癌症高表达蛋白在胃癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨胃癌组织中癌症高表达蛋白(ttec1)的表达与肿瘤浸润、转移及预后的关系.方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测20例正常胃组织、40例癌旁组织及癌组织中Hec1的表达.结果 在正常胃、癌旁组织及胃癌组织中,Hec1蛋白的阳性表达率分别为0%,20.0%.67.5%,各组Hec1蛋白的表达差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).Hec1蛋白的表达与胃癌的临床病理分期、侵袭转移有关,在发生淋巴道转移及低分化的肿瘤组织中,Hec1蛋白高表达.结论 Hec1蛋白的过度表达可能在胃癌的发生和发展中起重要作用,联合应用Heel蛋白阳性表达率与其临床病理学分级,有助于正确判断患者的预后.     

PCNA蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达及其与预后的关系

目的：探讨PCNA蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达情况,并分析其与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法：回顾性分析300例确诊并手术治疗的胃癌患者的病历资料,采用免疫组织化学SP法检测PCNA蛋白在胃癌组织及癌旁正常组织的表达,使用Kaplan-Meier法计算无复发生存率,评估PCNA蛋白与胃癌生物学特征及预后的关系。结果：癌旁正常组织中PCNA蛋白的阳性表达水平明显低于肿瘤组织（13.3%vs 36.7%,P〈0.05）。PCNA蛋白的表达与胃癌患者年龄、性别、肿瘤大小以及是否有远处转移等无明显相关性（P〉0.05）;而与病理组织的Lauren分型、肿瘤细胞的分化程度、是否有淋巴结转移以及TNM分期相关（P〈0.05）。Kaplan-Merier曲线显示,PCNA蛋白阳性表达患者的术后无复发生存率较阴性表达患者明显降低（P〈0.001）。结论：PCNA蛋白在胃癌组织中高表达,其高表达提示预后不良。     

DEC1和STAT3在胃癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨DECl和S1-AT3在胃癌组织中的表达及其在胃癌发病机制中的作用.方法:利用免疫组织匕学方法检测59例胃癌组织中DEC1、STAr3 2种蛋白的表达情况,以19例癌旁正常组织作为对照.结果:DECl蛋白在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为71.2%,高于癌旁正常组织的阳性表达率(26.3%.P<0.05).胃癌组织中的DECl表达与STAT3表达呈正相关,与肿瘤的分化程度有关,但与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、TNM分期、浸润深度、有无淋巴结转移及远处转移无关;STAT3蛋白的表达与肿瘤的TNM分期、分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移有关,而与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小及远处转移无关.结论:DEC1蛋白在胃癌组织中高表达,且与STAT3蛋白的表达相关.DECl和STAT3均为转录调节因子,二者的相互调节很可能在胃癌的发生发展中具有重要作用.     

OGDHL与BRCA2蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的 ：探讨类草酸谷氨酸脱氢酶(OGDHL)与乳腺癌2号基因(BRCA2)蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法：选取本院2016年6月至2018年12月收治的136例胃癌患者癌组织(病例组)及癌旁组织(癌旁组)为研究对象，采用实时荧光逆转录(RT-PCR)及免疫组织化学法检测胃癌组织和癌旁组织中OGDHL、BRCA2 m RNA及蛋白水平，采用χ²检验及Cox回归分析胃癌患者临床病理特征、预后与OGDHL、BRCA2表达的相关性。结果：病例组OGDHL、BRCA2 m RNA表达低于癌旁组(P<0.05)。病例组OGDHL、BRCA2蛋白水平和阳性率低于癌旁组(P<0.05)。OGDHL、BRCA2蛋白水平与胃癌患者年龄无关(P>0.05)，与肿瘤最大径、TNM分期、浸润深度、淋巴血管间隙浸润、淋巴结转移、复发相关，且肿瘤最大径≥5 cm、TNM分期越高、浸润深度越深、有淋巴血管间隙浸润、淋巴结转移、复发的患者OGDHL、BRCA2蛋白阳性表达率越低(P<0.05)。OGDHL、BRCA2阳性组生存率明显高于OGDHL、BRCA2阴性组...     

