帕瑞昔布钠联合盐酸羟考酮缓释片在全膝关节置换术后镇痛中的应用

目的 评估帕瑞昔布钠联合盐酸羟考酮控释片对全膝关节置换（TKA）术后镇痛的临床效果.方法选择单侧TKA术患者60例,分为帕瑞昔布钠组（A组,30例） 及帕瑞昔布钠联合盐酸羟考酮控释片组（B组,30例）.两组术毕即采用静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg q12 h镇痛.术后24 h起,A组：当视觉模拟评分（VAS）〉5分时,静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,随后每隔12 h再静注帕瑞昔布钠40 mg;B组：当VAS〉5分时,静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,10 min后口服盐酸羟考酮控释片10 mg,随后每隔12h静注帕瑞昔布钠40 mg并口服盐酸羟考酮控释片10 mg.观察并记录：患者术后24、32、40、48及72 h静息及运动时VAS、Ramsay镇静评分（RSS）,术后48、72 h膝关节被动活动最大可忍受度,药物不良反应情况.结果与A组比较,B组术后32、40、48、72 h的静息及运动疼痛 VAS 评分降低（P〈0.05）,镇静评分增加（P〈0.05）,术后48 h和72 h患者可忍受最大屈曲角度增大（P〈0.05）.两组均未出现严重副反应.结论 帕瑞昔布钠与盐酸羟考酮控释片联合应用符合多模式镇痛趋势,可基本实现TKA患者术后无痛的目标,使患者顺利度过术后疼痛期.     

连续股神经阻滞联合帕瑞昔布用于全膝置换术后镇痛的效果评价

背景:术后镇痛是全膝关节置换术(TKA)后处理的重要组成,直接影响术后功能恢复,有利于患者早期活动,积极康复锻炼,并降低并发症发生率。多模式联合镇痛方法是目前术后镇痛研究的热点。目的:评估TKA后采用连续股神经阻滞(CFNB)联合帕瑞昔布的镇痛效果和安全性。方法:2006年9月至2011年12月行初次单侧TKA治疗骨关节炎患者80例,随机分为2组,各40例。联合镇痛组,术后使用CFNB联合帕瑞昔布镇痛模式;连续硬膜外镇痛(CEA)组,术后使用硬膜外自控镇痛泵。术后12、24、48 h采用目测类比疼痛评分法(VAS)分别对患膝静息和活动时进行疼痛评分,记录各组术后4、6、8、10 d的膝关节活动范围(ROM);监测副作用如恶心、呕吐、尿潴留、导管相关问题等。结果:80例患者全部获得随访。两组术后12、24、48 h的静息和活动时的VAS评分比较无统计学差异;两组术后4、6、8、10 d 的患膝 ROM 比较无统计学差异;A 组术后尿潴留、恶心、呕吐的发生率均低于 B 组(P<0.05);两组导管相关并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:CFNB联合帕瑞昔布镇痛能有效减轻全膝关节置换术后的疼痛,镇痛效果与CEA相当,副作用少,利于早期功能锻炼。     

围术期帕瑞昔布钠对全膝关节置换术后疼痛和功能恢复的影响

目的本研究评估帕瑞昔布钠对全膝关节置换术后疼痛和功能恢复的影响。方法择期行全膝关节置换术的患者30例。所有患者均于麻醉前行股神经置管,然后于L3～4间隙穿刺行腰-硬联合麻醉。患者被随机分为两组:帕瑞昔布钠联合连续股神经镇痛组(PF组)和连续股神经镇痛组(F组),其中PF组于切皮前15min和术后12h给予帕瑞昔布钠40mg,F组给予生理盐水。术后对两组患者的静息和运动时的VAS评分以及膝关节主动活动度进行评估。结果术后静息时两组VAS评分相似;而运动时的各时点VAS评分PF组显著低于F组(P<0.05),同时膝关节的主动活动度PF组显著高于F组(P<0.05)。结论联合应用帕瑞昔布钠的多模式镇痛提高了全膝关节置换术后股神经镇痛的效果,有利于患者运动功能的恢复,对出血无明显影响。     

