超声引导粗针穿刺活检在肺部病变诊断中的应用

目的:采用粗针在超声引导下对肺部病变进行组织学穿刺活检,以获得明确的病理诊断.方法:首先参考CT片来确认病变的大体位置,超声能够清晰显示病变后,选择其穿刺途径.采用美国Bard可调试自动活检枪(18G切割针)取样,对活检样本进行组织学检查.结果:共穿刺209例,一次取材成功205例(98%),4例二次取材成功;组织学确诊198例(94.7 %),并发症9例,其中咯血6例,气胸3例,无严重并发症发生.结论:超声引导对肺部病变行粗针穿刺活检是一种安全、可行的诊断方法,值得推广应用.     

超声引导下纵隔病变穿刺活检临床应用

目的:探讨超声引导下纵隔病变穿刺活检技术及临床应用价值.方法:选用14～18G切割式自动活检穿刺针,在超声引导下对34例纵隔病变需明确诊断者行超声引导下经皮穿刺活检术.结果:34例患者均穿刺成功,成功率100%,35次穿刺取材,32例做出了明确的组织学分型诊断, 组织学确诊阳性率为94.1%(32/34).结论:超声引导下纵隔病变穿刺活检具有定位准确、操作简便、安全性好、并发症少及确诊率高等优点,可作为疑难纵隔病变确诊的首选方法.     

颈部淋巴结在超声弹性引导下细针穿刺与二维超声引导下粗针穿刺的对比研究

目的比较颈部淋巴结在超声弹性引导下细针穿刺与二维超声引导下粗针穿刺的临床价值。方法回顾性分析经病理证实的肺癌伴颈部淋巴结转移的患者180例。试验组和对照组各90例。试验组由超声弹性引导下细针穿刺,对照组由二维超声引导下粗针穿刺,其中45例由16G活检针针吸,45例由18G活检针针吸。观察各组标本的取样成功率和准确率。结果由弹性指导细针穿刺取样成功率均为100%(90/90),由二维超声引导下粗针穿刺的取样成功率均为98.9%(89/90),差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。弹性引导细针穿刺针吸的取样准确率为91.1%(82/90),二维超声引导下粗针穿刺针吸的取样准确率为87.8%(79/90),差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。运用16G活检针取样准确率为86.7%(39/45),18G活检针取样准确率为88.9%(40/45),差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论超声弹性引导下细针穿刺与二维超声引导下粗针穿刺颈部淋巴结均具有较高的取样成功率和准确率。在明确细胞学的结果中,超声弹性引导下细针穿刺的取样准确率高于二维超声引导下粗针穿刺,但在诊断价值中无显著性差异。     

超声引导下经皮穿刺活检对AFP阴性肝脏占位性病变的诊断

目的:探讨超声引导下经皮穿刺活检对AFP阴性肝脏占位性病变的诊断价值.方法:采用18G枪式自动活检针在超声引导下对50例AFP阴性的肝脏占位性病变进行穿刺活检,所取组织进行组织病理学检查.结果:所有患者均成功施行超声引导下经皮肝穿刺活检术,每例取材1～3次,所有组织均符合病理诊断要求且均得到组织病理学诊断,其中原发性肝癌占32%(16/50),转移性肝癌占44%(22/50),良性病变占24%(12/50).除1例患者出现肝脏包膜下少量出血外,其余患者均未出现并发症.结论:超声引导下经皮穿刺活检操作安全、简便、快速,成功率高,并发症少、结果可靠,是AFP阴性肝脏占位性病变定性诊断的首选方法.     

