输血相关铁蓄积患者骨密度分析

目的研究输血相关铁蓄积患者的骨密度,探讨继发性铁蓄积对骨代谢的影响。方法回顾性研究54例输血相关铁蓄积患者资料,检测患者每次输血前血红蛋白、红细胞压积以及相关生化指标,并检测研究结束时患者血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白以及腰椎和股骨颈骨密度。采用t检验、方差分析、卡方检验、Pearson或Spearman直线分析、多元逐步回归分析以及偏相关分析研究患者骨密度与铁代谢指标、血清生化指标的相关性。结果患者平均血清铁蛋白水平为1273.14 ng/ml,明显升高,平均腰椎和股骨颈骨密度T/Z值分别为-1.75和-1.48,低于正常人水平;将患者分为再生障碍性贫血、骨髓增生异常综合征和原发性骨髓纤维化3组,3组患者腰椎和股骨颈骨密度以及骨量减少或骨质疏松症发病率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);将患者分为骨量减少或骨质疏松组和正常骨量组,骨量减少或骨质疏松组患者36例,占总数67%,与正常骨量组相比,这些患者年龄大,接受输血治疗的时间长,糖尿病发病率高,血清白蛋白低以及血清铁蛋白高和转铁蛋白低;相关分析提示腰椎或股骨颈骨密度与体重指数、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、血清白蛋白和转铁蛋白呈正相关(P0.05),与年龄、输血治疗时间、血清铁蛋白呈负相关(P0.05);进一步行多元回归分析提示,年龄和血清铁蛋白是影响腰椎和股骨颈骨密度的主要因素,进一步矫正年龄因素,腰椎和股骨颈骨密度与血清铁蛋白呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.53和-0.40(P0.05)。结论输血相关铁蓄积患者存在骨密度降低,骨密度与体内铁蓄积水平呈负相关。本研究为继发性铁蓄积与骨质疏松研究提供了新的临床数据。     

铁过载对小鼠血清骨转换指标的影响

目的 观察铁过载小鼠骨质疏松模型中血清骨转换指标的变化.方法 腹腔注射生理盐水和枸橼酸铁铵建立对照和高铁小鼠模型.小动物活体成像系统测定小鼠双侧股骨中段和第四腰椎骨密度.酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清中铁蛋白、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、骨钙素(BGP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP-5b)、Ⅰ型胶原C端肽(CTX)、核因子κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)、骨保护素(OPG)含量.结果 高铁组小鼠双侧股骨中段和第四腰椎骨密度显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).高铁组小鼠血清中铁蛋白、TRAP-5b、CTX、RANKL含量分别为(269.72±54.06) μg/L、(41.46 ±8.00) U/L、(7720.00 ±3554.00) pmol/L、(94.22±29.79) ng/L,显著高于对照组( 101.18±17.10) μg/L、(19.57±9.02)U/L、(3140.00 ±632.00) pmol/L、(47.70±15.08) ng/L(P＜0.05);BALP、BGP含量分别为(7.84±1.74) μg/L、(58.54±4.60) μg/L,明显低于对照组(18.63±6.23) μg/L、( 100.99±18.22) μg/L(P＜0.05);OPG含量两组之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 铁过载可能通过抑制骨形成,促进骨吸收引起小鼠骨质疏松.     

