Modelo de aprendizaje de cuidados paliativos basado en la teoría de aprendizaje transformacional de cuidados paliativos de los estudiantes de enfermería en Indonesia

IntroductionPalliative care competence is one of the competencies that must be possessed by generalist nurses. For this reason, strategies for developing palliative care learning models need to be carried out to ensure nursing students have palliative care competencies. Therefore, this study was structured to develop a transformation theory-based palliative care learning model that prioritizes the active participation of students to deal with palliative care in future practice.MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional study involving 189 nursing students as participants. The proposed model involves six variables, namely student characteristics, educator characteristics, learning media, palliative care competencies, transformative learning theory (TLT)-based palliative learning, and competency achievement. Data were collected using a questionnaire that was tested using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique.ResultsSEM analysis showed that the R² value of TLT-based palliative care learning was 0.707 or 70.7%. These results indicate that the diversity of TLT-based palliative care learning variables can be explained by the variables of students, educators, palliative competencies, and learning media by 70.7%. Each construct has a value of Q2 > 0, which means the model is satisfactory. The path coefficient value of 0.627 indicates that the characteristics of educators have the most significant contribution to the TLT-based palliative care learning model.ConclusionIt can be concluded that the teaching-learning process based on TLT is a promising strategy to support nursing students to achieve palliative care competence.     

La implantación de la especialidad de Enfermería de Salud Mental en Andalucía desde un enfoque comunitario

Health systems have a responsibility to respond to the new health needs of the population, which are characterized by factors such as aging, chronicity and/or dependency situations and which requires quality and specialized care adapted to different areas where care is provided, care offered by trained and increasingly qualified professionals to improve the health outcomes of the caregivers.In 2016, in Andalusia the regulatory framework by which is created the statutory professional category of nurse/specialists is published, including the specialty of Mental Health Nursing in the Andalusian Health Service.In the field of Mental Health, the development of this normative framework and the definition and occupation of positions, will allow the health system to combine the role of nurse specialist nurses with that of nurses who provide general care, registered nurses, in order to advance in the best response to the health needs of citizens in this area of care. The development of the specialty will be an added value both to improve the health outcomes of people with mental health problems, and to improve the quality of care, efficiency and sustainability of health systems.