超声造影联合粗针活检在最大径≥3.0cm乳腺恶性病变诊断中应用

目的 探讨超声造影联合粗针活检在最大径≥3.0 cm乳腺恶性病变诊断中的应用价值。方法 选取自2016年9月至2021年7月在北部战区总医院超声诊断科行粗针活检的77例乳腺恶性病变患者为研究对象。所有患者均由病理证实。根据穿刺引导方式将患者分为常规超声引导组(n=41)与超声造影引导组(n=36)。常规超声引导组行超声引导下粗针穿刺活检,超声造影引导组先应用SonoVue造影后再根据灌注区域行粗针穿刺活检。比较两组患者的粗针活检诊断成功率。结果 所有患者均取材满意,未发生严重并发症。64例患者获得明确的组织病理学结果,诊断成功率为83.1%(64/77)。常规超声引导组在较大乳腺病灶粗针活检中的诊断成功率为75.6%(31/41),低于超声造影引导组的91.7%(33/36),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 超声造影可对乳腺病灶内的血供情况更好地评估,判断病灶内部活性区域,提高最大径≥3.0 cm乳腺恶性病变粗针活检诊断成功率,因此在粗针穿刺活检中有较高的应用价值。     

超声引导粗针活检在诊断甲状腺结节中的应用价值

目的：探讨超声引导下粗针活检（ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy,US-CNB）在诊断甲状腺结节中的应用价值。方法将术前超声诊断为甲状腺恶性结节的120例患者分为两组,观察组60例,采用超声引导下粗针活检;对照组60例,采用超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学检查（fine needle aspiration cytology ,FNAC）。比较两组病例取材满意度、诊断准确性和安全性。结果观察组取材满意度、诊断准确性明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和并发症比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论超声引导下粗针活检甲状腺结节取材满意度和诊断准确性高于细针活检,同时也安全可靠,更值得临床推广应用。     

彩色多普勒超声引导下经皮骨骼病变穿刺活检术的应用

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声引导下经皮骨骼病变穿刺活检术的应用价值.资料与方法35例经影像学诊断的骨骼病变患者,在彩色多普勒超声引导下,采用 Bard 活检枪配备16G 或18G 活检针行经皮穿刺活检,比较穿刺活检病理诊断结果与术后组织病理诊断结果.结果35例患者中,31例取材成功,4例取材失败,成功率为88.6%.骨骼病变穿刺活检病理诊断转移瘤22例,骶骨良性病变3例,髂骨恶性肿瘤2例,股骨、肋骨、坐骨、腰椎恶性肿瘤各1例;与手术病理符合率为87.1%(27/31),二者诊断一致性较好(Kappa=0.633, P <0.01),诊断差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论彩色多普勒超声引导下经皮骨骼病变穿刺活检术安全,成功率及诊断准确率高,可在一定程度上代替手术活检,值得临床推广应用.     

CT引导≤2cm肺小结节18G粗针切割/20G细针抽吸穿刺活检临床分析

目的探讨CT引导下经皮粗针(18G)切割活检与细针(20G)抽吸活检术两种方法在≤2cm的肺小结节诊断中的价值及安全性。方法回顾分析我科85例CT引导经皮肺活检临床资料(粗针组31例,细针组54例),比较不同直径活检针穿刺活检成功率、并发症及病理结果等。结果 85例病例总技术成功率100%,总取材成功率92. 9%,总肿瘤特异性检出率52. 9%,总肿瘤确诊率50. 6%。18G粗针组取材成功率、肿瘤特异性检出率和肿瘤确诊率高于20G细针组,分别为100%,74. 2%,70. 9%和85. 2%,50%,38. 9%,P值分别为0. 024,0. 003,0. 000。两组间并发症如气胸、肺出血、咳血发生率无统计学差异,P值均大于0. 05。结论对于≤2cm肺小结节,CT引导下18G粗针切割活检肿瘤检出率及肿瘤确诊率高于20G细针抽吸活检,气胸、肺出血等并发症发生风险与细针组相仿,是一种安全有效、准确性高的临床诊断方法。     

超声导向穿刺活检在浅表神经源性肿瘤的诊断价值

目的:探讨超声导向穿刺活检在浅表神经源性肿瘤的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析手术病理证实的浅表神经源性肿瘤17例,在高频超声导向下用Bard活检枪和18 G切割活检针进行经皮穿刺活检。结果:穿刺活检成功率100%,取材满意度95.7%,组织学阳性率及诊断准确率为100%;无并发症发生。结论:超声导向穿刺活检技术微创、安全、准确率高,为临床医生制定手术方案、选择手术方式提供明确的组织学依据。     

