Post-surgical hallux varus. A case report

Sometimes a hallux varus occurs as a consequence of the treatment for a hallux valgus, determined by an alteration of the balance between the muscolo-ligamentous structure which crosses the first metatarso-phalangeal joint. This complication is poorly tolerated by patients. Various operations have been proposed to correct the varus, which includes the bone and the soft tissue. A clinical case has been presented which uses a split extensor hallucis longus transfer, distally sectioned and made to pass under the deep transverse intermetatarsal ligament, used as a pulley, and through a tunnel made in the bone at the proximal-lateral base of the proximal phalanx, and then tensioned and sutured to its medial side.     

Traumatic hallux varus repair utilizing a soft-tissue anchor: a case report.

Hallux varus is usually iatrogenic in nature; however, congenital and acquired etiologies have been described in the literature. The authors present a case of traumatic hallux varus secondary to rupture of the adductor tendon. Surgical correction was performed using a soft tissue anchor for maintenance of the soft tissues utilized for repair.     

Extensor hallucis longus transfer for hallux varus deformity

The hallux varus deformity results from a dynamic imbalance of the tendons that cross the first metatarsophalangeal joint. This condition most frequently occurs after McBride-type operative treatment for hallux valgus. A new procedure, developed to correct this imbalance, involves transferring the extensor hallucis longus beneath the first intermetatarsal ligament into the base of the proximal phalanx, along with an arthrodesis of the first interphalangeal joint. This procedure in fifteen affected great toes gave over-all satisfactory correction of the hallux varus deformity.     

Adolescent hallux valgus deformity with bilateral absence of the hallucal sesamoids: a case report

The absence of the hallucal sesamoid is a rare condition. Rarer still is the presentation of adolescent hallux valgus with the absence of both hallucal sesamoid. Seven cases of absence of the tibial sesamoid bone and 3 cases of absence of the fibular sesamoid bone have been found in the literature, and only a single case of bilateral absence of both sesamoid bones with hallux varus has been reported. We would like to present a unique case of bilateral absence of the hallucal sesamoid in an 18-year-old woman with severe adolescent hallux valgus but no other apparent congenital deformity.     

Correction of metatarsus primus varus associated with hallux valgus deformity using the arthrex mini tightrope: a report of 44 cases

Metatarsus primus varus must be addressed during correction of moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity. As an alternative to proximal osteotomy or first tarsometatarsal fusion for hallux valgus correction, this study presents a series of patients treated using the Arthrex Mini TightRope. A total of 36 patients (44 operations) with hallux valgus and metatarsus primus varus underwent correction using the Arthrex Mini TightRope. Assessment included measurement of radiographic parameters, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot outcomes score, and the SF-12. The average hallux valgus angle improved from 32.2° to 15.2° (P < .0001). The average first intermetatarsal angle improved from 14.6° to 8.2° (P < .0001). The average distal metatarsal articular angle improved from 17.0° to 9.6° (P < .0001). The average AOFAS midfoot outcomes scores improved from 45.44 to 84.72 (P < .0001). Postoperative SF-12 physical and mental scores averaged 52.99 and 56.63. Only one patient had recurrence of deformity. Correcting metatarsus primus varus in association with hallux valgus deformity using the Arthrex Mini TightRope should be considered a treatment option. This technique is less invasive and seems capable of maintaining correction while allowing for early weight bearing and avoiding the need for a proximal first metatarsal osteotomy or Lapidus procedure.     

Surgical reconstruction of a congenital foot deformity: hallux varus with brachymetatarsia of the first metatarsal

A literature review of the etiologies and treatments of both hallux varus and brachymetatarsia is presented. An unusual case report of a young girl with bilateral congenital hallux varus and brachymetatarsia of the first metatarsal is then discussed. A detailed account of the surgical correction consisting of autogenous bone grafts from adjacent metatarsals proved to demonstrate excellent biomechanical and cosmetic results.     

