国产覆膜支架治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层

目的评价国产主动脉覆膜支架治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者的院内及中期临床疗效。方法应用国产覆膜支架行主动脉腔内隔绝术治疗B型主动脉夹层患者34例,经股动脉置入覆膜支架封堵胸主动脉破裂口,置入Aegis或Hercules国产支架后,造影检查证实疗效。术后平均随访(19±17)个月。结果34例手术均获成功。32例置入1枚支架,2例分别置入主体和短支架各1枚,平均支架直径(33.5±3.5)mm,平均支架长度(96.5±17.6)mm。1例术后2h死于夹层破裂。3例术后存在原发性内漏。2例肾功能不全。出院后随访,2例分别于术后5个月和9个月发生继发性内漏,1例1年时升主动脉再次发现夹层,1例6个月后发生截瘫,2例死亡。结论国产主动脉覆膜支架治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者具有良好的临床疗效。     

主动脉腔内修复术治疗75例DeBakey Ⅲ型主动脉夹层

目的 总结主动脉腔内修复术(EVAR)治疗DeBakey Ⅲ型主动脉夹层适应证的选择、临床疗效以及探讨并发症的防治原则.方法 2002年12月至2007年6月采用TALENT带膜支架施行EVAR治疗75例DeBakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层患者,男65例,女10例,平均年龄54.4±12.6(29～83)岁.1例29岁女性病因考虑为埃-当综合征,2例年青男性分别继发于原发性醛固酮增多症和外伤车祸.全部患者均经螺旋CT或磁共振血管造影检查确诊.全身麻醉下经股动脉置入带膜血管内支架,封堵原发破口,重复造影检查.结果 75例患者共置入81枚带膜支架.其中2例因近端破口接近左锁骨下动脉,先行颈总动脉-锁骨下动脉旁路移植术,再置入支架,支架近段覆盖左锁骨下动脉.25例支架置入后出现明显内漏,20例予球囊扩张,6例置入1枚短支架后内漏消失.支架置入技术成功率为100％.1例埃-当综合征女性患者术中出现股动脉、髂外动脉、髂总动脉广泛血管撕裂,失血性休克,经抢救好转恢复.2例术后早期死于夹层破裂.术后随访1～24个月,2例(包括1例埃-当综合征患者)术后半年发生猝死,1例术后1年复查CT发现支架远端出现破口,经外科手术治疗后恢复良好;其余存活者复查螺旋CT示假腔径缩小并见腔内血栓形成,真腔径增大,无瘤体破裂、内漏及支架移位等并发症发生.结论 EVAR治疗DeBakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层具有技术可靠、创伤小、术后恢复快、成功率高等优点,尤其适用于不能耐受传统开胸手术的老年高危患者.而对于年轻的主动脉夹层患者要注意排除埃-当综合征等遗传性疾病,用EVAR治疗埃-当综合征的血管并发症,目前尚未见报道,其手术并发症及疗效有待进一步观察.     

Provisional extension to induce complete attachment after stent-graft placement in type B aortic dissection: the PETTICOAT concept.

PURPOSE: To report the use of a technique (PETTICOAT: provisional extension to induce complete attachment) to obliterate sustained abdominal false lumen flow and pressurization despite successful stent-graft sealing of the thoracic entry tear in patients with complicated type B aortic dissection. METHODS: Of 100 initial patients subjected to stent-graft repair for complex type B aortic dissection with thoracoabdominal extension, 12 patients (10 men; mean age 58.7 years, range 44-76) demonstrated distal true lumen collapse and a perfused abdominal false lumen despite successful sealing of the proximal tears. As an adjunctive or staged procedure, a scaffolding stent was placed for distal extension of the previously implanted stent-graft. In each case, a Sinus aortic stent, Fortress stent, or a Z-stent system was customized with maximum 2-mm oversizing versus the original stent-graft diameter. Magnetic resonance or computed tomographic angiography was performed at discharge, at 3 months, and then annually to determine false channel thrombosis, true and false lumen dimensions, and re-entry flow. RESULTS: Delivery was successful in all cases (100%). The compressed distal true lumen (mean 4+/-3 mm) was reconstructed to a mean width of 21+/-3 mm, and malperfusion was abolished without any obstruction of the abdominal side branches. At up to 1-year follow-up, there were no signs of expansion or distal progression of the scaffolded dissected aorta. All patients with complete thoracic thrombosis showed evidence of improved aortic remodeling; 1 patient with no false lumen thrombosis died at 11 months from thoracoabdominal aortic rupture. CONCLUSION: The PETTICOAT technique may offer a safe and promising adjunctive endovascular maneuver for patients with distal malapposition of the dissecting membrane and false lumen flow. The technique can both abolish distal true lumen collapse and enhance the remodeling process of the entire dissected aorta.     

