Sonographic appearance of lipoma of the inferior vena cava.

Lipomas of the major central veins are rare, and their sonographic features have rarely been reported. We report a case in which a lipoma of the inferior vena cava (IVC) was incidentally identified during liver sonography in a 68-year-old man. Sonography of the upper abdomen revealed coarsening of the liver echotexture, with a relatively small liver and atrophy of the right hepatic lobe. A 2-cm hypoechoic hepatic nodule was visualized in segment IV. Sonography also showed a 2.2- x 1.8-cm, highly echogenic, homogeneous nodule in the hepatic segment of the IVC at its junction with the right atrium. The lumen of the IVC was partially occluded. The CT and MRI appearances of the IVC lesion were consistent with a lipoma, which was not treated because there was no clinical evidence of obstruction. Histopathologic analysis following a sonographically guided biopsy of the liver nodule revealed hepatocellular carcinoma, which was treated by percutaneous ethanol injection.     

CT appearance of transposition of the inferior vena cava

Four cases of transposition of the inferior vena cava were recently examined by computed tomography (CT). The CT appearance of this entity is discussed. Knowledge of such an anomaly can prevent misinterpretation and surgical complications.     

Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava presenting as a cardiac mass

Primary tumors of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are rare. The most common primary malignancy is leiomyosarcoma (LMS), with a severe prognosis. Right‐atrium (RA) involvement is seen in about 20 percent of cases. We report the case of a 53‐year‐old woman admitted to the intensive care unit because of progressive dyspnea with lower limb edema. Echocardiography demonstrated a large mass in the RA. At open‐heart surgery, the tumor appeared located in the IVC infrahepatic segment, completely obstructing the lumen and extending into the suprahepatic portion and the RA. Histopathological examination concluded to LMS.     

CT appearance of calcified tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava

We report the unusual occurrence of calcined tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava (IVC) in a patient with renal cell carcinoma diagnosed by computed tomography (CT).     

Interrupted inferior vena cava and left-sided subrenal inferior vena cava: prenatal diagnosis.

An interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) and a left-sided subrenal (postrenal) IVC with azygos or hemiazygos continuation are very rare anomalies of the IVC. The prenatal sonographic and color Doppler features of these anomalies are reported here.     

Ultrasonographic demonstration of inferior vena caval invasion.

Whenever a liver neoplasm is seen ultrasonographically, an effort should be made to visualize the veins within the liver as well as the inferior vena cava for tumor extension. Valuable information can be obtained by the demonstration of this finding which may radically alter the further work-up and treatment of the patient.     

Leiomyosarcoma of the infrarenal portion of the inferior vena cava in a cirrhotic patient with hepatitis C

Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava is a rare primary tumor. We present a case of a 65-year-old man with the history of cirrhosis and non-specific symptoms. The patient underwent computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging that revealed a leiomyosarcoma of the infrarenal portion of inferior vena cava. Clinical and imaging features, as well as the surgical technique of resection are discussed.     

Bullet migration within the inferior vena cava

We report the case of a patient who sustained gunshot wounds to the chest. The bullet lodged and moved freely within the inferior vena cava and its branches, but the patient had no symptoms. The bullet was retrieved from the right common femoral vein with a basket. Selective approach to bullet removal can prevent serious complications.     

多层螺旋CT在下腔静脉病变中的诊断价值

目的评价多层螺旋CT(MSCT)在下腔静脉病变中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析38例下腔静脉病变的临床及影像学资料,分析下腔静脉病变的多层螺旋CT表现,并与手术、DSA及临床随访资料进行对照分析。结果38例中,下腔静脉先天性异常6例,下腔静脉狭窄和闭塞或布加综合征4例,下腔静脉栓塞性病变8例,下腔静脉肿瘤2例,肝癌11例,其他7例。MSCT能很好地显示上述下腔静脉病变。38例病人5例进行血管造影检查,25例因下腔静脉病变或其他原因进行了手术切除或探查,2例血栓在溶栓治疗后复查时下腔静脉内血栓消失。MSCT显示的下腔静脉病变与手术或DSA基本一致。结论MSCT在诊断下腔静脉病变中有重要价值。     

Sonographic appearance of an advanced invasive mole and associated metastatic thrombus in the inferior vena cava

We present a case of an advanced invasive mole with a metastatic thrombus in the inferior vena cava in which sonography clearly showed vesicles in the myometrium, ovaries, and metastatic thrombus leading to a diagnosis of invasive mole rather than choriocarcinoma. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2013.