微创治疗拇外翻伴小趾内翻畸形的临床观察

目的:探讨小切口微创截骨矫形治疗拇外翻伴小趾内翻畸形的临床效果。方法:自2013年1月至2016年6月,采用微创小切口截骨矫形治疗168例拇外翻伴小趾内翻畸形患者,其中男7例,女161例;年龄22~75(59.3±3.5)岁。术前患者的主要临床症状为拇囊红肿、跖骨周围疼痛,拍摄患足正侧位X线片确诊为拇外翻及小趾内翻畸形。观察并比较手术时间、术后并发症情况,手术前后IMA(第1、2跖骨间角),HVA(拇外翻角),LDA(第5跖骨外翻角),MPA(小趾内翻角),IM4-5(第4、5跖骨间角)以及PASA(近端关节固定角)的变化,术后采用美国足踝外科协会拇趾-跖趾-趾间关节评分系统(AOFAS)进行功能评价。结果:168例患者获得随访,时间6~48(28.6±3.2)个月。术后伤口愈合良好,无感染、窦道形成等并发症发生。拇外翻矫形手术时间为16~28(18.3±2.1)min;小趾内翻矫形手术时间12~26(16.9±1.8)min;IMA、HVA、LDA、MPA以及IMA 4-5分别由术前的(10.1±2.1)°、(32.6±4.2)°、(6.9±2.3)°、(18.5±5.2)°、(15.1±2.9)°矫正到术后的(8.3±2.2)°、(10.9±2.9)°、(2.7±0.4)°、(6.5±1.6)°、(8.9±1.8)°,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。而PASA由术前的(9.1±2.1)°矫正到术后的(8.7±1.9)°,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后AOFAS功能评分由术前的31.6±3.9提高至术后的83.7±5.2,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);其中优147例,良13例,可6例,差2例。结论:微创治疗拇外翻伴小趾内翻畸形的临床效果良好,具有切口小、无缝线、外观美、手术时间短,术后功能恢复好的优点,值得在临床中推广。     

Management of hallux varus

Authors describe the congenital and acquired forms of the rarely occurring hallux varus on the basis of the material of 14 patients, treated in 1951-87 on the Orthopaedic Department of the Semmelweis University Budapest. In 11 cases the deformity was congenital and in the majority bilateral, multiple, together with other foot deformities.     

Acute traumatic hallux valgus deformity in an adolescent that resolved with appropriate splintage: a case report

Injuries to the foot and particularly the great toe are common but surprisingly traumatic hallux valgus deformity is rare. Literature review reveals only one case of such a deformity that developed 6 months after initial injury and required surgical treatment. We report a case of acute hallux valgus following trauma in an adolescent that was treated conservatively using appropriate splintage. Following eight weeks of treatment, the deformity resolved and return to normal activities was possible. Injury to the medial collateral ligament of the hallux metatarsophalangeal joint should be considered in all patients who have sustained trauma to their feet. Early splintage in such an injury may prevent future deformity and need for surgery.     

Three-dimensional printing technology for patient-matched instrument in treatment of cubitus varus deformity: A case report

BACKGROUNDRecently, medical three-dimensional printing technology (3DPT) has demonstrated potential benefits for the treatment of cubitus varus deformity (CVD) by improving accuracy of the osteotomy through the use of an osteotomy guide, with or without a patient-mated plate. Here, we present an interesting CVD case, involving a patient who was treated with corrective biplanar chevron osteotomy using an innovative customized osteotomy guide and a newly designed patient-matched monoblock crosslink plate created with 3DPT.CASE SUMMARYA 32-year-old female presented with a significant CVD from childhood injury. A computer simulation was processed using images from computerized tomography scans of both upper extremities. The biplanar chevron osteotomy was designed to create identical anatomy between the mirror image of the contralateral distal humerus and the osteotomized distal humerus. Next, the customized osteotomy guide and patient-matched monoblock crosslink plate were designed and printed. A simulation osteotomy was created for the real-sized bone model, and the operation was performed using the posterior paratricipital approach with k-wire positioning from the customized osteotomy guide as a predrilled hole for screw fixation to achieve immediate control of the reduction after osteotomy. Our method allowed for successful treatment of the CVD case, significantly improving the patient’s radiographic and clinical outcomes, with satisfactory result.CONCLUSION3DPT-created patient-matched osteotomy guide and instrumentation provides accurate control during CVD correction.     

