联合氨甲环酸和肾上腺素对全膝关节置换术失血的研究

目的评价联合使用氨甲环酸(TXA)和稀释的肾上腺素(DEP)对初次全膝关节置换术(TKA)围术期失血量等指标的影响及其安全性。 方法检索电子数据库包括PubMed,荷兰医学文摘数据库(EMBASE),Cochrane对照研究注册中心,Web of Science,万方数据库和中国知网,根据纳入排除标准,包括初次TKA患者的随机对照研究,干预措施实验组为TXA＋DEP,对照组为TXA。采用RevMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析。 结果经过全面严格筛选,共纳入高质量随机对照研究6篇。Meta分析结果显示,使用TXA＋DEP可以减少病人平均总失血量[MD ＝－184.32,95%CI(－251.11,－117.52), P<0.01];平均减少隐性失血量[MD ＝－150.89,95%CI(－179.83,－121.95), P<0.00001];平均减少引流量[MD ＝－63.16,95%CI(－116.29,－10.02), P＝0.02]。联合TXA＋DEP可以显著降低输血率[RR ＝0.51, 95%CI(0.28,0.93), P＝0. 03];两组间深静脉血栓发生率差异无统计学意义(P＝1.00)。 结论联合TXA＋DEP能有效减少初次TKA的失血量和降低输血率,并不增加术后DVT的发生率。     

Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss in simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty: a randomized control trial

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure, and bilateral TKA ensures cost efficiency. Bilateral TKA is associated with increased requirement of blood transfusion (BT). BT is associated with hazards, therefore be avoided. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been suggested to reduce the BT, and the use of TXA in bilateral TKA appears sparse in literature. This study aimed at assessing the effect of TXA in such patients. This prospective randomized controlled trial evaluated the use of TXA in bilateral TKA. Pre- and postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV), blood loss and BT, hospital stay, and the cost of TXA compared to blood transfusion were the measured variables. 175 patients (n?=?88 TXA, n?=?87 CTRL) completed the study. The patients in the control (CTRL) group on an average received 0.3 units and 0.07 in TXA group. The average blood loss in the TXA group was significantly less than the CTRL (P?<?0.0001). There was no significant difference in the perioperative complications, hospital stay in the two groups. The use of TXA reduces the postoperative blood loss. The allogenic BT requirement in patients undergoing bilateral TKA is significantly decreased. The routine use of this drug is cost-effective and reduces postoperative blood loss.     

全膝关节置换围手术期氨甲环酸不同使用方法的有效性和安全性

 目的 探讨在全膝关节置换围手术期氨甲环酸不同使用方法的有效性和安全性。方法 2013年2至5月150例行初次单侧全膝关节置换的女性骨关节炎患者随机分为三组,每组50例。分别在关闭切口前静脉滴注氨甲环酸10 mg/kg（单次使用组）;关闭切口前静脉滴注氨甲环酸10 mg/kg、术后3 h再次按该剂量重复使用（重复使用组）;不使用氨甲环酸（对照组）。比较三组引流量、总失血量、隐性失血量、术后不同时间血红蛋白、输血患者比例、深静脉血栓和肺栓塞发生率。结果 对照组引流量（447.2±101.9） ml,大于单次使用组（273.6±99.6） ml和重复使用组（168.5±80.8） ml,差异有统计学意义。对照组总失血量（1 100.8±288.3） ml,大于单次使用组（959.1±291.7） ml和重复使用组（818.7±206.9） ml,差异有统计学意义。三组隐性失血量的差异无统计学意义。对照组术后第1、3、5天的血红蛋白均低于单次使用组和重复使用组,重复使用组均高于单次使用组,差异有统计学意义。三组输血患者比例分别为8.0%（4/50）、6.0%（3/50）和22.0%（11/50）,对照组高于单次使用组和重复使用组,差异有统计学意义。术后90 d内均未出现症状性深静脉血栓和肺栓塞。结论 全膝关节置换术中关闭切口前静脉滴注氨甲环酸10 mg/kg能有效减少围手术期失血量和降低输血患者比例,术后3 h重复使用能进一步减少失血量,但不能进一步降低输血患者比例。使用氨甲环酸不增加深静脉血栓和肺栓塞发生的风险。     

Blood Management Following Total Joint Arthroplasty in an Aging Population: Can We Do Better?