右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因连续收肌管阻滞用于全膝关节置换术后镇痛的效果

目的观察右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因行连续收肌管阻滞(adductor canal block, ACB)对单侧全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty, TKA)患者术后镇痛及早期功能康复的影响。方法择期拟行单侧TKA患者40例,男21例,女19例,年龄60～75岁,ASAⅠ—Ⅲ级,采用随机数字表法分为两组:右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因组(DR组)和罗哌卡因组(R组),每组20例。术中采用全凭静脉麻醉,麻醉诱导前分别对两组患者行超声引导下ACB,并放置神经周围导管。术毕实施患者自控持续周围神经阻滞镇痛48 h, R组给予0.2%罗哌卡因,DR组给予0.2%罗哌卡因+右美托咪定1.0μg/ml。采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)法评估术后4、8、12、18、36、48 h静息和被动运动(膝关节被动屈曲45°)时疼痛程度;记录术后首次下床活动时间及术后膝关节主动屈曲90°时间;术后48 h内补救用药例数;不良反应发生情况。结果与R组比较,DR组术后不同时点被动运动VAS评分明显降低,术后首次下床活动时间明显缩短,补救镇痛药物应用人次明显减少(P0.05)。两组恶心呕吐、低血压发生率差异无统计学意义。结论右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因连续收肌管阻滞用于老年患者单侧全膝关节置换术术后镇痛效果好,并能促进关节早期功能修复,不增加不良反应程度。     

静脉注射帕瑞昔布联合股神经阻滞用于老年病人膝关节置换术后镇痛及膝关节功能康复的效果

目的 评价静脉注射帕瑞昔布联合股神经阻滞用于老年病人膝关节置换术后镇痛及膝关节功能康复的效果.方法 拟在全身麻醉下行单侧膝关节置换术老年病人40例,ASA分级Ⅱ级,年龄65～74岁,体重45～90 kg,采用随机数字表法,将其随机分为2组:单纯股神经阻滞组(FNB组,n＝20)和股神经阻滞联合间断静脉注射帕瑞昔布组(FNB-Pa组,n＝20).FNB组术毕时通过股神经阻滞导管注入0.25％罗哌卡因25 ml镇痛,每8h给药1次,至术后72 h;FNB-Pa组在术毕前30 min、术后12、24、48 h分别静脉注射帕瑞昔布40 mg;股神经阻滞用药同FNB组,至术后72 h.于术后2、12、24、36、48及72 h时记录静态时VAS评分,并于术后36、48及72 h时记录动态时VAS评分.于术前、术后24、48及72 h对患膝关节功能进行评分(HSS评分);并记录有关不良反应的发生情况.结果 FNB-Pa组术后静态、动态时VAS评分均比FNB组明显降低(P<0.05).与术前比较,术后两组病人HSS评分均明显提高(P<0.05或0.01);FNB- Pa组术后48、72 h HSS评分明显高于FNB组(P<0.05).两组均未见有关不良反应发生.结论 股神经阻滞联合间断静脉注射帕瑞昔布,可安全、有效地缓解老年病人膝关节置换术后静态和动态时疼痛,有助于术后关节功能的康复.     

超声引导下连续收肌管阻滞联合坐骨神经阻滞在老年膝关节置换术后镇痛的效果

目的评价超声引导下连续收肌管阻滞联合连续坐骨神经阻滞用于老年患者全膝关节置换术后镇痛的效果。方法择期全麻下行单侧全膝关节置换术患者80例,男46例,女34例,年龄65～80岁,体重55～82 kg,ASAⅠ—Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法分为两组,连续收肌管阻滞组(A组)和连续收肌管阻滞联合连续坐骨神经阻滞组(B组),每组40例。手术结束后两组在超声引导下行收肌管阻滞,然后B组在超声引导下行坐骨神经阻滞,两组分别注入负荷剂量0.2%罗哌卡因20 ml后,置入神经丛导管,连接PCA泵。记录术后4、8、12、24、48 h的静息和活动VAS疼痛评分,镇痛泵有效按压次数,补救镇痛,改良Bromage运动阻滞分级,以及神经阻滞相关并发症等。结果与A组比较,B组术后4～24 h的静息VAS评分,4～48 h的活动VAS评分均明显降低,术后48 h内镇痛泵有效按压次数和补救镇痛明显减少(P0.05)。术后24 h两组改良Bromage运动阻滞分级均恢复到0级。两组均未见神经阻滞相关并发症。结论连续收肌管阻滞联合连续坐骨神经阻滞用于老年患者全膝关节置换术后镇痛的效果优于单纯连续收肌管阻滞。     

