绵马贯众石油醚提取物化学成分研究

目的 研究绵马贯众Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai石油醚部位的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱色谱和半自动制备液相色谱等手段进行分离纯化,通过理化性质及光谱分析方法鉴定化合物的结构.结果 从绵马贯众石油醚提取物中分离得到5个化合物,经鉴定分别为胆甾-4-烯-3-醇(1)、海绵甾醇(2)、木栓内酯(3)、β-谷甾醇(4)、西瑞香素(5).结论 化合物1、2、3、5为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

大戟脂中二萜类成分及细胞毒活性研究

[目的]研究大戟脂中二萜类抗肿瘤活性成分。[方法]通过硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱和RP-HPLC等方法,从大戟脂的甲醇提取物中共分离得到5个二萜类化合物,利用各种波谱学手段及理化性质确定化合物的结构。对分离得到的二萜类化合物的生合成途径进行了简单推测,并采用MTT法对分离得到的单体化合物进行细胞毒活性测试。[结果]分离得到的5个二萜类化合物包括3个Ingol烷型二萜、2个巴豆烷型二萜,分别鉴定为:ingol 7,8,12-triacetate-3-(4-methoxy-phenyl)acetate (1)、ingol 7,8,12-triacetate-3-phenylacetate (2)、ingol 3,8,12-triacetate (3)、12-deoxyphorbol-13-isobutyrate-20-acetate (4)、12-deoxyphorbol-13-angelate-20-acetate (5)。[结论]化合物1～3是首次从该植物中分离得到,并对C6细胞株有较强的细胞毒活性。     

中国南海海绵Ircinia sp.中化学成分的研究

目的:对采自广西涠洲岛海域海绵Ircinia sp.进行化学研究以获得结构新颖的新化合物。方法:运用高速逆流色谱、凝胶渗透色谱、硅胶柱色谱和半制备型高效液相色谱等多种技术分离纯化,再通过氢谱、碳谱和质谱等谱学解析方法鉴定出单体成分的结构。结果:从海绵Ircinia sp.中分离鉴定出5个化合物,分别命名为cholest-7-en-6R-methoxy-3S,5R-diol(1),cholest-7-en-3S,5R,6R-triol(2),cholest-7,22-dien-6R-methoxy-3S,5R-diol(3),鲨肝醇(4)和邻苯二甲酸正丁酯(5)。结论:化合物1～3为首次从该属海绵中分离得到。     

旋覆花中倍半萜二聚体类成分研究

目的研究旋覆花的化学成分.方法通过各种柱色谱方法对旋覆花进行成分分离,用波谱法鉴定其成分的结构.结果从旋覆花的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到5个倍半萜二聚体类化合物,分别鉴定为:japonicone A(1),japonicone B(2),japonicone C(3),inulanolide A(4),neojaponicone A(5).结论化合物1,2,3,5为首次从该植物的花中分离得到.     

翻白草中的一个萜类化合物

目的:提取翻白草中的萜类化合物。方法:硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱等多种柱色谱分离,得到单体化合物,用各种有机波谱鉴定化合物结构。结果:分离得到1个化合物。结论:此化合物首次从翻白草中分离得到。     

六种粘细菌095B06次生代谢产物的分离、鉴定及初步生物学活性研究

目的:研究粘细菌的活性次生代谢产物的分离、鉴定及生物学活性.方法:利用稻瘟霉模型筛选活性菌株,对活性菌株Myxococcus xanthus 095B06发酵液的甲醇提取物采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、高效液相色谱等手段进行分离纯化化学成分,通过1HNMR、13CNMR和ESI-MS对化合物进行结构鉴定,利用纸片扩散法和四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法对单体化合物进行生物活性评价.结果和结论:从粘细菌095B06发酵液中分离鉴定了4个大环内酯类化合物、1个甾醇类化合物及1个生物碱类化合物,它们分别为Avermectin A1a(1)、Avermectin A2a(2)、Avermectin B1a(3)、Avermectin B2a(4)、麦角甾-7,22-双烯-3,5,6-三醇(赛勒维甾醇)(5)和4-喹啉羧酸(6).化合物1～5为首次从粘细菌中分离得到,且化合物2和4对肿瘤细胞SMMC-7721具有较强的抑制作用,其IC50均为5 μg/ml.     