腔内隔绝术治疗112例Stanford B型主动脉夹层动脉瘤患者疗效观察

目的评价主动脉夹层腔内隔绝术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层动脉瘤的院内及长期临床疗效。方法选择行主动脉腔内隔绝术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者112例。经股动脉切开置入覆膜支架封堵胸主动脉破裂口,置入后冠状动脉造影检查证实疗效,术后随访平均(39±18)个月。分析其临床特点及疗效。结果手术成功112例,共置入覆膜支架119枚。左锁骨下动脉完全被封闭8例,合并严重狭窄病变的冠心病患者完成PCI 16例,主动脉腔内隔绝术后综合征19例,术后1个月内夹层破裂死亡3例。随访3个月,所有患者内膜破裂口封闭,胸降主动脉和腹主动脉真腔扩大,假腔内血栓形成,支架位置、形态正常。术后明显残余内漏10例,3个月自行封闭。术后6个月,再发升主动脉夹层3例,其中行升主动脉外科手术1例,截瘫1例,胃癌多器官转移死亡1例。术后1年迟发性内漏1例。结论腔内隔绝术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层动脉瘤的院内及长期疗效满意。     

覆膜支架腔内治疗急性胸主动脉综合征

目的 评价覆膜支架腔内治疗急性胸主动脉综合征的有效性和安全性。方法 2001年5月至2005年12月应用覆膜支架治疗57例急性胸主动脉综合征患者,其中急性主动脉B型夹层45例,穿透性粥样硬化性溃疡（PAU）或假性动脉瘤9例,创伤性胸主动脉瘤3例。建立数据库,分析其临床特点、疗效及随访结果。结果 57例患者覆膜支架置入技术成功率100％。5例有近端内漏,1例术中出现升主动脉夹层,未予特殊处理,随访结果良好;1例术后7天出现升主动脉夹层并发心包填塞死亡。5例PAU或主动脉夹层合并冠心病患者,在应用覆膜支架成功完全封闭破口后立即行冠状动脉介入治疗成功。1例出现术后一过性双下肢无力,经静脉滴注山莨菪碱和甘露醇2天后痊愈。1例支架覆盖左锁骨下动脉开口导致左椎动脉缺血,嗜睡2天后自行好转。术后重症监护病房时间1～8（平均3．5）天,术后平均住院10天。术后30天内死亡2例,1例死于升主动脉夹层破裂,1例死于急性肾衰竭。术后30天内死亡率3．5％。术后平均随访（25．3±13．1）（13—55）个月。1例于术后3个月死于大咯血,1例死因不明。1例因近端内漏行二次腔内修复术。5例患者因降主动脉覆膜支架远端再发现破口,行二次腔内修复术。术后截瘫发生率为0,无支架移位、狭窄等并发症。术后住院及随访期内总死亡率为7．0％。与传统手术相比,腔内治疗急性胸主动脉综合征具有创伤小、严重并发症少、住院时间较短的优势。结论 覆膜支架是治疗急性胸主动脉综合征优良且有效的方法,也可用于外科手术高风险患者,近中期随访结果良好,远期结果有待于进一步随访。     

单中心主动脉腔内隔绝术治疗胸降主动脉扩张性疾病的疗效评价

目的 评价主动脉腔内隔绝术治疗胸降主动脉扩张性疾病的近期和远期疗效及安全性.方法 选择沈阳军区总医院2002年4月至2013年10月行主动脉腔内隔绝术治疗胸降主动脉扩张性疾病的患者449例,其中男349例,女100例,年龄（54.3±11.9）岁.经股动脉切开植入覆膜支架封堵胸降主动脉夹层破口或隔绝胸主动脉瘤,主动脉造影确认疗效;合并严重冠状动脉狭窄的患者,于腔内隔绝术后3-7 d完成经皮冠状动脉介入（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）治疗.观察主动脉疾病患者PCI治疗的疗效.结果 主动脉腔内隔绝术操作成功率为100％,共植入416枚主体覆膜支架及56枚短体覆膜支架.43例患者完全封闭左锁骨下动脉开口,仅1例患者出现严重窃血综合征,行血管旁路移植术.34例患者行PCI治疗成功率为100％,对37支靶血管共植入45枚冠状动脉支架,无出血、心肌梗死等并发症.68例患者出现腔内隔绝术后综合征,76例患者术后有残余漏,其中11例因内漏明显同台或再次行手术治疗.住院期间主动脉破裂病死率为1.3％（6/449）.术后随访（68±29）个月,随访率为79.0％（350/443）.随访期间共死亡患者23例（6.6％）：明确主动脉血管破裂死亡4例,急性心肌梗死1例,脑出血4例,肾功衰竭死亡3例,多器官功能衰竭2例,恶性肿瘤4例,猝死5例（原因不明）.25例联合PCI治疗患者临床造影随访主要心血管事件发生率为8.0％（2/25）.结论 主动脉腔内隔绝术治疗胸降主动脉扩张性疾病近期及长期疗效好,并发症发生率低.合并冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者择期二次行PCI治疗安全可行,主要心血管事件发生率低.     