收肌管阻滞麻醉联合局部浸润麻醉镇痛对初次人工全膝关节置换术后康复的影响

目的探讨收肌管阻滞麻醉联合局部浸润麻醉镇痛对初次人工全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)后康复的影响。方法将2017年3月—8月拟行初次单侧TKA且符合选择标准的104例患者纳入研究,随机分为试验组(53例)和对照组(51例)。试验组行收肌管阻滞麻醉联合术中局部浸润麻醉镇痛,对照组仅行术中局部浸润麻醉镇痛。两组患者性别、年龄、体质量指数、病因、侧别、病程、术前美国麻醉医师学会(ASA)分级等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),具有可比性。比较两组手术时间、住院时间、并发症发生情况,以及术后静息状态及活动时膝关节切口疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、膝关节屈伸活动度、肢体肿胀情况(大腿周径)、步行距离以及步行时切口疼痛VAS评分。结果试验组手术时间较对照组明显缩短(t=–2.861,P=0.005);但两组住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(t=–0.975,P=0.332)。术后试验组1例、对照组2例出现切口渗液,试验组2例、对照组3例出现血肿,两组各1例出现无症状性肌间静脉血栓,试验组14例、对照组15例出现瘀斑;两组以上并发症发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术前静息状态及活动时膝关节VAS评分、膝关节屈伸活动度、大腿周径比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。但试验组术后2、4、8、12 h时静息状态及活动时VAS评分,术后1、2 d膝关节屈伸活动度,术后出院时步行距离,术后1、2 d及出院时步行疼痛VAS评分、术后1 d大腿周径均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对于初次TKA患者,采用收肌管阻滞麻醉联合局部浸润麻醉镇痛能够减轻切口早期疼痛,有利于术后早期膝关节活动度和功能的康复。     

帕瑞昔布钠联合丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂用于全膝关节置换术镇痛的效果观察

目的比较全膝关节置换术后注射帕瑞昔布钠联合围手术期不同时间节点应用丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂的镇痛效果。方法纳入自2016-10—2018-04完成的120例全膝关节置换术,采用随机数字表法分为4组,每组30例。A组术后单纯应用帕瑞西布钠镇痛,B组术前48 h使用丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂联合术后应用帕瑞昔布钠镇痛,C组术前24 h使用丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂联合术后应用帕瑞昔布钠镇痛,D组术后即刻使用丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂联合帕瑞昔布钠镇痛。结果 B、C、D组术后24 h、48 h、3 d、5 d、7 d静息时疼痛VAS评分均低于A组,且B组术后12 h、24 h、48 h、3 d静息时疼痛VAS评分均低于A、C、D组,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。A、C、D组术后12 h静息时疼痛VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。B、C、D组术后5 d、7 d静息时疼痛VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。4组头晕、嗜睡、恶心呕吐、皮肤瘙痒、便秘的发生率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论全膝关节置换术后注射帕瑞昔布钠联合术前48 h应用丁丙诺啡透皮贴剂的镇痛效果最明显,值得临床推广应用。     

帕瑞昔布+塞来昔布在全膝关节置换术后的序贯应用及疗效观察

[目的]研究在全膝关节置换术(TKA)后序贯应用帕瑞昔布+塞来昔布的临床疗效。[方法]纳入60例TKA患者,随机分成2组:试验组术后前3 d每12 h静脉注射帕瑞昔布40 mg,之后改为每12 h口服塞来昔布200mg至术后6周,对照组序贯使用生理盐水和相同外观的安慰剂。记录并比较两组患者术前及术后第1、2、3 d及1、2、4、6周静息及活动疼痛程度(VAS评分)、膝关节功能(HSS评分)、炎症指标值、不良反应发生率及术后2周内凝血功能指标值等。[结果]试验组术后前3 d静息VAS评分及术后各时间点活动VAS评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组术后1、2、4周膝关节HSS评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05),两组术后6周HSS评分差异无统计学意义。试验组术后各时间点血沉、术后1周内C反应蛋白、术后2周内IL-6、术后前3 d IL-8及TNF-α水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者各时间点凝血指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),试验组术后住院天数及术后恶心呕吐发生率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论]TKA术后序贯应用帕瑞昔布+塞来昔布镇痛效果满意,能促进术后早期关节功能康复、减轻术后早期炎症反应、缩短术后住院周期及减少不良反应发生率。     