超声造影后粗针穿刺活检在颈部肿大淋巴结鉴别诊断中应用

目的探讨超声造影后粗针穿刺活检技术在颈部肿大淋巴结鉴别诊断中的应用,为临床提供有价值的参考依据。方法选取自2015年5月至2016年5月在沈阳军区总医院就诊的73例颈部淋巴结肿大患者为研究对象,将所有患者随机分为A组(n=37)和B组(n=36)。A组患者行超声引导下粗针活检穿刺,B组患者行超声造影后粗针活检穿刺,比较两组患者的取材成功率、诊断准确率及并发症发生率。结果 B组患者取材成功率为100.0%(36/36),诊断准确率为100.0%(36/36),均高于A组的取材成功率89.2%(33/37)及诊断准确率89.2%(33/37),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组患者的并发症发生率为0,低于A组的8.1%(3/37),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声造影后粗针穿刺颈部肿大淋巴结活检能提高取材成功率及诊断准确率,减少穿刺过程中的并发症。     

Core biopsy of the bowel wall: efficacy and safety in the clinical setting

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and complications of percutaneous 18-gauge core biopsies of lesions of the bowel wall using CT and sonographic guidance. A retrospective study was made of 15 biopsy procedures performed on 12 patients with suspected neoplasia of the gastrointestinal tract. The biopsies were performed when there were no sites of metastatic disease more readily accessible to biopsy and the lesion was inaccessible to endoscopic techniques or when the endoscopic biopsy findings were negative. CONCLUSION: Three biopsy procedures provided inadequate samples and the biopsies were repeated, giving a total of 15 biopsy procedures. A tissue diagnosis was made in all 12 patients. All procedures were well tolerated, and no immediate or delayed complications occurred. Percutaneous core biopsy of bowel wall masses is a safe technique that allows a histologic diagnosis to be obtained in difficult cases when other methods cannot provide an adequate tissue sample.     

Sonographically guided percutaneous biopsy of gastrointestinal tract lesions

OBJECTIVE. Our objective was to evaluate the role and safety of sonographically guided percutaneous biopsy in the diagnosis of digestive tract lesions when the lesions are not suitable to biopsy by endoscopy and safely reachable by sonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We performed 42 biopsies in 41 patients (age range, 14-81 years; mean age, 57.5 years). We performed biopsies with real-time sonographic guidance using graded compression, with a 3.5-5-MHz microconvex transducer. In 39 biopsies, core specimens were obtained with an 18-gauge automatic needle gun; fine-needle aspiration biopsy was obtained in 28 patients with a 22-gauge needle and in the other four patients with a 21-gauge needle. In the remaining three patients, a coaxial technique with 20- and 22-gauge needles for cytology was used. RESULTS. In 40 (95.2%) of 42 core biopsies performed, a specific diagnosis was obtained. A positive diagnosis was obtained in 16 (45.7%) of 35 fine-needle aspirations. The lesions were located from the pharynx to the sigmoid colon. Twenty-eight patients had malignant lesions, and 13 had benign lesions. Only one serious complication, bile peritonitis, was observed. CONCLUSION. Percutaneous biopsy with sonographic guidance can be used safely and efficiently to diagnose digestive tract lesions that can be visualized on sonography and are not accessible endoscopically.     

CT-Guided Needle Biopsy of Deep Pelvic Lesions by Extraperitoneal Approach Through Iliopsoas Muscle

We report our experience with computed tomography (CT)-guided coaxial needle biopsy of deep pelvic lesions by an extraperitoneal approach through the iliopsoas muscle, using a curved needle for difficult-to-reach lesions. We reviewed the records of all patients with pelvic masses who underwent CT-guided percutaneous biopsy via iliopsoas muscle between January 1999 and December 2001. Direct anterior or posterior approach to the lesion was obstructed by bowel, bladder, vessels, or bones in all patients. An 18-gauge guide needle was advanced through the iliopsoas muscle and a 22-gauge Chiba needle was used to perform the biopsy. A custom-tailored curved 22-g needle was used in 17 procedures when the location of the iliac vessels and the slope of the iliac wing obstructed a straight path to the lesion. Fifty-three patients underwent 57 CT-guided needle biopsies during the study period. The lesions comprised obturator (n = 25), internal iliac (n = 11), anterior external iliac (n = 4), and common iliac nodes (n = 4); soft tissue masses along pelvic side-wall (n = 6); adnexal lesions (n = 5); a loculated fluid collection, and a perirectal node. All lesions were safely accessed, and major vessels and viscera were avoided in all cases. Of the 57 biopsies, 53 (93%) yielded diagnostic specimens. No major complications were encountered. CT-guided coaxial needle biopsy by an anterolateral approach through the iliopsoas muscle, with the use of a curved needle in selected cases is safe and effective for obtaining samples from deep pelvic lesions. This work was presented at the 2002 Cardiovascular Interventional Society of Europe annual meeting.     

CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy using a cutting needle and an automated biopsy gun. Comparison with lung biopsy using a manual aspiration needle]

Twenty-five percutaneous lung biopsies using a 20-gauge cutting needle and automated biopsy gun (ABG) were performed under CT guidance in 25 patients with thoracic lesions. This procedure was compared with that using a 21-gauge manual aspiration needle in 36 patients (40 examinations, 37 lesions) in terms of success rate, rate of correct diagnosis, mean examination time and rate of complications. Specimens obtained from lung biopsy were graded by a histopathologist according to quality and quantity from 0 to 4 (pathological score). There were no statistically significant differences between the two procedures in terms of success rate, rate of correct diagnosis and rate of complications; only the time required was significantly different. However, sufficient biopsy material and a mean pathological score of G-II 2.8 (that of G-I was 1.9, p less than 0.05) could be obtained by the biopsy procedure using the cutting needle. The above results indicated that aspiration needle biopsy was adequate for lung biopsy, but that a cutting needle and ABG should be used when a good biopsy specimen is needed for tissue diagnosis.     

Diagnostic yield of MR-guided liver biopsies compared with CT- and US-guided liver biopsies

PURPOSE: To compare diagnostic yield and complication rates of magnetic resonance (MR)-guided versus computed tomography (CT)- and ultrasound (US)-guided liver biopsies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR-, CT-, and US-guided liver biopsies performed between 9/96 and 9/98 were compared. Sixty patients (21 men and 39 women, mean age 60 years) underwent MR-guided biopsy of liver lesions. Thirty patients (16 men and 14 women, mean age 59 years) underwent CT-guided biopsy. Eighteen patients (seven men and 11 women, mean age 50 years) underwent US-guided biopsy. MR procedures were performed in an open-configuration 0.5-T Signa SP MR unit. Lesion localization used standard T1 and T2 sequences, whereas biopsies were performed with multiplanar spoiled gradient recalled echo and fast gradient recalled echo sequences. A coaxial system with an MR-compatible 18-gauge stabilizing needle and a 21-gauge aspiration needle was used to obtain all samples. In CT and US procedures, a 19-gauge stabilizing needle and a 21-gauge aspiration or a 20-gauge core biopsy needle were used. A cytotechnologist was present to determine the adequacy of samples. RESULTS: MR had a diagnostic yield of 61%. CT and US had diagnostic yields of 67% and 61%, respectively. No serious complications were reported for MR and US procedures. Two CT biopsies resulted in postprocedural hemorrhage. One patient required surgical exploration and died. CONCLUSIONS: MR-guided biopsy of liver lesions with use of a 0.5-T open-configuration magnet is safe and accurate when compared with CT and US. No statistical difference was observed between the diagnostic yield of biopsies performed with MR, CT, and US guidance. MR enabled biopsy of a number of lesions in the hepatic dome and lesions with low contrast, which would normally be difficult to sample safely with use of CT or US.     

