辛伐他汀对不稳定型心绞痛患者血管内皮功能的影响

目的 :观察辛伐他汀对不稳定型心绞痛 (UA)患者血管内皮依赖性血管舒张功能 (FMD)的影响。方法 :4 2例UA患者随机分为常规治疗组和辛伐他汀治疗组 ,治疗 8周前后 ,采静脉血用酶法测定甘油三酯和胆固醇的浓度 ;采用高分辨率血管外超声法检测治疗前后肱动脉FMD和内皮非依赖性舒张功能 (NMD)。结果 :辛伐他汀治疗 8周后肱动脉FMD(6 .14± 0 .4 5 ) %较治疗前 (2 .4 5± 0 .2 1) %及常规治疗组 (2 .5 0± 0 .36 ) %均显著改善 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而肱动脉NMD差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :辛伐他汀具有改善UA患者血管FMD的作用     

普伐他汀对Ⅱ型糖尿病并发冠心病患者肱动脉内皮舒张功能的影响

目的:探讨普伐他汀对Ⅱ型糖尿病并发冠心病患者肱动脉内皮舒张功能的影响。方法:45例Ⅱ型糖尿病并发冠心病患者随机分为常规治疗组和普伐他汀治疗组,治疗4周前后均抽静脉血测定血脂,采用高分辨超声法检测治疗前后肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能（FMD）和非内皮依赖性舒张功能（NMD）。结果:普伐他汀治疗4周后肱动脉FMD（6.32±0.35）%较治疗前（2.50±0.21）%显著改善（P<0.05）,而肱动脉NMD无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论:短期口服普伐他汀（40 mg/d）对Ⅱ型糖尿病并发冠心病患者受损的血管内皮功能有改善作用。     

铁蛋白、氧化低密度脂蛋白与2型糖尿病内皮依赖性血管舒张功能的关系

目的探索血清铁蛋白（SF）、氧化低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）与2型糖尿病（T2DM）早期血管内皮舒张功能的关系。方法选择50例无大血管并发症的T2DM患者（DM组）,34例年龄、性别相匹配健康个体作为对照（Nc）组。高分辨血管外超声法检测肱动脉血流介导的内皮依赖性血管舒张功能（FMD）和硝酸甘油介导的内皮非依赖性血管舒张功能（NMD）,检测ox-LDL、SF。结果与NC组比较,DM组SF、ox-LDL明显升高（P〈O．01）,而FMD、NMD明显下降（P〈0．01）。分别以FMD、NMD为因变量进行多元线性回归分析,提示SF、ox-LDL与FMD明显相关（P〈0．05）,而与NMD无明显相关（P〉0．05）。结论SF、ox-LDL在2型糖尿病早期可能参与了血管内皮依赖性舒张功能受损。     

普伐他汀降脂治疗对血管内皮舒张功能的影响

目的　研究普伐他汀对冠心病高胆固醇血症患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能的影响。方法　采用高分辨超声技术 ,对 70例冠心病高胆固醇血症患者降脂前后和 70例对照者的血管内皮依赖性舒张功能进行检测。结果　高胆固醇血症组肱动脉血流介导性舒张较正常组明显减弱(P <0 0 0 1 ) ,而二组对硝酸甘油的反应无显著性差异 (P =0 49)。 70例冠心病高胆固醇血症患者服用普伐他汀 1 0mg治疗 (3 8± 0 8)月后 ,血浆总胆固醇从 (6 31± 0 70 )mmol/L降至 (5 0 6± 0 63)mmol/L ,同时肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张较治疗前明显改善 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ,而治疗前后肱动脉对硝酸甘油的反应无显著性改变。结论　冠心病高胆固醇血症患者存在血管内皮依赖性舒张功能障碍 ,经普伐他汀降胆固醇治疗后 ,受损的血管内皮依赖性舒张功能得到明显改善     