阿仑膦酸钠治疗男性骨质疏松症临床研究

目的 探讨阿仑膦酸钠对男性骨质疏松症患者骨密度、血生化及骨标志物的影响.方法 选择2012年1月～2013年1月在我科门诊及住院50岁以上男性骨质疏松患者共169例,每人每天服用元素钙600 mg,活性维生素D0.25 μg作为基础补充剂,每周服用阿仑膦酸钠70 mg,共治疗12个月.观察骨密度、骨标志物等指标,骨密度测定采用双能X线吸收法,骨标志物测定采用酶联免疫吸附法.结果 研究结果显示,治疗1年后,L2、L3、L2～4、Neck、Ward's三角骨密度分别为0.791±0.150 g/cm2、0.817±0.149 g/cm2、0.827±0.154 g/cm2、0.875±0.153 g/cm2、0.703±0.138 g/cm2、0.522±0.133 g/cm2,均较治疗前0.772±0.144 g/cm2、0.800±0.156 g/cm2、0.861-±0.168 g/cm2、0.685±0.109 g/cm2、0.490 ±0.121 g/cm2有明显提高,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其他部位骨密度无明显差异(P＞0.05);治疗后血清CTX、BGP、BAP为0.20±0.11 ng/ml、7.73±4.11 ng/ml、14.57±7.20 ng/ml,较治疗前0.32±0.23 ng/ml、11.39±5.6 ng/ml、16.17±8.81 ng/ml显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 阿仑膦酸钠能有效降低破骨细胞活性,抑制骨破坏,显著提高骨量,对老年男性骨质疏松疗效显著.     

血清铁调素、铁蛋白表达与老年骨质疏松性骨折的相关性分析

目的检测老年骨质疏松症患者的血清铁调素、铁蛋白表达水平,并分析二者与老年骨质疏松性骨折的相关性。方法骨折组纳入自2018-06—2019-12确诊的86例老年骨质疏松性骨折,同期存在老年骨质疏松症但未骨折的86例纳入未骨折组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清铁调素、铁蛋白表达水平。采用Pearson法分析血清铁调素表达水平、血清铁蛋白表达水平与不同部位骨密度的相关性。采用多因素Logistic回归分析老年骨质疏松性骨折发生的影响因素。结果骨折组检测发现血清铁调素表达水平为(70.17±15.06)ng/mL,未骨折组为(109.39±27.28)ng/mL,骨折组低于未骨折组(P0.05)。骨折组血清铁蛋白表达水平为(275.92±32.08)ng/mL,未骨折组为(182.12±22.43)ng/mL,骨折组高于未骨折组(P0.05)。血清铁调素表达水平与股骨颈、股骨大粗隆、总髋部、Ward三角区、股骨粗隆间、腰椎部位骨密度呈正相关,而血清铁蛋白表达水平与各部位骨密度呈负相关。多因素Logistic分析结果显示血清铁调素低表达、血清铁蛋白高表达是老年骨质疏松性骨折发生的危险因素。结论老年骨质疏松性骨折患者血清铁调素表达水平明显降低,铁蛋白表达水平显著升高。老年骨质疏松症患者应定期检测血清铁调素、铁蛋白表达水平,以更好地预测骨折发生的风险,进而采取有效的预防措施。     

绝经后髋部脆性骨折中铁过载指标与骨密度骨转换指标关系的研究

目的 研究绝经后髋部脆性骨折患者血清铁过载指标与骨代谢指标间的相互关系,对两者的临床表现进行探讨.方法 回顾性研究2011年2月至2012年6月76例绝经后髋部脆性骨折患者资料,年龄55 ～ 93岁,平均(73±10)岁;绝经时间5～50年,平均(22±10)年.患者均检测血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、Ⅰ型原胶原氨基端延长肽(P1NP)、Ⅰ型胶原C端肽B降解产物(β-CTX)和双能X线股骨颈腰椎骨密度指标.采用t检验、Pearson线性相关分析、多元逐步回归分析、偏相关分析,观察铁代谢指标与骨代谢相关指标的关系.结果 患者血清铁蛋白值升至(230±146) μg/L,转铁蛋白降至(1.89±0.33)g/L.血清P1 NP升至(61±32) ng/L,ALP、β-CTX均在正常范围内.股骨颈和腰椎骨密度T值分别为-2.0±1.1和-2.1±1.2(正常范围-1.0～1.0).将患者按照其血清铁蛋白情况分为铁蛋白正常组(血清铁蛋白≤150 μg/L,25例)和铁蛋白升高组(血清铁蛋白＞ 150μg/L,51例).铁蛋白升高组较铁蛋白正常组的股骨颈和腰椎骨密度降低(t=3.13、2.89,P＜0.01),P1 NP和β-CTX升高(t=-2.38、-3.59,P＜0.05).校正混杂因素后,铁蛋白值与股骨颈和腰椎骨密度T值呈负相关(r=-0.335、-0.295,P＜0.05),与P1NP和β-CTX值呈正相关(r=0.467、0.414,P＜0.05),与ALP无显著相关性(r=0.188,P＞0.05);转铁蛋白值与股骨颈和腰椎骨密度T值呈正相关(r =0.444、0.262,P＜0.05),与ALP、P1NP、β-CTX值呈负相关(r=-0.326、-0.285、-0.278,P＜0.05).结论 绝经后髋部脆性骨折患者存在铁过载现象,铁过载与骨转换活跃导致骨量丢失相关,体内铁过载可能是一个独立影响绝经后骨代谢异常的因素.     