CAFs在胃癌组织中的表达及与临床病理特征的关系

目的:探讨胃癌患者间质中肿瘤相关纤维母细胞(CAFs)的表达及与胃癌临床病理特征的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学Elivision二步法检测71例胃癌组织中α-SMA来验证CAFs的表达,并分析其与胃癌临床病理特征及预后的关系。结果:胃癌组织中黏膜细胞与腺细胞排列杂乱,其中α-SMA在胃癌组织中的表达明显;癌旁组织中α-SMA的表达呈强阳性。胃癌组织α-SMA的表达高于正常组织(P<0.05);癌旁组织高于胃癌组织及正常组织(P<0.05)。胃癌组织α-SMA的表达与胃癌患者的性别、年龄、Lauren分型及组织学分级无关(P>0.05),与肿瘤大小和淋巴结转移相关(P<0.05)。肿瘤直径<3 cm预后较好,5年预后未复发率80.0%,肿瘤直径>5 cm患者5年预后复发转移或死亡者在75.0%。结论:胃癌组织及癌旁组织中CAFs呈高表现,其中癌旁组织表达高于癌组织,其与胃癌肿瘤大小和淋巴结转移呈正相关性,预后较差,与胃癌的侵袭转移密切相关。     

HER-2/neu蛋白表达与胃癌临床病理特征及预后关系的研究

探讨胃癌组织中人表皮生长因子受体(HER)-2/neu蛋白的表达与患者临床病理特征及预后的关系。选取本院肿瘤科收治的98例胃癌确诊患者肿瘤组织标本及40例患者癌旁组织行免疫组化染色,观察两种组织标本中HER-2/neu蛋白表达情况,并分析其与胃癌患者临床病理特征和预后的关系。胃癌组织中HER-2/neu蛋白阳性表达率显著高于癌旁组织(38.78%比0,P0.05)。胃癌组织中HER-2/neu蛋白阳性表达主要与肿瘤淋巴结转移、远处转移、浸润深度、TNM分期、Lauren分型有关(P0.05)。HER-2/neu蛋白阴性表达患者的3年生存率显著高于阳性表达患者(58.33%比28.95%,χ~2=8.066,P0.05)。胃癌组织HER-2/neu蛋白阳性表达患者的中位生存时间显著低于阴性表达患者(17.9个月比28.6个月,χ~2=10.565,P0.05)。胃癌组织中HER-2/neu蛋白的表达与患者临床病理特征及远期预后密切相关。     

着丝粒蛋白H在胃癌组织中的表达及其与预后关系

目的：研究着丝粒蛋白H（centromere protein H,CENPH）在胃癌及癌旁组织的表达及其与患者临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法123例胃癌根治患者的临床病理资料及石蜡组织标本,采用免疫组织化学法检测CENPH蛋白在胃癌及癌旁组织中的表达水平,Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,Cox比例风险模型进行单因素及多因素生存分析。结果123例胃癌患者中,58例（47．2％）存在CENPH高表达。CENPH与肿瘤浸润深度（P＝0．049）、淋巴结转移（P＝0．007）及脉管瘤栓（P＝0．045）密切相关。Kaplan-Meier分析结果显示,CENPH高表达者的5年总生存率为41．2％,明显低于CENPH低表达者的67．3％（P＝0．001）。Cox模型分析结果显示,CENPH是胃癌患者总生存时间的独立预后因素（P＝0．026）。结论 CENPH高表达与胃癌浸润深度、淋巴结转移和脉管瘤栓相关,可能是胃癌患者预后不良的一个潜在分子指标。     

胃癌组织中Omi/HtrA2的表达及与预后的关系

目的 探讨丝氨酸蛋白酶Omi/HtrA2在胃癌组织中的表达及其与胃癌临床病理特征及预后的关系.方法 采用免疫组化法检测68例胃癌组织、15例癌旁组织及15例正常胃黏膜组织中Omi/HtrA2的表达,并分析其表达与胃癌临床病理特征及预后的关系.结果 Omi/HtrA2在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为73.5%（50/68）,高于癌旁组织（13.3%,2/15）和正常胃黏膜（6.7%,1/15）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.胃癌组织中Omi/HtrA2的表达与患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤大小及浸润深度无关（P＞0.05） 与肿瘤的分化程度、淋巴结转移和临床分期有关（P＜0.05）.本组胃癌患者5年总体生存率为63.3%,其中Omi/HtrA2表达阳性组和阴性组分别为72.0%和61.1%,两组比较,差异并无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 Omi/HtrA2在胃癌组织中高表达,其表达与胃癌分化程度、淋巴结转移及TNM分期有关,但并不影响胃癌患者的预后.     