BackgroundTo evaluate the transfusion rates for octogenarians and nonagenarians following total knee and hip arthroplasty (TKA, THA), we compared transfusion rates and associated risk factors among sexagenarians, septuagenarians, octogenarians, and nonagenarians.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 13,603 sexagenarians, 9796 septuagenarians, 2706 octogenarians, and 158 nonagenarians that received a primary, unilateral THA or TKA between 2016 and 2020 at a high-volume institution. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, the study analyzed risk factors for postoperative transfusions including use of tranexamic acid (TXA) and compared preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin (Hgb) levels and the drop in Hgb.ResultsNonagenarians had significantly higher transfusion rates (THA 25.5%, TKA 26.7%) than octogenarians (THA 9.9%, TKA 9.2%), septuagenarians (THA 3.3%, TKA 4.5%), and sexagenarians (THA 1.9%, TKA 2.9%) (P < .01). Significant risk factors for transfusion requirement following THA were American Society of Anesthesiologists level III (odds ratio [OR] 5.3, P < .01) and American Society of Anesthesiologists level IV (OR 8.0, P = .01), nonuse of TXA (intravenous: OR 0.3, P < .01; topical: OR 0.5, P < .01), lower preoperative Hgb levels (OR 0.4, P < .01), longer duration of surgery (OR 1.0, P < .01), and hepatopathy (OR 3.1, P < .01). Significant risk factors following TKA were nonuse of TXA (intravenous: OR 0.3, P < .01; topical: OR 0.5, P < .01; combined: OR 0.2, P < .01), lower preoperative Hgb levels (OR 0.4, P < .01), and longer surgery time (OR 1.0, P < .01).ConclusionThe strongest independent risk factors for increased transfusion rates among octogenarians and nonagenarians were lack of TXA application and lower preoperative Hgb levels. Routine TXA application and preoperative patient optimization are recommended to reduce transfusion rates in patients aged 80+.     

前瞻性随机对照研究全膝关节置换术中使用氨甲环酸的临床疗效

目的探讨全膝关节置换（TKA）术中使用氨甲环酸（TXA）的有效性和安全性。方法2010年3月至2013年3月,对88例（88膝）行初次TKA术的退变性骨关节炎患者进行前瞻性、随机化研究。患者随机分为使用TXA（TXA组）和使用安慰剂（对照组）两组。TXA组,在松止血带前15 min静脉给予15 mg/kg剂量的TXA;对照组给予等量的生理盐水。共11例失访（TXA组,5例;对照组,6例）,剩下77例（TXA组,39例;对照组38例）患者纳入最终分析,对其术中失血量、术后24 h引流量、总引流量、隐性失血量、总失血量、输血量、和术后第3天血红蛋白,术后24 h D-二聚体,下肢瘀斑发生率、深静脉血栓（DVT）发生率进行评估。结果两组患者术前一般资料如年龄（t=0.390,P〉0.05）、性别比（Х^2=0.127,P〉0.05）、合并疾病（Х^2=0.142,P〉0.05）等差异均无统计学意义,具有可比性。TXA组术后24 h引流量（t=6.512,P〈0.01）、总引流量（t=4.913,P〈0.01）、隐性失血量（t=5.980,P〈0.01）、总失血量（t=5.808,P〈0.01）、24 h D-二聚体值（t=18.401,P〈0.01）均明显低于对照组;TXA组术后第3天血红蛋白量明显高于对照组（t=4.815,P〈0.01）;TXA组和对照组分别有3例（共1200 ml）和4例（共1400 ml）患者接受异体输血（P〉0.05）。TXA组和对照组下肢远端深静脉血栓均为3例（P〉0.05）。TXA组下肢瘀斑发生率明显低于对照组（2.6%vs.18.4%,P〈0.05）。结论静脉使用TXA,能够安全有效的减少TKA围手术期失血量,不增加深静脉血栓的风险。     

Periarticular Injection of Tranexamic Acid Reduces Blood Loss and the Necessity for Allogeneic Transfusion After Total Knee Arthroplasty Using Autologous Transfusion: A Retrospective Observational Study

Background

This study aimed to examine the influence of a periarticular injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) on blood loss after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients who received an autologous blood transfusion.