超声引导下收肌管阻滞联合膝关节囊后间隙阻滞在全膝关节置换中的应用

目的 观察超声引导下收肌管阻滞(ACB)联合膝关节囊后间隙(IPACK)阻滞在全膝关节置换(TKA)术中的应用效果.方法 将60例初次单侧TKA手术患者按随机数字表法分为A组(采用ACB+IPACK阻滞镇痛,30例)和B组(采用股神经阻滞镇痛,30例).记录术后不同时间点静息和活动状态下疼痛数字分级法(NRS)评分、股...     

收肌管阻滞术联合经皮穴位电刺激用于全膝关节置换术后的临床效果

目的 :探讨收肌管阻滞术(addcutor canal block,ACB)联合经皮穴位电刺激(transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation,TEAS)在全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)术后镇痛及对早期功能锻炼的效果。方法:选取2019年1月至2020年8月初次单侧行TKA的患者84例,其中男45例,女39例;年龄66～77(72.8±8.9)岁;身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI) 19～25(23.6±3.5) kg/m~2。按照随机数字表法将患者分为收肌管阻滞术联合经皮穴位电刺激组(TEAS+ACB组)和单纯收肌管阻滞术组(ACB组),每组42例。ACB组术中实施ACB,TEAS+ACB组在ACB基础上于术后第1～7天行双下肢TEAS。记录并比较两组术后6,12,24,48,72 h的疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS),术后第1,2,3,7天的膝关节功能,术后第7天膝关节活动度与住院天数。结果:TEAS+ACB组VAS评分在静息、活动状态下术后6,12 h与ACB组相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05),在术后24,48,72 h均低于ACB组(P0.05)。TEAS+ACB组膝关节活动度在术后第1天与ACB组相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05),在术后第2,3,7天均大于ACB组(P0.05)。TEAS+ACB组住院天数小于ACB组,术后第7天膝关节活动度大于ACB组(P0.05)。结论:TEAS联合ACB较单纯的ACB有更好的术后镇痛效果,促进患者早期功能锻炼,对TKA术后镇痛是安全、有效的。     

收肌管阻滞联合腘动脉-膝关节囊后间隙阻滞或胫神经阻滞在全膝关节置换术中的应用

目的 比较收肌管阻滞(ACB)联合腘动脉-膝关节囊后间隙阻滞(IPACK)或选择性胫神经阻滞(TNB)用于全膝关节置换术的镇痛效果及对运动功能的影响.方法 选择2020年4—6月行全膝关节置换术老年患者60例,男28例,女32例,年龄65～84岁,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级.采用随机数字表法分为两组:IPACK组(I组)和TNB组...     

连续收肌管阻滞和连续股神经阻滞对膝关节置换术患者术后镇痛和早期功能康复的影响

目的 比较连续收肌管阻滞(adductor canal block,ACB)和连续股神经阻滞(femoral nerve block,FNB)在膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)患者术后镇痛的效果和对早期功能康复的影响.方法 择期拟行单侧TKA患者60例,采用随机数字表法分为两组(每组30例):连续ACB组(A组)和连续FNB组(F组).术中采用全凭静脉麻醉.两组在麻醉诱导前分别行超声引导下ACB和FNB,并放置神经周围导管.术毕经神经周围导管予0.2％罗哌卡因实施患者自控周围神经阻滞镇痛.记录术后4、8、12、24、48 h静息和运动(膝关节被动屈曲45°)疼痛数字评分(numeric rating scale,NRS)、患肢股四头肌肌力Lovett评分和患肢运动阻滞改良Bromage评分.记录:术后1、2、3、14 d膝关节最大主动/被动活动度,术后14 d美国纽约特种外科医院(hospital for special surgery,HSS)膝关节功能评分,术后第1次下床活动时间和术后膝关节主动屈膝90°时间.记录术后48 h内镇痛泵有效按压次数和补救镇痛率.结果 两组术后静息和运动NRS评分、镇痛泵有效按压次数和补救镇痛率等比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).A组术后12 h内患肢股四头肌肌力Lovett评分明显高于F组(P＜0.05)、息肢运动阻滞改良Bromage评分明显低于F组(P＜0.05).A组术后1、2、3d膝关节最大主动活动度明显大于F组(P＜0.05),但膝关节最大被动活动度、术后14 d膝关节最大主动活动度、术后14 d膝关节HSS评分以及术后第1次下床活动时间和术后膝关节主动屈曲90°时间两组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 连续ACB和连续FNB可为TKA患者提供等同的术后镇痛效果,而且对早期功能康复具有相似的效果.     