长梗瑞香中黄酮类化学成分研究

目的 研究采自云南省元阳县长梗瑞香Daphne pedunculata中的黄酮类化学成分。方法 采用正相、反相硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、半制备液相色谱等色谱方法进行分离纯化,运用核磁共振和质谱等波谱方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从长梗瑞香95%乙醇提取物中分离得到21个黄酮化合物,其中双黄酮化合物12个。分别鉴定为异狼毒素(1)、新狼毒素A(2)、新狼毒素B(3)、荛花醇B(4)、毛瑞香素D2(5)、荛花醇A(6)、genikwanol A(7)、瑞香黄烷B(8)、wikstaiwanone B(9)、wikstaiwanone A(10)、瑞香黄烷G(11)、芹菜素(12)、木犀草素(13)、芫花素(14)、紫云英苷(15)、芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖苷(16)、山柰酚(17)、木犀草苷(18)、刺槐素(19)、瑞香黄烷F(20)、5-甲氧基-芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(21)。结论 从长梗瑞香95%乙醇提取物中分离得到21个黄酮化合物中,除化合物12~14外,其余均为首次从长梗瑞香中分离得到。该研究结果丰富了长梗瑞香植物黄酮的化学多样性,并为其深入研究及利用提供重要的基础和科学依据。     

昆明山海棠中具有免疫抑制活性的二萜化合物

目的研究雷公藤属植物昆明山海棠的免疫抑制活性成分。方法运用各种硅胶柱色谱、凝胶渗透色谱以及制备高效液相色谱等手段对昆明山海棠氯仿提取物进行分离纯化,以各种有机波谱法鉴定化学单体结构,并通过体外淋巴细胞转化实验进行化学成分的免疫抑制活性研究。结果从中分离鉴定出6个二萜类化合物,分别为雷酚萜酸(triptobenzene H,Ⅰ)、雷藤二萜醌A(triptoquinone A,Ⅱ)、雷藤二萜醌B(triptoquinone B,Ⅲ)、雷藤二萜醌H(triptoquinone H,Ⅳ)、雷酚萜醇(triptonediol,Ⅴ)、雷酚萜(triptonoterpene,Ⅵ)。结论化合物Ⅰ~Ⅲ为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅰ~Ⅵ均具有较强的免疫抑制活性。     

落花生枝叶正丁醇部位的化学成分研究

目的 研究落花生枝叶的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、反相硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法分离纯化,根据化合物的波谱数据鉴定结构。结果 从落花生枝叶水提取物中分离鉴定了17个化合物,本实验主要研究从正丁醇萃取部分分离得到的4个降倍半萜类化合物：落花生苷A(arachiside A,Ⅰ)、狗筋蔓内酯(cucubalactone,Ⅱ)、长春花苷(roseoside,Ⅲ)、柑橘苷A(citroside A,Ⅳ)。结论 化合物Ⅰ为新的化合物,命名为落花生苷A(arachiside A),化合物Ⅱ～Ⅳ为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

滇姜花中倍半萜成分的研究

目的:研究滇姜花(Hedychium yunnanense Gangep.)的萜类成分。方法:采用柱色谱法,从滇姜花根茎中分离倍半萜成分,根据化合物的光谱数据鉴定结构。结果:从滇姜花根茎中分离得到6个化合物,分别鉴定为:γ-cadinene(1),δ-cadinene(2),α-muurolene(3),epicubenol(4),橙花叔醇(5),oplo-panone(6)。结论:所有6个化合物均为首次从该植物分离得到。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.