坚持或不坚持长期应用氨氯地平和培哚普利对肱动脉结构和功能的不同影响

目的　探讨长期联合应用氨氯地平和培哚普利对肱动脉结构和功能的影响。方法　对6 7名血压≥ 16 0 / 10 0mmHg的老年高血压患者给予氨氯地平 培哚普利治疗并随访 (3.2± 0 4 )年 ,分别在治疗前及治疗后第 1、3年用高分辨超声技术检测对象的肱动脉内中膜厚度 (IMT)、内径 (r) ,IMT/r比值、内皮依赖舒张功能 (FMD)和肱动脉横断面顺应性 (CSC)。根据随访结果将患者分为规律服药组 (A组 ,n =31)和不规律服药组 (B组 ,n =36 ) ,另设同期体检的老年人为正常对照组 (C组 ,n =33)。结果　入选时与C组比较 ,A、B组IMT增厚、FMD和CSC减退 (IMT :0 5 5± 0 12 ,0 5 5±0 10vs 0 4± 0 0 4 )mm ,FMD :6 4 %± 1 7% ,6 5 %± 1 6 %vs 10 4 %± 2 2 % ;CSC :(11 89±4 93,11 94± 5 0 7vs 2 6 5 5± 3 4 4 ) 10 -3 mm2 ·mmHg-1,P <0 0 1)。A组治疗后第 3年IMT和FMD与基线及B组比较均有显著改善IMT :(0 39± 0 0 6 ,vs 0 5 5± 0 12and 0 5 4± 0 11)mm ,FMD :16 9%± 3 6 %vs 6 4 %± 1 7%and 9 0 %± 1 2 % ,allP <0 0 1。结论　长期联合应用氨氯地平和培哚普利能够逆转高血压患者肱动脉的结构和功能异常 ,规律服药十分重要。     

原发性高血压患者合并代谢综合征加重血管内皮功能损害

目的 观察代谢综合征对原发性高血压患者颈动脉内膜中膜厚度(IMT)、肱动脉的舒张功能和高敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)的影响.方法 EH患者148例根据是否合并MS,分为EH 非MS组(79例)和EH MS组(69例),选择同期健康体检者30例为正常对照(对照组),超声测定颈动脉IMT、肱动脉内皮依赖性血管舒张功能(FMD)和非内皮依赖性血管舒张功能(NMD),激光散射比浊法测定hsCRP.结果 与EH 非MS组患者比较,EH MS组患者的IMT[(1.0±0.3)VS(0.8±0.2)mm,P<0.01]和hsCRP[(0.9±0.4)vs(0.7±0.3)mg/L,P<0.01]显著增高,FMD[(5.5±4.0)%VS(8.9±3.5)%.P<0.05]和NMD[(13.5±4.1)%vs(20.1±3.9)%vs(26.7±3.3)%,P<0.01]显著降低.多元回归分析研究显示,IMT与收缩压、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖和hsCRP相关(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论 EH和MS可损害内皮细胞及动脉的舒张功能,促进颈动脉内膜增厚和动脉硬化的发生发展.     

胰岛素对自发性高血压大鼠离体主动脉的舒张作用及机制

目的 :探讨自发性高血压大鼠 （SHR）的动脉血管对胰岛素 （Ins）反应性的改变及其主要机制。方法 :采用离体血管灌流方法 ,对比观察成年 （15周龄 ）和幼年 （5周龄 ）自发性高血压大鼠以及成年和幼年正常大鼠 （WKY）的胸主动脉环 ,在未加干预或施加干预 （机械法去除血管内皮或用一氧化氮合酶抑制剂处理 ）后对 Ins反应的变化。结果 :Ins（1～ 12 0 U/ L ）对成年和幼年 WKY胸主动脉血管具有舒张作用 ,而对相应年龄 SHR的舒张作用均降低。在12 0 U/ L Ins时 ,成年 SHR和 WKY大鼠的血管收缩率为 :73 %± 4% vs2 9%± 4% ,P<0 .0 1;幼年 SHR和 WKY大鼠的血管收缩率为 :61%± 5% vs 3 2 %± 6% ,P<0 .0 1。去除内皮或用 10μm ol/ L一氧化氮合酶抑制剂处理后 ,Ins对成年和幼年 WKY胸主动脉血管的舒张作用均降低 ,且和相应周龄的 SHR无显著差异。此外 ,成年 SHR动脉环在去除内皮前后对 Ins的反应无显著差异 （73 %± 4% vs82 %± 6% ,P>0 .0 5） ,而幼年 SHR在去除内皮后对Ins的反应显著降低 （61%± 5% vs 78%± 5% ,P<0 .0 5）。结论 :Ins对血管的舒张作用是部分通过内皮和一氧化氮 （NO）介导的。成年 SHR血管内皮细胞功能受损 ,而幼年 SHR内皮功能无明显损害。此外 ,两者可能都存在胰岛素抵抗的状态 ,从而降低了血管对 In     