Adductor Canal Block Combined with Interspace between the Popliteal Artery and Capsule of the Knee (iPACK) versus Periarticular Injection for Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundThe combination of the adductor canal block (ACB) and the infiltration of anesthetic solution into the interspace between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (iPACK) has become increasingly used to augment rapid recovery protocols in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, its efficacy in comparison with periarticular anesthetic injection (PAI) alone has yet to be evaluated. Hence, we conducted a retrospective study to compare PAI and ACB + iPACK for controlling pain after TKA.MethodsPropensity scores, incorporating American Society of Anesthesiologists scores, body mass index, age, and sex, were used to match the ACB + iPACK group with the PAI group. All patients received the identical surgical technique and postoperative care. Outcome measures were visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, morphine consumption, knee flexion angle, straight leg raising (SLR), postoperative nausea vomiting (PONV), and length of stay (LOS) after the surgery.ResultsAfter matching by propensity score, there were 49 patients with comparable demographic data in each group. The VAS and morphine requirements of the PAI and ACB + iPACK groups were not different during the first 48 hours after TKA. At 72 hours postoperatively, the VAS of the ACB + iPACK was 0.97 higher than that of the PAI group (p = 0.020). Knee flexion angle, SLR, PONV, and LOS were not significantly different between groups. No procedure-related complications were identified in either group.ConclusionsThe anesthesiologist-administered ACB + iPACK was as effective as surgeon-administered PAI in controlling pain in the first 48 hours after TKA. However, the ACB + iPACK group had higher intensity of pain than did the PAI group at 72 hours after TKA.     

Randomized Prospective Comparative Study of Adductor Canal Block vs Periarticular Infiltration on Early Functional Outcome After Unilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with significant postoperative pain. Effective pain relief is essential for early postoperative rehabilitation. Periarticular infiltration (PAI) and adductor canal block (ACB) have become popular modes of pain management after TKA. Our aim is to compare their efficacy and impact on early functional outcome in patients undergoing TKA.MethodsA single-blinded randomized controlled trial, 100 patients undergoing unilateral primary TKA for symptomatic osteoarthritis were allocated to either of the 2 groups (50 in each arm): postoperative ultrasound-guided single shot of ACB (group A) or intraoperative PAI (group B). All patients underwent TKA without patella resurfacing under spinal anesthesia. Preoperative workup, surgical technique, and postoperative management were standardized for all the patients. Patients were assessed for pain using visual analogue scale at 6, 12, and 24 hours after surgery; hemoglobin level preoperatively and postoperatively on day 1 to calculate blood loss; hospital stay; tourniquet time; operative time; and postoperative complications by an independent observer blinded to the group allocation.ResultsPatients were matched for age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, and deformity. Visual analogue scale (scale 0-10) between PAI and ACB at 6, 12, and 24 hours were significantly different (P < .05) with higher scores seen in patients with ACB at all time points. Tourniquet time and operative time were significantly longer in the PAI than ACB. No significant difference in hospital stay was observed. No complications occurred during the study.ConclusionPAI achieves better pain control as compared to ACB in patients undergoing unilateral TKA.     