The modified Ludloff osteotomy for correction of severe metatarsus primus varus with hallux valgus deformity

AIM: The present study investigates the clinical and radiological mid-term results of the modified Ludloff osteotomy, a proximal metatarsal osteotomy for surgical correction of severe metatarsus primus varus with hallux valgus deformity. METHOD: 70 feet in 67 patients from 25 to 78 years (average age 56 years) were included in this prospective study. The patients were evaluated with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) forefoot metatarsophalangeal interphalangeal score, which was used preoperatively and at an average follow-up of 37 +/- 6 months. Weight-bearing foot radiographs were analysed according to AOFAS guidelines and statistical evaluation was made with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS: The average AOFAS score improved significantly (p < 0.0001) from 55.2 +/- 15.2 points preoperatively to 86.6 +/- 15.2 points at follow-up. Preoperatively, all patients complained of pain (20.2 +/- 9.6 points) which had improved significantly (p < 0.0001) at the latest follow-up (37.3 +/- 5.7 points). The average hallux valgus angle (HVA) was 37 +/- 8 degrees preoperatively and improved significantly to 12 +/- 11 degrees at follow-up (p = 0.0001). The intermetatarsal angle (IMA) improved significantly from 18 +/- 2 degrees preoperatively to 8 degrees +/- 4 degrees after 37 +/- 6 months (p = 0.0002). The sesamoid position improved significantly from preoperative to follow-up (p = 0.0003). Radiographic evaluation of the patients indicated that all examined osteotomies had healed after 37 +/- 6 months. CONCLUSION: This prospective investigation at intermediate follow-up using currently available outcome measures suggests that the Ludloff osteotomy is a suitable procedure for the surgical correction of severe metatarsus primus varus (IMA > 15 degrees ) with hallux valgus deformity.     

Evaluation of scarf osteotomy for management of hallux valgus deformity

Hallux valgus is a complex progressive deformity affecting the forefoot. The main pathologic anatomy concerns the first metatarsophalangeal joint, including a varus or medial deviation of the first metatarsal and pronation deformity in the longitudinal axis. The goal of this study was to evaluate a series of consecutive patients over a 2-year period after a scarf osteotomy of the first metatarsal. A scarf osteotomy was performed on 31 consecutive patients with moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity (intermetatarsal angle, 13-22°; hallux valgus angle, 20-44°). Twenty-nine women and 2 men had an average age of 57 years (range, 21-71 years) at the time of surgery. Preoperative and postoperative evaluations included standing anteroposterior and lateral radiographs, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS) score, physical examination, and foot pressure analysis by weight-bearing ink prints. Patients were evaluated radiographically and clinically in the initial postoperative period (≤1 month), intermediate postoperative period (2-6 months), and final follow-up (12-36 months). Twenty-eight feet were available for analysis. Five of the 28 feet had concurrent surgeries on the lesser toes for hammer-toe correction or preoperative metatarsalgia. Paired Student t test on the 28 feet showed a statistically significant improvement (P<.0001) between pre- and postoperative intermetatarsal angle, hallux valgus angle, and AOFAS score. One foot had recurrence of the hallux valgus deformity. Paired analysis of variance of the 27 feet without recurrence showed a statistically significant improvement in the pre- and postoperative parameters (P<.0001). From this subset, the multiple-comparison Student-Newman-Keuis post hoc test showed a statistically significant (P<.0001) preservation of the correction in the intermediate follow-up period to final follow-up at an average 28 months.     

Operative treatment of hallux varus duplex

The double great toe is a very rare deformity of the foot. This paper describes two cases with such a bilateral anomaly. In both cases the accessory toe was found lateral and not as described in literature medial. Surgery was done by excision of the rudimentary lateral great toe and correction of the varus position of the hallux by the use of a rotational skin flap.