Wnt7a蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达及其与预后的关系

目的:Wnt7a在胃癌组织中的表达及其与胃癌患者临床病理因素及预后的关系。方法:收集胃癌切除术组织样本135例,用Western blot和免疫组化染色检测Wnt7a蛋白在胃癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达。分析Wnt7a表达与胃癌患者临床病理因素以及与胃癌患者无瘤生存率及总生存率的关系。结果:Wnt7a在胃癌组织中的表达量高于癌旁组织,其在胃癌组织中的高表达率也明显高于癌旁组织(χ~2=30.5,P=0.000)。Wnt7a蛋白表达与患者性别、年龄、HP感染、分化程度和Lauren分型无关(P0.05),而与TNM分期、远处和淋巴结转移有关(P0.05)。Wnt7a高表达胃癌患者1、5年无瘤生存率及总生存率均明显低于Wnt7a低表达胃癌患者(均P0.01)。Wnt7a高表达(P=0.01)与远处转移(P=0.02)及为影响胃癌患者无瘤生存率的独立危险因素,而Wnt7a高表达(P=0.02)与TNM分期(P=0.03)、远处转移(P0.01)为影响胃癌患者总生存率的独立危险因素。结论:Wnt7a蛋白在胃癌组织中高表达,且与患者恶性病理特征显著相关。Wnt7a蛋白表达可作为胃癌患者术后生存预后评估的指标之一。     

血管内皮生长因子-C和生存素在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨胃癌组织中血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF）-C和生存素（sunrivin）蛋白表达及其临床意义。方法 采用免疫组织化学SP法检测97例原发性胃癌组织、癌旁组织及20例正常胃黏膜组织中VEGF-C和survivin蛋白的表达，并分析其与临床病理特征和预后的关系。结果 胃癌组织VEGF-C和survivin蛋白表达阳性率分别为66．0％和57．2％，显著高于癌旁组织和正常胃组织（P〈0．05）；VEGF-C蛋白表达与肿瘤分化程度、肿瘤部位、肿瘤直径、静脉侵犯及远处转移等无关，但与淋巴结转移、淋巴管侵犯、浆膜面受累和肿瘤TNM分期等密切相关；survivin蛋白表达与肿瘤分化程度、肿瘤部位、肿瘤直径、静脉侵犯等无关，但与浆膜面受累、淋巴管侵犯、淋巴结转移、远处转移和肿瘤TNM分期等密切相关；VEGF-C和survivin阳性表达组术后生存率明显低于阴性组；VEGF-C和survivin在胃癌组织中阳性表达呈正相关。结论 VEGF-C及survivin蛋白的阳性表达可作为胃癌预后不良的参考指标。     

Prognostic Significance of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D in Gastric Carcinoma

The angiogenic factor called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D is a ligand for VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2/KDR) and receptor-3 (VEGFR-3/Flt-4). It is implicated in the development of lymphatic vessels and promotion of lymphatic metastasis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of VEGF-D expression in patients with gastric carcinoma. We assessed the expression of VEGF-D in gastric carcinoma by immunohistochemistry on 143 consecutive patients’ stored sections and evaluated the lymphatic vessel count (LVC) in tumors using the novel selective lymphatic endothelium marker D2-40. VEGF-D expression was observed in 55 (39%) tumor sections. The expression of VEGF-D correlated significantly with tumor size, T of the TNM classification, lymphatic and venous system invasion, LVC, lymph node metastasis, M of TNM, and pTNM stage. Multivariate analysis indicated that VEGF-D expression was an independent prognostic factor for both relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Our data indicate the involvement of VEGF-D in tumor progression via lymphoangiogenic pathways. Practically, VEGF-D expression can be useful for predicting RFS and OS in patients with gastric carcinoma.     

Prognostic Significance of VEGF Expression in Correlation With COX-2, Microvessel Density,and Clinicopathological Characteristics in Human Gastric Carcinoma

Background Many studies have shown that angiogenesis plays an important role in the process of cancer development and progression. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has a potent angiogenic activity, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) supports angiogenesis by regulated production of angiogenic factors, including VEGF. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of VEGF in combination with COX-2 and CD34, their correlation with various clinicopathological factors, and their prognostic significance in human gastric carcinoma. Methods Specimens from 169 patients with different grade and stage gastric carcinoma were investigated by immunohistochemistry for COX-2 and VEGF expression. Tumor microvessel density was assessed with CD34 immunostaining. Correlations between the expression of VEGF, COX-2, CD34, and various clinicopathological factors were studied. The effect of these proteins on patient survival was determined. Results COX-2 and VEGF were positively expressed in 36.7% and 50.3% of the patients, respectively. Positive correlation was found between VEGF and COX-2 and between VEGF and CD34. VEGF expression was correlated with depth of invasion; metastatic lymph nodes; lymphatic and venous invasion; and tumor, node, metastasis system stage. Patients with positive staining for VEGF showed far lower disease-free (64.9% vs. 81.3%) and overall (58.3% vs. 76.9%) survival rates than VEGF-negative patients. In multivariate analysis, only tumor location, depth of invasion, and lymph node metastasis were shown to be independent prognostic factors. Conclusions VEGF expression correlates with angiogenesis and tumor progression and is a valuable prognostic factor in patients with gastric carcinoma.     