Comparison of a percutaneous separate stent endograft and a conventional thoracic stent-graft for endovascular repair of type B aortic dissection.

PURPOSE: To compare the immediate and midterm outcomes of aortic dissection repair with a separate stent endograft (SSE) versus a conventionally constructed thoracic stent-graft. METHODS: The records of 35 patients treated for type B aortic dissection from September 1997 to April 2003 were reviewed. Seventeen patients (12 men; mean age 58.8+/-11.6 years) underwent endovascular repair with a separate stent endograft (SSE), a custom-made device with a reduced profile suitable for percutaneous introduction through a 12-F sheath. Eighteen patients (10 men; mean age 56.1+/-12.8 years) underwent treatment with a conventional custom-made stent-graft. RESULTS: Angiographic success was achieved in 13/17 (76.5%) of the SSE-treated patients and 12/18 (66.7%) for the conventional device group (p=0.521). Clinical success (complete obliteration/thrombosis of the false lumen) was achieved in 12/17 (70.6%) and 11/18 (61.1%), respectively (p=0.555). There were 2 cases of stent-graft movement during deployment and 2 access site complications in the conventional stent-graft group, whereas the SSE patients had no complications. Except for 2 conventional stent-graft patients who were lost to follow-up, all patients are alive at a mean 19.5+/-11.6 months for the SSE group and 34.2+/-21.5 months for the conventional stent-graft patients. CONCLUSIONS: The separate stent endograft can be deployed percutaneously without the need for blood pressure reduction, achieving accurate deployment without migration. In this small clinical experience, patients treated with the SSE had no access site complications and demonstrated midterm results comparable to the conventional stent-graft cohort, suggesting the possible usefulness of this device for the treatment of thoracic aortic dissection.     

Stenting of a left main coronary artery dissection and stent-graft implantation for acute type a aortic dissection.

PURPOSE: To report successful endovascular repair of Stanford type A acute aortic dissection associated with a proximally extended dissection of the left main coronary artery. CASE REPORT: A 71-year-old man presented with acute type A aortic dissection. One day after admission, dissection of the left main coronary artery accompanied by severe myocardial ischemia prompted Palmaz stent placement. Three days later, a customized stent-graft was placed across the entry site of the dissection in the descending aorta. The false lumen in the ascending aorta, transverse arch, and the descending thoracic aorta thrombosed, and the left coronary artery remained patent. At 14 months after the procedures, the patient is doing well and has had no cardiac event. CONCLUSIONS: This staged procedure may be one option for the management of acute type A aortic dissection complicated by coronary artery dissection.     

Endovascular stent-graft repair of aortic dissection

Between October 2000 and January 2002, 9 consecutive male patients with subacute or chronic aortic dissection underwent stent-graft placement. The indication for surgery was continuous pain or aneurysm development. One patient had a type A dissecting aortic aneurysm with a primary tear in the ascending thoracic aorta; the other 8 had type B dissection. Placement of an endovascular stent-graft was technically successful in 8 patients, and one underwent an open procedure for abdominal aortic fenestration. The entry site was sealed and the false lumen disappeared in 8 cases, and thrombosis of the false lumen was obtained. Rupture of an iliac artery dissecting aneurysm occurred in one patient 2 days after stent-graft placement; abdominal aortic fenestration with prosthetic replacement of the distal abdominal aorta was performed. One patient died of myocardial infarction 3 days after the stent-graft procedure. During a mean follow-up period of 7 months (1-16 months), one patient died of acute myocardial infarction at 11 months. It was concluded on the basis of these short-term results that endovascular repair of aortic dissection is a promising treatment, and abdominal aortic fenestration is a useful adjuvant procedure.     