Comparison of 3 Routes of Administration of Tranexamic Acid on Primary Unilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective,Randomized, Controlled Study

Background

The mode of administration for tranexamic acid (TXA) to significantly reduce the decrease in hemoglobin (Hb), number of transfusions, relevant costs, and side effects in patients undergoing primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has not been resolved.

Tranexamic Acid Administration Is Not Associated With an Increase in Complications in High-Risk Patients Undergoing Primary Total Knee or Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Case-Control Study of 38,220 Patients

BackgroundTranexamic acid (TXA) administration to reduce postoperative blood loss and transfusion is a well-established practice for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, clinical concerns remain about the safety of TXA in patients with a history of a prothrombotic condition. We sought to determine the risk of complications between high-risk and low-risk TKA and THA patients receiving TXA.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 38,220 patients (8877 high-risk cases) who underwent primary TKA and THA between 2011 and 2017 at our institution. Intravenous TXA was administered in 20,501 (54%) of cases. The rates of thrombotic complications (deep vein thrombosis [DVT], pulmonary embolism [PE], myocardial infarction [MI], and cerebrovascular accident [CVA]) as well as mortality and readmission were assessed at 90 days postoperatively. Additionally, we evaluated 90-day postoperative occurrence of DVT and PE separate from occurrence of MI and CVA. Patients were categorized as high risk if they had a past medical history of a prothrombotic condition prior to surgery.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the odds of these adverse outcomes between high-risk patients who received TXA and high-risk patients who did not receive TXA (odds ratio [OR] 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85-1.18). There were also no differences when evaluating the odds of 90-day postoperative DVT and PE (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.59-1.19) nor MI and CVA (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.56-1.49) for high-risk patients receiving TXA vs high-risk patients who did not receive TXA.ConclusionTXA administration to high-risk TKA and THA patients is not associated with a statistically significant difference in adverse outcomes. We present incremental evidence in support of TXA administration for high-risk patients undergoing primary arthroplasties.     

氨甲环酸减少全膝关节置换术失血量的Meta分析

目的 通过Meta分析评价抗纤溶药物氨甲环酸(tranexamic acid,TXA)对全膝关节置换术失血量的影响.方法 计算机检索数据库MEDLINE(1966年至2008年8月)、PubMed(1966年至2008年8月)、EMBASE(1966年至2008年8月)、Cochrane图书馆(2008年第3期)、中国生物医学光盘数据库(1978年至2008年8月)、中国生物医学文献数据库(1978年至2008年8月)和维普中文科技期刊数据库(1978年至2008年8月)中关于TXA减少全膝关节置换术出血量的临床随机对照研究,并查阅所有检出文献和相关综述的参考文献作为补充资料,截止到2008年8月.采用RevMan 4.3软件进行统计分析,TXA组与安慰剂组总失血量和输血单位采用加权均数差评价,输血率、深静脉血栓和肺栓塞症发生率采用优势比评价.结果 共纳入前瞻性随机对照研究8篇.Meta分析结果显示,与安慰剂组比较TXA能够减少全膝关节置换患者总出血量(加权均数差值-542.11,95%置信区间[-723.20,-361.01],P<0.001)和输血单位(加权均数差值-1.33,95%置倩区间[-1.70,-0.97],P<0.001),降低输血率(优势比0.11,95%置信区间[0.06,0.18],P<0.001),而深静脉血栓和肺栓塞症发生率差异无统计学意义.结论 静脉注射TXA能够减少全膝关节置换手术失血量和输血单位,降低输血率,不增加深静脉血栓和肺栓塞症的发生风险.     