普罗布考对高脂血症患者血脂及血管内皮舒张功能的影响

目的　评价普罗布考降血脂的同时对高脂血症患者血管内皮舒张功能的影响。方法　采用自身对照和组间对照 ,将 5 2例原发性高脂血症患者分为两组 ,其中普罗布考组 (36例 ) ,服用普罗布考 0 .5 ,Bid;普伐他汀组 (16例 ) ,服用普伐他汀 10 mg,QN,疗程均为 4周。选择血脂正常的 2 0例健康者为空白对照组。采用高分辨率超声技术 ,对治疗前后血管内皮舒张功能进行检测。结果　 1高脂血症患者治疗前肱动脉血流介导的舒张功能 (FMD)明显低于正常对照组 [(4.6± 3.2 ) %比 (12 .8± 3.5 ) % ,P<0 .0 1],而对硝酸甘油的反应 (NMD)正常。 2普罗布考明显降低总胆固醇 (TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (L DL - c)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL - c) ,三酰甘油变化不明显。 3普罗布考使 FMD明显增强 ,NMD无显著性改变。 4普罗布考降 TC及对 FMD的改善作用均不比普伐他汀差 (分别P<0 .0 1和 P<0 .0 5 )。 5 FMD的改善与 TC及 L DL - c无相关性。结论　普罗布考短期治疗即可显著降低血脂 ,并明显改善 FMD,可作为良好的保护内皮功能的药物 ,其改善 FMD的作用与降脂无关     

根治幽门螺杆菌三联疗法对冠心病患者内皮功能的影响

目的：根治探讨幽门螺杆菌（Hp）三联疗法对冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（CHD）患者血管内皮功能的影响。方法纳入2010年10月～2013年2月大庆龙南医院院心内科住院14C尿素呼气试验（14C-UBT）阳性的冠心病患者104例,在常规治疗的基础上,进行根治Hp三联治疗（阿莫西林＋克拉霉素＋兰索拉唑）,疗程为7天,研究期为6个月。研究对象在试验前后检测血脂、血栓素B2（TXB2）和6-酮前列腺素F1α（6-keto-PGF1α）,并通过肱动脉内径变化S1进行内皮依赖性血管舒张功能（FMD）检测。结果治疗后患者的血浆总胆固醇（TC）、TXB2水平比治疗前明显降低[TC：（4.98±1.20） mmol/L vs.（5.43±1.87）mmol/L;TXB2：（240±41）pg/ml vs.（282±66）pg/ml],6-keto-PGF1α、CI明显升高[6-keto-PGF1α：（299±69）pg/ml vs.（217±64）pg/ml;S1：（7.86±0.39）% vs.（4.87±0.26）%）],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论根治Hp三联疗法可改善合并Hp感染的冠心病患者血管内皮功能。     

丹参多酚酸盐对2型糖尿病患者内皮功能的影响

目的 探讨丹参多酚酸盐对T2DM患者内皮功能的影响及临床意义. 方法 80例T2DM患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各40例.对照组采用常规降糖药物治疗;治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用丹参多酚酸盐注射液治疗14 d.分别测定治疗前后患者血中内皮素-1（ET-1）、一氧化氮（NO）和肱动脉血流介导的内皮依赖性血管舒张功能（FMD）.目的 对照组和治疗组ET-1水平均较治疗前降低[（192.7±18.5）vs（178.6±19.30）ng/L,（206.8±17.3）vs（126.7±16.8）ng/L,P＜0.05];血浆NO水平和FMD均明显升高[（53.5±10.6）vs（61.6±12.8）μmol/L,（72.6±12.9）vs（54.6±11.5）μmol/L,P＜0.05;（5.41±1.33）％vs（7.51±1.54）％,（5.37± 1.42）％ vs（9.82±1.76）％,P＜0.05];治疗组ET-1降低、NO升高和FMD改善均较对照组更为明显（P＜0.05）. 结论 丹参多酚酸盐能善T2DM患者内皮功能.     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.     

Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged-red Fibers with Intranuclear Inclusions

We herein report a case of myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers (MERRF) harboring a novel variant in mitochondrial cysteine transfer RNA (MT-TC). A 68-year-old woman presented with progressive myoclonic epilepsy with optic atrophy and peripheral neuropathy. A skin biopsy revealed p62-positive intranuclear inclusions. No mutations were found in the causative genes for diseases known to be related to intranuclear inclusions; however, a novel variant in MT-TC was found. The association between intranuclear inclusions and this newly identified MERRF-associated variant is unclear; however, the rare complication of intranuclear inclusions in a patient with typical MERRF symptoms should be noted for future studies.