胃癌淋巴管生成与淋巴结转移的关系

目的:研究胃癌淋巴管生成与淋巴结转移的关系。方法:应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫细胞化学方法检测血管内皮生长因子-C(VEGF-C)和血管内皮生长因子受体-3(VEGFR-3)mRNA及其蛋白在5株胃癌细胞株和3对伴有淋巴结转移的胃癌组织及相应的正常黏膜中的表达。此外,还应用免疫组织化学方法检测86例胃癌标本的淋巴管密度(LVD)和VEGF-C蛋白的表达。结果:VEGF-C mRNA和蛋白高表达于3株胃癌细胞,而VEGFR-3 mRNA和蛋白在上述3个细胞株中均呈弱表达。VEGF-C和VEGFR-3 mRNA均表达于3对伴有淋巴结转移的胃癌和相应的正常黏膜组织中,但在正常组织中的表达水平低于肿瘤组织。VEGF-C蛋白在66.3%(57/86)的病例中呈阳性表达。在伴淋巴结转移的胃癌中,VEGF-C表达较无淋巴结转移者更显著(P<0.001),其表达与淋巴管浸润(P<0.001)和TNM分期(P<0.01)均密切相关,但与病人的年龄和性别、肿瘤大小、位置、组织学类型、浸润深度及远处转移均无明显相关。LVD则与VEGF-C蛋白表达(P<0.001)、淋巴结转移(P<0.01)、淋巴管浸润(P<0.01)、TNM分期(P<0.05)及组织学类型(P<0.05)密切相关,但与病人的年龄和性别、肿瘤大小、位置、浸润深度及远处转移无明显相关。结论:在胃癌中,VEGF-C可能通过VEGFR-3信号通道促进淋巴管生成,从而增加胃癌淋巴结转移率。因此,肿瘤淋巴管生成可能成为治疗胃癌的一个新靶点。     

胃癌组织血管内皮细胞生长因子及其受体Flt-1的表达及与胃癌生物学行为的关系

目的探讨血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）及其受体fms-样酪氨酸激酶（Flt-1）在胃癌组织中的表达及其与肿瘤微血管密度（MVD）、浸润转移和生存期的关系。方法应用原位杂交和免疫组织化学技术，检测118例胃癌组织中VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA及CD34蛋白的表达。结果胃癌组织中VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA的阳性表达率分别为54．24％和55．9％：浸润性生长的肿瘤组织中VEGF和Flt-1的阳性表达率和MVD值明显高于膨胀性生长者（P〈0．01），VEGF和Flt-1表达及MVD值与浸润深度、脉管侵犯、淋巴结转移和远处转移显著相关（P〈0．05）；MVD值与VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA的表达水平有关（均P〈0．01）；VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA阳性表达及MVD值超过或等于54．9个／mm^2患者的平均生存时间和5年生存率均显著低于VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA阴性表达及MVD值少于54．9个／mm^2者。结论VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA可促进胃癌血管生成。并参与肿瘤浸润转移的过程，可作为反映胃癌生物学行为和判断预后的生物学指标。     

Intrahepatic Lymphatic Invasion Independently Predicts Poor Survival and recurrences after Hepatectomy in Patients with Colorectal Carcinoma Liver Metastases

BACKGROUND: D2-40 monoclonal antibody immunoreactivity is specific for lymphatic endothelium and therefore provides a marker of lymphatic invasion. We hypothesized that intrahepatic lymphatic invasion reflects the nodal status of colorectal carcinoma liver metastases and may function as an adverse prognostic factor. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 105 consecutive patients who underwent resection for colorectal carcinoma liver metastases was conducted. Intrahepatic lymphatic invasion was declared when either single tumor cells or cell clusters were clearly visible within vessels that showed immunoreactivity for D2-40 monoclonal antibody. The median follow-up time was 124 months. RESULTS: Of 105 patients, 13 were classified as having intrahepatic lymphatic invasion. All tumor foci of intrahepatic lymphatic invasion were detected within the portal tracts. Intrahepatic lymphatic invasion was significantly associated with hepatic lymph node involvement (P = 0.039). Survival after resection was significantly worse in patients with intrahepatic lymphatic invasion (median survival time of 13 months; cumulative five-year survival rate of 0%) than in patients without (median survival time of 40 months; cumulative five-year survival rate of 41%; P < 0.0001). Patients with intrahepatic lymphatic invasion also showed decreased disease-free survival rates (P < 0.0001). Intrahepatic lymphatic invasion thus independently affected both survival (relative risk, 7.666; 95% confidence interval, 3.732-15.748; P < 0.001) and disease-free survival (relative risk, 4.112; 95% confidence interval, 2.185-7.738; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Intrahepatic lymphatic invasion is associated with hepatic lymph node involvement and is an adverse prognostic factor in patients with colorectal carcinoma liver metastases.     