合并结缔组织病的冠心病患者冠状动脉病变特点及冠状动脉介入治疗术预后分析

目的探讨合并结缔组织病(CTD)的冠状动脉性心脏病(CAD)患者的冠状动脉病变特点,以及接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)的长期预后。方法收集106例自2009年1月至2012年12月在北京友谊医院接受PCI治疗CTD患者的临床资料,回顾性分析CTD患者的临床表现和冠状动脉病变特点等,并对CTD患者进行长期随访。结果 106例患者中有92例(86.8%)具有≥1个传统冠心病危险因素。78例(73.6%)的患者冠状动脉为多支血管病变,以前降支受累为主(65.1%)。共植入5枚金属裸支架和202枚药物涂层支架。对CTD患者进行了平均时间长达3年的随访,期间共发生主要不良心血管事件(MACE)24例(22.6%),其中心源性死亡13例(12.3%)、支架内血栓形成(ST)10例(9.4%)、靶血管再次血运重建(TVR)15例(14.2%)。结论合并CTD的CAD患者冠状动脉病变以多支病变为主。此类患者接受PCI术后不良事件以ST及TVR多见。     

Distal Aortic Malperfusion Exacerbated by Antegrade Stent-Graft Placement During Hybrid Repair of Acute DeBakey Type I Aortic Dissection

We present the case of an acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection with malperfusion. The patient underwent valve resuspension, ascending aortic and partial arch replacement, debranching of the innominate artery, and placement of a small-diameter stent within the left common carotid artery, after which antegrade deployment of a stent-graft into the proximal descending thoracic aorta was performed to expand the true lumen. Distal malperfusion was exacerbated by the stent-graft''s traversal into the false lumen, necessitating further endovascular repair to reestablish flow to the distal aorta. Mitigation before stent-graft placement (for example, inserting a wire within the true lumen under fluoroscopic guidance to ensure stent-graft placement in the true lumen) and prompt corrective procedures are paramount, given the grim consequences of prolonged distal ischemia.     

腔内隔绝术治疗主动脉瘤23例疗效观察

目的：探讨腔内隔绝术治疗主动脉瘤的疗效。方法回顾性分析23例经腔内隔绝术治疗主动脉瘤患者的一般临床资料、手术情况、手术结果和术后随访情况。结果23例患者均手术成功,术后造影见主动脉瘤体（或夹层假腔）消失,支架无移位,无发生截瘫;1例术后18h突发脑血管意外抢救无效死亡,总治愈率为95．7％（22／23）。术后并发症主要为内漏,其中Ⅰ型内漏3例,Ⅱ型内漏2例,发生率为21．7％（5／23）,急性肾功能不全4例（17．4％）;脑卒中1例,发生率为4．3％（1／23）。随访4个月-60个月,2例失访。随访期间死亡2例,死亡原因1例为恶性肿瘤转移,另1例为复发性降主动脉夹层破裂大出血：随访期经复查,5例早期并发内漏者内漏消失,假腔血栓形成。结论腔内隔绝术治疗主动脉瘤安全而且有效。     

胸降主动脉夹层合并冠心病联合介入治疗的远期疗效

目的评价胸降主动脉夹层合并冠心病的患者行主动脉腔内隔绝术联合经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的远期疗效。方法收集2002年4月至2013年10月完成的40例主动脉腔内隔绝术联合PCI治疗胸降主动脉夹层合并冠心病患者,首先完成主动脉腔内隔绝术,3-7 d后完成PCI,观察远期疗效。结果经桡动脉行主动脉造影：共置入40枚覆膜支架,手术成功率100%。无截瘫、死亡等并发症发生。40例患者行PCI成功率为100%,对54支靶血管共置入59枚支架,无PCI相关严重并发症发生。随访37例（92.5%）,失访3例,平均随访（56±31）个月。随访期间有3例（8.1%）死亡,其中脑出血2例,恶性肿瘤1例。2例（6.9%）主动脉腔内隔绝术联合PCI的患者随访期发生主要不良心脏事件。结论主动脉腔内隔绝术联合PCI治疗胸降主动脉夹层合并冠心病安全可行,手术成功率高,主要不良心脏事件发生率较低,远期疗效好。     