全髋关节置换术使用氨甲环酸有效性及安全性的Meta分析

目的 通过Meta分析评价抗纤溶药物氨甲环酸（TXA）对全髋关节置换术（THA）有效性及安全性的影响.方法 计算机检索数据库MEDLINE（1966年至2012年4月）、PubMed（1966年至2012年6月）、EMBASE（1966年至2012年6月）、Cochrane图书馆（2012年第1期）、中国生物医学光盘数据库（1978年至2012年6月）、中国生物医学文献数据库（1978年至2012年4月）和维普中文科技期刊数据库（1978年至2012年6月）中关于TXA减少全髋关节置换术出血量的临床随机对照研究,并查阅所有检出文献和相关综述的参考文献作为补充资料,截止到2012年4月.采用RevMan 5.1软件进行统计分析,TXA组与安慰剂组失血量采用均数差评价,输血率、深静脉血栓、肺栓塞症和感染发生率采用优势比评价.结果 共纳入高质量前瞻性随机对照研究10篇.Meta分析结果显示,与安慰剂组比较TXA能够减少全髋关节置换患者术中失血量（均数差值-129.16,95% CI[-195.09,-63.23],P〈0.01）,术后失血量（均数差值-146.46,95% CI[-256.61,-36.31],P〈0.01）,总失血量（均数差值-283.93,95% CI[-469.45,-98.40],P〈0.01）,降低输血率（优势比 0.4,95% CI[0.25,0.65],P〈0.01）,而深静脉血栓、肺栓塞症和感染发生率差异无统计学意义.结论 静脉注射TXA能够减少全髋关节置换手术失血量,降低输血率,不增加深静脉血栓、肺栓塞症和感染的发生风险.     

Hemostatic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Carbazochrome Sodium Sulfonate in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial

BackgroundPostoperative recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with postoperative anemia, allogeneic transfusion, and stress immune responses to surgery. Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate (CSS) reduces bleeding through several mechanisms. We assessed the effect of CSS combined with tranexamic acid (TXA) on postoperative anemia, blood transfusion, and inflammatory responses.MethodsThis study was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 200 patients undergoing unilateral primary TKA. Patients were divided into 4 groups: group A received TXA plus topical and intravenous CSS; group B received TXA plus topical CSS only; group C received TXA plus intravenous CSS only; group D received TXA only.ResultsTotal blood loss in groups A (609.92 ± 221.24 mL), B (753.16 ± 247.67 mL), and C (829.23 ± 297.45 mL) was lower than in group D (1158.26 ± 334.13 mL, P < .05). There was no difference in total blood loss between groups B and C. We also found that compared with group D, the postoperative swelling rate, biomarker level of inflammation, visual analog scale pain score, and range of motion at discharge in groups A, B, and C were significantly improved (P < .05). No thromboembolic complications occurred. There were no differences in transfusion rate, intraoperative blood loss, platelet count, or average length of stay among the 4 groups (P > .05).ConclusionCSS combined with TXA was more effective than TXA alone in reducing perioperative blood loss and inflammatory response and did not increase the incidence of thromboembolism complications.     

大剂量氨甲环酸降低脊柱结核患者围手术期出血风险

目的探讨预防性应用大剂量氨甲环酸能否有效减少脊柱结核围手术期出血及相关不良事件。方法选择本院2016年1月-2018年12月行一期经椎间孔入路病灶切除椎间植骨融合内固定术治疗的腰椎结核患者90例,随机分为小剂量氨甲环酸治疗组(小剂量组)、大剂量氨甲环酸治疗组(大剂量组)和对照组,每组30例。所有患者全身抗结核治疗2~3周后行一期经椎间孔入路病灶切除椎间植骨融合内固定治疗。小剂量组静脉泵注含1 mg/kg氨甲环酸的生理盐水50 mL,大剂量组泵注含15 mg/kg氨甲环酸的生理盐水50 mL,对照组泵注等量生理盐水,均于术前30 min开始泵注。记录手术时间,术中和术后出血时间、出血量、输血量,手术前后凝血功能,术后引流量、血红蛋白量及红细胞比容,住院时间、术后恢复时间及其他不良事件。结果3组患者手术时间、术中及术后出血时间、术后出血量及输血量、手术前后凝血功能、住院时间、术后恢复时间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。大剂量组术中出血量及输血量和术后引流量均较小剂量组和对照组降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),小剂量组与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。大剂量组术后血红蛋白水平、术后红细胞比容均高于小剂量组及对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),小剂量组与对照组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。所有患者围手术期均未发生手术部位感染、血管和神经损伤及静脉血栓等严重并发症。所有患者术后随访8~12个月,椎间植骨均获得骨性融合,未发生假关节形成,内固定物断裂、松动、脱落等情况。所有患者结核症状消失,病灶全部愈合,无复发。结论术前预防性应用大剂量氨甲环酸可降低脊柱结核患者围手术期出血风险,且不增加不良事件发生风险。     

