均P<0·05)。结论蛋白激酶C对离体兔心具有肯定的保护作用。     

Y染色体非重组区Hind Ⅲ酶切位点多态性与原发性高血压

目的探讨Y染色体非重组区HindⅢ酶切位点多态性与中国汉族人群原发性高血压的关系.方法入选男性研究对象857例,其中原发性高血压患者402例、正常对照人群455名.所有研究对象用常规方法提取白细胞DNA,采用多聚酶链反应结合限制性内切酶(HindⅢ)方法检测Y染色体非重组区HindⅢ酶切位点多态性.结果对照组和原发性高血压组Y染色体HindⅢ酶切位点多态性比较各基因型差异有统计学意义(P=0.02),高血压患者HindⅢ(+)者基因型为58.5%(235/402),正常人群为66.4%(302/455);高血压患者HindⅢ(+)者基因型少于正常人群,HindⅢ(-)者基因型增多.HindⅢ(+)者基因型收缩压(133.8 mm Hg±25.2 mm Hg),舒张压(83.5 mmHg±13.3 mm Hg)和平均动脉压(100.2 mm Hg±16.5 mm Hg)均明显低于HindⅢ(-)者基因型(分别为138.0 mm Hg±27.0 mm Hg、85.9 mm Hg±14.4 mm Hg、103.3 mm Hg±17.6 mm Hg,均P＜0.05).结论Y染色体HindⅢ酶切位点多态性与原发性高血压有关,可能是中国汉族人群原发性高血压的一个遗传标志.     

Local administration of liposomal adriamycin inhibited proliferation of metastatic cells in axillary lymph nodes in rabbit breast cancer model

Objective： To assess the inhibitory effects of liposomal adriamycin （LADR） locally injected into mammary glands of VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits on proliferation of lymph nodal metastatic cells. Methods： Twenty-one VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups. Rabbits were randomized to receive sham treatment （Group I）, subcutaneous LADR around tumor （Group Ⅱ） and intravenous free adriamycin （Group Ⅲ）, respectively. Breast tumor and axillary lymph nodes were harvested after 3 repeated treatment. Nodal sizes of both pre-and post-treatment were measured. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） mRNA in both tumor and lymph nodes were determined by RT-PCR. Results： The mean size of axillary lymph nodes in Group I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ increased by 3.70%, 1.55% and 2.89%, respectively, with significant difference between Group Ⅲ and I （P=-0.004） and between Group Ⅱ and Ⅲ（P=-0.002）. Relative expression values of PCNA mRNA in breast tumors of Group I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 0.486, 0.513 and 0.396, respectively. For Group Ⅲ, PCNA mRNA was significantly less expressed than that in Group I （P=-0.023） and Ⅱ（P=0.005）. Relative expression values of PCNA mRNA in axillary lymph nodes of Group I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 0.541, 0.329 and 0.450, respectively. Compared with Group I, Group Ⅲ showed a markedly decreased expression of PCNA （P=-0.021）. The least level ofPCNA mRNA was found in Group Ⅱ, with a significant difference from that in Group Ⅲ（P=-0.004）. Conclusion： Local injection of LADR was an effective therapeutic regimen for lymphatic metastases from breast cancer, regardless of its little effect on primary tumor.     

癌性骨痛放射治疗分割模式研究

目的:探讨恶性肿瘤骨转移放射治疗的理想分割模式。方法:以例恶性肿瘤骨转移患者为研究对象。按不同的165放射治疗分割方法分为三组:Ⅰ组(常规分割组)、Ⅱ组(较大分割组)、Ⅲ组(大分割组)。分别比较它们的疗效、骨痛分值、止痛起效时间和疼痛缓解程度。结果:恶性肿瘤骨转移放射治疗的总有效率为,总显效率为,其中组与94.5w.0%IIII组显效率相比P;各组放疗前后骨痛分值均明显降低(、组<0.05IIIP,组<0.05IIIP);组与组、组与组相比平均起<0.01IIIIIIIII效时间均有显著性差异(分别为P,<0.01P)。从止痛起效时间,骨痛缓解程度等参数分析,大分割组(组)明显优<0.05III于其它二组。结论:大分割模式是恶性肿瘤骨转移放射治疗的理想方法。     

鼻咽癌放射治疗分型的临床研究

目的通过调查我院单纯根治性放射治疗的鼻咽癌患者,根据放射治疗后复发转移的情况,提出鼻咽癌临床放射治疗分型,总结其分布规律。方法随机抽取20世纪90年代在中山大学肿瘤防治中心行单纯根治性放疗鼻咽癌住院病人842例,根据5年的随访结果,无原发部位和区域淋巴结复发及无远处转移设定为辐射敏感不易转移型（Ⅰ型）、有原发部位或区域淋巴结复发及无远处转移定为辐射抗拒不易转移型（Ⅱ型）、无原发部位和区域淋巴结复发及有远处转移定为辐射敏感易转移型（Ⅲ型）、有原发部位或区域淋巴结复发及有远处转移定为辐射抗拒易转移犁（Ⅳ型）,分析4种临床放射治疗分型的分布规律以及4种分型与谢志光分型之间的联系。结果（1）4种分型的比例为辐射敏感不易转移型50．6％（426例）,辐射抗拒不易转移型23．2％（195例）,辐射敏感易转移型20．7％（174例）和辐射抗拒易转移型5．6％（47例）。（2）842例患者中有264例可按谢氏分型标准进行分型,其中上行型24．6％（65例）,下行型23．1％（61例）,混合型52．3％（138例）;上行型中：Ⅰ型58．5％,Ⅱ型29．2％,Ⅲ型10．8％,Ⅳ型1．5％;下行型中：Ⅰ型47．5％,Ⅱ型9．8％,Ⅲ型36．1％,Ⅳ型6．6％;混合型中：Ⅰ型34．8％,Ⅱ型26．8,Ⅲ型33．3％,Ⅳ型5．1％。（3）92临床分期早期（Ⅰ、Ⅱ期）有307例,Ⅰ型62．2％（191例）,Ⅱ型21．2％（65例）,Ⅲ型12．4％（38例）,Ⅳ型4．2％（13例）;晚期（Ⅲ、Ⅳ期）有535例,Ⅰ型43．9％（235例）,Ⅱ型24．3％（130例）,Ⅲ型25．4％（136例）,Ⅳ型6．4％（34例）。结论在鼻咽癌中存在上述4种放射治疗分型,其构成比为：放射敏感不易转移型（Ⅰ型）〉放射抗拒不易转移型（Ⅱ型）〉放射敏感易转移型（Ⅲ型）〉放射抗拒易转移型（Ⅳ型）,在谢氏的下行型和混合型中及92福州临床分期晚期（Ⅲ、Ⅳ期）中,放射敏感易转移型（Ⅲ型）的比例大于放射抗拒不易转移型（Ⅱ型）,放射治疗分型是对鼻咽癌临床分型及分期的补充。