Stent Thrombosis: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends

Coronary stents are now implanted in more than 70% of percutaneous coronary revascularization procedures. Early enthusiasm for improved acute angiographic results and limited restenosis was dampened initially by a high rate of stent thrombosis and later by the increased bleeding complications of aggressive and complex anticoagulation protocols designed to lower the stent thrombosis risk. More recently, routine high-pressure deployment strategies and anti-platelet drug regimens have lowered the incidence of stent thrombosis to approximately 1% without an increased bleeding risk. The timing of stent thrombosis has also changed from a median of 4–5 days to a median of 1 day after the stent procedure. Risk factors in earlier studies included stenting for threatened or abrupt closure, smaller vessels, longer lesions, and possibly left anterior descending artery lesion location. Modern studies have shown a slightly increased risk for multiple stent use, residual dissection, and smaller final lumen. Optimal therapy for stent thrombosis includes emergent revascularization and anti-thrombotic treatment, although the clinical consequences remain dire despite successful reperfusion. The use of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, especially in high-risk situations may further reduce the incidence of stent thrombosis.     

腔内隔绝术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层210例分析

目的评价腔内隔绝术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层的疗效和安全性。方法收集2002年4月至2010年10月于沈阳军区总医院行主动脉腔内隔绝术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层210例资料,年龄(53.4±11.1)岁。经股动脉切开置入覆膜支架封堵胸主动脉破裂口,置入后造影检查证实疗效;合并严重冠状动脉狭窄者于腔内隔绝术后3～7 d完成经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)。观察介入治疗的疗效。结果腔内隔绝术成功率100%,共置入208枚主体覆膜支架及13枚cuff支架。20例患者完全封闭左锁骨下动脉开口,无左上肢及脑供血不足症状。26例患者行PCI成功率100%,对32支靶血管共置入36枚冠状动脉支架,无出血、心肌梗死等并发症。患者术后平均随访(60±35)个月,随访率96.6%(201/208)。33例出现腔内隔绝术后综合征,13例术后有残余内漏,其中8例残余内漏于术后3个月自行封闭。术后半年,3例再发升主动脉夹层,1例发生截瘫。术后1年,1例发生迟发性内漏。行PCI患者无主要心脏不良事件发生。本组共死亡6例,其中与腔内隔绝术有关死亡4例,分别发生在术后1 h、术后5 d、出院后2 d、15 d,与腔内隔绝术无关死亡2例,分别问胃癌晚期和肺心病。结论腔内隔绝术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层近期及长期疗效好、并发症低。合并冠心病患者择期二次行PCI安全可行。     

Midterm results of aortic diameter outcomes after thoracic stent-graft implantation for aortic dissection: a multicenter study.

PURPOSE: To evaluate aortic diameter outcomes after stent-graft implantation for aortic dissection in the descending thoracic aorta. METHODS: Fifty patients with type A dissection after ascending aortic surgery (n = 10), type B dissection (n = 34), or intramural hematoma (n = 6) underwent stent-graft repair in 3 centers. Thrombosis and aortic diameter were analyzed by computed tomographic angiography at different levels of the aorta before stent-graft implantation, at discharge, and at follow-up. Measurements were standardized. RESULTS: In all, 67 stent-grafts were implanted for acute (n = 18) and chronic (n = 32) dissection. Stent-graft placement was successfully performed with high technical success (100%) despite 4 major complications (iliac thrombosis in 2 cases, aortic rupture, and a type A dissection) in 3 (6%) patients. Complete thrombosis of the thoracic false lumen was observed in 42% and 63% of cases at discharge and at follow-up (mean 15 months), respectively. At follow-up, the diameters of the entire aorta (mean 5 mm, p < 0.05) and the false lumen (mean 11 mm, p < 0.0001) decreased. Diameters of the abdominal aorta remained stable in association with persistent false lumen perfusion at this level. Aortic diameter results were better in the subgroup of patients with intramural hematoma compared to patients with Marfan syndrome. Three early deaths unrelated to the stent-graft procedure occurred; 2 patients with partial thrombosis of the false lumen died in follow-up secondary to aortic diameter growth. CONCLUSION: Complete thrombosis of the false lumen by stent-graft coverage of the entry tear results in decreased diameter of the entire aorta. In patients with partial thrombosis of the false lumen, the aneurysm continues to enlarge.     

Anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic approaches in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Over the past three decades, there has been a tremendous increase in the use of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) for the treatment of patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. However, PCI causes disruption of atherosclerotic plaque and denudation of the endothelium, leading to stimulation of platelet aggregation and activation of the coagulation cascade. Therefore, anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic agents have a pivotal role as adjuncts before, during and after PCI, in order to minimize the risk of procedural ischemic complications, such as myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, and various degrees of myonecrosis. The current article presents a comprehensive review of the evolution of current anti-platelet and anticoagulation regimens used in the setting of PCI. It starts with a summary of the current perspective of the coagulation process along with platelet activation and aggregation. The review then focuses specifically on individual anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic drugs including their mechanism of action and the scientific evidence which led to their use in PCI. Finally, we present summary recommendations from the AHA/ACC guidelines for individual anticoagulant and anti-platelet regimens given peri-PCI.     

DeBakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层21例的临床诊治

目的 探讨主动脉腔内隔绝术（endovascular aortic repair,EVAR）治疗DeBakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层的技术方法及疗效.方法 对近3年江西省人民医收治的21例DeBakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.19例患者均行左锁骨下动脉穿刺,行升主动脉造影,了解主动脉真假腔、夹层裂口及其与重要血管分支的位置关系.切开右侧股动脉置入覆膜血管内支架,封堵原发破口,置入支架后重复造影检查以观察真假腔血流变化、主动脉分支供血的情况.结果 19例患者支架置入定位准确,术后即刻造影显示真腔血流恢复正常.手术成功率100％,无截瘫及瘤体破裂等严重并发症,无围术期死亡.所有患者术后3～6个月复查增强计算机断层扫描,假腔不再显影,支架通畅,无扭曲、移位.结论 EVAR治疗DeBakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层是安全有效的,但远期效果有待进一步观察.     

合并主动脉夹层的冠心病患者联合冠状动脉介入治疗的临床分析

目的评价合并主动脉夹层的冠心病患者联合进行覆膜支架及冠状动脉介入治疗的安全性和有效性。方法选择合并主动脉夹层的冠心病患者共12例,已行外科治疗Ⅰ型主动脉夹层1例,大血管CT血管成像明确诊断Ⅲ型主动脉夹层和壁间血肿11例,冠状动脉造影并置入支架,住院观察,并行院外随访。结果 1例Ⅰ型主动脉夹层患者大血管CT血管成像可见覆膜支架、人工血管形态正常,冠状动脉造影显示,3支血管病变,共置入支架3枚;另11例Ⅲ型主动脉夹层和壁间血肿患者行大动脉覆膜支架治疗,大动脉造影显示,破口封闭,冠状动脉造影显示,16支血管病变,共置入支架18枚。其中1例术后仍有胸背部疼痛,大血管CT血管成像显示,主动脉弓降部可见残存破口,真腔明显受压,再次置入微创覆膜支架后症状缓解出院,住院及随访期间无胸痛再发、死亡、肾功能恶化、偏瘫等。结论对同时合并主动脉夹层的冠心病患者进行联合介入治疗安全性好,术后恢复快。     

主动脉夹层合并冠心病联合介入26例疗效评价

目的评价冠心病合并Stanford B型主动脉夹层的患者行冠脉介入治疗(PCI)和覆膜支架联合介入治疗的疗效和安全性。方法收集2002年4月至2010年10月沈阳军区总医院完成的26例覆膜支架联合PCI治疗Stan-ford B型主动脉夹层合并冠心病患者,首先完成主动脉夹层覆膜支架置入术,3～7 d后完成PCI。观察近期及远期疗效。结果经桡动脉行主动脉造影:其中1例2个破口,夹层破口位于左锁骨下动脉外缘分别为15 mm和100 mm;其余25例均为单破口,夹层破口位于左锁骨下动脉外缘10 mm以下8例、10～30 mm 11例,>30～100 mm 6例。置入26枚支架,8例覆膜支架近心端部分或完全封闭左锁骨下动脉,术后左上肢桡动脉波动稍有减弱,但无上肢和脑缺血的症状。覆膜支架置入成功率100%。术后即刻造影:16例近端破口完全封堵,13例少量残余内漏。冠状动脉造影证实单支病变16例,2支病变8例,3支病变2例。靶病变平均狭窄(85.6±15.0)%,靶血管参考直径(2.8±0.3)mm。对32支靶血管共置入36枚支架。支架平均长度(25.5±13.6)mm。PCI即刻成功率100%,无PCI相关严重并发症发生。随访期12～114个月[平均(60±35)个月],26例均存活,无迟发内漏或需二次手术者及不良心脏事件发生。结论覆膜支架联合PCI治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层合并冠心病安全可行,手术成功率高,术后患者恢复快,冠脉PCI的抗凝治疗未对大动脉覆膜支架术后构成不良影响,近、远期疗效可靠。