氨甲环酸对全膝关节置换术失血量的影响

目的：探讨氨甲环酸静脉重复剂量给药对全膝关节置换术失血量的影响及安全性评估。方法：对2011年4月-2012年4月90例初次行单侧全膝关节置换术的患者资料进行回顾性分析,其中男性32例,女性58例。90例患者被随机分为3组,（A组）对照组30例：（B组）单次剂量组30例：术中松止血带前10min1000mg氨甲环酸静脉滴注;（C组）双次剂量组30例：分别于术中松止血带前10min、术后3h各1000mg氨甲环酸静脉滴注。记录术后48h引流量、隐性失血量、术后12h血红蛋白减少量、输血量,术后14天观察患者是否出现下肢深静脉栓塞症状。结果：术后引流量、隐性失血量单次剂量组及双次剂量组明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）,其中双次剂量组最低。术后12h血红蛋白保持水平单次剂量组及双次剂量组明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）,术后输血量双次剂量组明显低于单次剂量组和对照组（P〈0．05）,所有患者术后14天彩色多普勒检查未发现下肢深静脉血栓形成。结论：氨甲环酸重复剂量给药可以显著减少全膝关节置换术后失血量,氨甲环酸并没有增加术后下肢深静脉血栓及肺栓塞的风险,另外,重复剂量给药可以显著减少全膝关节置换术患者的输血量。     

口服和静脉注射氨甲环酸对于腰椎椎管减压融合术的围手术期失血量影响

目的 ：探讨氨甲环酸（tranexamic acid,TXA）不同给药方式对腰椎椎管减压融合术围手术期失血量、隐性出血量、输血率,以及不良反应等各方面的影响。方法：对2019年7月至2020年7月接受腰椎椎管减压融合术的60例患者进行回顾性分析,根据TXA不同给药方式分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。观察组术前2 h口服2 g TXA;对照组在切皮前5～10 min予以1 g TXA静脉输注,术后6 h予以1 g TXA静脉输注1次。分别记录两组患者术中出血量、术后引流量、总失血量、隐性失血量、引流管拔除时间、输血率、静脉血栓形成率、不良事件发生率,观察术前和术后1、3 d血红蛋白（hemoglobin,Hb）,红细胞比容（hematocrit,HCT）的变化情况。结果：术后1、3 d的Hb及HCT均较术前有明显改善（P<0.01）,但组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组术中出血量、术后引流量、总失血量、术中失血量、隐性失血量、拔管时间、输血率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组患者均未见静脉血栓形成和不良事件发生。结论：在腰椎椎管减压融合术围手术期口服...     

Centrifugal pump and roller pump in adult cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Centrifugal pump (CP) and roller pump (RP) designs are the dominant main arterial pumps used in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Trials reporting clinical outcome measures comparing CP and RP are controversial. Therefore, a meta‐analysis was undertaken to evaluate clinical variables from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Keyword searches were performed on Medline (1966–2011), EmBase (1980–2011), and CINAHL (1981–2011) for studies comparing RP and CP as the main arterial pump in adult CPB. Pooled fixed‐effects estimates for dichotomous and continuous data were calculated as an odds ratio and weighted‐mean difference, respectively. The P value was utilized to assess statistical significance (P < 0.05) between CP and RP groups. Eighteen RCTs met inclusion criteria, which represented 1868 patients (CP = 961, RP = 907). The prevailing operation was isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CP = 88%, RP = 87%). Fixed‐effects pooled estimates were performed for end‐of‐CPB (ECP) and postoperative day one (PDO) for platelet count (ECP: P = 0.51, PDO: P = 0.16), plasma free hemoglobin (ECP: P = 0.36, PDO: P = 0.24), white blood cell count (ECP: P = 0.21, PDO: P = 0.66), and hematocrit (ECP: P = 0.06, PDO: P = 0.51). No difference was demonstrated for postoperative blood loss (P = 0.65) or red blood cell transfusion (P = 0.71). Intensive care unit length of stay (P = 0.30), hospital length of stay (P = 0.33), and mortality (P = 0.91) were similar between the CP and RP groups. Neurologic outcomes were not amenable to pooled analysis; nevertheless, the results were inconclusive. There was no reported pump‐related malfunction or mishap. The meta‐analysis of RCTs comparing CP and RP in adult cardiac surgery suggests no significant difference for hematological variables, postoperative blood loss, transfusions, neurological outcomes, or mortality.     