铁过载对绝经后骨质疏松患者骨密度和骨代谢的影响

目的 观察铁过载对绝经后骨质疏松患者骨密度和骨代谢的影响。方法 将234名绝经后妇女按照骨密度（bone mineral density, BMD）分为正常组、骨量减少组和骨质疏松组。分析铁过载对年龄、绝经年数、血钙(Ca)、磷(P)、体质量指数（bone mass index,BMI）、肝肾功能、葡萄糖代谢、脂质代谢、炎症反应、BMD、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRACP-5b)、ALP、Ⅰ型胶原交联C端肽(β-CTX)和Ⅰ型胶原交联N端肽(PINP)的影响。结果 与正常组相比,骨量减少组和骨质疏松组血清铁蛋白(Fer)显著升高(P<0.05)。Fer水平与BMD呈负相关(P<0.05)。TRACP-5b水平在骨质疏松组明显高于正常组(P<0.05)。与正常组相比,骨质疏松症组的ALP水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与骨量减少组相比,骨质疏松组血清β-CTX水平明显升高(P<0.05);且骨质疏松组的PINP水平显著高于正常组(P<0.05)。更重要的是,血清Fer和PINP之间存在正相关(P<0.05);血清Fer和β-CTX之间呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 铁过载对绝经后骨质疏松患者骨密度和骨代谢均有显著影响。     

阿仑膦酸钠治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的疗效分析

目的观察阿仑膦酸钠治疗绝经后骨质疏松症患者的骨密度变化。方法回顾性分析门诊120例绝经后骨质疏松患者,其中对照组88例,单纯补充钙剂(600 mg/日)及活性维生素D(0.25μg/日),治疗组32例,补充钙剂及活性维生素D的基础上同时服用阿仑膦酸钠70mg每周一次。观察两组治疗一年后骨密度的变化。结果对照组腰椎2-4部位骨密度由治疗前(0.763±0.098)g/cm2降至治疗后(0.742±0.095)g/cm2,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);股骨颈部位骨密度由基线水平(0.637±0.073)g/cm2降至(0.601±0.078)g/cm2,差异有统计学意义(P=0.006)。阿仑膦酸钠治疗后腰椎2-4骨密度由(0.729±0.122)g/cm2升至(0.743±0.129)g/cm2,差异有统计学意义(P=0.007);股骨颈部位骨密度由治疗前(0.599±0.086)g/cm2升至治疗后(0.635±0.112)g/cm2,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论阿仑膦酸钠可增加绝经后骨质疏松患者的骨密度;单纯补充钙剂及维生素D治疗不能防止绝经后妇女骨量的进一步丢失。     