帕瑞昔布钠对全膝关节置换术后股神经阻滞镇痛及膝关节功能恢复的影响--前瞻、双盲、随机对照研究

目的：评价帕瑞昔布钠对全膝关节置换术后连续股神经阻滞的镇痛效果及对早期膝关节功能恢复的影响。方法2012年5～12月择期行全膝关节置换术患者100例,于腰麻硬膜外联合麻醉前行连续股神经阻滞并用于术后镇痛。患者以随机、双盲形式分为2组：连续股神经镇痛组（ C组）和帕瑞昔布钠联合连续股神经镇痛组（ P组）,P组于切皮前30 min和术后12、24、36和48 h静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,C组给予等量生理盐水。术后对2组静息和被动运动时膝关节前后部疼痛视觉模拟评分（ visual analogue scale ,VAS）、镇痛泵按压次数、主动直腿抬高时间、被动屈膝90°时间、术前及术后72 h美国特种外科医院膝关节评分（ Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score ,HSS）进行评估。结果静息时膝关节前部VAS评分各时点2组相似（P＞0．05）,后部VAS评分在术后8、12、24、48 h时P组比C组降低（P＜0．05）;膝关节被动运动时前部VAS评分在24、48 h时P组比C组降低（P＜0．05）,后部VAS评分在24 h时P组比C组降低（P＜0．05）;镇痛泵按压次数在术后4～8 h及8～12 h时间段P组比C组减少（P＜0．05）;2组术前、术后72 h HSS评分差异无显著性（P＞0．05）;主动直腿抬高时间、被动屈膝90°时间P组比C组缩短（P＜0．05）。结论帕瑞昔布钠对全膝关节置换术后连续股神经阻滞的患者在一定程度上缓解疼痛,缩短主动直腿抬高时间、被动屈膝90°时间从而部分改善早期膝关节功能,具有较好的促进恢复作用。     

Efficacy of Adductor Canal Block Combined With Additional Analgesic Methods for Postoperative Analgesia in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective,Double-Blind,Randomized Controlled Study

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of adductor canal block (ACB) combined with additional analgesic methods in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and investigate whether blocking the sensory nerves that are distributed in the posterior and lateral aspect of knee could improve postoperative pain control.MethodsTwo hundred scheduled patients for TKA were randomly allocated into 4 groups: Group A received ACB combined with iPACK (interspace between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee) block and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve block (LFCNB); Group B received ACB combined with iPACK block; Group C received ACB combined with LFCNB; and Group D received ACB only. Postoperative pain score was the main primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included the morphine consumption and analgesic duration. Other outcomes included knee range of motion, quadriceps strength, ambulation, Knee Society Score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index physical function, timed up and go (TUG) test, and complications.ResultsGroups A, B, and C had lower postoperative pain scores within 12 hours at rest and 8 hours with activity than Group D (P < .05). In addition, Group A had lower morphine consumption than both Group C (P < .05) and Group D (P < .01). Group A had the longest analgesic duration (19.21 ± 3.22 hours) among all groups. There were no significant differences among the groups in terms of mobility and complication after surgery.ConclusionCombining ACB with both iPACK and LFCNB is an effective method for decreasing early postoperative pain in TKA without increasing the complications or affecting the early rehabilitation.     

Adductor Canal Block Combined With IPACK Block for Postoperative Analgesia and Function Recovery Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective,Double-Blind,Randomized Controlled Study

BackgroundThis study aimed to explore the analgesic effect among adductor canal block (ACB) combined with infiltration between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the posterior knee (IPACK) block, ACB, and IPACK block following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsOne hundred twenty patients were randomly allocated into 3 groups including group A (ACB + IPACK block), group B (ACB), and group C (IPACK block). The primary outcome was postoperative pain score. The secondary outcome was opioid consumption. Other outcomes included functional evaluation and postoperative complications.ResultsGroup A showed the lowest pain scores within 8 hours at rest and with knee maximum flexion (P < .001). From 12 to 24 hours, group C showed the highest pain scores, while no significant difference was found between group A and group B. No significant difference was found among the 3 groups 24 hours postoperatively. Group C showed the most opioid consumption within the first 24 hours and during the hospitalization, while no significant difference was found between group A and group B. No significant difference was found among the 3 groups including function evaluation and postoperative complications.ConclusionACB + IPACK block can improve early analgesia when compared with ACB. However, the small statistical benefit to the addition of IPACK block to ACB may be unlikely to be clinically significant. Further studies may focus on patient selection and how to prolong the effect of IPACK block.