局部应用氨甲环酸对腰椎手术患者切口引流量及凝血功能的影响

目的观察氨甲环酸局部应用对腰椎手术患者切口引流量及凝血功能的影响。方法收集2016年1月—2017年12月接受腰椎后路开放手术的患者90例,随机分成2组,试验组46例在手术切口关闭之前采用含氨甲环酸1.0 g(用100 mL生理盐水稀释)的混合液浸泡切口,对照组44例切口给予相应体积的生理盐水浸泡。分别记录2组术后切口引流量、输血例数及输血量。术后第1、3、5天测定患者血红蛋白水平,术前3 h和术后3 h测定纤维蛋白原水平、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、D-二聚体。术后5 ～ 7 d行双下肢彩色多普勒超声检查,观察双下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成情况。结果试验组术后6 h和48 h引流量分别为(25.8±12.2)mL和(18.5±9.6)mL,明显少于对照组的(166.2±95.4)mL和(75.6±45.8)mL,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05)。试验组和对照组患者输血例数分别为5例和7例,差异无统计学意义(P 0.05);试验组输血量为(1.3±0.4)U,少于对照组的(2.4±0.6)U,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05);试验组未输血患者术后第1、3、5天血红蛋白水平高于对照组,差异无统计学意义(P 0.05)。2组患者术前3 h和术后3 h纤维蛋白原、PT、APTT、D-二聚体值差异无统计学意义(P 0.05)。术后5 ～ 7 d,2组患者均未见DVT形成。结论局部应用氨甲环酸可减少腰椎手术后切口引流量和输血量,但不增加静脉血栓形成的风险。     

Blood loss reduction: effect of different knee prosthesis designs and use of tranexamic acid—a randomized controlled trial

Purpose

In regard to blood loss in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the effect of either knee prosthesis designs or bone preparation is still unclear. While the benefit of using tranexamic acid (TXA) is well demonstrated, our study aims to determine the effect of different knee prosthesis designs uses and efficacy of blood loss reduction by different routes of TXA administration.

Methods

The 228 patients undergone primary TKA were randomized to determine between open-box and closed-box prosthesis. Among each group, a second randomization was applied to categorize the patients into (1) no use of TXA (No-TXA), (2) intra-articular TXA use (IA-TXA) and (3) intravenous TXA use (IV-TXA). The calculated blood loss (CBL), drain volume (DV) and an average number of units of blood transfused (ANUBT) were blindly evaluated.

Results

The open-box TKA had 85.60 and 63.29 ml (p = 0.02 and p < 0.01) more CBL and DV compared to closed-box TKA. The IA-TXA and IV-TXA significantly reduced CBL by 190.75 and 162.01 ml (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01) and reduced DV by 129.07 and 61.04 ml (p < 0.01 and p = 0.01), respectively, when compared to No-TXA. Patients who received IA and IV-TXA had ANUBT of 0.21 and 0.23 unit, which was significantly lower than 0.42 unit of No-TXA group (p = 0.03).

Conclusions

Use of the different prosthesis designs could significantly affect CBL and DV following TKA. However, the use of either design resulted in a comparable ANUBT. Regardless of prosthetic type, either IA- or IV-TXA could significantly reduce the CBL and ANUBT when compared to No-TXA.

     

Intra-articular Application is More Effective Than Intravenous Application of Tranexamic Acid in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Background

The optimal administration route of tranexamic acid (TXA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and the effect of TXA on hidden blood loss and total blood loss are undetermined. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of intravenous versus intra-articular application of tranexamic acid in patients undergoing knee arthroplasty.

The Efficacy of Combined Use of Rivaroxaban and Tranexamic Acid on Blood Conservation in Minimally Invasive Total Knee Arthroplasty a Double-Blind Randomized,Controlled Trial

Background

Tranexamic acid (TXA) was reportedly to decrease postoperative blood loss after standard total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the blood-conservation effect of TXA in minimally invasive TKA, in particular, receiving a direct oral anticoagulant was unclear. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of combined use of TXA and rivaroxaban on postoperative blood loss in primary minimally invasive TKA.