Clinicopathological features of gastric carcinoma in younger and middle-aged patients: A comparative study

Gastric carcinoma is relatively rare in patients under the age of 40. This study was undertaken to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics and surgical outcomes of gastric carcinoma in younger patients compared with those of middle-aged patients. The surgical results from 131 younger patients (aged ⩽40 years) and 918 middle-aged patients (aged 55–65 years) were compared retrospectively. Female gender, undifferentiated tumor type and lymphatic invasion were significantly more common in the younger patients. Survival time did not differ between the two groups. The depth of tumor invasion was the only prognostic factor in younger patients, whereas macroscopic appearance, tumor diameter, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and venous invasion were all significant prognostic factors in middle-aged patients. Peritoneal recurrence was significantly more common in younger patients. A family history of gastric adenocarcinoma was observed in 25.9% of younger patients, but this did not affect survival outcomes. As depth of invasion affects prognosis independently, and peritoneal metastasis is the predominant pattern of recurrence, it is essential to establish an optimal prophylactic treatment for peritoneal metastasis to improve surgical outcomes in younger patients with advanced gastric cancer.     

The significance of nm23 protein expression in human gastric carcinomas

The clinical significance of nm23 protein (nm23) expression was studied in tissue samples from 110 patients with primary gastric cancer by immunohistochemical staining with the anti-nm23 antibody. Primary carcinomas with either lymph node involvement or liver metastasis expressed significantly reduced levels of nm23 compared to those without metastasis. This relationship was clearer in the more differentiated adenocarcinomas than in the poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. However, there was no correlation between nm23 expression and depth of invasion, quantity of stroma, infiltrating growth pattern, or macroscopic type. The cumulative 5-year survival rates based on nm23 immunoreactivity within the primary tumor were significantly higher in the nonreduced expression group (72%) than in the reduced expression group (45%). A multivariate analysis revealed that nm23 expression levels influence the outcome of patients as strongly as depth of invasion and more strongly than the other clinicopathological factors. These results suggest that the degree of nm23 expression is closely related to the metastatic potential of gastric carcinoma cells and can be used as a prognostic indicator independent of the clinicopathological features.     

胃癌肝转移的肝切除治疗及预后分析

目的 探讨胃癌肝转移肝切除治疗的疗效以及不同临床病理因素与预后的关系.方法 回顾性总结24例胃癌肝转移行肝转移灶手术切除患者的临床资料并对预后进行单因素和多因素分析.结果 全组病例均获得随访,胃癌肝转移外科治疗后1年生存率为67%,3年生存率为21%,5年生存率为13%.单因素分析显示淋巴结转移、脉管瘤栓、R0切除、转移灶大小为重要预后因素;多因素分析显示转移灶大小、脉管瘤栓为独立预后因素.结论 严格适应证的胃癌肝转移手术切除可以改善预后.综合治疗有望进一步提高疗效.     

促肝细胞再生磷酸酶3基因在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨促肝细胞再生磷酸酶3(PRL-3)蛋白与胃癌的侵袭转移及预后的关系。方法采用免疫组化方法检测121例胃癌原发灶和95例淋巴结转移灶中PRL-3的表达,分析其表达水平与临床病理资料的关系及其对胃癌预后的影响。结果PRL-3在胃癌原发灶中表达的阳性率为71.9%,其中伴淋巴结转移原发灶的表达率(77.9%)明显高于无淋巴结转移的原发灶者(50.0%),两者之间差异有统计学意义(P=0.005);淋巴结转移灶中PRL-3的表达率(91.6%)明显高于原发灶(77.9%),两者之间差异有统计学意义(P=0.009)。另外,PRL-3的表达与胃癌的淋巴管侵犯、淋巴结转移程度、TNM分期密切相关,并且与患者的预后呈负相关。结论PRL-3与胃癌的浸润转移密切相关,与患者的预后相关。