绝经后骨质疏松合并2型糖尿病血清25羟维生素D水平研究

目的 探讨绝经后骨质疏松合并2型糖尿病血清25羟维生素D的水平.方法 选择2010年1月至2011年1月我科住院的51例患者,包括绝经后骨质疏松合并2型糖尿病患者25例,年龄72.38±9.11岁,非糖尿病绝经后骨质疏松妇女26例,年龄68.04±8.28岁.采用美国Norland双光能X线骨密度检测仪对所有患者进行腰椎L2 -L4和左侧股骨近端(包括Neck、Troch、Ward三角区)骨密度测量,并测定身高、体重,病程空腹血糖( FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、甘油三脂(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白( HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C),采用酶联免疫吸附法测定两组患者血清25羟维生素D,比较两组25羟维生素D水平.结果 绝经后骨质疏松合并2型糖尿病组患者血清25-羟维生素D 23.31±12.01 ng/ml,较非糖尿病骨质疏松患者36.43±25.91ng/ml低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);绝经后骨质疏松合并2型糖尿病组患者空腹血糖7.51±1.83mmol/L、糖化血红蛋白6.70±1.26、甘油三脂1.80±0.74mmol/L较骨质疏松组空腹血糖5.55±1.22mmol/L、糖化血红蛋白5.86±1.05、甘油三脂1.16±0.41 mmol/L增高(P＜0.05);2型糖尿病合并绝经后骨质疏松患者L2～4、Neck、Ward's三角区、Troch的骨密度分别为0.75±0.11g/cm2、0.64±0.11g/cm2、0.54±0.13g/cm2、0.44±0.12g/cm2与对照组0.76±0.16g/cm2、0.69±0.18g/cm2、0.54±0.11g/cm2、0.47±0.12g/cm2相比较,差异没有统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 绝经后骨质疏松合并2型糖尿病患者较未合并2型糖尿病骨质疏松维生素D缺乏更严重.     

男性糖尿病足患者骨密度临床研究

目的探讨男性糖尿病足患者骨密度的变化及影响因素。方法比较23例男性糖尿病足组、25例正常对照组一般情况及生化指标,包括病程、体重指数(BMI)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、空腹血糖(FBG)、甘油三脂(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C),并采用美国Norland双光能X线骨密度仪测定两组的L2-L4和Neck、Ward三角区、Troch的骨密度,对两组结果进行比较。结果糖尿病足组患者空腹血糖9.06±3.44mmol/L、糖化血红蛋白9.05±1.18、甘油三脂2.49±0.48mmol/L、低密度脂蛋白3.29±0.83mmol/L较正常对照组空腹血糖5.60±1.00mmol/L、糖化血红蛋白4.62±0.68、甘油三脂1.32±0.86mmol/L、低密度脂蛋白2.28±1.06mmol/L显著增高(P0.05);糖尿病足患者L2-L4和Neck、ward三角区、Troch的骨密度分别为1.01±0.23g/cm2、0.85±0.21g/cm2、0.61±0.16g/cm2、0.72±0.17g/cm2,均低于正常对照组的1.17±0.14g/cm2、1.02±0.06g/cm2、0.76±0.14g/cm2、0.83±0.09g/cm2(P0.05)。结论糖尿病足病患者更易发生骨质疏松,骨折的危险性远高于正常人群,应将骨密度测量作为糖尿病足病常规检查。     

男性2型糖尿病患者骨密度研究

目的 探讨男性2型糖尿病与骨质疏松的关系.方法 采用美国Norland双能X线骨密度检测仪对22例男性2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者及25例健康体检者进行腰椎L2-L4和左侧股骨近端(包括Neck、Troch、Ward三角区)骨密度测定,并测定空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、甘油三脂(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C),结合年龄、病程、体重指数(BMI)等因素进行研究.结果 糖尿病组患者空腹血糖9.89±3.27 mmol/L、糖化血红蛋白8.24 ±1.43、甘油三脂2.27±1.41 mmol/L、低密度脂蛋白2.88±0.91 mmol/L较正常对照组空腹血糖5.60±1.00 mmol/L、糖化血红蛋白4.62±0.68、甘油三脂1.32±0.86 mmol/L、低密度脂蛋白2.28±1.06mmol/L显著增高(P＜0.05);糖尿病患者Neck、ward三角区、Troch的骨密度分别为0.88±0.21g/cm2、0.63±0.11 g/cm2、0.73±0.08 g/cm2均低于正常对照组的1.02±0.06 g/cm2、0.76±0.14g/cm2、0.83±0.09 g/cm2,具有显著统计学意义(P＜0.05),而腰椎骨密度1.06±0.20 g/cm2与正常人1.17±0.14 g/cm2相比无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 男性2型糖尿病患者更易发生骨质疏松,骨折的危险性也高于正常人,早期筛查血糖及骨密度具有重要意义.     