Pancreas transplants: experience with 232 percutaneous US-guided biopsy procedures in 88 patients

PURPOSE: To retrospectively assess the authors' experience with percutaneous ultrasonographic (US)-guided biopsy of pancreas transplants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 232 percutaneous US-guided pancreas transplant biopsies performed in 88 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Biopsies were typically performed on an outpatient basis by using local anesthesia. Considerations included the indication for the biopsy, the type of pancreas transplant, the number of needle passes, the size of the biopsy needle, the use of aspirin, and the success of the biopsy. Important complications were detailed. RESULTS: Of the 232 biopsies performed, 78 were for clinically indicated reasons and 154 were for surveillance purposes. The number of biopsy procedures per patient ranged from one to nine (mean, 2.6). Two needle passes were performed in 196 (84.5%) of the biopsy procedures. Almost all biopsies (ie, 228 [98.3%]) were performed by using an 18-gauge biopsy device. Adequate pancreatic tissue was obtained in 223 (96.1%) of the procedures. One hundred sixty-seven biopsies (72.0%) were performed while patients were receiving therapeutic aspirin. Six biopsies (2.6%) resulted in clinically important complications: three cases of intraabdominal hemorrhage and one case each of gross hematuria, allograft pancreatitis, and severe pain requiring overnight hospitalization. Two of the four bleeding complications occurred while patients were receiving therapeutic aspirin. CONCLUSION: US-guided biopsy of pancreas transplants yielded tissue that was adequate more than 96% of the time. Important complications in this study were few (2.6%) and did not appear to be related to aspirin use.     

Technical note: Percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy using a modified coaxial technique

A modified coaxial technique for the biopsy of small or deeply situated lesions using computed tomographic (CT) guidance is described. A 22-gauge needle was passed coaxially through an outer 18-gauge introducing needle and aspiration biopsy was performed. This modified coaxial technique allows for multiple biopsies to be obtained safely, expeditiously, and repeatedly.     

Percutaneous renal biopsies: Accuracy,safety, and indications

Fifty-one percutaneous renal needle biopsies were performed on 46 patients. Initial biopsy was adequate for diagnosis in 89% of patients. When a second biopsy was performed, this accuracy increased to 98%. Thirty-four of 51 (67%) biopsies were for renal masses and 17 (33%) for medical indications. Computed tomographic guidance was utilized in 94% of cases. Biopsies of renal masses were performed with 18-21-gauge needles, while biopsies for medical indications were performed with an 18-gauge cutting needle or 14-gauge Trucut. A rate of serious complications of 6% was noted.     

Percutaneous renal biopsies: accuracy, safety, and indications

Fifty-one percutaneous renal needle biopsies were performed on 46 patients. Initial biopsy was adequate for diagnosis in 89% of patients. When a second biopsy was performed, this accuracy increased to 98%. Thirty-four of 51 (67%) biopsies were for renal masses and 17 (33%) for medical indications. Computed tomographic guidance was utilized in 94% of cases. Biopsies of renal masses were performed with 18-21-gauge needles, while biopsies for medical indications were performed with an 18-gauge cutting needle or 14-gauge Trucut. A rate of serious complications of 6% was noted.     

CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of intrathoracic lesions by using the transsternal approach: experience in 37 patients.

PURPOSE: To report our experience with computed tomography (CT)-guided coaxial needle biopsy of intrathoracic lesions by using the transsternal approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 37 consecutive patients who underwent CT-guided transsternal biopsy of intrathoracic lesions were evaluated retrospectively. A coaxial needle technique was used in all patients; an 18-gauge needle was used for transsternal penetration, through which a 22-gauge needle was passed to obtain fine-needle aspirates. Five patients also underwent core-needle biopsy with a coaxially introduced 20-gauge needle. Medical records were reviewed for lesion size and location, needle path, number of needle penetrations, reasons for failure, biopsy results, and complications. RESULTS: The transsternal approach was used in mediastinal (n = 32) or intrapulmonary (n = 5) lesions. Transsternal needle sampling of the target lesion was successful in 35 patients. In the remaining two, adequate angling of the transsternal needle could not be achieved. Extrapleural access to the mediastinal lesions was achieved in all but one patient in whom the 22-gauge needle traversed the lung. Major vessels were avoided in most patients; the 22-gauge needle was safely passed through the brachiocephalic vein in one patient with a retrotracheal mass. Thirty-two (91%) of the 35 biopsies yielded diagnostic specimens. No major complications were encountered. Minor complications were pneumothorax in one patient and mediastinal hematoma in another. CONCLUSION: The CT-guided transsternal approach for coaxial core-needle biopsy allows safe access to masses in various locations in the mediastinum and anteromedial lung.