甘肃省兰州地区中老年女性骨密度现状调查及危险因素分析

目的调查研究甘肃省兰州地区中老年女性的骨密度情况,并分析体重指数与骨质疏松的相关性。方法选取2019年5月1日至2019年10月30日期间于甘肃省妇幼保健院行健康体检的女性。详细记录其年龄、绝经状态、身高及体重,采用双能X线吸收骨密度仪进行检测。结果共纳入2 078名研究对象。其中绝经前组204名,占9.82%,平均年龄(41.10±3.19)岁;围绝经期组443名,占21.32%,平均年龄(49.29±2.18)岁;绝经后组1 431名,占68.86%,平均年龄(56.25±7.59)岁。围绝经期组及绝经后组平均绝经年龄分别为(50.43±1.30)岁、(48.42±3.06)岁。三组平均身高、体重及体重指数分别为(1.59±0.05) m、(59.58±7.78) kg及(23.71±3.11) kg/m2。左侧股骨颈的平均骨密度分别为:绝经前组(0.85±0.14) g/cm2、围绝经期组(0.91±0.15) g/cm2、绝经后组(0.82±0.12) g/cm2;左侧全部髋关节的平均骨密度分别为:绝经前组(0.99±0.16)g/cm2、围绝经期组(0.97±0.17) g/cm2、绝经后组(0.88±0.13) g/cm2。腰1～4全部椎体的平均骨密度分别为:绝经前组(1.13±0.22) g/cm2、围绝经期组(1.10±0.20) g/cm2、绝经后组(0.97±0.15) g/cm2。所有绝经前女性的骨密度均正常;围绝经期女性中,正常骨密度占45.15%,骨量减少占32.28%,骨质疏松占22.57%;绝经后女性中,正常骨密度占19.57%,骨量减少占33.54%,骨质疏松占46.89%。Spearman等级相关分析结果示BMI与骨质疏松的发病率呈正向显著相关。结论甘肃省兰州地区中老年女性的骨质疏松发病率随年龄的增长而明显增高,尤其是绝经后及肥胖者,定期监测骨密度成为其不可或缺的体检项目。     

强直性脊柱炎患者腰椎定量CT骨密度测定及分析

目的 测定强直性脊柱炎患者腰椎骨密度(BMD),分析骨量变化相关因素,指导治疗。方法 选取强直性脊柱炎患者66例为实验组,26例健康查体者为对照组,登记一般资料及病程、ESR、CRP、BASFI及HLA-B27等指标,应用定量CT测定腰1-5椎体BMD,进行两组间BMD比较及危险因素相关分析。结果 实验组腰椎皮质骨及松质骨BMD均显著低于对照组（269.1±39.8 vs 308.2±49.3 mg/mL,140.8±18.6 vs 190.1±15.7 mg/mL,P<0.01）,实验组腰椎松质骨BMD丢失百分率显著高于皮质骨（25.9±10.3% vs 12.7±13.2%,P<0.01）,实验组骨量减少和骨质疏松发生率分别为45.5%和39.4%。病程及骶髂关节破坏程度与骨密度负相关,身高、体重、BMI、BASFI、ESR和/或CRP是否升高及HLA-B27阳性与否均与骨密度无相关性。结论 强直性脊柱炎患者腰椎BMD显著降低,骨质疏松发生率高,应早期评估BMD,及时应用生物制剂等防治骨量丢失。     

A Novel Monthly Dosing Regimen of Risedronate for the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: 2-Year Data

This 2-year trial evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of a monthly oral regimen of risedronate. Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with risedronate 75 mg on 2 consecutive days each month (2CDM) or 5 mg daily. The primary end point was the percentage change from baseline in lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) at 12 months. Secondary end points included the change in BMD of the lumbar spine and proximal femur and in bone turnover markers as well as the number of subjects with at least one new vertebral fracture over 24 months. Among 1,229 patients who were randomized and received at least one dose of risedronate, lumbar spine BMD was increased in both treatment groups: mean percentage change from baseline was 4.2 ± 0.19 and 4.3 ± 0.19 % in the 75 mg 2CDM and 5 mg daily groups, respectively, at month 24. The treatment difference was 0.17 (95 % confidence interval ?0.35 to 0.68). There were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups on any secondary efficacy parameters. Both treatment regimens were well tolerated. Risedronate 75 mg 2CDM was noninferior in BMD efficacy and did not show a difference in tolerability compared to 5 mg daily after 24 months of treatment in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. This monthly regimen may provide a more convenient dosing schedule to some patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.     

THE EFFECT OF AN IRON SUPPLEMENT ON SERUM ALUMINUM LEVEL AND DESFERRIOXAMINE MOBILIZATION TEST IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

Background. The serum aluminum (Al) measurement with desferrioxamine (DFO) mobilization is a screening test for uremic patients with an Al overload. In these patients, body iron status is one of the factors affecting the serum Al level. This study is designed to elucidate the effects of iron supplements on the serum Al and the DFO mobilization test. Methods. Our study featured ten hemodialysis patients with iron deficiency anemia. The iron supplement was given intravenously with saccharated ferric oxide, 40 mg three times weekly, at the end of each hemodialysis. The total amount of iron supplement was 1,000 mg. All the patients underwent a DFO test at a dose of 5 mg/kg. The same test was repeated two weeks after completion of the iron supplement. Results. After the iron supplement, patients' iron deficiency anemia improved with a serum ferritin elevation from 312.4 ± 589.5 to 748.2 ± 566.2 μg/L (p < 0.01), and iron saturation from 21.6 ± 20.3 to 41.1 ± 21.7% (p = 0.06). The basal serum Al level decreased from 34.3 ± 13.8 to 21.8 ± 8.5 μg/L (p = 0.01). In the DFO mobilization test, the peak serum Al level decreased from 63.4 ± 19.3 to 50.7 ± 20.5 μg/L (p < 0.01). The amount of Al increment (ΔAl) in DFO test was not changed (29.1 ± 12.0 vs. 28.9 ± 15.9 μg/L, p = 0.86). The change in basal Al level tended to negatively correlate with the percentage of increment in iron saturation (r = ? 0.628, p = 0.05). Conclusion. Results in this study suggest that iron supplements may significantly reduce the basal serum Al and peak Al in DFO mobilization test, without significant change of the mean ΔAl. The data presented indicate that in the interpretation of serum aluminum levels the iron status should be taken into account.     

The Effect of Low-Dose Cholecalciferol and Calcium Treatment on Posttransplant Bone Loss in Renal Transplant Patients: A Prospective Study

Background/Aim. Posttransplant steroid doses have been reduced with the use of new and potent immunosuppressive agents. However, posttransplant osteoporosis is still a serious problem. Our aim in this study was to investigate the effect of low-dose cholecalciferol and calcium supplementation on bone loss after transplantation in renal transplant patients. Methods. Fifty-eight renal transplantation patients were included in the study. Fourteen newly transplanted patients (group 1) and 44 renal transplantation patients with a graft age of at least six months (group 2) were involved. All patients received 400 IU/day orally cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and 600 mg/day orally calcium replacement starting from the second day posttransplantion. All patients baseline serum and urine biochemistry, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25 (OH)D3), and bone mineral density (BMD) tests were performed. Also, the same measurements were performed at the 12th month in group 1. Results. After one year of treatment, BMDs were improved in group 1. Patients in group 1 had a nonsignificant increase of lumbar spine (8.12 ± 18.64% of baseline BMD) and femoral total (7.10 ± 13.48% of baseline BMD) BMD at the end of the first year. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in femoral neck (10.06 ± 15.70% of baseline BMD, p < 0.05) measurements. The baseline results of group 2 were similar to group 1. In group 1, 25 (OH)D3 levels were increased while PTH levels were decreased at the end of the year. Conclusion. In renal transplant patients who use low-dose metilprednisolon and new immunosuppressive agents together, low doses of vitamin D3 and calcium replacement for one year provides a reduction in lumbar spine, femoral neck, and femoral total bone loss and prevents bone loss in group 2. In addition, it contributed to the normalization of PTH levels.     

Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation is Associated with a Preferential Femoral Neck Bone Loss

Osteoporosis is a major complication of organ transplantation. Little is known about the risk of developing osteoporosis in bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients. We studied early and late changes in bone mineral density (BMD), as well as biochemical markers of bone remodeling, in patients at the time of allogeneic BMT (alloBMT) and up to 13 years thereafter. In a cross-sectional study, 102 patients (40 women, 62 men, mean age ± SEM, 38.9 ± 1.6 years) were segregated into a first group (A, n= 48) and evaluated before or during the first weeks (mean ± SD 0.3 ± 0.1 month, range –0.5 to 3 months) following alloBMT, and a second group (B, n= 54) studied 60.1 ± 5.6 months (range 6–156 months) following alloBMT. Lumbar spine (LS) BMD was similar in groups A and B and was within normal limits. In contrast, femoral neck (FN) Z- and T-scores were significantly decreased in group B compared with group A (–0.68 ± 0.14 vs –0.03 ± 0.14 SD and –0.84 ± 0.14 vs –0.22 ± 0.14 SD, respectively; p≤0.002). Osteopenia (T-score between –1 and –2.5 SD) was present in 35% of group A and 43% of group B patients (NS). Osteoporosis (T-score <–2.5 SD) was detected in 7% of group B patients, but in none of those in group A (p= 0.05). In a longitudinal study, 56 subjects were evaluated at the time of alloBMT, and 33 and 23 were studied 6 or 12 months later, respectively (13 women, 20 men, 37.5 ± 1.6 years). All were treated with supplements of calcium and vitamin D. Amenorrheic women received hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Three-monthly pamidronate infusions were given to 15 men and 10 non-amenorrheic women who were osteopenic/osteoporotic or had elevated baseline bone turnover markers. Mean baseline LS and FN Z- and T-scores were within normal range. Six months after BMT, FN BMD decreased by 4.2 ± 0.7% (p<0.001), and whole body BMD and bone mineral content by 1.5 ± 0.4% and 3.1 ± 0.6%, respectively (p≤0.0001). Twelve months after the graft, there was no further significant bone loss and only FN BMD decrease remained significantly different compared with baseline (–5.6 ± 1.1%, p≤0.0001). These results indicate that the risk of decreased BMD is higher for the femoral neck than the lumbar spine and whole body levels in patients with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, and that bone loss occurs mainly during the first 6 months after the graft. Received: 9 February 2001 / Accepted: 23 May 2001     

Bone Mineral Density and Bone Size in Men With Primary Osteoporosis and Vertebral Fractures

The bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, proximal femur, and total skeleton was evaluated in 38 men with primary osteoporosis and vertebral fractures. BMD of the patients was significantly reduced over all skeletal areas compared with controls. The Z-score of the lumbar spine (−2.8 ± 0.9) was less than that of the other areas (P < 0.001) except the legs (−2.5 ± 1.1) (p.n.s.) showing that bone loss had a tendency to be greater over the axial skeleton. Vertebral dimensions compared with age-matched controls were as follows: projected L2–L4 area (cm 2): 45.7 ± 5.6 versus 53.7 ± 3.6 (P < 0.001); vertebral width (cm): 4.37 ± 0.44 versus 4.90 ± 0.36 (P < 0.001). Serum biochemical parameters and testosterone levels were similar between osteoporotic and control men. We conclude that men with vertebral osteoporotic fractures have reduced vertebral BMD and vertebral dimensions compared with age-matched controls. Thus, these findings indicate that the achievement of a reduced bone size at the end of the growth period or a failure of periosteal increase during adult life is likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of the vertebral fractures observed in older men. Received: 31 January 1997 / Accepted: 2 July 1997     

阿仑膦酸钠在甲状腺功能亢进症继发骨质疏松症中的临床应用

目的:评价阿仑膦酸钠在甲状腺功能亢进继发性骨质疏松症治疗中的有效性及安全性。方法:2008年4月至2009年11月门诊收治经双能X线骨吸收仪(DXA)证实有骨质疏松或骨量减少的27例甲状腺功能亢进患者,男7例,女20例;年龄30～61岁,平均(41.52±10.7)岁。根据随机数字表将患者随机分成A、B两组。A组14例,抗甲状腺药物加钙尔奇D口服治疗,抗甲状腺药物随着甲状腺功能的变化调整剂量,钙尔奇D每天600mg;B组13例,抗甲状腺药物加钙尔奇D加阿仑膦酸钠口服治疗,抗甲状腺药物、钙尔奇D治疗方法与A组一致,阿仑膦酸钠每周1次,每次70mg。同时选取21例健康自愿者作为对照组,不予任何干预。治疗1年后复查A、B两组患者腰椎、股骨颈、桡骨远端一般资料,比较A、B两组治疗前后骨密度(T值、Z值、BMD)及一般资料的变化,并与对照组比较,观察是否可达到完全恢复。结果:A组仅股骨颈、桡骨远端1/3处的BMD较治疗前明显上升(P值均为0.000),而B组腰椎、股骨颈、桡骨远端1/3处的T值、Z值、BMD均较治疗前明显上升(P<0.05),但均不能恢复至正常人群水平。A组腰椎、股骨颈、桡骨远端1/3处的BMD较治疗前分别升高(4.34±10.5)%、(3.21±1.38)%、(1.95±0.44)%;B组腰椎、股骨颈、桡骨远端1/3处的BMD较治疗前分别升高(6.10±8.12)%、(4.10±5.64)%、(3.10±3.23)%,各部位BMD上升的幅度,两组之间有统计学差异(P<0.05)。两组一般资料治疗后较治疗前相比,AKP均下降,体重、BMI均上升,甲状腺功能均下降至正常(P均<0.05)。结论:阿仑膦酸钠联合抗甲状腺药物治疗甲状腺功能亢进引起的骨量丢失,对骨密度的改善,较单用抗甲状腺药物更有效,而且较安全。     

血清瘦素与绝经后2型糖尿病女性患者骨密度的相关性研究

目的探索血清瘦素与绝经后2型糖尿病患者骨密度的相关性。方法共纳入98名2型糖尿病女性进行分析,通过双能X线骨密度仪对受试者髋部BMD进行检查,并测定T评分,按照骨密度检测结果分为骨质疏松症组(PMOPW)以及非骨质疏松组(PMW)。对照组按照BMI与骨质疏松症受试者匹配。通过酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定检测血清瘦素水平。结果两组血清瘦素和BMD值差异均有统计学意义(瘦素,(18.23±8.56) ng/m L vs (22.44±9.56) ng/m L,P0.05)和(BMD,(-0.74±0.13) vs(-3.127±0.55),P0.05)。在PMOPW中,血清瘦素和BMD与体重、BMI、腰围、臀围显著相关。多元线性逐步回归分析显示PMW和PMOPW的体重和BMI是BMD的独立预测因子。未发现血清瘦素水平是两组BMD的预测因子。结论体重和BMI对2型糖尿病患者BMD影响显著,但是未发现血清瘦素与PMW和PMOPW的BMD有关。